forttgit aub oluntal.

Fraure.—The question of Congress or no Congress still occupies the purveyors of news. Mr. Reuter, the agent who collects telegrams, fur- nished on Wednesday the following "extract from &letter" received at his office.

Paris, Monday, January 9.

"In the month of August last, when the Conference of Zurich threatened to be dissolved, the English Cabinet proposed to the French Government to come to a sireeral agreement betweeu France and England for the settlement of the affairs of Centel Italy.

"Count Walewski, in order to prevent the proposal of Lord John Russell being accepted, tendered his resignation, which was, however, withdrawn on the publication of a note in the lioniteur of the 9th of September last in favour of the restoration of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. " The object of Lord Cowley's journey to London is to resume the nego- tiations which had been interrupted.

"The dismissal of Count Walewski was already decided upon when Lord Cowley left Paris after the reception on New Year's Day ; but it is prema- ture to assert that his Lordship has been the bearer of certain proposals as the basis of an agreement between France and England, either in the form of a protocol or of a treaty. " There is for the present no other negotiation going on than to resolve upon a basis which might become the point of departure for negotiations with the other great Powers, England having always recognized the prin- ciple that the territorial arrangements of 181ecould only be modified with the consent of the other great Powers."

According to a telegram from Vienna, dated Tuesday, "the Austrian Government had ordered Prince Metternich to declare to the French Cabinet that it would decline to enter into negotiations on any other basis than the agreement of Villafranca or the treaty of Zurich. Let- ters from Rome, it is said, express an opinion that the Congress will not assemble. Other writers say that Austria and Rome had not absolutely declined to enter Congress.

Reports of the departure of the Duke de Grammont from Rome have been several times repeated. It was said that General Gum would leave Rome and that Canrobert would replace him ; but the Petrie states that Canrobert goes to Nancy.

The Emperor, accompanied by the Prince of Orange, reviewed some troops in the court of the Tuileries on Tuesday. The Prince Imperial and his mother were present.

The English in Paris, where the Reverend Archer Gurney offi- ciates, has been closed by the Minister of Public Worship. It had been open since 1857, of course with the consent of the Government. Three months ago, Mr. Gurney determined to have a service in French to meet the wants of his Anglo-French congregation. For three months this service continued ; but on Saturday officers were sent to close the church. By great exertions on the part of Mr. Gurney and Mr. William Grey, charge d'affaires in Lord Cowley's absence, permission was obtained from M. Rouland, the Minister, to keep the church open for the follow- ing Sunday only, but on condition that the French service should be given up. Mr. Gurney has appealed from the Minister direct to the Emperor.

hi I 11.—The effects of the Gueronniere pamphlet upon the Roman Court are now widely known. It is said that Sacconi the Nuncio sent proof-sheets to Rome, so that the pamphlet was known there as soon as it was in Paris. Hence the immediate demand for explanations, the fre- quent councils held by the Pope, and the acrimonious interviews between him and the Duke of Grammont. On the 28th of December, it is re- ported, the Cardinals adopted the following resolves :—

" 1. Suspension of the departure of Cardinal Antonelli for Paris until the temporal rights of the Church were recognized as the basis of all discussion in the Congress. "2. Immediate increase of the Papal army for the defence of the States of the Church.

"3. Publication of a solemn declaration, condemning the pamphlet Is Tape et le Congrs."

'The article in the Giornale di Roma on the 29th satisfied the third re- solve. But the Pope went further. The lioniteur of Wednesday de- scribes what subsequently took place. " We republish from the Giornale di Roma, of the 3d of this month, an allocution pronounced on the first day of the year by the Holy Father, in reply to the congratulations which were offered hint by the General Count Guoyon, Commander-in-Chief of the French division in the Pontifical States; at the head of the officers of that division."

