311i5u,llaurauL

The following is a complete Ift-O-f the new Administration, so far as it has been formed.

THE CABINET COIINCTL.

First Lord of the Treasury Earl of Derby.

Chancellor of the Exchequer Mr. Disraeli. Lord Chancellor Sir Edward Sugden.

Lord President of the Council Earl of Lonsdale.

Lord Privy Seal .., Marquis of Salisbury

-

Home Secretary ... Mr. Walpole. Foreign Secretary Earl of Mahnesbury. Colonial Secretary Sir John Pakington. First Lord of the Admiralty Duke of Northumberland. President of the Board of Control Mr. Berries.

President of the Board of Trade .. ...... Mr. Henley.

Postmaster-General Earl of Hardwicke.

First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings I Lord John Manners.

MILITARY.

Commander-in-chief Doke of Wellington.

Master-General of the Ordnance Viscount Hardinge.

Surveyor-General Clerk of the Ordnance Secretary at War Mr. Beresford.

IRELAND.

Lord-Lieutenant Earl of Eglinton.

Chief Secretary Lord Naas. Attorney-General Mr. Napier. Solicitor-General., Mr. Whiteside.

' THE QUEEN'S HOUSEHOLD.

Lord Steward of the Household Duke of Montrose.

Treasurer Lord Claude Hamilton.

Comptroller. Mr. Cecil Forester. Lord Chamberlain.... .• . .........

CIVIL ADMINISTRATION.

ir The Marquis of Chandos. I Lord Henry Lennox.

I Mr. Bateson. i Mr. John Neeld.

j Mr. G. A. Hamilton. I Mr. Forbes Mackenzie. Home—Sir William Joliffe.

Under Secretaries of State Foreign—Lord Stanley.

Colonial—The Earl of Desert.

President and Parliamentary Secretary of I Sir John Trollope. Secretary of the Poor-law Board . ..... Sir James Emerson Tennant. Vice-President of the Board of Trade Lord Colchester.

l Mr. Henry Baillie. Secretaries of the Board of Control / Mr. Cumming Bruce.

LEGAL

Attorney-general Sir Frederick Thesiger.

Solicitor-General Sir Fitzroy Kelly.

Judge-Advocate-General Mr. Bankes.

Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Mr. Christopher.

Lord-Advocate of Scotland Solicitor-General for Scotland

NAVAL.

(Lear-Admiral Hyde Parker.

.Captain P. Homby. Commodore Sir Thos. Herbert. - Captain Milne.

Air. Augustus Stafford. -Junior Lords of the Treasury Joint Secretaries of the Treasury Junior Lords of the Admiralty Secretary to the Adm:rilty Vice-Chamberlain Lords in Waiting Captain of the Gentleman at Arms Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard Mester of the Horse Clerkaarshall Master of the Buckhounds

Some of the offices do not seem to have been settled without difficulty.. On Sunday, the Secretaryship of the Home Department was mentioned certainly as destined for Mr. Disraeli. The subsequent allotment of the Chancellorship of the Exchequer to that gentleman surprised the public and mystified the uninitiated Conservatives. The Morning Post said frankly—"It cannot be doubted that such an arrangement was among the least expected of any which it has been our duty to announce." The placing of Mr. Herries, the veteran financier of the party, at the head of the Board of Control, is explained in the Standard by reference to his ad- vancing years and abated energy; but this excuse overlooks the fact that as President of the Board of Control Mr. Herries will be placed in the very front of the battle on the renewal of the East India Company's Charter. The Chancellorship of the Exchequer is said to have been declined by Mr. Thomas Baring. A seat in the Cabinet was offered to Lord Lyndhurst, but declined on the plea of infirm health, with promises of cordial support. The Duke of Richmond also declined office, and promised support The Chancellorship of the Duchy of Lancaster was at first ascribed to Sir John Yarde Buller, 'whose name does not now appear in the Administra- tion. The Marquis of Londonderry or Lord Combermere was put down for the Master-Generalship of the Ordnance, to give way finally to Lord Hardinge. Lord Jocelyn was mentioned as a Secretary of the Board of Control; but he has requested the daily papers to "contra- dict the statement that he had accepted office under Lord Derby's Ad- ministration." An Under-Secretaryship at the Board of Trade was offered to Mr. George Frederick Young, and declined on the score of health : elaborate regrets are expressed by the Standard at the loss of Mr. Young's services, and the public is assured that Lord Darby "made the offer in a spirit of the greatest cordiality," and hopes to get Mr. Young's services when his health is fully confirmed.

