ifeartgit c fraurr.—The Imperial Government does not relax its war upon

the IT1tramontane and Pro-Papal party. M. Billault, the Minister of the Interior, has followed up his circular against Peter's Pence, by one of a more sweeping operation. It is dated November 10, and is addressed to the Prefects-

" The general law which prescribes for printers the double formality of the declaration, and depositing a copy of all publications, and in certain cases that of the stamp, has received an exceptional repeal in favour of pastoral letters ; in a spirit of generous confidence in the religious authority, the publication of acts emanating from this authority has been, in fact, by the tolerance of the Administration, freed from the surveillance implied by the deposit, and from the expense attached to the stamps. " But for some time many writings have been published under the title of Mandements,' or of 'Pastoral Letters,' treating of questions most foreign to spiritual interests—political pamphlets, in fact, in which the events now being accomplished in Europe are considered, in which the acts of the Go- vernment are discussed, and sometimes attacked with great vigour ; thus usurping the exclusive immunities granted to the special acts of the episcopal jurisdiction.

" This abuse has provoked the attention of the Government. To remedy this, the simplest and easiest measure would incontestably have been to withdraw the privilege granted, and, without distinction, to submit all its affairs to the common law. Sincerely desiroua of not obstructing in any way the action of the ecclesiastical authority in its legitimate sphere, the Government has not considered it necessary at present to resort to that radical measure.

" Those Mandements and Pastoral Letters which do not depart from the spiritual domain, and which are printed as placards in order to be posted or read in the churches, will therefore continue free of the stamps and the de- posit. But those writings, whatever may be their title, which taking the form of a pamphlet in order to emerge from the sanctuary, too often mix themselves up with temporal politics, cannot profit by a dispensation which was not established for them. Such writings, although enjoying entire liberty of publication, will be subject to the conditions of the common law.

" You will point out, Monsieur le Prefet, this distinction to the printers in your department—it is on them that are imposed the obligations of the deposit and the stamp. It is they who will be prosecuted if they do not sub- mit to the same.

" In preserving a generous exemption to publications of a spiritual order, but in opposing as much as possible the confounding of Mandements with pamphlets, religion with politics, and the decisions to which the Catholic owes obedience with opinions which the citizen may contradict, the Govern- ment is conscious of maintaining everything in its place, without prejudicing either the rights or the liberty of anybody." The Ilfoniteur thus accounts for the journey of the Empress Eugenie to Great Britain- " The sad blow which her Majesty the Empress has experienced in her family affections having rendered a change of air necessary for her health, her Majesty left three days since to make, in the most private manner, a journey in England and Scotland for a few weeks. Her Majesty left on Wednesday morning, and the Emperor accompanied her to the railway station."

S t 1p—The siege of Gaeta continues. The besiegers occupy posi- tions between Gaeta and Terraeina, and according to late news they have entered this Roman town. The French general is said to have warned them to quit it, but whether they have done so or not is not stated. The fortress is a strong one.

"The front of attack on the land side does not exceed 700 metres in ex- tent. It is defended by works cut in the rock and armed with three rows of faced batteries one of which has rifled cannon. These batteries to- gether mount about 300 guns, and their line of fire converges on the points from which the attack must necessarily be made. The ditch at the foot of the escarpment is cut in the rock, and the bottom of the escarpment itself is completely covered. The other fortified points are protected by masses of rock, which render them unapproachable. The ground in front of the place of attack is so rocky that any approaches must

be most difficult, and occupy a considerable time. Independently of those defences, Gaeta possesses a certain number of works established on the heights, among which may be mentioned the castle, the Tower of St. Francis, and the Monte Orlando, a strong fort, which commands both the land side and the sea. As to the port, it is defended by considerable works, which would cause great damage to vessels of war built of wood. In the situation in which Gaeta now is, and with the sea side remaining free in consequence of the non-recognition of the blockade by the European powers, it may, with a garrison of from 6000 to 7000 men, with supplies of all kinds, defend itself for an almost indefinite period. The struggle will be confined on both sides to a combat of artillery. The besiegers may establish mortar batteries and bombard the place; but that means will only occasion the destruction of the churches, public buildings and private houses, but will not make the defenders of it surrender, for the batteries and forts are all bomb-proof. Tho King had got one wing of his palace put into strong defence, and to it re- tired with his family."