" ' Monsieur he G4neral—If every year we have received with pleasure the good wishes which you have presented to us in the name of the brave officers and of the army which you so worthily command, these good wishes are doubly dear to us this day, on account of the succession of exceptional events which has taken place, and because you assure us that the French division in the Pontifical States is placed there for the defence of the rights of Catholicism. May God bless you then—you and the whole French Army ! May He likewise bless all classes of that generous nation ! "'Prostrating ourselves at the feet of that God who was, is, and shall be throughout eternity, we implore Him in the humbleness of our heart-to shed down abundantly His blessings and His light on the august chief of that army and that nation, in order that being gtuded by that light he may walk safely in his difficult path, and more than this, perceive the falsity of certain principles which have been put forth in these latter days in an st opuseale" which may be termed a signal monument of hypocrisy, and an

ignoble tissue of contradictions. We hope that with the aid of that light, nay, more, we are persuaded that with the aid of that light he will. con- demn the prineiples contained in that " °pinwale " : we are the more con- vinced of this, because we possess certain documents which some time ago his Majesty had the goodness to send to us, and which are a veritable con- demnation of those principles. It is with this conviction that we implore God to shed His blessings on the Emperor, on his august Consort, on the Prince Imperial, and on the whole of France.'

"This allocution would, perhaps, not have been pronounced, if his Holiness had previously received the letter which his Majesty the Em- peror addressed to him on the 31st of December, and the text of which we give below :—

" Most Holy Father—The letter which your Holiness was so good as to write to me on the 2d December has touched me deeply, and I shall reply with perfect frankness to the appeal to my loyalty.

"'One of my greatest anxieties, both during and since the war, has been the situation of the States of the Church ; and truly, among the powerful reasons which induced me to make peace so promptly, must be reckoned the fear of seeing the revolution acquire every day greater proportions. Facts have an inexorable logic, and in spite of my devotionto the Holy See, in spite of the presence of my troops at Rome, I could not escape from being implicated to a certain extent in the effects of the national movement excited in Italy the struggle against Austria. ,s soon as peace was concluded, I hastened to write to your Holiness, and to submit to you the ideas best adapted, in my opinion, to bring about the pacification of the Romagnas ; and I still think that if at that time your Holiness had consented to an administrative separation of those provinces and to the nomination of a lay governor, they would have returned to your authority. Unhappily that did not take place, and I have found myself powerless to arrest the establishment of the new nigime. My efforts have had no further result than to prevent the insurrection from spreading, and the resignation of Garibaldi has preserved the Marches of Ancona from cer- tain invasion.

"'Now the Congress is going to assemble. The powers could not dis- regard the incontestable rights of the Holy See over the Legations ; never- theless, it is probable that they will be in favour of not haring recourse to violence in order to bring them to submission. For, if that submission were obtained by the aid of foreign troops, another long-continued military occu- pation of the Legations would be necessary. Such an occupation would foster the hatreds and the animosities of a great portion of the Italian people, as well as the jealousy of the great powers ; it would, in fact, per- petuate a state of irritation, of uneasiness, and of fear. " What, then, remains to be done—for it is clear that this uncertainty cannot last for ever? After a serious examination of the difficulties and the dangers which the different combinations presented—I say it with sincere regret, and however painful the solution may be—what seem to me most in accordance with the true interests of the Holy See, would be to make a sacrifice of the revolted provinces. If the Holy Father, for the repose of Europe, were to renounce those provinces which for the last fifty years have caused so much embarrassment to his Government, and were in exchange to demand from the powers that they should guarantee him possession of the remainder, I do not doubt of the immediate restoration of order. Then the Holy Father would assure to grateful Italy peace during long years, and to the Holy See the peaceful possession of the States of the Church. " ' Your Holiness, I am delighted to believe, will not misunderstand the sentiments which animate me ; you will comprehend the difficulty of my situation ; you will interpret kindly the frankness of my language, remem- bering all that I have done for the catholic religion and for its august chief. " ' I have expressed all my thoughts without reserve, and I have thought it indispensable to do so before the Congress. But I beg your Holiness, whatever may be your decision, to believe that it will in no respect change the line of conduct which I have always observed in regard to you. " Thanking your Holiness for the apostolic blessing which you have sent to the Empress, to the Prince Imperial, and to me, I renew to you the as- surance of my profound veneration. •

"'Your Holiness's devoted son, NAPOLEON. " Palace of the Tuileries, Dec. 31, 1859.' " The Pope, hearing of Count Walewskr s retirement, declared to his Car- dinals that he would never fail in the mission -which God had intrusted to him, and that, like his predecessor Pius VII., he would rather suffer exile, and even martyrdom.

