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FPANCE.—There is scarcely a fact of importance to communicate from France. During the week, the Council of State, which is a sort of secret committee, have been discussing the budget of 1854; and as the Em-

peror is said to have determined upon "an equilibrium," they have a hard tatk. By decree the wages of the sub-officers of the Navy have been in- creased ; and the Admirals and Captains in Paris have been summoned to receive a communication from the Minister of Marine.

Id. de Lacour succeeds M. de Lavalette at Constantinople ; and M. de Bourqueney succeeds M. de Lacour at Vienna.

There has been a plentiful supply of anecdotes arising out of the late razzia against the journalists. M. Idonselet, a writer in the Assemblie, was dining at the house of a friend: the Police entered during dinner, and not only insisted on searching that house, but also the rooms of M. Monselet—who being a reactionary writer of the deepest dye, was greatly scandalized, and quite indignant when he was locked up. Ano- ther of the victims was M. de Planhol : referring to the treatment he met with, the Paris correspondent of the Morning Chronicle tells a good story. "After having in vain searched M. de Planhors repositories for papers, the Commissary of Police came at last to a box containing a quantity of letters, all dated previous to the coup d'etat of December 1851. The letters were written in the most violent language against the reactionaires, and contained ultra-Republican sentiments, carried to the utmost verge of what is now though improperly, called Socialism. am sorry for you, M. de Planhol,' said the functionary, 'but these are papers of a very compromising charac- ter.' No doubt,' replied M. de Planhol, 'that is the case; these letters were written by one of my friends, who, after having been a sincere and con- vinced Republican, has sold himself to the Government : the writer of the letters is at present the principal editor of the .Pays, and calls himself the Viscount Arthur de la Guerronniare.' " GERMANY.—The Emperor of Austria has been wounded by an assas- sin, in his own capital. On the 18th instant, about one o'cloek in the day, his Majesty was walking on the ramparts, attended by his suite a little in the rear. When he reached the bastion near the Carinthian Gate, the Emperor stopped and leaned over the wall, to look on some soldiers at their exercise in the dry moat ; Count O'Donnel alone was near him, similarly engaged. At this moment a young man rushed upon the Em- peror, and struck him with a knife in the neck; the collar of his Majesty's military uniform lessened the force of the blow, and a slight wound only was inflicted. Instantly Count O'Donnel, drawing his sword, cut at the assassin ; a passing citizen pinioned him from behind ; and he was led off to the Police-office, guarded by soldiers. Meanwhile, the Emperor walked to the palace of the Archduke Albrecht ; where his wound was dressed, and he was taken to bed. However slight the wound, it appears to have been since attended with intermitting fever ; but the latest accounts say -that the Emperor was rapidly recovering.

Lebeny, tho assassin, is said to be a Hungarian—a slight person, twenty- three years of age. He is reported to have behaved recklessly at the Po- lice-office ; declaring that he alone was in the work, the agent of a plot; and that he did not intend to kill but only to wound the Emperor.

The long-debated commercial, treaty between Austria and Prussia was signed at Berlin on the evening of the 19th instant. The following sum- .mary of its provisions is from the Times. As far as we are acquainted with the terms of this important conven- tion, it leaves each party at liberty to regulate its own eommercial tariff, :subject to certain general principles of a liberal character. Thus, Austria renounces all prohibitory duties, except on the peculiar articles of salt, to- bacco gunpowder, and playing-cards, which are Government monopolies. The tilde in raw materials, &c., as defined in the first schedule of the treaty, is free. All export-duties on the produce of one state sold to the other are abolished. Navigation-dues are equalized between the ships and ports of both countries. 'fhe consular agents of both countries are to protect the common interests of both. Transit-dues are abolished, and access to the

rivers, canals, and railroads of both parties, is mutually conceded on the same terms. Provision is made for the introduction of a uniform monetary sys-

tem. The present treaty is concluded for a period of twelve years, and at a suitable time commissioners are to consider the propriety of effecting a more intimate commercial union." It is further stated by the Tinges that "the commercial adherents of Prussia in Germany are invited to accede to the treaty, as well as the commercial adherents of Austria in Italy, including, .eonsequently, the Principalities of Parma, Modena, and Tuscany. On the other hand, as the essential object of the Darmstadt league of minor states was to obtain the certainty of closer commercial relations with Austria before they closed again with the conditions of the Prussian Zollverein, the princi- pal purpose of that separate combination is secured, and it is probable that no further difficulties of moment will prevent the reconstitution of the Zoll- verein. Even Hanover is not indisposed to join the new compact; and it is desirable that the Northern States should threw into the scale their influ- -ence, favourable as it is to low import-duties and foreign trade."

MONTENEGRO.—The perplexing war continues to feed speculation. After suspending operations for some time, Omar Pasha has again com- menced hostilities ; but it is said that Prince Danielo bad made good use .of the interval by fortifying the weaker approaches to his capital.

