The Italian Minister of Finance has put forward a financial

state- ment, anticipating the regular budget. The figures given, which do not include the Roman States, are far from satisfactory.

The expenses for the old Sardieian State, Lombardy, the „Emilia, and Tuscany, are reckoned:

Leaving a surplus of . . . 2,896,299 32

The statement for Sicily is, however, far too favourable, and the total deficit will, it is estimated, exceed 12,000,0001. sterling. The greater portion of this enormous sum is due to the military expen- diture, which has increased by more than 8,000,0001., but the civil, expenditure has been very wasteful. The Provisional Go- vernment of Tuscany created universities, academies, and so- cieties without end; the Dictatorial Government in Naples gave away so many places that there are more officials in Naples than in France; and in Sicily the waste has been even greater. The Gari- baldians, moreover, are now to be taken on. the general list of the army, forming three divisions composed of officers alone, who will command no regular troops, but only the volunteers, who will be called out whenever it may be -deemed desirable. These volunteers will consist only of men who have served their time, or those too young to be liable to the conscription, and will be, in fact, a very effective army of reserve. They add greatly to an already heavy expenditure, but the concession was inevitable to conciliate Gari- baldi, mho, on the 18th of April, took his seat in the Chamber of Deputies, being welcomed with an outburst of applause which sus- pended the business of the Chamber. Baron Ricasoli then put his interpellation relative to the Southern army, and requested the Ministry to state their motives for disband- ing the army of Southern Italy, and what prompted the measures ordered to be taken for its reorganization. General Fanti, the Minister of War, defended the measures which had been taken, and said that the system of volunteering was not always favourable to discipline. It was impossible to incorpo- rate all the Garibaldi= officers in the royal army with the rank they previously held. He justified the measures which had been taken with regard to the Bourbon army, and concluded by reviewing the state of the royal army.

Garibaldi then pronounced a speech so violent that it excited a tumult in the Chamber. He made offensive allusions to the Ministry, against which Count Cavour protested, and Garibaldi, cooling down, admitted that Count Cavour loved Italy. General Bixio, with a tact hardly expected from his temperament, made a conciliatory speech,

627,645,514 40

360,260,385. 68

267,385,128 72

The budget of the Southern Provinces of Naples and Sicily gives :

Fr. c.

For Naples we have revenue . . . 109,429,065 56

„ expense . . 100,495,766 24 For Sicily, revenue 21,792,010 0

expense 28,331,210 0

In Naples, therefore, surplus . . 8,935,299 32

In Sicily, deficit 6,539,170 0

Ordinary 492 978,474 13 Extraordinary 134,672,040 27

The revenue :

Ordinary 342 679,115 78 Extraordinary 17,581,269 90 Leaving a deficit for ordinary expenses 150,294,358 35 And for extraordinary 117,090,770 37

Fr. c. Fr. c.

and-Count Cavour expressed his readiness to forget all the offensive incidents of the sitting. The debate was then adjourned, and it is to be hoped Garibaldi will re-enter the chamber is a calmer mood. Dis- plays of this kind will greatly weaken Garibaldi's hold over the sympathies of Europe. One of his best friends, Ricasoli, the Dictator of Tuscany, had previously objected to the violence of his language, and called on him to explain it in his place. Garibaldi responded in a letter, of which the following is the most important sentence :

" Signor Presidente,—Some words of mine, malignantly interpreted, have given rise to the suppositionthat I harboured ideas hostile to the Parliament and the person of the King My devotion to, and friendship. for, Victor Emmanuel, are proverbial in Italy. My conscience forbids my stooping to self-justification. As to the National Parliament, my whole life, dedicated to the independence and freedom of the country, equally dispenses me from descending to exculpate my- self from any irreverence towards the majestic assembly of the representatives of a free people called together to reconstitute Italy, and to secure for her a worthy place beside the greatest nations of the world.'

He also proposed a bill for arming the people, but both letter and bill were-received with considerable disfavour. Energetic measures have, however, been adopted to create a National Guard in Naples, and 101,000 men are now provided with arms, and organized in companies, in order to suppress the reactionary movements, which, according to the telegram, they have effectually done. Large projects of communication are entertained, and the Government has adver- tised for steam eommunication with all parts of the coast.; railways are in progress from Bologna to Pistoja, Spezzia to Parma, and Florence to Faenza. As soon as the tunnel through Mont Cenis is completed, Italy will be linked into the general European system, and projects of even greater magnitude, including lines down both coasts, and involving three tunnels through the Appennines, are under consideration. The money for them is not yet forthcoming, but the Government takes credit for its foresight. Meanwhile the Roman question presses. According to the latest accounts from Paris, Count Cavour believes he can ward off an attack from Venetia; but the Roman question involves the pacification of Naples. He has requested the Emperor to use his influence to remove Francis II. from Rome, where the deposed monarch is a focus of intrigue. The solution, however, seems no nearer. The Pope will not yet negotiate, and has announced to the Court of Vienna that, if driven from Italy, he will make a triumphal progress through Austria and Germany:' a not very explicable project.

A correspondent of the Times reports a discovery of some in- terest in some catacombs recently opened. In those recently dis- covered, many glass vases have been found entire. They are made of two thicknesses of glass, of different degrees of fusibility. Between them are designs in gold, which have been so well defended by their transparent envelope, though made fifteen centuries ago, that they appear as distinct as when they left the workman's hand. The outer coat of glass is, however, rather oxydized in several places. Are these the vases which were prohibited lest they should lower the value of the precious metals?