Garibaldi's presence in Turin gave rise to the rumour that he was to be made Inspector-General of the National Guard ; but the rumour proved unfounded. On the 1st of January Brofferio gave a banquet in Garibaldi's honour, and the General thus spoke to the crowd outside from the balcony of the hotel Trombella- " I respectfully present myself before the people of the capital, the people that has kept alive the spark of independence. To this people, the father as it were of our country, I say that this spark, preserved by it, casts the most vivid light over all the Italian provinces, now resolved on bringing to an end the work it sketched out. Some persons have said that in the pro- vinces of Italy the enthusiasm of 1843 and 1849 no longer existed. I, who come from them, and throughly know those populations, assure you that those persons were mistaken. Should foreigners wish to concern themselves again with our affairs, you would see what the patriotism of the Italians can do. For the rest, how can we doubt the destinies of a country when this land possesses a man named Victor Emmanuel, the true providence of Italy ? Victor Emmanuel and the Italian people will only stop when the whole of Italy shall be free !'

"Loud applause followed, and cries of 'Long live Garibaldi!' 'Long live the King ! " Long live Italy!' ' Long live Cavour !

Garibaldi had been induced to accept the presidency of a society called the Nazione Armata, but at the request of the Ministry and the King he dissolved the society, and published the following proclamation "To the Italians" :— "Summoned by some of my friends to try the part of conciliator between all the fractions of the Italian Liberal party, I was invited to accept the

presidency of a society to be called the Armed Nation.But, as the armed Italian nation is a fact that terrifies everything dis-

loyal, corrupting, and tyrannical, whether in Italy or out of it, the crowd of modern Jesuits has become alarmed, and cried out 'Anathema!'

"The Government of the gallant King has been importuned by the alarmists, and in order not to compromise it I have decided on abandoning the noble object proposed to us.

"With the unanimous assent of all the members of the society, I declare, then, the Society of the Armed Nation dissolved, and I invite every Italian that loves his country to assist by his subscription towards the acquisition of a million muskets. If, with a million muskets, Italy, in presence of the foreigner, should be incapable of arming a million soldiers, we should have to despair of humanity. Let Italy arm, and she will be free."

He left Turin on the 5th for Fino, near the Lake of Como, passing on his way through Milan. The theatres of Venice, no longer visited by the people, have been closed by the authorities.

It is stated in a telegram from Rome that the Duke de Grammont has requested to be relieved of his functions as French Ambassador at the Papal Court.

riltalt11.—The Prussian Chambers were opened on Thursday by the Prince Regent- " The Royal Speech mentions the events of European importance which have lately taken place, and states thatafter the conclusion of peace Prussia, on the joint invitation of France and Austria, had declared her readiness to take part in a Congress to deliberate on the proper means for the paci- fication of Italy and the durable consolidation of her internal affairs. " The Royal Speech then recalls the manifestation of the desire for a re- form of the Federal Constitution, and says- " C Prussia will always consider herself the natural representative of the effort (Streben) for increasing the strength of the nation and efficaciously promoting German interests in general. The Prussian Government wishes that the action of the Federal Diet should, in its relations with the Consti- tution of the separate States, be confined within the strictest limits of com- petent intervention. Prussia therefore thinks it her duty, in reference to the constitution of Electoral Hesse, to recommend the reestablishment of the constitution of 1831, after removing all the articles which may be con- trary to the Federal Pact, as being in accordance with that principle.' " The Prince Regent further said that, united with his German con- federates, he was constantly endeavouring to obtain for the German pro- vinces of Denmark a legitimate constitution, conformable to the recognized common law of the country, and to have the interregnum settled in a satis- factory manner. "The projects of law to be submitted to the Chambers related to the question of the land-tax, the provincial representation, the limitation of the electoral districts, matrimonial rights, general liability to military service, and the financial measures connected therewith.

