gortian anti Golonfal.

FlIANCE.—The approaching elections for a Legislative Chamber, and the political trials about to take place at Bourges, engross the attention of the Parisians. Thiers and Mold are now heads of what is termed the "old Conservative party." As the hour of the Assembly's dissolution ap- proaches, its opposition to the Government becomes more ineffective. On the proposal of a law against the Clubs, last week, M. Mathieu de la Drome made a strenuous endeavour to obtain an inquiry into the grounds of the Government proceedings on the 29th of January; but M. Barrot hardly deigned an answer; and the proposal was negatived by an overwhelming majority.

The political trials commenced on Thursday. Barbes persists in offering no defence. Louis Blanc and Caussidiere have sent letters to the Reforms, declining to appear before a tribunal created especially to try their offences, and predetermined on their condemnation.

A Democratic banquet, given on Sunday, for the inauguration of the Salle de la Fraternitd in the Rue Martel, was attended by upwards of 700 persons, male and female. M. Theodore Bac, the only Representative who attended, presided. A commissary of police was present. Among the toasts first given were the following: "To the right of existence by labour," "To order," "To the abolition of the conscription and the droits rein*" "To the enfranchisement of the clergy," and "To the happy re- sults of reaction "—the last by a priest. M. T. Bac, proposing "The right of meeting," complained of the attempt to limit that right, which had been solemnly proclaimed by the Revolution of February. M. Bernard sent te toast to" The workmen," with a letter, in which he said that he preferred taking to flight to being sent to Sainte Pdlagie to undergo the periods of imprisonment to which he has been sentenced for offences against the law on Clubs. A bouquet was placed on the tribune to mark his place, and after the banquet it was sent to him.

ITALY.—The Grand Duke of Tuscany repaired on the 23d February to Gaeta, and occupied the same inn of the Cicerone which lately sheltered the Pope.

Advices from Turin, of the 3d instant, state that 6,000 Austrian troops have entered Tuscany, with the object of reinstating the Grand Duke; and that the Provisional Government at Florence has demanded of the Pied- montese Government a counter-intervention. Letters from Sarzana, of the let instant, state that General La Marmora had entered Tuscany with a cavalry and artillery force.

Ausrma.—The accounts from Austria have long been so incomplete and contradictory that no clear notion can be gained of the progress of the civil contest in Hungary. Enough appears, however, to show that the Imperial arms have not been uniformly successful hitherto, and to raise a belief that the Magyars are now regaining ground at first voluntarily surrendered. ft is stated that the victory in which Bern was lately wounded was gained by him and not against him; that Dembinski is advancing towards Peath with large combined forces, and that the corps of General Schack on the North- ern frontier has been annihilated.

Reports come from several sources that Windischgratz and Jellachich do not act in unison; and that the Croats refuse to act against Hungary with- out better assurances that their own independence will not be invaded.

INDIA.—The highly interesting news brought by the Indian mail, last Saturday, reached us when our pages were all but closed; so that neither time nor space permitted more than the briefest indications of the che- quered fortunes of the war. We shall now endeavour to supply a more in- telligible narrative.