One of the most significant and at the same time amusing features of the political overturn which has inverted the official position of parties, is the sudden air of solemn responsibility which the Conservative journals assume ; and the extreme moderation of the demands which they make on behalf of their party, of "things to be done" by the new Ministry. Instead of the tumultuous jubilation which broke forth in shouts of con- summated hope when the Peel Ministry came into power, we had, as early as Monday, the commencement of a series of carefully-written articles, dwelling on the facts that "the Russell Ministry was notput out by the Earl of Derby and the Country party," and that office had been suddenly forced upon them; portraying their position as one of "considerable difficulty " ; and therefore urging, that "a Government upon which a task is imposed is entitled to forbearance from all, but greatest forbearance from its friends." Mach stress was laid on the necessity for giving perfect confidence and plenty of time to the leaders of the party. The Standard magnified "the mountains of falsehood which would have to be cleared away before the mass of the people could be made to understand their actual position and their true interests." On the subject of Free-trade it said, just as we re- print the sentence—" The Derby Administration, whatever opinions it holds, is not pledged to a restoration of Protection unless the people call for it" ; and presently, in the same article, it added—" The new Ministry, we are persuaded, will not force Protection." The Stand. ard hinted that "the first care" of the Earl of Derby, "in the pre- sent doubtful state of Europe, must be the defence of the empire against foreign insult" ; for "had due care been taken to augment our naval and coast defences, and to arm and train our people, we need not," in past times, "have expended a shilling in subsidies." Subsequently the same journal opined, that "possibly the Law is the only department in which for some 1010Pithd Earl Derby's Government can make active progress." But the Morning Post has abated even one of these attenuated promises. Going over the legacy of Law-Reform measures left by the deceased Cabinet, it observed, on the Chancery Reform Bill, that Mr. Henley is a layman, unconversant with Equity details ; the Attorney-General and Solicitor-General are both Common-Lawmen, and neither of them was a member of the Chancery Commission; Mr. Walpole, a Chancery barrister, will have no spare attention left at his disposal by the duties of the Home Office; while the Lord Chancellor "can hardly be expected to adopt the measure prepared by the late Government," "for on many points he differed from the recommendations" on which it was founded. The Suitors in Chancery Relief Bill and the Common-Law Procedure Bill are the measures alone which it may be expected the Government will proceed with; one of those having already been explained, and the other being now in a Select Committee of the Lords.

In one of its most recent articles, the Standard quotes the letter of a valved correspondent, who says —"The present House of Commons will do nothing for British industry" ; "the next House will probably do something, yet perhaps less at first than justice to suffering interests and true British policy would dictate : but full justice will be done at last." The Standard ejaculates, with unconscious dolor, "Full justice will be done at last : let this be our consolation for the present evil times."

The buzz of election-preparation is now general, though the degree of excitement is very moderate. Every day brings to the daily prints a string of reports concerning local prospects at scores of places in all three divisions of the "United Kingdom. At present, however, the statements have generally but an indefinite purport—of intended candidatures, re- tirements, and contests ; only in a few instances is there a political fact or a personal point of interest. In the Metropolis, Mr. Charles Lushington has announced his intention to retire fnipa Westminster ; and Mr. John Villiers Shelley, the Liberal Sussex squire who tackled Mr. Sanders, the Protectionist merchant Mem- ber for Wakefield, about the price of corn, last summer, is a candi- date: he acknowledges youthful errors of Conservatism, but avows that he has now ripened into "the unflinching advocate of the ballot, an ex- tended suffrage, triennial Parliaments, and the abolition of the system of centralization." At Nottingham, it is reported that Mr. Charles Dickens is invited to a contest for a place beside the tried Radical Mr. Thomas Gisborne.

Lord Seahara.

(Lords Morton

Polworth. Lords Morton, Byron, Crofton, Hawardea. Verulam, Galway, Lord Sandwich.

Lord de Boa.

Earl of Jersey. Lord Colville.