"In conclusion the Prince Regent said- " It is not the intention of the Government to violate the bequest of a great period. " "rhe Prussian army will in future be also the Prussian people in arms.' "

k an .—The sentence passed upon Zsedenyi at Kasehau was erroneously reported by the telegraph. The sentences passed were these : M. de Zsedenyi, aulic councillor M. Charles Mashy, Protestant mini- ster at Bela ; and M. Palkovy, professor at Sarospatak, have been seve- rally condemned as follows :—M. Zsedenyi, four months' simple im- prisonment; M. Maday, two months ; and M. Palkovy,four months' impri- sonment of a severer kind. The offence of which they stand convicted in that of having, with bad faith, resisted the execution of the law of the 1st of September 1859, and the Ministerial ordinance of September 2.

The Szeklers of Transylvania have refused to pay taxes. Two of the deputation of students who carried a petition to Vienna praying for the restoration of the Hungarian language in the University of Pesth have been expelled, and the rest reprimanded. The death of Lord Macaulay created a great sensation in Pesth. The National Academy appointed the gentleman who translated his history into Hungarian to pronounce an eulogium on his character. Lord Macaulay was a corresponding member of the Academy. That learned body has determined to have a building of its own. Joseph Kunst, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Ka- locsa has subscribed 500/. This is another national demonstration.

31111T urru.—After the smart combat at Castillijos, mentioned last week wherein the Spaniards lost some 500 killed and wounded, the whole army moved to its left along the road to Tetuan. They continued their ad- vance, and in the valley Negro were assailed by a small Moorish force, relatively strong in cavalry, whom they beat off. The next news that we hear of them is that they had defiled through the passes, and had en- camped to the north of the valley Negro. There the intelligence leaves them consulting what should be done. They are now beyond the reach of the telegraph. The had weather has proved a severe enemy to the Spaniards, and it was anticipated that it would grow worse rather than improve.

Details of the action at Castellijos on the 1st of January have arrived. The Spanish General moved out with 22,000 men on the road to Tetuan. At first he met with little resistance but the cavalry, two squadrons of hussars, mistaking an order, charged the whole Moorish force, followed them into a defile, and were roughly handled by a front and flank fire. After this dashing exploit, Prim led his corps forward against the Moors, but met with a stout resistance, and O'Donnell had to sustain him with reinforcements. At night both parties retired. It is stated that the Spaniards were on the 11th within a league of Tetuan.

RUH fit §fah.—The America arrived at Liverpool on Tuesday, bringing advices from New York to the 28th of December.

The House had not chosen a Speaker, Mr. Sherman, at the last di- vision, being still within four votes of success ; but the President having sent in his annual Message, the House resolved that it should be laid on the table. The Message was made public, and the America brought copies of it. A fire in New York, breaking out in Fulton and Beckman Streets, had destroyed property worth a million of dollars. At Bolivar in Missouri, the Negroes had broken out, but this petty in- surrection was soon put down.

The report of the Secretary of the Navy shows that the cost of the Navy for the year ending June, 1861, will be 11,234,845 dollars 63 cents. The Navy has been increased by twenty vessels during Mr. Buchanan's tenure of office. The Secretary recommends further additions. The nominal strength of the Army, according to the Secretary of War, is 18,165 ; the effective is 17,498, of which only 11,000 are available for field service. He recommends the enlistment of a mounted corps. In- stead of increasing fortifications, he proposes to rely upon earthworks thrown up to meet an emergency. The manufacture of rifled cannon is suspended. The debt of the United States, which in 1858 was 25,155,977 dollars, is now 45,155,977 dollars. Beside this there is a floating debt of 20,000,000 of dollars' Governor Wise has come out more strongly than ever, having found an unofficial occasion on which he might speak without any reserve.

