joretgn anti 421olonial.

FRANCE.—President Louis Napoleon has made a second provincial tour, and met with incidents of even less encouraging character than on the last occasion; though in a general way he seems to make himself accept- able and popular. On Saturday he visited Rouen, and enjoyed a cordial re- ception. The fatigue of the ceremonies, and exposure to inclement weather, brought on an attack of illness, and his physician advised a re- turn to Paris: however, he persevered in his progress to Havre the hope of as good a reception by that important town as he received from Rouen being too strong an inducement to resist. The clergy and some 50,000 persons had assembled, and many of the houses were decorated with triumphal wreaths: but it was noticed that the cries raised by the populace were of very various sorts—" Vive le President," "Vive Napoltion," "Vive l'Empereur," (some old Imperial Guard's souvenir,) and "Vive le Rol" The last cry is said to have been raised in irony, but to have surprised the unwary and fickle mob into applause. There was, however, a preponder- ance of "Vive la Rapublique." The National Guard having been reviewed and the sports of a regatta witnessed, a grand dinner was given to the President, in the Hotel de Ville; M. Bertin, the Deputy-Mayor, acting as host. M. Bertin proposed the President's health, in a speech concluding with a very palpable innuendo- " The elder brother of European states, the country has attained its political majority. It feels strong enough to govern itself, and the Republic has therefore the reason of existence. In the actual state of France, in the force of its political, scientific, agricultural, manufacturing, and commercial genius, the nation has the greatest need for hastening, but with prudence, all the successive and regular de- velopments contained in the constitution. These developments can only result from order and obedience to the laws. We have seen with happiness, Monsieur Is President, that your firm will was to maintain the one by insuring the other. We cannot doubt that your high influence will give to your government a very active impulsion in all these developments. You have guaranteed to us that in- surrections have no chance of success. We hope so. You will not safer either Flat any political party should attempt an impossible dynastic insurrection. Be the first regular foufider of the French Republic. Let the love of France be your crown, and your glory will be immortal. Washington had no other, and his raa- mory will be eternal. Long live the President of the Republic!"

The President replied to this allusion by taking no notice of it: he said simply- " I regret exceedingly, gentlemen, not being able to thank you as I could wish for year kind reception. Permit me, in a few words, to propose as a toast, 'The town of Havre and the prosperity of its commerce.' The population of this town will be convinced every day, more and more, that there is no prosperity for com- merce without order and stability. No, without order and stability, there can be no public prosperity. Gentlemen, I drink to the town of Havre."

He returned to Paris without meeting any further incident. Since his return, he has imid a severe relapse of the illness which commenced at Rouen; and it would appear that he had suffered a regular attack of cholera, which even threatened his life. "Ho was taken alarmingly ill about two o'clock on Tuesday afternoon; he was immediately put to bed, and the proper antidotes were administered. At eight o'clock he was rather better, but still not out of danger." At ten on Wednesday morn- ing it was announced, that he had so far recovered that he would "go to mass."

The French Legitimists are getting up a grand demonstration in favour of Henry the Fifth, which is to come off at Ems. It is said that a great number of the leaders of the party are preparing to make a pilgrimage to that celebrated watering-place, similar to the former pilgrimage to Bel- grave Square.

M. Guizot has announced himself as a candidate for the functions of member of the Council-General of the department of Calvados.

The Archbishop of Paris has addressed a long letter to the Foreign Minister on the subject of Venice, in which he characterizea the terms of surrender insisted on by Austria as intolerable; and he asks- " Can France, can civilized Europe, permit them to be imposed? France is powerful, and may use lofty language, when, apart from all private interests, she makes herself the defender of the weak and the oppressed. It is a part which becomes France, and, in my opinion, England also. If these two Powers were to act in concert in the matter, would Austria, notwithstanding her known obsti- nacy, long resist? Would she threaten war? Would she seek to make fresh enemies, when she finds so much difficulty in resisting those which she already bas?"

Irkrar.—At Rome reaction has set in with a full tide, and has already raised a feeling of desperate irritation. On the 3d instant, General Oudinot formally surrendered into the hands of the Pope's three Commissioners, the Cardinals Della Genga, Vanicelli, and Altieri, the entire civil adminis- tration of the country, reserving only the care of the public security, and the authority required by the exceptional military situation established by the decree of the 4th July. The first acts of the Commission were astounding: in two decrees, dated that same 3d of August, they dissolved all the provincial municipalities; restored the tribunals subverted by the late Provisional Government, and dissolved those established in their stead; dismissed all public servants appointed by that power, and restored the old employes; issued a commission of inquisition into the character and conduct of public bodies; and decreed that the Omer of the illegitimate power should be cur- rent at a depreciation of 35 per cent. General Oudinot strenuously op- posed the publication of the decrees, and prevented their issue for some hours; but immediately after his departure for Gaeta, whither he set out to have a personal interview with the Pope, the measures were publicly notified and declared in actual operation.