Earl of Rosalyn

Buckinghamshire rumours have it that a Free-trader is to be put up against Mr. Disraeli—for what conceivable purpose, those who know the constituency are at a loss to guess. At Exeter, it is said that Sir Fitzroy Kelly hopes confidently to find the seat which he will require as Solicitor- GeneraL The Record says that Dr. Twiss is "not unlikely" to be a can- didate for the University of Oxford—of course in opposition to Mr. Glad- stone, and as the coadjutor of Sir Robert Inglis.

An elaborate Parliamentary return exhibits the numbers of electors registered in Great Britain in the years 1850 and 1851, the various qualifications of the voters, the numbers polled at the last contest, the population, and other particulars. A few facts may be culled. The smallest English county constituency in 1851 was Rut]and-1876; South Lancashire had 21,196 voters ; and the West Riding, the largest constituency in the empire, 37,319. The Welsh counties varied from 1006 in Merionethshire to 6424 in Glamorganshire. In the list of bo- roughs and cities, Caine has the smallest constituency-160; the next lowest is Andover-241. There are nine constituencies over 10,000 each : Bristol, 12,548; Manchester, Westminster, Liverpool, Lambeth, Marylebone, London, and Finsbury, form an ascending aeries, capped by the Tower Hamlets, the largest borough constituency, with 23,534 re- gistered electors. The boroughs of Wales vary in number of voters from Brecon with 336 to Swansea with 1694. The smallest constituency in a Scotch county is in Sutherlandshire-207 ; the largest, Perth, with 4938 voters. None of the town constituencies are very small. Glasgow has the largest total of electors-15,502.

We understand that the Queen has been pleased to name the youngest son of Cluny Macpherson, of Cluny, as one of her Majesty's Pages of Honour.—Inverness Courier.

The office of Dean of the Arches Court, vacant by the decease of Sir Herbert Jennor Fust, has been conferred on Sir John Dodson.

The Trinity Board have had under their consideration the question of the light-dues on shipping, and have come to the conclusion of adapting a reduced scale of dues.—Shipping Gazette.

The Colonial Legislature of South Australia has passed a bill author- izing the Government to make a railway from Adelaide, the capital, to its port. Mr. John Cartwright Hill, the son of Mr. Commissioner Hill and nephew of Mr. Rowland Hill of the Post-office, is appointed chief engi- neer to the undertaking.

The Treasury has sanctioned a plan submitted to it by the Admiralty, for forming a naval reserve," to consist of 200 petty officers of the first class, 400 petty officers of the second class, and 4000 able seamen. The officers must have served six years ; and the seamen must have served three years, and have got certificates of good conduct. The mon of the reserve will be borne on the books of ships in commission, but will be fur- nished with "leave-tickets," renewable at the end of each year; they will present themselves for inspection at ports named, three times a year. The wages will be—for first-class officers 12/., second-class officers 9/., seamen 6/. a year. The men will be liable to give active service for a period of five years. The coat of the "naval reserve" will be 33,6001. a year.

The Ordnance Estimates for 1852 are 2,437,163/., against 2,411,496/. last year. The excess, 25,666/., goes for an increase of 1000 men to the Artillery corps. But this addition does not seem likely to be an addition so far to the home defences ; for it is to be made by increasing each com- pany ten men, and half of the companies are serving abroad.

The estimate of the further sum required to be voted towards defraying the expenses of the Caffre war, beyond the ordinary grants for Army, Navy, Orlaiance, and Commissariat services, for the years 1850-51 and 1861-62, is stated by a Parliamentary paper, issued on Thursday, to be no less than 460,000/.

"How is it," asks the Times, "that with 6,000,000/. a year to main- tain a navy withal, we have no force to protect our own coasts ? Why have we no squadron forthcoming ? Why are the steam guardships only just finished, though ordered six years ago ? Why are we so short of steamers that one is charged with the work of two ?" The journalist answers his questions by presenting the main items of the Navy Esti- mates. We epitomize his useful explanations—

In the first place, it is not absolutely true that we expend 6,000,000/. a year upon the "Navy," in the sense controversially employed ; from this sum 1,354,6151. must be deducted for "non-effective services," leaving but 4,140,273/. as the estimate for the yearly expense of the actual navy. Of this sum 1,975,632/. goes for wages and victuals of 26,000 seamen, 2000 boy!, and 11,000 marines, who are certainly not paid too much or fed too deli- cately. "If these sworn protectors are not forthcoming, it must be because some foreign stations enjoy a preference over our own coasts." About 1,905,8051. is spent on the "dockyards and artificers." The remainder—about 260,0001.—must go for "odds and ends." How is the sum of 1,905,805/. made up ? "Her Majesty's establishments at home" carry off about 132,0001.; her establishments abroad some 23,000/. more. Wages to artificers absorb about 700,0001.while "new works and repairs' take 265,1401., and stores and materials are set down at 782,495/.