Two hundred of the Southern medical students in Philadelphia had arrived at Richmond by the railway, and they were met at the depot by

the Faculty of the Medical College. An immense crowd was assembled in front of the Executive Mansion ; and as the procession which escorted the scholars arrived in front of that building there was a general cheer-

ing for Governor Wise, who made an oration. The members of both Houses of the Legislature, says the .Neu' York Herald, were present and

joined warmly in the applause. The speech is far too long ; it is summed

up in the heading of the Herald Richmond correspondent—" He threatens war upon England for allowing Canada to be a refuge for such men as

Brown; he will not go out of the Union, but will drive the Abolitionists out," &e. &c. All we can do is to pick some of the best flavoured plums out of the Wise pudding.

"The real groundwork of dissension in this country, the real cause, the real root of the disease, is the foreign influence of Great Britain. Your in-

ternal commerce, your exports and imports, the constant intercourse be- tween New En-laid and Old England beget a sympathy between Old and New England stronger, I sometimes fear, than the sympathy which New England feels for us. And whenever New English fanaticism joins with Old English intolerance in an effort to dissolve this Union—any effort like that of which John Brown was the instrument—New England and Old England combined shall not avail to drive me from the Union. No! with God's help we will drive all the disuniouists together back into Canada." "Fred Douglass, the fugitive Negro—Fred Douglass that came with John Brown's party as far South as Chambersburgh, Pennsylvania, and then fled back to Canada ; this Negro has published his proclamation against

Governor Wise. (Laughter and applause.) He has said that he has no idea of going back to New York or Pennsylvenia, for fear that Governor 'Wise through Federal agents will bag him. (Laughter.) I will never put my hemp in the form of a bag for him ; it shall be in the shape of a rope. (Laughter.) And he thinks he is safe when he is in Canada. It would be

with an aching heart, it would be with a wild fever passion, that I could be forced to strike against the bosom of my own countrymen of New England, New York, Pennsylvania, or Ohio, but if I could only be relieved from that

struggle I would gladly take the alternative of a war with England. (Ap- plause.) My heat would leap to that alternative like a bridegroom to his chamber. (Applause.) Fred Douglass says that he is bound for England.

Let him. Oh! if I had had one good, long, low, black, rakish, well-armed steamer to Hampton roads, I would have placed her on the Newfoundland banks, with orders that if she found a British packet with that Negro on

board to take him. (nemendous applause.) And by the eternal Gods, he should have been taken—taken with very particular instructions not to hang him before I had the privilege of seeing him well hung. (laughter and applause.) Then, then, if Queen Victoria called upon my prince, Mr. Buchanan"—the remainder of this sentence was lost ir. the applause]— "Go to the library in that Capitol and ask for the last London Punch.

Look at the last page. I hope the members of the Legislature have seen it.

There is in the air a black eagle—that is the South—and a white eagle— that is the North—and they are fighting in the air above this English print.

The black eagle is held by a talon grasping his vitals, and the beak of the white is upon his head. He is under the white, and falling. Below is a lion, with his claws clutching an elk, but his attention is drawn from his prey, and he is looking up at the war between the eagles, and underneath

as the single word watch.' It is the most significant photograph that could be presented to the eyes of the American people. The North and the

South—the black and white eagles—are set by foreign influence beak and bill and talons fighting each other, while the British lion waits over his own prey for them to fall."

" I appeal to the President of the United States to remember that so sure as there is a war between the black and white eagles, the lion is watching, and I would call upon him to notify the British Government that their asylum of fugitives from labour and from justice shall not be allowed to foster dissension and disunion in the United States. (Applause.) That is the true policy, and that will save this country. (Applause.) You will be a nation yet united. (Applause.)

The American bark Orian, seized at the mouth of the Congo River on the 21st April last, by Commander Thomas W. Brent, of the U. S. sloop Marian, was condemned in the United States District Court at New York before Judge Hall, on the 26th of December last, as a slaver. It was clearly proved that she had been fitted for her voyage, and sailed from New York.

Several years ago President Buchanan invested 4000 dollais, the in- terest of which is annually disbursed in the purchase of fuel for "poor and indigent females" in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The annual distribu- tion took place last week, and the Lancaster papers report a large num- ber of worthy and deserving claimants.— York (Pennsylvania) Gazette.