22 JULY 1854, Page 7

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Frissrez.—The embarkation of the French troops at Calais, on Satur- day, was most successfully performed. The men carried themselves with gallant bearing,--singing " Partant pour le Baltic,"—though to some of them, who had never before seen the ocean, the discomfort must have been considerable. The English sailors extended their hands to the French infantry to help them on board our vessels of war; and, excited by the high spirits of the " Mounseers," their national antipathies were fairly overcome, and they cheered the troops most heartily. The French soldiers returned the compliment with an energy that astonished the British tars. The embarkation of troops and materiel has continued this week.

The Emperor returned to Paris on Friday, and on Wednesday he left the capital with the Empress, whom he escorts to Bayonne. The formation of the camp of Marseilles is indefinitely postponed, on account of the prevalence of cholera in that city and several of the towns of the South. In the Haute Marne, the epidemic also rages with some intensity ; and in Paris itself the cases have amounted to about 35 daily.

The Moniteur of Sunday contained a decree granting an extraordinary credit of 55,405,000 francs to the Minister of Marine, for the purpose of increasing the naval armaments of France. The budget of this Minister for 1854 is thus raised to 174,286,000f. ; which, however, as the Minister remarks in his report to the Emperor, is only 16,000,000f. more than 1847.

Tuaxxv.—The announcement that British troops had advanced to Rustchuck was premature ; but all the despatches and correspondence concur in reporting that the Turks crossed the Danube at several places, between the 4th and 11th July ; that there has been fighting during that period on the left bank ; and that at least the British troops have moved up from Varna, apparently to support the advance. By authentic letters from the British camp we learn, that the Light Division had not got beyond Devna on the 8th instant ; that the Second Division lay between Devna and Alladyn ; that the Guards were at Alladyn; and that the Third Division was about half-way between Alladyn and Varna. The line of the lakes, which stretch from Varna up to Devna for a distance of nearly twenty miles, was occupied by the four divisions of the British army, at distances of about four miles apart, with their left resting on the crest of the hills which run at right angles to the lake and their fronts extending along the ridges and plateaux of those hills, with the face towards Schumla. On the 5th instant, Omar Pasha was at Varna, where he reviewed 25,000 French troops : on the 6th, he reviewed the Guards and Highland regiments under the Duke of Cambridge, and then returned to Schumla. Thence he appears to have started for the Danube, having reached Oltenitza on the 10th.

In the combat at Giurgevo the Turks lost 1700 killed and wounded. After driving the Russians from Giurgevo, it would appear that they attacked and defeated the rear-guard at Frateschti' a small place about eight miles from Giurgevo. The Russian loss in these combats, as we learn from Bucharest, has again been heavy; more than one hundred and fifty waggon-loads of wounded men, and upwards of eighty officers. The Turks have crossed the river at Oltenitza, and 12,000 were established there. Higher up the river, at Turnu, a considerable force has been thrown over, and the papers speak of a junction which had been effected between the troops commanded by Said Pasha from Turnu and the Kale- fat army under lakender Bey. These two officers are described as having attacked and routed the Russians under Bebutoff and Pauloff—wounding both generals. So it would seem that the Turks are advancing on Bucha- rest from Simintza, Nicopolis, Giurgevo, and Oltenitza : whether any have crossed at Kalarasch is uncertain. A corps is also in the Dobrud- sells harrying the Russian rear. Prince GortschakA having drawn all the forces he could from the line of the Jalomnitza, had posted them behind the Argisch. This river, rising in the Carpathian Mountains' flows directly Southward towards the Danube, but suddenly turning to the East, about twenty miles from Bucharest, falls into a lake. The main roads from Giurgevo to Bucharest cross this river; and the positions of the Russian general cover the roads. There, it is said, he had concentrated 60,000 men. The Turks at Olte- nitza, therefore, menaced him by his left, while those at Giurgevo fronted him. The telegraph, less trustworthy of late than ever, tells us of an im- pending battle; but more sober speculators doubt whether Omar Pasha would find himself strong enough to risk an engagement. The Russians were reaping the crops in the Wallachian plains.