The populace were exasperated to a high pitch by the attack made on every person, rich or poor, who held the inconvertible paper of the Repub- lican Government. The military force was called out, and guns and ar- tillery were posted in the principal squares and streets.

A correspondent of the Times, who signs " A. B." but encloses his ad- dress to the editor, announces the revival of the Inquisition--

, " Dr. Giacinto Achihli, an eminent Italian theologian, who has been for five years an avowed Protestant, and is well known as such to thousands of British Christians of all wiles, has been thrown into the dungeons of the Inquisition. At eleven o'clock on the night of the 30th of July, (and therefore before General Ondinot had made over the government to the Cardinals,) Dr. Achill was arrested by three men in plain clothes, and is now in one of the secret cells of the reestatthshed Holy Office. They stated that they apprehended him by the authority of the French Prefect. It is, however, since ascertained that they were emissaries of the Vicar-General of Rome, Cardinal Patrizi, who had just returned to the city. Dr. Achilli had never meddled in politics: I have recent letters from him, stating that he neither had nor would do so."

The Concordia of Turin supplies some account of Garibaldi's escape: it is written at Ravenna, on the 4th instant—

"Having arrived at San Marino, and seeing the impossibility of continuing his march to the Adriatic with the whole of his troops, Garibaldi made choice of the most compromised among them, and directed the remainder to send a deputation to Rimini to make their submission. By this means, he diverted the attention of the Austrians from his own movements, and succeeded in gaining Cesenatieo with 300 men, through an almost impenetrable country. His wife preceded hire with a sort of vanguard: when at Cesenatico, she placed advanced sentinels, directed barricades to be constructed with carts, &c., on the high-roads. While they were embarking, a carrettella arrived from Ravenna with a Croatian cor- poral and a soldier, who were taking two or three sacks of shoes to the army. Garibaldi thanked them for the shoes, which he said he wanted very badly; and then told them they had better go with him, as if they returned to their corps they would be severely punished. Garibaldi was the last to embark: as his boat was in too shallow water, ha waded into the sea, and pulled it out with his own hands. An English Colonel was with him. An hour after the departure of Garibaldi, General Gorzkowski arrived at Cesenatieo with 500 men: finding he came too late, he set out immediately for 'Bologna in a chaise and four. Gari- baldi's flotilla having reached the open sea, fell in with a large vessel sail- ing under American colours, where his son was said to be: they joined her, and pursued their coarse to Venice. A rumour was current that Garibaldi at- tempted to board an Austrian brig, but was beaten off, and lost four boats." A proclamation has been published at Bologna, declaring that whoever should assist the fugitives would be punished by martial law.

The Republican& of Lugano quotes a letter from Verona of the 5th, stating that seventeen large and small vessels have been sent out from Venice to pick up Garibaldi and his men.

The Venetians freely scour the main land with 800 infantry and 600 horse, and collect an immense quantity of provisions and oxen.

AUSTRIA.— The accounts from Vienna magnify beyond its first importance the results of the sortie made by Klapka from Comorn. It is stated that Au- lich has come up from the South side of the Balaton Lake, and effected a junction with the already large garrison under Klapka; and that in addi- tion to occupying Raab they have ritoccupied Buda, so as completely to destroy the basis of Ilaynau's line. It-is certain that communications have been closed between Buda and Vienna ever since the sortie.

Haynau has entered Szegedin the Magyar forces nowhere opposing him with determination; and he has pushed a small force across the Theiss on his left, and thrown out his right in the direction of the forces under the Ban in the South and General Nugent in the South-west.

From the North the accounts are meagre, but they still tend in favour of the Magyars. Georgey has had a three-days battle, or series of engage- ments, with the various bodies which pursued him under Grabbe, Ost- Sacken, and other commanders; and the result is, that he now occupies a strong position South-west of Miscolz and not far West of the Theiss,- nearly the one lately occupied by General Paskievicz himself, in his move- ment from Waitzen before he crossed the Theiss. The accounts convey no definite impression either of the actions fought or the positions now occupied: but the general result is that Georgey has still a large army, on the line of the Russian operations between the Dnkla pass and Buda; and that Paskie- vicz has gone completely away from that army to occupy Debreczin, and deal with a new army of 50,000 men, which, we now learn for the first time, is encamped behind Debreczin as a guard to Gros Wardein, the great armoury and store-factory of the Magyar nation. The winter season will soon commence in the swampy plains of the Theiss; and if some great de- cisive action be not gained by the Imperialists, the year's campaign will have had simply the effect of organizing the Magyar armies and furnishing them with arms and stores captured from their opponents.

