22 NOVEMBER 1851, Page 6

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Some changes are about to take place in the diplomatic arrangements of Brazil. Chevalier Marques Lisboa, after eleven years' residence as Minister at this Court, where he had represented his country as Charge d'Affaires for two years previously to his intermediate appointment as Minister, first at the Hague and then at Brussels, has been promoted to the more agreeable Brazilian Ministry at Paris, and will leave Lon- don for that capital in the course of a few weeks. His successor is Cheva- lier de Macedo, who arrived by the last steamer from Rio. The Chevalier has been long engaged in the diplomatic service of Brazil : he was formerly its representative at Rome, afterwards at Vienna, and lately re- sided in the same honourable capacity at Washington. The termination of Chevalier Lisboa's residence in London will he much regretted in so- ciety.—Daily _Yews.

Lately, meetings in the borough of Finsbury, under Mr. Wakley M.P., and in the parish of Islington, under Mr. Wyld M.P. voted addresses to Lord Palmerston for the aid he gave the Sultan of Turkey in effecting the liberation of Kossuth. The secretary of the " Kossuth Committee for the borough of Finsbury" wrote a letter to his Lordship asking if it would be convenient to him to receive the addresses through the hands of a deputation. Lord Palmerston replied, by an under-secretary, that he would be "glad to receive them at the office" ; and they waited on him accordingly, last Tuesday.

The address from Finsbury was as follows.

" To thaBight Honourable Lord Viecenutt Palmerston, her Most Gracioua Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affilira.

" We the inhabitants of the borough of Finsbury, containing a population of nearly 400,000, in public meeting as;embled, this 12th day of November 1851,—Thomas Wakleys Esq. M.P., in the chair,—respectfully beg leave to tender to your Lordship our hearty thanks for your patriotic and huraaue conduct (in defiance of frequent and atrocious threats from Christian poten- tates) towards the illustrious patriot and exile Louis Kossuth, by demand.. lug his release from the hands of those odious and detestable assassins who sought his destruction. My Lord, in the name of our fellow countrymen, accept our deepest gratitude for your lofty courage and manly resolution. May you long live among a happy and a free people.

"Skirled on behalf of the meeting by the Committee."

The Islington address was worded devoutly. " To the Right Honourable Lord Viscount Palmerston, her Most Graciotts Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affiiirs.

" We, the inhabitants of the parish of St. Mary, Islington, containing a population of nearly 100,000, in public meeting assembled,--James Wyld, Esq. M.P., in the chair,—hail, with much thankfulness to God, your spinted ana humane conduct by assisting, in conjunction with his Majesty the Sultan of Turkey, in rescuing the unfortunate but brave patriot and exile Louis Kossuth, 'from the hands of those merciless tyrants and despots who sought his destruction. We humbly pray the great God of Justice in heaven will bless and preserve you with a long and happy life among a free people ; and when you have departed this life, may you receive that inheritance be. yond the grave which is incorruptible, undefiled, and passeth not away. " Signed on behalf of the Committee."

Lord Palmerston declared that he felt extremely flattered and highly gratified by this expression of opinion on the part of so large a body of his fellow countrymen "for his exertions in endeavouring to promote the cause of national freedom among those nations who stand in need of it."

"The Government are fully aware of the sympathies of the British na- tion iu favour of the cause of Hungary ; but of course, as the organ of the Government of her Majesty, who is in friendly alliance with the great Fo- reign Powers referred to, it could not be expected that he should concur in sonic of the expressions which had been used in the addresses. He felt, however, that it was highly gratifying to have been instrumental in aiding the cause of the patriotic Hungarians and Poles, who, without British inter- vention, would no doubt have been doomed to perpetual imprisonment, and have sacrificed their freedom, if not even their lives, in the cause of' their country's independence. They never could have been rescued from the fate which awaited them, even by the aid which the Government of this country was enabled to afford, had not the Government been backed by public o nion here. There is no question of the great moral power which theGo- vernment of this country has over foreign affairs, so long as the Government are backed in the exercise of that power by the public opinion of the people. No doubt, the moral power of the British Government is immense—more than people generally imagine; but it will be only effective so long as the people and the Government go together. There can be no doubt that with regard to its Hungarian policy the Government has been backed by the people ; as is instanced by the fact of the appeals which have been made from all quar- ters and from all the large towns and cities in the kingdom, urging on the Government interference in that important question. It is not necessary that England should exercise a power with its armies, with its bayonets, or with its cannon. The moral power, where the Government is backed by the people, will do a great deal more. The moral power is greater than anything else, but even that cannot he made effective unless the Government and people act in union'. The Government, more especially the Foreign depart- ment, are sometimes accused of keeping too much secrecy with regard to their transactions with Foreign Powers. It is said there ought not to be so much secrecy. in diplomacy : but, upon the same ground that men in the ordinary business transactions of life do not make public all the details of such transactions until the bargains in which they may be engaged are completed, so also is it necessary that the publication of the proceedings of

diplomacy sh j ould be left to the udgment and discretion of that department of the Government, in order properly to transact the business of the nation."

