rituartr eltauingg.
Virxeve litmus. Worm Do wan INDIA.—Nicholas loguitur. 1,11 are desirous that Persia and India should pour their treasures into my domin- ions. The English are so incredulous as to believe that I intend, or could accomplish, the conquest of Hindoatan. I want only the commerce; and I hope to share it with the Americans ; -not -I, indeed, but my successors. The possession of California has opened the Pacific and the Indian seas to the Americans, who must, within the lifetime of some now born, predominate in both. Supposing that emigrants to the amount of only a quarter of a eits. lion settle in the United States every year, within-a century from the pre_ sent day their population must exceed three hundred millions. It will not extend from pole to pole, only because there will be room enough with it." —.Landor's Last Fruit of an Old Tree.
WHY RUSSIA WANTS THE PRINCIPALITTESOIlly Sayears ago the most Westerly point of the Russian empire was still two hundred miles from the Austrian 'frontier ; at present the Russian and Austrian frontiers are Con- terminous for a distance of five hundred miles' and if Russia be allowed to complete her long-cherished designs upon the Danubian Principalities, that extent will be doubled, and for a distance of one thousand miles, or more than one-third of its entire circumference, will Russia clasp in one giant embrace an empire of magnitude nearly equal to that enormous territory of Poland which the last half century has seen absorbed within her vast dominions. Hitherto Russia has possessed only the swampy delta of the Danube, and her frontier is conterminous with that of Turkey in Europe for about eighty miles ; but, if the contemplated annexation takes place, it will extend along the shores of that river for nearly five hundred miles to this little town of Orsova ; and her acquisitions from Turkey since the treaty of Kainardji in 1774, will comprise a greater extent of territory than all that remains in Europe of the ill-fated empire from which they have been suc- cessively wrested.—Oliphant's Russian Shores of the Black Sea.
Tim AUSTRALIAN SPRING.—The month of October has always appeared to me the finest season of the year in this part of Australia. The country then exhibits one continuous and universal verdure. The gram is inter- mingled with innumerable native flowers, and the air delightfully perfumed from the yellow blossom of the acacia. The temperature, too, is generally such as genially accords with the human frame. The thermometer rises to 70° in the day, and descends under 60' at night. We alternately hug the blankets at midnight, and bask in the pleasant rays of the noonday sun. There are, indeed, shades and diversities to this agreeable picture; for, du- ring this favoured month, I have frequently witnessed sleet and hailshoar- frost and storms, in the full proportion due to a very changeable climate. Nevertheless, I can recommend this season of the year to the preferable choice of the numerous tourists whom the attractions of the gold-fields and the facilities of steam-navigation will now probably bring to our colony.— Westyarth's Victoria.
INJUSTICE TO IRELAND.—Thirty years ago the priest in Ireland was not admitted to the gentleman's table. If he ventured to interfere with the household, he was ordered imperatively and sternly to mind his own busi- ness. At present a posse of them assembles in the market-place or town- hall, and denounces any gentleman as untrue to his country who chooses his own representative in Parliament preferably to theirs. They tread the laws under foot, and call it passive resistance; they disobey the Magistrate, they challenge the Police, they defy the Army ; but then, ever loyal subjects! they protect the Crown ! yea forsooth, they do indeed protect it—by putting the Mitre over it. Remonstrate, and bludgeons answer; beat down the bludgeon, and then comes the bullet. In what other country, in what other times, would this rebellious spirit, this open and raging insurrection, be tole- rated.—Landor's Last Fruit.
RASH PERSONS DEFICTENT IN PASSIVE RESOLUTION.—A very Curb:MS Cir- cumstance is to be observed with regard to these persons, that though pos- sessed of courage in so remarkable a degree, they have very little passive resolution, and of all others bear worst the knife of the surgeon. The late Mr. Birch of London told me, that, having occasion to perform some slight operation on Belcher, he observed with •surprise how ill he bore it. This celebrated pugilist was, in all probability, of the temperament I am now describing, for he was a man of great intrepidity. It is in all likelihood from the same cause that the Irish, though perhaps individually the bravest people in Europe, are so notorious for their unmanly complaints when on the operation-table. The moment the knife touches them they "cry out, Murther ! ' with a yelping note" ; as every attendant of the London hos- pitals must have witnessed. The French, on the contrary, I know not why, are as remarkable for their resolution. A Portuguese surgeon once said to me, "That a person might at his ease cut a Frenchman for the atone." Females have been long and justly celebrated for their superior fortitude, both mental and corporeal.—StnitIt's Preknions on Mora, and Physical Science.