The question that these figures suggest is this—is it right and proper, under acknowledged circumstances that our ships should cost as much yearly as their crews? "It is admitted that we have already many more ships than we know how to use ; and that we have been laying in the same stock year after year for a quarter of a century with no corresponding wear and tear at all, except from actual rot. We have been always at peace, or virtually so ; we have never had more than a handful of ships in commission, and we may almost say that we have lost none by accident. Why, then, should we con- tinue devoting so large a proportion of our gross expenditure to purposes which leave us destitute of men at the moment we require them ? " The Estimates give but meagre replies to these questions. "We know that arti- ficers cost 702,260/. we know that stores and materials consume 782,4951.; and we are told that new works require 265,1401. but what the artificers Are employed upon, and what the materials are aed for, we can only infer from conjecture. Just at present, perhaps, our guess might be a pretty good one, but, as we see that an official minute has been published 'cautioning all persons employed in the dockyards from furnishing information to news- papers,' we must henceforth place implicit confidence in the absolute wisdom of the Admiralty. When we remember that it was actually alleged, but the other day, as a reason for dismantling ships perfectly fit for sea, that it was only by such method that every ship could get a turn of service, we must needs conclude that for a year or two at least we cannot be in want of new ones ; and we venture to hiut, that the experiments of bisecting and meta- morphosing our vessels might be profitably suspended 'for at least the same period." But at all events, "it appears that a very large item, amounting, in fact, to nearly one-half of the whole charge, is open to serious doubt" ; go that on these items alone "there is an ample margin for future economists!.

One of the matters dealt with by Earl Granville' during his brief tenure of the Foreign Secretaryship, was the remonstrances addressed to our Government by several Foreign Governments on the subject of the intrigues and conspiracies in which the foreign refugees now in England are said to be engaged. Lord Granville replied to those remonstrances on the 13th January, in a despatch that was published directly after the meeting of Parliament.

Explaining over again, as our Ministers have before explained, the state of the English law upon the subject, he showed that any real breach of the hospitalities which we give to refugees can be punished by fine and impri- sonment, and that offenders in this respect are equally open to prosecution by foreigners and by the English Government " Measures in the form of Alien Acts have been at different times resorted to by the British Legisla- ture, by which the ',ewer of expelling foreigners, in case of necessity, has

been conferred on the Executive Government ; but such .powers, even when asked for only for the maintenance of internal tranquillity, have been re- garded by the people of this country with jealousy.' Seeking to justify this "general hospitality" in the sight of Austria by pointing to those who had benefited from it, he said— "Among them may be mentioned Kings and Princes of the two branches of the Bourbon family and the Prime Ministers of France and Austria. It is obvious that this hospitality could not be so freely given if it were not so widely extended. If a discretionary power of removing foreigners were- vested in the Crown, appeals would be constantly made by the dominant party in foreign countries for the expulsion of their political- opponents who might have taken refuge in Great Britain. Monarchical Governments might object to Republican refugees, and Republican Governments might object to Royalist refugees ; and it would be difficult to defend such hospitality, which would then be founded upon favour and not upon equal laws."-

He specifically answered some arguments founded on the conduct of England towards the United States, and towards American subjects land- ing in Ireland, in 1848.

"Her Majesty's Government adhere to the principle laid down by Vis- count Palmerston in his note of the 30th of September 1848, to the United