On the other hand, it is said the troops are not all loyal, and that four generals, Salzano, Colonna, Barbalonga, and Polizzi, have resigned. One regiment has surrendered. It is stated that General Pauli has ordered that the large rifled siege cannon, on Cavalli's system, shall be sent to Gaeta. These guns are stated to be superior to all others of the kind, but they have not yet been employed in actual warfare. A number of them were sent to Sebastopol, but they did not arrive until after the taking of the Malakoff, which was too late ; others were sent to Ancona, but when they arrived negotiations for the capitulation of the place had commenced, and they were not needed. The Pays reports that five provinces arc in a state of siege. The Con- stitutionnel says-

" The Abruzzi, and more especially the provinces of Terramo and Aquila, are overrun with armed bands, who have not forgotten the traditions of Fra Diarolo. These bands do not seek to fight in the name of the cause for which they pretend to have taken arms. On the contrary, they carefully shun all encounter with the flying columns of Piedmontese sent after them. They limit their exploits to plundering and ravaging the country, to destroy- ing the houses of the more prominent partisans of Italian unity, and mur- dering the owners who may be so unlucky as to fall into their hands. The National Guard alone was for a time charged with putting them down, but flying columns have now been organized."

The Paris correspondent of the Morning Past thinks lie has found an explanation of the reaction. It is this-

" The friends of Francis II.—that is to say, Austria and the Papacy, and the Legitimists all over the world, suggest resistance at Gaeta, and at the same time an active agency to produce anarchy. The Neapolitan States are considered the beat field for reaction yet discovered since Northern and Mid- dle Italy determined to get rid of Austrian influence and those Sovereigns who were the lieutenants of the Pope and Francis Joseph. The people of the Neapolitan provinces are more under priestly influence than any other people of the Peninsula ; they are more ignorant, certainly, and easily excited. It will require a great number of Sardinian troops in various parts of this large district of the boot, to keep down the reaction. Already we hear of demon- strations in favour of Francis II. Agents are going, about telling the igno- rant classes that Victor Emmanuel is an enemy of religion ; that he is the devil, come to curse them with everlasting damnation. Again, other friends of Francis IL are at work playing with the narrow-minded jealousies and place-cupidity of the demoralized Neapolitans of the city." The King has determined to reorganize the Garibaldean army, and a commission has been appointed to determine the rank of the officers and arrange for the reenlistment of the men.

The Times correspondent at Naples Las sent an interesting, and we suppose tolerably authentic, story of the last days of Garibaldi at Naples-

" His meeting with the King was cordial and expansive on both sides; but the King's advisers were in so far wrong that they allowed themselves to be brought to the moment of that interview without any foresight or preparation against such an event. Towards the close of the conversation,

the King and Garibaldi came to talk about military operations. Well,' the King concluded, ' we shall attack Capua, and if you, General, wish to give us a hand in the attack, settle it with General Della bones, who has my instructions.' By these words Garibaldi was placed under the orders of Della Rocca. However exempt from personal ambition that excellent soul may be, he could not fail to be wounded to the quick ; add to this the reserve adopted by the King's staff towards Garibaldi's staff, and you will understand what I meant when I said that Garibaldi had been to some extent slighted. Garibaldi went back to Caserta, and placed General Medici and his division under the orders of General Della Rocca; but for himself took no part whatever in the taking of Capua. The Government became aware of the error they had committed, and tried to make up for it to the best of their ability. The political men who surround the King endeavour to excuse their want of foresight by alleging the necessity of feeling their own way, and to guess what might give pleasure to Garibaldi.

What would you have ?' said one of them to me. Garibaldi's character, on the very account of his immense virtues, of his heroic self-denial, is a very difficult one to deal with. One does not know how to lay hold of him. What could we offer him ? The rank of Marshal ? He will not accept it, out of regard for Cialdini. The great Cordon of the Annunziata ? He would answer he wears no orders. The title of Prince of Calatafimi ? He would say his name is Giuseppe Garibaldi, and he is quite right if he objects to change his name. A pension to Garibaldi ? It would only offend him. An estate ? He would say Caprera is all he wants.' " Fears were entertained that Garibaldi might set out for Caprera on the very day in which the King was to enter Naples ; it would have been a very grievous scandal, and would have revealed in the face of Europe a dissen- sion which (and keep this well in mind, for I shall have means to prove it) in reality does not exist. It was known that the General had a strong bent towards this ; and the order had been given to the Washington, as I wrote, to keep ready precisely for the Wednesday morning. It was well known that from Caserta Garibaldi had written with his own hand, and from his own inspiration, a long letter to the King, in which he especially asked of him the confirmation of all the ranks of his army. This letter was conveyed to the King by Major Nullo. The King answered the bearer, after reading it, that he would take time to answer—an evasive sentence, which did not greatly please the General. The latter, moreover, had been for several days in a very bad humour, and when his dark spirit is upon him he concentrates his thoughts within himself, and even his nearest friends cannot guess what resolution he may betake himself to. This dark humour mostly seizes lam when he is distracted between contrary feelings and conflicting decisions. But on the eve of his entrance into Naples the King himself went to Ca-