RUSSIAN CIVILIZATION AT ODESSA.—Hitherto my life had been rendered miserable by repeated allusions to the "Russian Florence." Some infatuated Odessans on board the steamer impressed upon me for two days and nights that nothing I had seen at Moscow or St. Petersburg could give me even a faint conception of the glories of Odessa, which, according to them, com- bined in itself the charms of all the capitals in Europe. The statues and the opera were Italian ; the boulevards and shops, French; the clubs, conducted upon English principles ; and the hotels, unequalled in Europe; the whole forming attractions which may surpass my most sanguine anticipations. It struck me as somewhat singular, notwithstanding, to be told, upon asking what means existed of leaving this enchanting spot, that we should find it necessary to buy a carriage and post, as no diligence had as yet been established. Odessa, probably, is the only town in Europe containing upwards of a hundred thousand inhabitants which cannot boast some public means of conveyance other than a post telega, which is infinitely more barbarous than a Cape bullock-waggon, and only meant for the conveyance of feld- jegers and despatches. It was evident that these benighted inhabitants of Odessa praised their city in utter ignorance of the merits of others. It could not seem strange to them that a pair of sheets should be charged a ruble extra in the best hotels, since they seldom or ever made use of them at home; while it was not to be wondered at that jugs and basins should seem super- fluities to those who followed the mode of washing adopted on board the Russian steamer, which consisted in each man's trickling a little water into his friend's hands—so little, indeed, that but a very few drops of the precious liquid were spilt. Our exertions to obtain a basin on board evidently caused us to be looked upon as bad travellers, who did not conform. to the manners of the country they were in.—Oliphant's Russian Shores of the Black Sea.
PORTUGUESE Hoors—Pure wines are difficult to introduce to the notice of those who anxiously wish but know not how or where to obtain them. Still we are happy to be able to state, that however beautiful and delicious— however pure, animating, and corrective may be the hock wines of the Rheingau and the clarets of Bordeaux—vines transplanted from the finest situations of Germany to the more Southerly climate of Estremadura (a name signifsing full ripe) produce Portuguese hock (still or sparkling) in which Professor Liebig himself might rejoice—in which he would find all the con- ditions required in the " noble " wines produced from the parent stem. We once grew this wine ourselves in quantity,. and still grow it to a small ex- tent ; but, unfortunately, imposed it is cheap and called by its real name " Portu-
guese hock," instead of being upon the public at a fearful price as
the " Chrysam" (or consecrated oil) of the Rhine, it has not yet become known to our wine-drinking community; nor, what is of greater importance, to the suffering invalids in our numerous hospitals, where only the purest and least acid wines, and possessing the least Katzenjammer, should be ad- ministered. Were the fact generally known to the medical profession, that a wine of the like character as the nobler wines of the Rhine could be ob- tained at a moderate cost, certainly this valuable remedy would supplant many chemicals now used as mere substitutes for good wines in our public hos- pitals and in private practice.—The Oliveira Prize Essay on Portugal.
PRUSSIA. NOT TO BB Tamarna.—It is not to be dissembled that falsehood in the cause of freedom may be apprehended on the side of Prussia ; and it is far from impossible that the Prussian King and the Austrian Emperor are waiting with impatience to embrace the Czar. The massacre of the nobles in Gallicia was organized and rewarded at Vienna : the persecution of all classes in Posen is countenanced and commanded at Berlin. Czartoryeki, the humane, the charitable, the moderate, the just, the patriotic, writes thus to the Prime Minister of that country—" I quit Berlin with a heavy heart. Whatever be the cause, it is a fact, that up to this day not one of the premises made to the inhabitants of the Grand Duchy of Posen, by the Prussian Government, has been fulfilled. To what part of its people has that Government been true ? Stripped and scourged by Bonaparte, tear after tear fell through the King's white eye-lashes, and promise after promise from his quivering lips. His nation picked him up, dragged him out of the mire, cloaked him anew, and set him on his horse again. Generals are now sent by him into Posen, with conflicting authorities, to sow dissension, and to exasperate the German invader against the generous host The Prussian is not contented to occupy the house and the land he bath seized on ; lie is not contented with an equal share in the administration of laws and taxes ; he would split into shreds the country he already has broken into splinters, and would abolish its nationality."—Landoee Last Fruit.
TILE GOOD OF Serum° AIM COMPLAINING.—Where the nerves are painfully affected, whether from moral or physical causes, the patient should be encouraged to seek relief by external expressions of his wo. Merely speaking of it, indeed, produces a soothing effect, which is by no means inconsiderable. This is beautifully touched upon in Tristram Shandy, where Mr. S. launches into a pompous dissertation on the death of his son, and discourses until the boy is altogether forgotten. Yet I like still better what passed in the kitchen. When the fate of "Master Bobby" was canvassed among the servants, Trim remarked, the "Squire would get case by talking, madame by crying, but that his poor master would keep it all to himself." But it is not the more kindly emotions alone of our nature which pass away in sounds. The angry passions obey the same law. Hence, those who from their position in society cannot give vent to animosities, are found to che- rish their malevolent feelings with greater pertinacity. The following anec- dote, which used to be related by the late Commodore Decatur, is in point. The Commodore was, it seems, born and reared among the Quakers. Con- versing one day with a member of the taciturn sect, he took occasion to com- pliment him, "that while the rest of the world were jarring and wrangling, Friends never quarrelled." "Thee art mistaken," was the reply ; "thee art mistaken : the difference is not so great as thee imagines. You quarrel with your tongues, but we quarrel with our gizzards."—Smith's Prelections.
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