Some decided steps have been taken with regard to the Russian flotilla on the Danube. A body of 150 marines and sailors, under Lieutenant Glynn of the Britannia and Prince Leiningen, have been sent overland from Varna to Rustchuck to man the Turkish gun-boats, with directions to go down the river and look after the Russians.

No news of the proceedings of Admiral Lyons has arrived ; but he is still said to be off Anapa. It is surmised that General Forey's division, on board the squadron of Admiral Bruat, would be sent from Varna to coeperate in the attack on the fort. It has at length been resolved to blockade all the Russian ports in the Black Sea and the Sea of .Azoff.

A brief despatch notifies that " Kerim Pasha had defeated 12,000 Rus- sians at Ardahan ; captured six guns, and made 400 prisoners." Kerim Pasha is a Pole. The battle would seem to have been fought on the 2d instant.

On the night of the 26th June, as we learn from a despatch by Ad- aural Dundee, Captain Parker, of the Firebrand, nearly surprised the Cossack guard at the entrance of the Danube, but only actually caught the officer in command. "On the 28th and. 29th, assisted by the Fury, he completely destroyed the strong and well-built batteries at the Sulina. The lighthouse, the private houses, and the quarantine establishment, were untouched ; but the fear of damaging them by the use of powder and fire rendered the work of destruction of the batteries very severe and heavy to the crews of the Firebrand and Fury." One officer was slightly wounded—Lieutenant Jull, of the Marines. Non-official reports speak of the capture of six Russian vessels, of the repair and occupation of the forts " by the English" ; and of a survey of the Russian coast as far as the Dneister.

On the 10th instant, an English steamer arrived at Odessa with thir- teen Russian officers and two hundred privates, to be exchanged against the crew of the Tiger.

Mousse. Pasha was not the only heroic soldier lost in the defence of Silistria. Our gallant young countryman Captain Butler, of the Indian Army, has also fallen. He was twice wounded during the siege but continued to fight with unrelaxed, indefatigable zeal, and died at last of utter exhaustion. He was only twenty-seven years old. To him, and to his companion Lieutenant Nasmyth, is ascribed a great share in the suc- cessful defence of the place for six weeks against the army of the Emperor Nicholas. He fought and was victorious ; the Russians retreated, foiled before the earthwork parapets of the Arab Tabia ; and two hours before the retreat was discovered the heroic Butler was a corpse. Omar Pasha mourned his death more than any event of the campaign ; and the garrison of Silistria, with arms reversed, followed his body to the grave.

Russia.—Something like disaffection would appear to exist at St. Petersburg. The Vienna Prase states, on the authority of "travellers" who had recently arrived from the Russian capital, that more than three hundred young men, nobles, students, and merchants, have been arrested. They have been told that there is no charge against them ; but that their opinions were known, and that the Government was resolved to omit no salutary precaution. Some explosion of popular discontent is appre- hended.

The Russian Government carries out a system of forced loans, in a manner not gratifying to its subjects. General Rudiger, the commander- in-chief of Poland, has intimated to the ecclesiastical authorities, that it would please him greatly if they would lend him hard cash, gold and silver ornaments, and jewels, "to be restored at the end of the war." The mode of contracting a loan is to fill a church or convent with sol- diers, and take with due form what can be got. The towns have also been forced to pay a fixed assessment.

The colonized militia of Finland, guaranteed by the Czar Alexander from service, are by a recent ukase subjected to the conscription, and are required to furnish two battalions of sharpshooters. For this the Fins will have to pay. These battalions are only "a beginning" says the ukase. [Perhaps a beginning of the talked-of removal of the Fins into the interior?] The German papers have published the following Chineee-looking_pro- duction, purporting to be a despatch by Count Neaselrode to Baron Bud- berg, and to have been read by the latter to the Boyards at Bucharest. From its extravagant tone, doubts of its authenticity have been enter- tained in this country, though not in Germany ; and it is certainly not written in the usual style of the Imperial Chancellor.

June 23. "No. 1587.