By the last previous advises from the Army of the Chenaub, Lord Gough was encamped at Janiki, about fourteen miles from the enemy, with an advanced corps under General Thackwell some two miles in front. On the 9th or 10th of January, he suddenly broke up his camp, and made a short march in the direction of the enemy. In his new position he was joined by an additional brigade of infantry; and, after a halt of two days, the whole force again advanced on the morning of the 12th to Dingbee, village about half-way between Sadulapore, where General Thackwelrs affair took place, and Moong, where the enemy were supposed to be intrench- ed. On thel3th the march was still continued in the same direction, and tha enemy's camp was partially in view. Shore Singh held with his right the villages of Lukhneewalla and Futteh Shah-Ke-Chuck; having the great body of his force at the village of Lollianwalla, with his left at RUB8001 on the Jhelum, stsongly oe,cupyin,g the Southern extremity of a low range of difficult hills, intersected by ravines, which extend nearly to that village. At about eleven o'clock, the. forge came upon one of the outposts of the enemy, and Was fired upon from "a low hare bill," above the rest of the jungle, Which, though in dense small patches, admitted of an easy passage. Ten heavy guns with three horse batteries were ordered-to the front to clear the ground: a service which they effected in a few minutes; the enemy retiring steadily, but leaving their tents standing. The force re- sumed its advance, and took possession of the hill; which was ascended by Lord Gough, with the object of viewing the enemy's position. It is stated by the accounts in the Indian papers that this position was perfectly concealed; the enemy's camp only being visible at three miles distance, on a rising ground separated from our force by a belt of jungle two miles deep. Up to this time, "it was intended," states the Delhi Gazette, "that itussool should be the point of our great attack; but the Commander-in- chief suddenly changed the plan of operations, brought up the right, and deployed his infantry line in front generally of the position at Moong; thus showing the Sikhs that their strong post at Rnssool was no longer threatened." No enemy being in sight, the order was given for marking out the British camp; and the colour-sergeants were engaged in this work, at two o'clock, when "a round shot or two, pitching close to the Corn- raander-in-chief, informed him that he had got within range of the enemy's guns." It is stated that this rough message irritated him to an extravagant degree; so that, instead of encamping, he in spite of the urgent :emen- d:tames of his staff gave immediate orders for a general assault. The army had marched in battle array, and the attack was instantly com- menced. About a hundred heavy guns occupied the centre of the British line, with Penny's brigade of infantry in its rear for a reserve. On the left were the infantry brigades of Pennyeuick and Brookes, under Briga- dier-General Campbell; and on the right those of Mountain and Godby, under Sir Walter Gilbert. The flanks were protected by cavalry brigades under Thackwell on the left and Pope on the right, strengthened by horse artillery; and field-batteries occupied the spaces between the infantry gades, and between them and the infantry and the flanking cavalry. A cannonade of an hour's duration preceded the infantry movements which commenced on the left. We again follow the Delhi Gazette. Brigadier-General Campbell's division was directed to make a flank movement; and in obeying the order, ex d its own flank to a dreadful cross-fire from Sikh batteries on the left, which not been observed; and on the third and fourth brigades ultimately reaching the guns, they were met by such a tremendous fire that they were obliged to retire with a loss, in her Majesty's Twenty-fourth Foot, more severe than any it has ever fallen to the lot of a regiment in India to suffer in the field. As soon as it was known that these two brigades were engaged, Mountain's brigade was sent against the centre of what was supposed to be the enemy's line: it advanced in the most undaunted manner through the jungle, in the face of a storm first of round shot then of grape which mowed down the offi- cers and men by dozens. They reached the guns, and spiked every one in front, with two others on the left which had opened a flank fire on them: but the Sikhs were no sooner deprived of their guns than they renewed such a fire with musket- ry, not only on the flank but in the rear of the brigade, as forced a retreat. In the mean time, Brigadier Godby, with Major-General Sir W. Gilbert as a leader, moved forward on the extreme right, and, after marching through dense jungle for some minutes, came upon the enemy's infantry: the brigade opened fire, but the enemy were in such numbers that they easily outflanked it. Two companies of the Second European Regiment were wheeled up, showed front, and the whole charged; but had not gone far when they found they were surrounded. They immediately faced right-about, kept up seine file-firing, and charged, rear-rank in front. At this juncture Dawes' battery came to the rescue; and having beaten off the enemy, their guns were taken. While the infantry was thus distinguishing itself, the cavalry on the right was hotly engaged. in defence of Campbell's distressed but successful left brigade. Bodies of Sikh cavalry made demonstra- tions on our left. General Thackwell directed a squadron of the