serta, called upon Garibaldi, and remained with him full two hours. Gari- baldi looked more cheerful when he parted with the King—a proof that his indecision was at an end ; and it was soon known, in fact, that he put off his departure and prepared to accompany the King to Naples, The Neapo- litan people were delighted to see him beside the King, both in the carriage, at the cathedral, and on the balcony of the Royal Palace. My impartiality as a chronicler obliges me to state that the King and the Government did all in their power to detain him. These were the proposals made to him— The four divisions which compose the Southern army, Bixio, Cosenz, Me- dici, and Turr, would be completed by the introduction of fresh volunteers (they are now mere skeletons of divisions). This Southern army would have a special organization; it would bear the denomination of Cacciatori delle Alm, or Cacciatori Garibaldi; it would have preserved, if it so pleased the General, the red blouse which distinguished it. The supreme chief of this arm would be Garibaldi himself, with the rank of Marshal, if he would accept it, and if he refused with that of General-in-chief. As to the ranks of that army, as a reform is loudly called for by many highly distinguished young men, the flower and hope of Italy, who 611 those ranks, because they acknowledge that some impure element has crept in among them, it was arranged that Garibaldi /himself should have appointed and presided over the reforming commission (Commissions Epuratrice),—a commission to which the Government would have added only one member, Cialdini, a per- sonal friend of Garibaldi, and dearest to him.

" All this so to say, officially ; but privately, as friend to a friend, these are the very words. The King offered to create Menetti, Garibaldi's eldest son, his own aide-de-camp, to endow his daughter out of his own privy purse, thus paying a debt of the nation ; and tendered to him the gift of a family estate, an old possession of the House of Savoy, with the express purpose of removing from the present anything which might wound the General's overstrained notions of decorum. All this was declined by Garibaldi with that noble self-denial which characterises him ; but his refusal will not prevent the King from fulfilling what he justly considers to be his duty.

" As to the offers respecting the army, the whole day passed off in nego- tiations conducted for the most part by Pallavicino. Garibaldi gave neither an affirmative nor a negative answer, but expressed a desire that all the ranks of the Southern army should be acknowledged and admitted without any examination, and that this army should, in every respect, be put on equal terms with the Northern army. The Government gave in ; although they well saw the serious difficulties to which such a measure, in itself laudable, would expose them. Garibaldi, always faithful to his system, which is to think only of his friends, asked that the King should appoint Bixio, Cosenza, Medici, and Turr, Lieutenant-Generals. The King acceded to his demand.

" On Wednesday evening the greatest hopes were entertained of seeing this serious difference settled, and it was expected that Garibaldi would remain at the head of his army. But on Thursday new difficulties arose.

"But we now come to the important part of the subject. Garibaldi, who owed the King a definite answer, signified to him that he could not remain, except only on condition that the civil and military government of these provinces should be intrusted to him for one year, and with full, unlimited powers. The King answered, that even if he wished it, he could not grant this, as he was a constitutional King, and Parliament had charged him with accomplishing the annexation of these provinces under constitutional franchises. Need I tell you that Garibaldi, in his demand, was not actuated by ambition ? I certainly need not, for those who read in good faith, but, perhaps, I might do so for those who put a false construction upon words to calumniate men's intentions.

" A f. or this Garibaldi left Naples, as I told you, accompanied by very few frien,io."

The _If-orb/lento of Genoa relates the following curious anecdote- " When Garibaldi arrived at Caprera, he was astonished to find the ap pearance of the island quite changed. Instead of the stony desert he had left, he saw before him well-cultivated Gelds and beautiful plantations with shady groves and spacious avenues. It looked as if a magician had been there, and struck the island with his wand, bidding nature forthwith to lavish her treasures on this chosen spot. But the General was still further surprised when, instead of his humble cottage, an elegant villa stood before him ; on entering which the mystery was soon explained ; for to ! on the walls of a fine large hall there hung the portrait of his friend Victor Em- manuel, who had turned his absence to account in order to prepare this surprise for him."