Mr. Sheen, one of the deputation, confessed that the people have been hitherto somewhat lukewarm and callous on our relations with foreign countries; but recent events, "and the encouragement held out by the Government that they should do so," will have the effect for the future of making them equally alive to foreign as to domestic subjects.

Lord Palmerston resumed-

" One of the difficulties which is felt in the conduct of foreign affairs arisee from the fact of the great bulk of the people caring generally little about them. The Government has no desire to be urged on to war, although they are desirous of upholding the nationality of foreign countries. At the time when Hungarian affairs were agitating the world—he did not allude to re- cent demonstrations here, but those which led to the step on the part of the Government were the great demonstrations held in Glasgow, Edinburgh, Birmingham, and all the great towns as well as the Metropolis—when forty, or fifty addresses had reached him from all the great towns, he forwarded them to Sir Stratford Canning, to show him that it was not merely the wish of the Government but the wish of the people that he should interfere, and prevent, if possible, that which other powers were demanding ; and it was only that circumstance which put the Government in a position to grant aid if it were needed. But the Sultan, to do him justice, was most willing to lend his aid and cooperate with this country in carrying out the wishes of the British Government. At the same time, however, a great deal of good generalship and judgment was required ; and during the pending struggle a good deal of judicious bottleholding was obliged to be brought into play."

The deputation withdrew, "highly gratified by the warm receptien they had received."

Mr. Joseph Hume hae written to the Mayor of Southampton, thanking him and the Corporation over which he presides for the reception they gave to the "man of the people" of Hungary. " I am sorry that I had not, the satisfaction of seeing and congratulating him on his escape from the hands of the oppressor, and further, of express- ing my sincere desire that success may attend his efforts in the cause of good

government. His cause is our cause; and I admire the talent manifested by no in the several answers to addresses and at public meetings. It will be a difficult task for any man claiming to be an Englishman to deny the truth of his statements; and I hope his advice may receive more attention from the aristocracy of this country than they have shown to his person. The state of my health has presented my paying my respects to him, but I hope a future opportunity may offer," Mr. Hume suggests that all the addresses to M. Kossuth, and the best reports of his answers, verbal and written, should be collected and printed in good type and at the lowest possible price. He says of such a collo.. teen—' I anticipate for it a circulation in this and other countries, and more benefit to the popular cause—the cause of responsible government—, than from any other means I know and we will ask Lord Palmerston tO gar" copies of the collection to all the Cones in Europe, as he did of Mr. G/adstone's letter' !

Aiew weeks since, Prince Albert addressed a letter to the Society of Arts, suggesting a course of lectures on the probable results of the Great Rthibition of Industry. The Council of the Society adopted the sug- gestion; and have issued the following prospectus of the "first part" of an intended course of lectures— "Nov. 26. Rev. W. Whewell, F.R.S., Master of Trinity, Inaugural Lecture on the general bearing of the Exhibition on the Progress of Art and athence.—Dee. 2. Sir H. Be Is Beehe, C.B., F.R.S., Mining, Quarrying, and Metallurgical Processes and Products.—Dec. 10. Professor Richard Owen, F.R.S., Animal Raw Products.—Dec. 17. Jacob Bell, Esq., M.P., Chemical and Pharmaceutical Processes and Products.—Jan. 7, 1852. Dr. Lyon Play- fair, F.R.S., on the Chemical Principles involved in the Manufactures shown at the Exhibition, as a proof of the necessity of an Industrial Education.— Jan. 14. Professor S. Liudley, F.A.S., Substances used as Food.—Jan. 21. Professor Edward Sadly, F.R.S., on the Vegetable Substances used in the Arts and Manufactures in relation to Commerce generally.—Jan. 28. Rev. Professor B. Willis, F.R.S., Machines and Tools for Working in Metal, Wood, and other Materials.—Feb. 4. J. Glaisher, Esq., F.R.S., Philosophical Instruments and Processes.—Feb. 11. Richard Hensman, Esq., Machinery and Civil Engineering generally.—Feb. 18. Captain Washington, RN., Ship- ping, particularly Life Boats, in Class VIIL—March 3. Professor J. Forbes Royle, F.R.S., the Manufactures of India."