It is said that immediately after the capture of Raab by Klapka's sortie,- the Prince of Schwarzenberg set out for Warsaw to see the Emperor of Russia, and impress on him the necessity of a more united course of action between the Austrian and Russian commanders and armies.

There are reports that the young Emperor and the Minister Krauss are disposed to treat with Hungary; but are opposed by the Archdutchess Sophia and the Prince Schwartzenberg. It is even said that differences rose so high on one occasion that the Emperor was buffeted by his mother, in the presence of his Ministers! The latest accounts report a battle between Paskievicz and Dembinski, which lasted' four days, and resulted in the complete rout and disorgani- zation of the Russian army. These engagements are said to have been fought at Gros Wardein; and there is sufficient concurrence of reports to render them probable.

Care os GOOD Hons.—Papers from Cape Town, to the 16th June,. have been received; and their contents are very interesting. The session of the Legislative Council was opened on the 15th June, by Mr. Mon- tagu, the Governor being unwell. The subject of Earl Grey's proposal to, send felons to the colony was brought forward by Mr. Ebden; and was under discussion when a message arrived from the Government House, an- nouncing the receipt of despatches from Lord Grey on the 14th. These. despatches contained instructions as to the receipt of the convicts, which were imperative and which Sir Harry Smith considered to leave him nn alternative but Obedience. After the reading of these papers the whole question was resumed; and the opinion of every member of the Council was unreservedly avowed. It appeared that every member of the Council!, official as well as non-official, including the Governor himself, bad been from the first decidedly hostile to this measure. They condemned and deplored it. A crowded audience applauded.

The Governor's last despatch to Earl Grey was read, and it formed a fitting crown to the general manifestation of opinion. Sir Harry Smith speaks with remarkable earnestness and directness.

"The colonists were violently opposed to the introduction of these convicts, having ever been most strongly hostile to the Cape becoming a penal settlement to any shape; a measure which they strenuously resisted in the time of Lord Stanley, and again in that of Lord John Russell, who both conceded the point to teem They relied with confidence, after your Lordship's offer to send out these raw as a boon, that it was a step which would never without their consent be resorted to. Your Lordship, however, without waiting for a reply to this de- spatch, proceeded to can out the proposition; and, although almost immediately afterwards the adverse opinion of myself and of the colonists reached your Lord- ship, various addresses to her Majesty, to your Lordship, and to myself, being at the same time forwarded, it appears that your Lordship is still resolved on en- forcing this obnoxious measure, and that the Neptune transport may shortly be expected to arrive in this colony.

This, my Lord, places me in a most delicate and painful position. Having

Lordship's myself in the Legislative Council, to the colonists, upon the base of your Lordship's despatch of the 7th August 1848, they naturally look to me to fulfil that pledge, which it is now out of my power to do; and they have consequently sent up numerous memorials and addresses from every part of the colony—from the Lord Bishop of Cape Town, from the various ministers and congregations of the Dutch Reform Church and its Synod, and indeed from every religious persuasion.

. In fact, my Lord, the inhabitants of the whole colony are so irritated and excited upon the subject, that they have resisted and are resisting this measure by mu constitutional means within their power."

Sir Harry recalls the argument used by Lord Grey in Parliament, that" as the Mother-country had so liberally bestowed 1,000,0001. upon the Cape for the ex- penses of the Keflr war, she was entitled to require from it a service which might be rendered without injury to its interests"; and adds—" This was an argument to which I equally resorted in the Legislative Council, when I advocated the re- ceipt of the Irish rebels; which I did most strenuously, for I was very desirous to inset the views of Government on this perplexing subject." He recalls the state of the colony when he was sent out to administer it, and compares with that state its present flourishing condition; and he says that he attributes that condition to Lord Grey's measures, and to his uncompromising support of Sir Harry's bold unprecedented policy. But "I am now, my Lord, placed in that painful position which I did not anticipate, consequent upon your Lordship's despatch of the 7th of August 1848. I therefore hope with some confidence, that your Lordship will, upon the receipt of this despatch, and its numerous accompanying memorials and ad- dresses, as per schedule annexed, marked No. 5, revoke a decision which renders the colony a penal one."

Adverting to the boon of a free representative government, just bestowed on the Cape colonists, Sir Harry continued—" It is unbecoming in me to point out to a statesman of your Lordship's ability and experience, how much the flourishing state of the colony would be interrupted by the receipt at one and the same mo- ment of this representative form of government—an event which, if unalloyed, would diffuse universal satisfaction—and of a body of convicts, the precursors of more, who would render it a penal settlement; the rights and privileges of British subjects being upheld in the one case and invaded in the other."