Third Dragoons and Fifth Light Cavalry to charge them. The Light Cavalry turned and fled from the field! The Dragoons, under their gallant leader, Captain Unett, dashed through the Sikh wedge, and were for some time lost to sight. Presently the enemy were seen to yield forwards from a rearward impulse; the noble British squadron emerged from' their midst in a compact but diminished mass, and wheeled towards the British array: 46 of its men had fallen, and Captains Unett and Stisted bad been severely wounded. "The Cavalry on the extreme right, consisting of Brigadier Pope's force, with the Fourteenth Light Dragoons tempo- rarily attached, having been taken in advance of their Horse Artillery, were di- rected to charge a body of the enemy's cavalry, variously estimated at from 1,000 to 5,000. Instead of obeying the orders given them, they faced about, and, in spite of the energetic endeavours of their own and other officers, left the field, (with the exception of a body of the Ninth Lancers, who were rallied,) and made direct for the Artillery; on coming up to which, instead of pulling up, they dashed through Huish's and Christie'a troops, upsetting a waggon and some horses, and directing their course to the field-hospital. The enemy, seeing the advantage they had thus unaccountably insured, followed our cavalry, got amongst the horse-artillery, cut down no fewer than 73 gunners, who had, by the flight of the cavalry through their ranks, been deprived of the means of defending them- selves, and carried off six of the gnus, (two of which were subsequently reco- vered); and would have done much more harm, had not Colonel Lane been fortu- nately enabled to draw his troop out of the melee, and pour in grape so energeti- cally that the Goorchurras thought they had done enough, and fled." Such are the details of the battle of Chillianwallah, as given by the In- dian press; which frankly adds—" When the whole was over, the Com- mander-in-chief rode in among the troops, and was received with every demonstration of joy." By the last accounts, Lord Gough continued to occupy the same po- sition, though it was an unfavourable place for supplies as well as in other respects. The enemy were seen encamped at Russool, (they had abandoned Moong,) on a low range of hills, on the right flank and to the front of the British force. The river is behind the hills, and the Sikhs had a bridge over it. The Commander-in-chief had thrown up slight intrenchments to protect weak points. The force having been so terribly crippled by the action of the 13th, Lord Gough had directed Brigadier Wheeler's force to join him, and ordered up the Fifty-third Regiment from Lahore. It was not thought there would be any renewal of hostilities until reinforcements arrived. It is stated that Shere Singh had sent in two prisoners with of- fers of submission, if pardon and his estates were given him. Lord Gough replied with simple thanks for his kind treatment of prisoners. A despatch from Lord Gough to the Governor-General of India, dated the 16th January, was published in a Gazette Extraordinary on Saturday evening. It supplies Lord Gough's reason for awaiting no longer the ar- rival of the Mooltan reinforcements, and gives a somewhat different ac- count of the mode in which he went into action at Chillianwallah. Lord Gough states that Major Mackeson, the Political Agent in his camp, on the 10th January, announced in writing, the fall of Attock, and the'advance of,Chuttur &ugh. to jei/a WE (Teti Singh, already anioontiug-tio more than 30,000 Melt-11144.! jinkt.A.9 4 , eluded his anneuncselient with these words—" would urRe of your Lordship's finding yourself strong enough, wItly,tie arpuy, your command,' to strike, effectual blow_ at the enemy in our Went, the blow should be struck with the least passible delay." Lora Gough did' feel "perfectly cordpeteut to overthrow Shere Singh's army "; so he march- ed in the sudden manner already described. The purport of his despatch on the second point is, that Lord Gough did not attack in total ignorance of the' position; and the details he gives combat the charge of precipitation. Be was already before the 13th Janu- ary acquainted with the neighbourhood round the Sikh flanks, and he ob- tained a general view of the ground in front of the Sikh centre by ascend- ing the "low bare hill" already mentioned: the Sikh army was then drawn out in battle array; but he declined to fight till a reconnoissance. had ascertained better the position of the batteries masked in the jungle. This knowledge was unexpectedly revealed by the general cannonade, which was opened ia , reply to the ten heavy guns advanced by us to silence his horse-artillery. Lord Gough would seem, in fact, to imply that the Sikhs. had the power of forcing an engagement; for he says ".it was plain he meant to fight," and "it was probable that he would advance his guns so as to reach the encampment during the night." Our fire was commenced therefore, and in about an hoar it nearly silenced that of the enemy; "he was sufficiently disabled justifyap advance upon his posi- tion and guns." The detail's then 'even vary'frenr: those of the other ac- counts only in showing their plan and connexion. The misfortunes are ascribed to accident, or " misunderitanding of orders." In the advance of the left division; gays lie, "the two brave leaders Pennycuiek and Brookes waved their sword§ over their heads, as they cheered on their comrades "- and their action was mistaken for a signal to move in double time: " This-