Lord John Russell has granted 500/. to Lieutenant Pim, from the Trea- sury, towards paying his expenses toSiberia in search of SirJohn Franklin.

Sir George Grey has appointed Mr. Herbert Mackworth to be Inspector of Coal Mines, iix room el Mr. J. Kenyon Blackwell resigned.

Our latest edition last week mentioned the death of Mr. George Maule, Solicitor to the Treasury, at an advanced age, and after many years of public service. It is stated that Mr. Reynolds, who has been for a considerable time Assistant-Solicitor of the Treasury, will be promoted to be the Solicitor, and. that Mr. Robert Hitchcock, the Master of the Irish Exchequer, who has prepared several of the measures of law reform propounded or carried by the present and past Governments, will succeed Mr. Reynolds.

Results of the Registrar-General's return of mortality in the Metropolis for the week ending on Saturday last.

of Ten Weeks 1841-50.

Week of 1851.

Zymotic Diseases 2,320 .... 236 Dropsy, Cancer, and otherdiseases of uncertain or variable neat 482

Tubercular Diseases 1,616

Dneases of the BrAin, Spinal Marrow, Nerves, and Senses 1,130 .... 110 Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels 928

55

Diseases of the Lungs, and of the other Organs of Respiration 1,721 .... N8 Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs of Digestion 504

Diseases of the Kidneys, fr.c 85 14 Childbirth, diseases of the trterns, Sc 117

Rheumatism, diseases of the Bones, Joints, Sc

77

Diseases of the Skin, Cellular Tissue, Sc..

18

Malformations 27 .... 3 Prenrsture Birth 208 .... 33 Aunphy 156

Age 567 .... 47 Sadden 114

3 Violence, Privation, Cold, andIatemperance 280 26 Total (including unspecified causes) 8,917 1,022

The effect of increased cold in the weather is now perceptible in the weekly returns of mortality,. In October the number of deaths registered in London did not in any weak exceed 981, and in the fourth it fell to 861; while the weekly mean temperature during the greater part of the month was more than 52 degrees. In the week ending 8th November the mean temperature was only 40 degrees; last week it was 40.2 degrees; and contemporaneously with this fall the deaths rose in the former week to 989, and in the last to 1022.

In corresponding weeks of the ten years (1841-50) the average number of deaths was 992; which with a correction for increase of population be- comes 1091. The 1022 deaths registered in the week ending lust Saturday show a decrease of 69 on the estimated amount.

At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean daily reading of the ba- rometer was above 30 inches on Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday. The mean of the week was. 29.96w inches. The mean temperature was below the average of corresponding days in ten years on every day of the week. The mean temperature of the week was 40.2' which is 3.4' below the average. The daily mean fell from about 40' on Thursday and Friday to 31.y on Saturday. The wind blew generally from the North.—Beyiatrar-General's -RePri•

The Ceylon journal the Colombo Observer, of the 15th October, says that " India is looking up as a resort of aristocratic tourists and statesmen in search of information." " Earl Grosvenor spent one vacation here. Lord Stanley and Mr. Stuart Wortley are likely to spend. another. The heir of the house of Derby, and supposed aspirant to the reversion of the Colonial Office, is still in Ceylon, detained by the serious illness of his relative, Captain Honeby. This delay has given Lord Stanley an opportunity of witnessing an Oriental entertainment, in the shape of a dinner given to his Excellency the Governor by the Tamil gentlemen of Colombo. The banquet was served in a temporary edifice erected amidst a grove of cocoa-nut trees ; and. the effect of a thousand lamps gleaming through the graceful stems of the trees, and revealing their starlike leaves, conjured up visions of scenes of fairy enchantment such as the authors of the Arabian Nights delighted to revel in. Those who have not visited India can scarcely conceive the beauty of those graceful bamboo arches festooned with the delicate young leaves of the cocoa-nut palm, and hung with golden fruits and brilliant flowers. Lord Stanley's was the speech of the evening ; the next best, and scarcely inferior to it in point of excellence, was that of the Reverend G. alutukistna, an educated native of Jaffiia."