Meanwhile, there are innumerable rumours concerning the mission of Count Leiningen to Constantinople. As far as we can gather from the current reports, he arrived at Constantinople on the 30th January, with an ultimatum of which the following paragraphs contain the pith— "The supremacy or protectorate over all the Christian population in the provinces borderino.* the Austrian territory. " The cession of sovereignty over certain tracts of land near the Bocce de Cutter°, belonging by right and possessed de facto by Turkey, in virtue of treaties stipulated with Austria.

"The recognition of the independence of Montenegro."

To these demands the Porte replied on the 9th instant, rejecting the -ultimatum, and placing itself under the joint protectorate of France and England. Such is the latest news. It is added, by a letter from Vienna, that not only Count Leiningen but the 'whole of the Austrian Legation had left Constantinople.

ITALY.—The Austrian menace against Switzerland was followed up by a close blockade of the entire frontier and the expulsion of all the Tici- nese from Lombardy. In Milan itself the strictest measures have been enforced. Count Gyulai has returned to his post. Marshal Itadetzky issued another rigorous proclamation, from Verona, on the 11th. He says, that, "with few exceptions," the inhabitants of Lombardo-Venetia have allowed themselves to be frightened by the infamous party of sub- version, instead of siding frankly and openly with the Imperial Govern- ment. Therefore he will treat them with the "utmost rigour and most -extreme seventy." Accordingly, he directs the judiciary authorities to sequester, on the first legal indication, the property of all who are impli- cated in acts of high treason, "even were that complicity merely to result from the omission to disclose treasonable plots." This proclamation sent a shudder of terror through the hearts of the Milanese. The streets of the town up to the 17th, were nearly deserted: Whistling and shouting in the streets were forbidden; singing in the churches was prohibited ; the silence of the city was only disturbed by the tramp of tr.ops. Four more persons had been hanged ; one an old schoolmaster, who had stepped out of his house to order some milk, and had become involved among a crowd of flying insurgents, on the 6t11. The gates of Milan were still closed, and the soldiers were kept in barracks.

Count Gyulai received a deputation of notable inhabitants on the 17th, who besought him to mitigate the rigours of the state of siege. Ile pro- mised to write to the Emperor and to Radetzky ; but he held out no hopes. He reminded the deputation, that when the Emperor visited the city they had received him rudely ; and even he, the Governor, had been so neglected that he scarcely recognized a face among the members of the deputation. The Municipal Council had been directed to hand over 30,000 florins every Wednesday until further orders.

1Jstrran STATES.—The Andes arrived at Liverpool on Tuesday night, with advices from New York to the 8th instant.

The Senate at Washington were still discussing the Monroe doctrine. Mr. Clemens of Alabama, a Democratic Senator, made a speech on the 7th against the resolutions ; alleging not only that there would be a want of wisdom in reaffirming the Monroe doctrine at the present moment, but that it was desirable not to embarrass the foreign policy of General Pierce. The debate was again adjourned. Mr. Davis had introduced a bill on the subject of the Fisheries, which enacts that whenever the President of the United States shall be satisfied that the American fishermen are admitted to the privileges of British re- sidents in the Provinces, with all the incidental rights of curing and pre- paring for market the proceeds of such fisheries, both upon water and land, then he shall issue his proclamation authorizing the fishermen of the British Provinces to enjoy the like privileges in the waters of the United States, together with the privilege of entering the ports of entry in the United States on the payment of the same duties which are re- quired by law of American fishing-vessels ; provided that nothing in this act contained shall affect the private rights of fishing, or give any right to occupy private property, except upon agreement.

We have also the views of the Government embodied in a report from Mr. Everett to President Fillmore on the state of the negotiations with England on the subject of the fisheries and commercial reciprocity. The British Government desire to admit American fishing-vessels to full par- ticipation in the benefits of the fisheries, on condition of a similar conces- sion by the United States ; and also desiring a reciprocity in the admis- sion of produce and in inland navigation. Mr. Everett, however, states that obstacles have arisen which will render it impossible to submit a comprehensive arrangement to the Senate this season ; but he urges the immediate settlement of the fisheries part of the question.

In the House of Representatives, on the 11th, Mr. Seymour, from the Committee on Commerce, reported a Canadian Reciprocity Free-trade Bill.

The Tehuantepec grant had been the subject of debate. The resolutions submitted by the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations distinctly state, that if Mexico refuse to reconsider her action in the matter, and refuse to reaffirm this right of way, that then it would become the duty of the United States Government "to adopt such measures as will preserve the honour of the country and the rights of its citizens." It is thought not improbable that the Tehuantepec question may lead to the calling of an extra session of Congress.

A report in one of the New Orleans papers states that the authorities of the State of Honduras have taken possession of the English settlement at Limas—have appointed a commandant, and issued a declaration that the territory will be held at all hazards. This requires confirmation.

It appears that letters to or from France, passing through England, are charged sixteen extra cents when sent by the Collins line, and that sum is not credited to the American Government. An order from the United States Post-office department of the 24th January raised the postage 16 cents on French letters coming to the United States by the Cunard line. This will have a tendency to encourage the sending of letters by the Bremen and Havre boats.