"Sir Baron—His Majesty the Czar wishes that you should opportunely make known to the Wallachians his displeasure at their strange conduct, particularly the Boyards, in regard to the Russian troops which have entered into the Principalities, that they may free themselves for ever from the un- bearable Turkish yoke. His Majesty the Czar considers it improper, at the present posture of affairs, that the associates of his Majesty in the true re- ligion should meditate subjecting themselves to other than a Christian Go- vernment. If the Wallachians do not understand this, because they are too much under the heretical influence of the Powers of Western Europe, his Majesty the Emperor cannot leave unfulfilled the task intrusted to him by Heaven, as the supreme head of right-believing Christians, namely to res- cue the members of the true Christian Greek religion for ever from Turkish dominion. His Majesty will carry out his task, in spite of the interference of the other powerless states of heretical Europe. We are with God—God with us, and the victory is ours. His Majesty the Czar commands that you, Sir Baron, shall strongly rebuke the Boyards and higher Wallachian func- tionaries for their illoyal conduct towards our troops. Soon will the time come when these refractory Wallachians will sorely repent that by their 11- loyalty they have to such a degree raised the ire of his Majesty. Be severe —severe, Sir Baron, to these lawless Wallachians—the more severe the bet- ter. This is the will of his Majesty the Czar.

"Receive the assurance of my highest regard,

" NESSELRODE, Imperial Chancellor."

General Aurep, the officer who was defeated at Zetati last widter, has blown out his brains at Bucharest, unable to bear his disgrace. He had the character of an able commander.

The regulations for the exchange of prisoners said to have been pub- lished at St. Petersburg are curious- " It has pleased his Majesty the Emperor to ordain that the following rules shall be observed in all exchanges of prisoners of war. First, in ease the Turkish general should propose an exchange of prisoners of war, only Turks by birth shall be exchanged against Russians. Second, should the proposition emanate from the commander of the French troops, the exchsoge can only be made with respect to prisoners French by birth ; and in like manner, should the English commander make such a proposition, only Eng- lishmen by birth can be exchanged for Russians."

Genstmev.—Not a gleam of light has been thrown since our last publi- cation upon the state of negotiations at Berlin and Vienna. Colonel Manteuffel was at the latter city on Wednesday, enforcing the views of the Prussian Government; and intimating, it is said, that Prussia would not consider herself bound by the late treaty to aid Austria if she entered at once into hostilities with Russia. It is given out on respectable au- thority, that there is to be a Congress at Prague. Prince Metternich, "who generally passes his summers at Johannisberg, is this year to give up that residence, and fix himself near Prague, in order to be close at hand to follow day by day the conferences which it is intended are to take place for the settlement of the Eastern question." On the other hand, the Austrian Government has taken the unusual step of publishing, in the official portion of the Vienna Gazette, the treaty between Austria and Prussia and the convention between Austria and the Porte. This has created a sensation, it being looked upon as directed against St. Peters- burg. The reception of Prince Gortschakoff is also dwelt on. When he first arrived at Vienna, Imperial carriages were, as is customary in such cams,

ordered to be in readiness to convey him to meet the Emperor. They were accordingly got ready ; but were countermanded at the last moment, and the Russian diplomatist drove to court in a hackney-coach. General Hess and other officers have been making a tour of inspection along the Austro-Russian frontier.

The Berlin correspondent of the Morning Chronicle has a word to say about Count Pahlen.

"People here shrug their shoulders at the little episode of Count Pahlen. They cannot comprehend the marvellous laisser aller of our authorities, in permitting men, grown grey in the intrigues of Russian diplomacy, to enjoy all those advantages in London which may be best turned to account by the Emperor's Government- Not the tenth part of an English hair is allowed to enter the Russian territory. Neither rank, age, nor supposed abstinence Ito" political affairs, could obtain admittance across the Russian frontier. The sources of information are closed hermetically to our diplomacy and Government. We, on the other haud, are not only utterly careless on this point, but even facilitate the collection and transmission of intelligence through the medium of those who well know how to benefit by these facili- ties. The ladies, it is true, have much to do with this incautious proceed- ing..