H. Panizzi [of the British Museum] is still in Rome, and affords perpetual matter for speculation aid occupation to the sbirri, who wait on the piazza before his hotel in the morning until h leases his appearance, and then follow him about wherever he goes. M.. Baling, who has recently arrived a &my's hotel, is dogged in the same m inn( r; an evident proof how very jealous and suspicious the Papal authorities are of the presence of any in- fluential persons connected with the British Government. Whilst subjected to these indignities on the past of the Minister of Police, M. Panizzi has been most courteously received by the Pope and by Cardinal Antonelli; by the latter of whom he was especially requested to repeat his visit. AL Pa- nizzi leaves Rome for Naples on Thursday next.—Roman Correspondent of die News, Nov. 10.

The rose Gazette of Rerlin states that the librarian of the Emperor of Russia has purchased, for the Imperial library, a complete collection of all the pamphlets, placards, caricatures, stave, &e. published at Berlin during the revolutionary movements of 1848.

The inhabitants of Portsmouth have determined to erect a statue, columns or fountain, in honour of Lord Frederick Fitzclarence, as a mark of gratitude for his efforts in improving the town.

It is a singular fact, that an estate granted to George Monk, Duke of Al- bemarle, for restoring the Monarchy, was by intermarriage eventually vested in Oliver Cromwell, Esq., of Cheshunt, who died in 1821; being then tha last male descendant of the' Protector.—Notes and Queries.

A discovery of a very interesting nature has just taken place in one of the cells of the Castle of St. Angelo ; on the wall of which, toward the corner, a rough and nearly effaced indication of Christ on the cross was brought to light a few days ago. This drawing or painting is thought to be that which Benvenuto Celina, in his admirable autobiography, mentions having exe- cuted with charcoal and brick-dust on the wall of his prison, when confined by order of Pope Paul III. in the Castle of St. Angelo in the year 1539.— Roman Letter.

General Lord de Blaquiere, whose decease at Norwood was chronicled in our . obituary last week, died by his own hand. Whilst very ill, with his mind impaired by disease, he got possession of a pistol early in the morning, loaded. it, and inflicted a wound which quickly proved fataL A post-mortem exa- mination proved that the deceased had suffered from a great complication of disorders; and the Jury at once pronounced that he had killed himself during " temporary insanity." Lord de Blaquiere was an Irish Peer ; and he is succeeded by his son, Captain de Blaquiere, the owner of the America yacht.

George Talboys Browne, a young compositor, living in Camberwell, was restrained under his parents' roof because of a temporary unsoundness of mind. He endeavoured to go out at night, and being prevented by his father and brothel., struggled violently. As he wrestled on the ground, he kicked his mother in the stomach ; and next morning the poor woman died.. A surgeon deposed, however, that the kick was but slight ; and that the mother died of a blood-vessel ruptured in her head from the excitement caused by the sight of her poor son's state. A Coroner's Jury established this view by their verdict.

Jagger, a confectioner at Dewsbury, quarrelled with his stepson, William Field, a youth of weak intellect; and in the squabble the father kicked the son, and caused his death.

The Bologna Gazette relates a melancholy accident that occurred at Russi on the 21. A lady had fitted up a large room for a theatrical performance, in which children were to be the chief actors. About seventy persons were assembled in the room to enjoy the diversion, when the floor suddenly gave way, and they were precipitated into a smithy below. The performers, who were on the stage, escaped the disaster ; but two children, under twelve years of age, were found dead under the ruins.

News has arrived, via Sydney, of two massacres in the South Seas. The Mary, supposed to be of Bermuda, struck on the Lachland Isles ; and the natives killed the whole crew after they had escaped from the wreck. The Lucy Ann, a Sydney whaler, brought up at Murray Island ; the natives seized. her, and butchered all on board.

The electric light is at length to be brought into practical operation. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company intend almost immediately to illuminate the several tunnels along their line by this powerful and now practical system of illumination. The adoption of the electric light at these points is not for experimental purposes, but for permanent use; all the diffi- culties which have hitherto beset the subject having been entirely sair- mounted.—.Afining Journal.

The Directors of the Hungerford Market Company, in conjunction with the Directors of the South-western Railway, intend to build a railwey bridge from the Waterloo station, across the river, to near Charing Cross an the Strand. There will be four lines of rails, besides a roadway for carriages and foot passengers.—Mark Lane Express.