In eonclusion, Sir Harry indicates the danger of the measure, in reference to the extent of the country, its scattered population, and small machinery for re- pressing crime; and be gives an illustrative anecdote. "Some months ago, two convicts made their escape from New South Wales in a small trader; were landed in this colony without reference to the authorities, for which the captain was fined in due course of law 501.; and, being enterprising and daring villains, have, with great cunning and acuteness, committed some of the most incredibly enormous excesses, some in Cape Town, some in the increasing village of Rondebosch, only -five miles from it, where no one previously thought of ever fastening his windows or door. Up to this date these two villains have evaded apprehension, although they would be readily recognized by many whom they have robbed. They never took anything but money, of which they must have amassed a considerable sum. I am therefore induced to believe that they have escaped from the colony." The proceedings of every circuit judge show that grave crime has been for some time past on the decrease; an additional reason "for not exposing to pernicious ex- ample and contamination a society which is thus clearly progressing in the scale of morality, at the very period too when a check to its present improving state might be irreparable."

Mr. Ebden moved a resolution expressing the opinion of the Council in opposition to the measure, as injurious, and tending to alienate the affec- tions of the people from her Majesty's Government. For this all voted with the exception of Mr. Montagu and Mr. Rivers, who merely objected to the second clause of the resolution; being satisfied, however, that their sentiments on the measure itself could not now be misunderstood.

As to the convicts, they will be received by the Colonial Government, as Sir Harry Smith deems his duty to be plain, and he will allow no minor considerations to turn him aside from its performance; but in his message to the Council he gives some consolation- " The despatches which accompany this order in Council, which I also lay on the table, enter much into detail as to the general character of these exiles. They ore not the gaol-birds and scoundrels of large cities, but generally men who have been brought by hunger, during the famine in Ireland, to commit those crimes which occasioned their sentences. Before the arrival of the Neptune, I shall ap- point a commission, composed of men of the highest ability I know, to investigate and ascertain minutely the character of each individual, and devise and suggest such measures as will best lead to mitigate the natural apprehensions which exist."

"The number of signatures now attached to the Cape Town memorial, says the South African, "is 7,258. Additional lists of names from the country, and fresh resolutions and memorials, are still pouring in." The tone of public feeling is indicated by a rebuke in the Cape Adver- liser—" A ball at Government House is advertised for Wednesday next, in 'honour of her Majesty's coronation: this is not a time for such demonstra- tions of joy!"

UNITED STATES AND Craw:ie.—Little news was brought by the Cale- donia, which arrived at Liverpool on Tuesday, with advices from New York of the 31st, and from Kingston in Canada of the 28th July.

• The only facts of interest in the United States journals relate to "domestic institutions." The Governor of Maine had vetoed resolutions adopted by the State Legislature in a spirit hostile to the extinction of slavery. Seve- ral "Coloured servants," otherwise slaves, had been embarked by their owners from New Orleans on the route to California. The New York Herald recapitulates the latest news from California, and comments on it.

". There can be no doubt now that California will apply for admission into the ihnon as a State during the next session of Congress. Several important prelimi- MarY meetings have been held. T. Butler King, and other distinguished men of the United States, made speeches, and measures having that object in view were discussed and adopted. According to all accounts and probabilities, the popula- tion of California in the fall or winter will be large enough to warrant such a measure. The constitution of California will without doubt contain a provision Prohibiting slavery within its borders."

The Canadian news consists chiefly of meagre telegraphic memoranda concerning the British League, which held its first meeting at Kingston on the 27th July, and sat again on the 28th. On the first day only 20 members met; but the divisions of the second day show a large accession of numbers—nearly 100. Mr. Moffat of Montreal had been chosen Pre- sident, Mr. Back and Mr. Brook Secretaries. One of the topics of dis- cussion on the 27th July was the Executive Council: it was resolved, by 85 to 9, that a Legislative Council should not be recommended. "A warm discussion took place regarding the manner in which Lord Elgin should be spoken of: it was ultimately decided that each delegate should use such language in reference to him as he thought proper." "A motion oon- demning his policy was passed." "Retrenchment in publics expenditure was passed."

MEXIC0.—The Mexican Congress opened on the 1st of July. The Pre- sident's message stated that the revenue will probably balance the ex- penses. The reduction of 40 per cent import-duties had increased the receipts, even under unfavourable circumstances. These duties had brought in 5,239,729 dollars for the eleven months ending 31st May 1849. It eulogizes the system of low duties, but recommends differential duties On foreign vessels, to increase the importance of the national mercantile ma- rine. The public debt has been reduced by 65,000,000 dollars; and now amounts to 100,000,000 dollars; a notable part of it bearing no interest. The whole yearly interest is less than one-third of the yearly revenue, "and it is probable that another creditor will submit to another reduction?'