A telegraphic despatch from Vienna, dated Tuesday, makes this singu- lar announcement- " The Oesterreichische Correspondenz of yesterday contains the draught of a projected provincial representation for consultative purposes—a kind of Aus- trian constitution."

Spans.—The insurrection has taken a new turn ; and the aspect of af- fairsis now extremely tht•eatening for the Royalists. General O'Donnell continued in retreat towards the South ; marching, it is said, for Seville, at the head of 5022 men, 2033 of whom were cavalry. General Maser followed with a "column of operations." According to the telegraph, a battle ensued between them, in which Blaser was defeated and wounded. On the line of march, Colonel Buceta, at the head of the civilians was detached to spread the movement, and he appears to have captured Cuenca. .[Another account says he was defeated in the attempt.] But it is not so much in the South as in the North-east and centre of Spain that the insurrection has gained strength. On the 15th in- stant, Barcelona pronounced, both town and garrison ; and the Captain- General of Catalonia, La Roche, is said to have joined the movement Some disorders ensued, and murders were committed. Lerida, Gerona, and Tarragona, Saragossa, Valladolid, Bingos, Vittoria, and Granada, are also said to have pronounced. The Bourbon regiment and the artil- lery at San Sebastian have risen, and arms have been placed in the hands of the National Guard. General Zabala is said to be in march for Madrid at the head of a force drawn from the Basque Provinces. besides these movements, the cavalry regiments El Rey and Montessa

have deserted their officers, refusing to fight against their comrades. In Valencia and other districts, bands of "Republicans" are flying about It is said that the Queen Mother has started for Bayonne, and that au the Munoz family will follow her.

General Espartero, who has so long lived in retirement, peacefully cul- tivating his estates on English principles, has come forth and joined the

movement, putting himself at the head of an army marching upon the capital. With respect to Narvaez little is known, as he has given no cers tam indications of his intentions.

• The latest intelligence arrives in a telegraphic despatch, dated "Paris, Thursday," sent from Bayonne on the 20th instant. "Madrid made its pronuneiamento on the 17th. The troops and-popula- tion accomplished this act with unanimous accordance. The Count of Situ

Luis, President of the Council, has tied. The Ministry has dissolved. Se- ragosaa pronounced before Madrid. Espartero is designated as the chief for forming a central army. General Zabala has left St. Sebastian, and is march- ing to join him with the troops he has assembled in the North."

General O'Donnell issued an address to the nation, dated Manzandes July 7, giving sonic idea of his ulterior projects. Me declares that he has everywhere been received with enthusiasm ; that in a few days the greater part of the provinces and the whole of the army would have joined the movement ; and that it was time to soy what they would do an the hour of victory.

"We desire the preservation of the Throne, but without a Camarilla which dishonours it ; we desire the rigorous practice of the fundamental

laws, improving them, particularly the electoral law, and that of the press.

We desire a reduction of taxation, founded on strict economy. We desire that in military and civil employments antiquity and merits may be

respected. We desire to wrest the people from the centralization which devours them, giving them the local independence necessary to preserve and increase their own interests ; and, as a guarantee of all this, we desire, and

will plant on solid bases, the National Militia. Such are our intentions; which we express frankly, without imposing them on that account upon the nation. The Juntas of Government, which will have to go on constituting themselves in the free provinces—the General Cortes, which will soon as- semble—the nation itself, in fine, will fix the definitive bases of the liberal regeneration to which we aspire. We have consecrated our swords to the national will, and we shall not sheathe them until this be fulfilled."

If the latest accounts are true, General O'Donnell has been a tolerably successful prophet.

THE Basno.—We have little news this week from the Baltic. The combined fleets appear to have remained at Barosund and off Sweaborg until the 18th instant, when they sailed for the Aland Isles, says a tele- graphic despatch from Dantzic.

UNITED STATES—The Atlantic arrived at Liverpool on Wednesday, with adviees from New York to the 8th instant

The Senate had passed Mr. Clayton's bill for a more effectual sup- pression of the slave-trade, by restricting transfers of American vessels in foreign ports.