The proprietors of Putney Bridge have given notice of their intention to apply to Parliament for power to erect a new bridge in lieu of the present one, which is sadly inadequate to the public requirements. The new one is intended to be built as near the present one as possible—Globe. • As yet the Courts of Westminster have been fully occupied, the number of new trials moved for being as great as usual. We are informed that the entries of causes for trier at the Second Sittings have been unusually nu- merous ; and this is attributed to the operation of the new Evidence Act, many pending suits having been deferred for the purpose of noting its work- ing : so that in London, at least, there is no lack of business, either present i or n prospect. Law is "looking up" again.—Law Times.

The City writer of the Times stated on Wednesday, that the accounts from the Australian gold regions, though they are now perfectly distinct and well authenticated, have had " no effect on the demand either for passage or freight." "The number of passengers is less now than at the corresponding period of last year. On Saturday, the Thomas Arbuthnot, which bronght the first news of the gold-discoveries, sails on her return voyage ; and ins stead of being full, as was the case twelve months back, she has a large pro- portion of her berths disengaged. Looking at the apathy which exists here, and which may chiefly be attributed to the conduct of the Government in relation to steam-navigation, it would seem probable that the first streams of augmented traffic, both as regards population and produce, will flow, not from Europe, as the colonists expect, but from the coasts of the Pacific and the islands of the Indian Archipelago."

The second instance on record of a full-sized whale-ship being destroyed by a spermaceti whale is narrated in the New Bedford Mereory. (U. S. Captain Deblois, of the ship Essex, was hunting whales in 1850, on the Off Shore Ground of the South Pacific, in 102 West longitude. On the 20th August, his boats got amongst the fish, and harpooned one. The whale turned on one of the boats, rushed at it with tremendous violence, and, opening his enormous jaws, took the boat and crushed it into fragments as small as a common-sized chair. All the men leaped overboard in time, and the other boat marvellously succeeded in picking every one of them up. The second boat, with undaunted pluck, set out after the whale, though they were crowded to the gunwale and the ship was six miles off. The whale turned on this second boat, seized it, and crushed it to atoms, as he did, the first. Captain Deblois had just then joined company, with a third large boat, and he picked up his twice-perilled men. The whale made for the third boat ; but seemed to miss them, and pealed them at three or four cables' dis- tance. When the ship was gained, the captain resolved to pursue the whale with the ship itself. Overtaken and again harpooned, the whale rushed at the new enemy ; but the ship hauled up and dodged him ; when she again Fot near his back he sank straight down; and while the whalers were expecting him to rise at a distance, he came up with all his force right under them, and stove the ship in near her keel. She quivered as if she had struck on a .rock, and began instantly to fill through an immense hole. The crew threw over iron ballast, cables, and anchors, in vain; and at last had to fly into the remaining beats, with scarcely any provisions or water. Lying-to for the night, in the morning they found the ship on her beam-ends. The captain went aboard, alone, with an axe, cut her mast away, and she nearly righted. The decks were then cut up so that some provisions and some vinegar were got out, but hardly any water could be reached. The ship again threatening to sink, they pushed off, and committed themselves to Providence' with nei- ther food nor water that could possibly last till they should reach land. But on the second day they were rescued, by the ship Nantucket, from Massa- chusetts, which landed them at Paita, on the 1511i September 1850. The Nantucket discovered the wreck of the Essex ; and the whole narrative is Touched by the depositions of nearly a store of persons. The blanket-swallowing boa constrictor in the ZoOlogical Gardens of the Regent's Park disgorged his unwonted meal on the 8th instant, after it had been in his body five weeks and one day. In the night the watchman found the creature in the act of throwing up. the blanket; as one might put one's assisting hand to the forehead of a friend suffering a paroxysm of sea-sick- ness, the parental keeper took hold of the ejectum, and with a few gentle strains eased the poor reptile in his efforts till the blanket entirely "came away." "For this act of kindness it was thought the boa seemed grateful, as he offered no opposition, and did not strive to injure the keeper.' The blanket is found to be much shrunken in size, and it is divested of the greater portion of the loose wool or hairy filaments composing its surface. The boa is"as well as could be expected ' ; but he is "extremely attenuated, and drinks frequently."

The disgusting story so circumstantially reported of a combat between owls and rats in a Paris drawingroom is declared, by the Paris Jockey Club, to be a hoax.

The famous volcanic mountain of lIannaloa, in the Sandwich Islands, which was supposed to have been extinct for ages, has broken into activity, and vomits forth flames and cinders.