unhappy

mistake led to the Europeans outstripping the native corps, which couldnot keep pace, and arriving completely blown at a belt of thicker jungle, where they got into some confusion." . . "In justice to this brigade, I must be allowed to state that they behaved heroically; and bat for their too hasty, and consequently disorderly advance, would have emu- lated the conduct of their left brigade; which, left unsupported for a time, had to charge to their front and right wherever an enemy appeared." The. affair of "the cavalry under General Pope, which were not so successful,' is attributed to "some order or misapprehension of all order"; and the general conduct of the troops, both Furopean and Native, under most try- ing circumstances, is declared to have been "worthy of the highest ad- miration." Lord Gough was informed that the loss of the Sikhs has been very great, and chiefly amongst their Old and tried soldiers.' "In no action do I remember seeing so many of an enemy's slain upon the same spacei. Schram perhaps only, excepted." Lord Cough's generalship in attacking the Sikhs so late in the day, with. such precipitation, and in a manner so disorderly, has been very severely censured by the Indian press; which, however, concedes that "a regular victory was gained, though at first it was doubtful."

List of Europeans Officers Killed, Wounded, or Missing.

[Prepared on the 17th January.].

General Staff-Brevet Major C. Ekins, Deputy Adjutant-General of the Army, killed ;. Brevet Major H. T. Tucker, Assistant Adjutant-General of the Army, contusion ; Lieu- tenant J. S. Paton, Deputy-Assistant Quartermaster-General, wounded, severely.

4th Troop 2d Brigade, Horse Artillery-Lieutenant J. A. Munson, killed.

3d Troop 2d Brigade, Horse Artillery-Brevet Major E. Christie, wounded, Very dan- gerously, since dead. ad Company lot Battalion Artillery-Captain M. Dawes, wounded. slightly; First Lieutenant C. S. Dundas, wounded, severely.

Her Majesty's 3d Light Dragoons-Captain IV. Unett, wounded, severely ; Lieutenant T. II. StIsted, wounded.

5th Regiment Light Cavalry-Lieutenant R. Christie, wounded, dangerously ; Lien- tenant A. P. C. Elliot, wounded, severely.

25 Cavalry Brigade Staff-Brigadier A. Tope, C.B., wounded, severely.

Her Majesty's 11th Light Dragoons-Lieutenant A. J. Cureton, killed ; Major C. Steuart, wounded.

6th Regiment Light Cavalry-Lieutenant A. M. Shepherd, killed ; Captain W. J. E. Boys, wounded; Lieutenant FL R. Grindley. wounded.

2d European Regiment-Lleutenant M. R. Nightingale, wounded, very severely; Lieutenant J. Bleaytnire„ wounded, slightly.

31st Regiment Native Infantry-Captain W. R. Dunmore, wounded, slightly.

Her Majesty's 29th Foot-Major M. Smith, slight contusion ; Lieutenant the Honour- able II. M. Monekton, wounded, severely ; Lieutenant H. T. Metge, wounded, very se- verely; Ensign G. H. Nevin, wounded, slightly.

30U1 Regiment of Native infantry-Captain W. H. Ross, killed ; Ensign A. C. de- Moral, killed ; Bt. Major M. F.. Leine, wounded, severely ; Captain W. C. Campbell, wounded, slightly; Captain R. S. Ewart, wounded, slightly ; Captain C. F. Fenwiek, wounded, very severely ; Captain J. Morrieson, wounded, slightly; Lieutenant H. Swinhoe, wounded, severely ; Ensign T. Pierce, wounded, slightly ; Ensign J. C. Wood, wounded, very severely ; Ensign W. F. Leicester, wounded, very severely.

56th Regiment of Native Infantry-Lieutenant W. W. Warde, killed ; Ensign F. W. Robhison, killed ; Major D. Bamileld, wounded, very severely, since dead ; Lieutenant W. C. Gott, wounded, slightly; Lieutenant L. B. Jones, wounded, severely ; Lieutenant F. V. R. Jervis, wounded, severely; Lieutenant J. H. Bacon. wounded, slightly ; Lieu- tenant J. NV. Delamain, wounded, severely, arm since amputated.

45th Regiment Native Infantry-Captain It. Haidaane. wounded, severely ; Lieute- nant J. Palmer, wounded, severely; Ensign M. H. Combe, wounded, slightly ; Ensign W. L. Trotter, wounded, badly.