The Senate had adopted the bill appropriating ten millions of dollars to carry. out the Gadsden treaty, by means of which the United States will acquire a great extension of territory. On the 3d July, sitting in execu- tive session, they rejected the Canadian Reciprocity Bill; alleging that the benefits were not equally apportioned, end that the revenue-laws were infringed by its provisions. They passed a bill establishing a line of steamers between California and Shanghai.

The cholera had broken out at New York. Madame Anna Thillon and Madame Maretzek were suffering from slight attacks, and the Opera had been closed in consequence ; and the authorities had marked their sense of the alarming progress of the disease by issuing the usual notice of its prevalence. At Boston, Philadelphia, and St. Louis, the epidemic was extending ; 207 deaths in a week had occurred at St. Louis. The commercial circles at New York bad been shocked by the discovery- that Mr. Schuyler, President of the New York and New Haven Raflroad, had over-issued nearly two millions of dollars Of stook ! It is surnised that he intended to make it good, but that the tightness of the mopes--

market prevented hint from so doing. It is not yet clear whether the Directors were not cognizant of this fraudulent transattien. Mr. Schuy- ler was well known in London, Paris, and the commercial capitals of Ger- many. He had made an assignment of his property ; and the company is liable for the redemption of every dollar of the hypothecated stock,—much of which, it is said, is circulating in England.

WEST INDIES.—The latest advices from Jamaica and Barbados extended to the 27th June and give an unfavourable account Of the prevalence of cholera in both islands. At the former, the agricultural parishes were the chief sufferers : the mortality, and the abandonment of certain districts in order to fly from the epidemic, had caused a great scarcity of labour. In Barbados, the cholera had produced a state d things de- scribed as "unprecedented " in the history of the island. The dreadful extent of the disease may be estimated from the fact that the gross total of the dead, since the 14th May, was no less than 6500 in the rural dis- tricts alone. The mortality among the Whites is inconsiderable. The Danish authorities at St. Thomas flied into the English ship Fanny, as she was leaving the port, on the 15th June, and knocked away her rudder. Fortunately; the Calypso, Commander Forbes, came up, anti exacted satisfaction. He opened his ports, and sent a, lieutenant to demand an explanation. No satisfactory excuse could be made out; but the Danes consented to send a written apology to the master of the Fan- ny, and to pay him an indemnity of 1000 dollars.

The Devastation was cruising after two privateers [pirates?] reported to be in the West Indian seas under Russian colours.

COBA.—According to the American journals, General Pezuela winks at the illicit traffic in slaves as hard as his predecessors. The story is, that the Government were informed that three cargoes of slaves would be landed at Trinidad. A courier was despatched by land to order the seizure of the slaves ; but some hours earlier, another was sent by sea. He arrived three days before the land messenger; the slaves were landed, sold, and dispersed • and the Captain-General, the MarquisPezuels, pocketed 45,000 dollars by the transaction. Havannah is about to be further protected by the erection of new forte on the land side the weakest part of the defences. The first detaahment of the additional garrison of 6000 men had arrived from Spain on the 27th June.

AnfriatIria.—By the first ship communicating directly with England from Sydney by the Isthmus of Panama; the Golden Age, we have advises from that town to the lOth May. The Golden Age performed the voyage, by way of the Sandwich Islands, in thirty-eight days ; and her mails and passengers were transferred to the West Indian mail steamer Magdalena.. Among her passengers was the late Lieutenant-Governor of Victoria, Mr. Latrobe.