At the advanced age of eighty-two, in calm retirement at Malta, Ruggiero Settimo had received a call from Garibaldi to resume at Pa- lermo the leadership he had held in 1848: King Victor Emmanel has again summoned the veteran patriot to the Viceroyalty of his native island. The venerable patriot, in a letter full of dignity and delight, declines on the score of his health, but promises, if spared, to return to Sicily. When it is remembered that this Sicilian statesman was Prime Minister so far back as 1812, under the constitutional government which Lord William Bentinck established in that island as the condition of British protection, it is needless to add that Ferdinand got rid of him and the Palermo Parliament as soon as he had the Holy Alliance at his back. Ruggiero emerged again into activity in 1820, and, cooperating with General Pepe on the mainland, raised the standard of freedom again in Sicily ; crushed down by the hoofs of Austrian cavalry, liberty remained prostrate until 1848, when once more Ruggiero Settimo became instru- mental in his country's deliverance, preceding Garibaldi as Dictator in Palermo. Then came the bombardment of Messina, and the hordes of sanguinary Swiss let loose by Bomba on the island, followed by ten years of terrorism in the land.

i 3.—A report, generally accepted as authentic, made public early in the week, states that the British mission at Vienna is to be forthwith raised to an Embassy ; that Lord Bloomfield is to go from Berlin to be Ambassador at Vienna, and that Lord Loftus is to go from Vienna to Berlin.

The Empress of Austria has quitted Vienna for Madeira, via Antwerp, to which town, it is assumed, her husband would accompany her. Thence she sails for Madeira in the Victoria and Albert.

The -Vienna papers are now deprecating hostility to Italy, and openly hinting at the cession of Venetia.

Auriga-Eq.—Reports from Pesth, Paris, and Vienna, represent the Hungarians as indisposed to accept the Imperial concessions. They de- mand, we are told, " the complete restitution of their rights. They at first included under that denomination the reestablishment of the status quo before 1848. The difference between the situation of Hungary in 1847, and that which Francis Joseph offered it in 1860, was consider- able, but not immense, and there was perhaps a possibility—or at least Baron Vay hoped so—of coming to an understanding, and of diminish- ing that difference by means of mutual concessions. But during the three weeks which have elapsed since then, the movement in Hungary is said to have advanced greatly. The energy of some has roused others ; their demands are more openly and more boldly put forward, and the Hungarians still call for the restitutio ad integrum; ' and by these words they no longer mean the status quo before 1848, but the status quo before 1849 ! They will not admit that the ten years of reaction— from 1850 to 1860—or the two revolutionary years, 1848 and 1849, shall be alike effaced. They ask that the ten years of the Bach-Schwarzen- burg Administration, which Francis' Joseph himself now admits to be illegal, should be considered as if it had never existed, and that Hungary shall be placed in the legal position which she occupied after the events of March, 1848. This demand is expressed in a very significant manner in the propositions treated in the journals of Pesth—namely, the re- establishment for Hungary of a national and responsible Ministry, as the only guarantee for the security and maintenance of the new concessions, and the reestablishment of a national force aathe indispensable safeguard against bad faith—against another coup d'etat." If this be correct, Baron Vay and the Reicharath politicians will have failed. Certain it is that there is great delay in bringing together the Notables at Gran, and great difficulty in getting county officers to act. But it is equally ob- vious that we cannot place entire reliance on any news from Hungary. Bearing on this subject, take the following from the Paris correspondent of the Times- " Explanations, it is said, have been asked of the Piedmontese Govern- ment by the French Foreign Office as to whether it is with the knowledge or sanction of the former that Garibaldi has signified his intention of attacking Venetia in February or March next. The answer will doubtless be in the negative, and with it the Foreign Office must content itself. The plan attributed to Garibaldi is to land on the Dalmatian coast and get into hiontenegro ; to raise the population of the Black Mountain, in order to compel the Austrians to keep a considerable force on that side while the Piedmontese are busy before Venetia. The Garibaldians and the Monte- negrins might keep the country for a much longer time than would be necessary for the liberation of the last Italian province, and this would be promoted by the rising in Hungary, which, to all appearance, is inevitable. Persons of very strong Austrian opinions think that there is no escape for Austria but in the surrender of Venetia on almost any terms; for that an attempt will be made on that province, and that Hungary will profit by the occasion, is aertain."

S frill a.—A telegram from Belgrade, November 19, states that the Sultan's Berat of investiture had been read in the presence of the Pasha, the foreign Consuls, and other dignitaries. Prince Michael replied that he should reign according to the double tradition of his dynasty, viz.— fidelity to the Suzerain power, but the jealous maintenance intact of the rights of the Servian people. Rum' A tit if5.—We have advices from New York to the 7th o November. They bring the important news that the Republicans have carried their candidates for the offices of President and Vice-President- Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Hamlin. There were four sets:of candidates— the pair we have mentioned ; Mr. Douglas and Mr. Johnson, Democrats; Mr. Breckinridge and Mr. Lane, Democrats; and Mr. Bell and Mr. Everett, "Union" men. At the time of the departure of the mail, re- turns had not come in from Oregon and California, but it is assumed they would vote for Douglas. The table of returns stands as follows—

Electoral Votes.