Staff. 3d Infantry Division-Brigadier-General C. Campbell, C.B., wounded, slightly. Staff, 5th Infantry Brigade-Brigadier J. Penny, C.B. and A.R., killed; Captain C. It. Harris, Major of Brigade, killed.

Her Majesty's 24th Foot-Lieutenant-Colonel R. Brookes, killed ; Major H. W. liar- ris, killed ; Captain C. Lee, ktlled ; Captain J. S. Shore. killed ; Captain It. W. Travers, killed ; Lieutenant G. Phillips, killed ; Lieutenant 0. B. Payne, killed ; Lieutenant J.. A. Woodgate, killed ; Lieutenant W. Phillips, killed ; Ensign LI. C. B. Collis, anted; Ensign A. Pennycuick, killed ; Major H. Paynter, wounded, dangerously; Captain W.

G. Brown, wounded, slightly; Captain L. H. Bazalgette, wounded, severely ; Lieute- nant G. E. L. Williams wounded, dangerously; Lieutenant It. A. Croker, wounded, severely ; Lieutenant (. F. Berry, wounded, slightly ; Lieutenant J. B. Thelwall„ wounded, severely ; Lieutenant and Adjutant IV. Hartshorn, wounded. slightly ; Lieu- tenant A. J. Macpherson, wounded, severely ; Lieutenant J. H. Archer, her Majesty's 96th Regiment, wounded, slightly.

25th Regiment N. I.-Lieutenant A. Money, killed ; Lieutenant A. G. C. Sutherland,. wounded, slightly ; Lieutenant F. A. Jenne, wounded, slightly.

Staff, 6th Infantry Brigade-Brevet Captain A. B. Morris, OMelating Brigade major, wounded, slightly.

15th Regiment N. L-Lieutenant and Adjutant G. G. Anderson, wounded, severely; Lieutenant H. R. Shawe,wounded, slightly; Lieutenant W. 0. Ellice., wounded, slightly. 69th Regiment N. I.-Captain J. A. James, wounded, severely ; Lieutenant J. Nit3- bett. wounded, severely.

Her Majesty's 61st Foot-Captain J. Massey, wounded, severely ; Ensign J. Nagle, wounded, severely ; Ensign J. H. H. Parks, wounded, slightly. 36th Regiment N. I.-Captain F. A. Carleton, wounded, severely ; Lieutenant Inter- preter and Quartermaster A. N. Thompson, wounded, since dead ; Lieutenant and Ad- jutant C. S. Weston, wounded, severely ; Lieutenant J. D. Maguey, wounded. slightly ; Ensign F. J. S. Bagalmw, wounded, severely ; Ensign C. J. Godby. wounded, danger- ously. UNITED STATES.—The Niagara mail-steamer arrived at Liverpool on

Tuesday, with dates from Halifax to the 23d February. The Niagam

brings no political news of interest. Official accounts from California add further to the authentic news of the gold-discoveries: the whole quantity of gold taken from the mines is estimated by Captain Folsom at 4,000,000 dollars, of the fineness of about 3/. 4s. per ounce. But the gold-finding community had fallen into a frightful state—

"Not an arrival occurs from the North, South, or the interior, but notifies the commission of new acts of villany, which go unpunished. Within six weeks, more than twenty murders have occurred in a White population of less than 15,000 souls. The people are now acting in self-defence, and four or five days since three men were hung by Lynch law sixty miles from this place. It is of the last ina- portance that the distressing condition of California should be impressed upon those at Washington who have the power to apply a remedy. The people are now preparing to organize a provisional government : but should Congress give us a territorial organization at the present session, it will supersede the popular local organization now taking place, but which cannot go into effect before the ensuing month."

In passing the Gulf of St. Lawrence on her outward voyage, the Niagara entered an enormous field of ice. After going some twenty miles, it was found impossible to proceed further; and for a short time some apprehen- sion was felt that the steamer could not be readily extricated from her pri- son; but after an effort of an hour's delay she was got round, and retraced her road through the ice. She received no injury, except in the breaking of several of her paddle-floats, which considerably retarded her speed for the rest of the voyage.