In Sydney, there had been a decided demonstration against the New Constitution Bill. On the departure of Mr. Wentworth he resigned ins- seat for the city. Some delay ensued on the issuing ef the' writ. It was expected that there would be no opposition to Mr. Kemp, the late pro- prietor of the Sydney Herali, a Magistrate and a Conservative. But at the last moment, Mr. Parkes, the proprietor and editor' Of the Empirs. was put forward; and Mr. Kemp, the supporter of Mrs_Wentworth, was defeated by 1427 to 779. A reater number voted than has ever been known to vote before; and Mr. Parkes received more votes by 100 than were given to any previous candidate.. The revenue returns for the .first quarter of the year show an increase of 126,3251. over the corresponding quarter of 1853. The chief items of increase were the spirit-duties and the revenue from the land-sales, the 'latter showing an increase of 76,780/. over the preceding quarter. The "value cethe exports from New South Wales, in 1853, was 4,523,3461.; the value of the imported British manufactures was • 4,-679,435/., and of the total ;imports, 6,342,7571.—upwards of 4,500,000/. more than in 1852! TIM Sydney Chamber of Commerce, with a view to the defence of the port, suggest. that 1000 volunteers should be raised, and a screw line-of-battle ship and two steam frigates from England should be placed on the station. The Anti-Transportation League had formally dissolved itself.

The intelligence from the Gold-fields is to the effect that the average rate of production is kept up. One of the richest of the new diggings is at a horrible place called BucklancI River. The streams run between high mountain-walls : during the day the air is stagnant, the sun scorches, noisome exhalations steam up ; and at night it is piercingly cold. The diggers worked up to the waistin water, and numbers died of fever. Graves studded the valley. One new comer counted eleven corpses carried past his tent during the dinner-hour of his first working. day, and he left the place instantly. The miners suffered from typhus and eye-blight, and want of vegetable food. Onions were sold at 6s. and cabbages at 48. a pound. Such are the places whither men are led to seek gold !

At the prorogation of the Council of Victoria, on the 12th April, Mr. Latrobe formally announced his resignation, and the approach of his successor, Sir Charles Hotham to the colony. Victoria had been out- running its revenue ; and plans laad been put in for erecting an edifice for the House of Assembly, at a cost of 2,000,0001. This extravagance, how- ever, did not come to maturity. The yield of gold continued steady, and' the export of wool was on the increase. At Albury On the Murray, the customhouses of New South Wales and Victoria -confront each others which suggests the necessity of some understanding between the provinces with respect to internal traffic. On both banks of the Muristsi, it has been resolved to set apart a strip of land two miles wide, from Albtiry.to the South Australian frontiers-500 miles; and thus the land on the river ia thrown open for agricultural purposes. As soon as the surveys are made the land will be put up for sale.

South Australia appears to be prosperous. The revenue amouats to 257,8721.; • the expenditure to only 191,4431. In Hobart Town, there bad been a "maiden session" of the Supreme Court—the first ever held in the colony. Two floods had done impensa damage, and some lives were lost.

INDLL—The usual correspondence by the overland mail arrived early in the week. The latest date is Bombay, June 7. According to letters from Cabul, in the journals of the North-western Provinces, Dost Ma- hemmed had warned the British authorities at Peshawar of the daily in- creasing power of the Persians in Herat and Candahar, aided by Russian

I gents. He intimates, that if he be placed in a position to oppoee his 1Vestern enemies, Pesha*ur will remain free from any external or inter- nal disturbance. The report on the Herat side was that the Russians were instigating the Shah of Persia to march On Bagdad and take the 'holy ahrine of Najuf Ashrut from the followers of Osman, and thereby spread his own creed. At Cabul it was reported that "a British force would be there as soon as the roads could be made" ; but the truth of this report is obviously doilbtful.

A police force is to be organized ha Burnish for the protection of life and property ; and it will operate both on the river and on shore.

There had been a riot at Singapore, which, beginning on the 5th May, lasted for eight or ten days. It arose out of the quarrels of rival Chinese : the military were not at first called out, but the Europeans were sworn in as special constables. This produced no effect; the Chinese disap- peared before them, and reappeared in other quarters. No fewer than 400 assassinations took place, and 220 persons were wounded. By the 10th, Malaya had to be employed in fighting, and the captain of an Ame- rican man of war placed 80 men at the disposal of the authorities. Order was at length restored ; but not until many lives were lost, fifty-three shops were plundered, and two hundred and eighty houses burnt.