For Lincoln and Hamlin 169 For Breckinridge and Lane 61 For Bell and Everett 57 For Douglas and Johnson 16 Whole electoral vote 303 Lincoln's majority over all 35

The actual figures may somewhat change the distribution of the States voting against Lincoln ; but from the general run of the popular vote in the Free States, we consider it perfectly safe to set down Lincoln's electoral vote at 176. The news from the Pennsylvania October election, operating upon the divided democracy on the Pacific coast, may, perhaps, give him also California and Oregon,

A correspondence has taken place between Adjutant Coppinger, of the 9th Regiment, and Lord Palmerston, on the subject of a visit of com- pany E of that regiment to England. In the letter addressed to the Minister, under the date of August 31, the inquiry is made whether a company of 100 men, including a band of music, of the New York State Militia, would be permitted to land in England and parade, armed and equipped as a military company. The letter states that company E, 9th Regunent, New York City Guard, commanded by Captain William At- terbury, is desirous of making an excursion to England next summer, in their military character, and of exchanging courtesies with the Volun- teer organizations—their "brother soldiers "—of Great Britain. The reply, dated October 12, states--

"That her Majesty's Government, as well as the whole British nation, would feel very great pleasure at a friendly visit from any portion of the people of the United States ; but it would not be consistent with the laws of the United. Kingdom that a body of armed men, organized as a military body, and not being subjects of the British Sovereign, should land in the United Kingdom and move about therein. Lord Palmerston, however, would remark that if any of the members of the corps which you mention were to come over to England in the summer of next year, bringing with them their rifles, for the purpose of entering into competition at the annual rifle shooting meeting, there can be no doubt that they would be most heartily welcomed."

The matter was still under consideration, and will be the subject of future correspondence between Adjutant Coppinger and the English Premier, through Lord Lyons, the British Minister at Washington, and Lincoln and Hamlin.

Breekinbridge and Lane.

Connecticut Illinois

6

11 Aiklarkbnianasasa 9

4

Indiana 13 Florida 3

Iowa

4 Georgia 10 Maine 8 Louisiana 6

Massachusetts 13 Mississippi 7 Michigan 6 North Carolina 10 Minnesota 4 South Carolina 8 New Hampshire 5 Texas 4 New York 35

- Ohio 23 Total 61 Pennsylvania 27

Rhode Island 4

Bell and _Everett and Fusion.

Vermont 5 Delaware 3 Wisconsin 5 New Jersey 7

— Kentucky 12 Total 169 Maryland 8

Douglas and Johnson.

Tennessee 12 California 4 Virginia 15 Oregon 3

— Missouri 9 Total 57

16 Total

Recapitulation. Mr. Archibald, the British Consul in this city. Such visits have not been unfrequent between military companies of the United States and the British provinces, and the company hope that they may yet be al- lowed to visit England in a military capacity.

still IE 1111.—Our private advices from Taranaki give fuller de-

tails than those published in the Australian papers. From them we learn that General Pratt's order for the embarkation of the women and children was vehemently resisted. Some of the women would not go. A Volunteer officer was placed in command of a body of regular soldiers and ordered to force the women on board ship at the point of the bayonet. He refused. Of course, he was placed under arrest, and will probably be tried by court-martial. Some of the women were carried on board by force. Others ran off into the bush, and did not reappear until the ships had departed. Among those who remain, more than one, capable of firing pistols and rifles with deadly aim, resolved to shoot the first man who laid hands on them or offered violence. The Magistrates met, and pre- sented a strong remonstrance to General Pratt, with which of course he was not well pleased. As to the armed expedition against the rebel palls, this is the version given by our correspondent-

" On reaching Puketakanere, the troops came on a pah evidently con- taining Maoris ; they sent in shot and shell, and got in return volleys of musketry, and heard shrieks and yells which they attribute to the execution done in cannonading the pals. The Maories fled to another strong pah in the rear of the one they evacuated. They were followed ; shelled again, they retired on a third pah. Again they were followed, and finally they fled to their stronghold, Mahoetai, which must be impregnable till the country is cleared. It is in the middle of dense bush, with strong natural defences on all sides. The pah is the strongest ever made by the Maories. The 1500 troops made no attempt to take it, or even reach it ; indeed, from what we hear, it would have been only an useless sacrifice of life, for the savages can retreat into the forest beyond all reach when they please."

We hear also that the Waikatoes, who had gone home, gave out that they had driven the White men before them, and took what they liked ; and they declared they would return in greater force after they had planted their crops.