States' Envoy at this Court, in relation to certain citizens of the Unita States who had come direct thence to Ireland, then in a state of partial insurrection. Lord Palmerston did not in that note ask for any change in the American laws; and he expressly forebore to press the President of the United States with representations against the offenders, but merely said that those who visited a country in a state of insurrection must take their chance like persons whom curiosity might lead into a field of battle ; and that the American Government must not take it amiss if citizens of the United States who visited Ireland at that time were involved in the consequences of mea- sures aimed at men of a different description. The measures, however, to which he alluded were taken with reference only to persons to whom, under the peculiar circumstances of the moment, suspicion attached. But it would be in the highest degree unjust and unworthy of the enlightened character of any European Government, and wholly unwarranted by the course pur- sued by the British Government on that occasion, to put vexatious Im- pediments in the way of unoffending English travellers,by way of retaliation for the acts of foreign refugees in England. While, how- ever, her Majesty's Government cannot consent, at the request of Fo- reign Governments, to propose a change in the laws of England, they would not only regret, but would highly condemn, any attempts on the part of foreign refugees in England to excite insurrection against the Governments of their respective countries. Such conduct would be con- sidered by her Majesty's Government as a flagrant breach of the hospitality which those persons enjoy. The attention of her Majesty's Government will- continue to be directed to the proceedings of suspected foreign refugees in title country; and they will endeavour by every legal means to prevent them from abusing the hospitality, Bo liberally accorded to them by the British laws, to the prejudice of countries and Governments in amity and alliance with Great Britain."

The Vienna Gazette of the 17th instant published the reply of Prince. Schwarzenberg to this answer of Earl Granville, in the shape of a de- spatch addressed to Count Buol-Schauenstein, the Austrian Minister at London, under date the 4th of February. Prince Schwarzenberg observes that the " ripat of asylum" was not con- tested no more than was it "pretended to dictate to the English Govern-

ment, itself the most competent judge, the means to be employed to obviate the flagrant abuses of that right" He acknowledges the assurances of Lord Granville, and expresses a hope "that the English. Government will in fu- ture, more fully and more rigorously than has hitherto been the ease make use of the legal means at its disposal, and which it seems it deems sufficing to enable it to fulfil its international duties with regard to the proceedings of the refugees."

"Meantime, however successful may be these dispositions of the English. Government, the almost unbounded freedom of action enjoyed hitherto by the- refugees in England, in concocting revolutionary schemes against the tran-

quillity of the states of the Continent, imposes upon us the duty of taking on our side some precautionary measures to shield us against the inconvemen-

cies and dangers of which that freedom is the source. The Imperial author- ities will receive immediate instructions to be doubly on their guard against travellers from England, and to carry out to the letter, as regards their pass- ports, the regulations in force, to which, under other circumstances, excep- tions were made in favour of British subjects. The Imperial Government, moreover, reserves to itself to take ulterior measures should they, unhappily, be found necessary."

A treaty between her Majesty and the Republic of New Granada, for the suppression of the slave-trade, was signed at Bogota on the 2d of April 1851. [Thetis, nearly ekren months ago, though the fact is now publishedi as news.] Result of the Registrar-General's return of mortality in the Metropolis for the week ending on Saturday last—

Zymotic Diseases 1,970 ... , 192 Dropsy, Cancer, and other diseases of uncertain or variable seat 661

....

is

Tubercular Diseases

213-

Diseases of the Brain, Spinal Marrow, Nerves, and Senses

Go!

11 , , , , 21t1, Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels

406

Diseases of the Lungs, and of the other Organs of Respiration

2,256

503

....

Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs of Digestion

590 ....

50

Diseases of the Kidneys, Se

108

Childbirth, diseases of the Uterus, Sc

110

Rheumatism, diseases of the Bones, Joints, Sc 87 „ .. , 10 Diseases of the Skin, Cellular Tissue, Sc 12

Malformations

32 .... I

Premature Birth 227

,.3

Atrophy 161

A88

G83

Sudden 140 . , , , 31

Violence,Primition,Cold, and Intemperance

300 ... „

41

—

Total (including unspecified muss)

.

1,073

Ten Weeks Week of 1841-50. of 1851.

Laeordaire, the celebrated Dominican preacher of Paris, is expected in England, on a mission to visit the convents of hie order in this country. He is at present in Belgium, and will also visit Holland on the same mission be- fore coming to England.

We are informed that one of the strictest kinds of convents is about to be established in Leeds. It is said that Lady Harris, widow of the late Sir William Harris, Envoy to Abyssinia, has recently become a Roman Catholic in Edinburgh, under the influence of the Jesuits ; and that she has made over all her property and the beautiful estate of Sea Cliff in Haddington- shire, to the Jesuits. It is understood that this lady, after performing a no- vitiate at an austere convent in Grenoble, is to found a similar institution in Leeds. Lady Harris is niece to Colonel Outram, so distinguished a British Resident in Seinde.—.Leeds Mercury.

While Mr. Slack, of Ann's Hill, near :Cockermouth, was riding out on Saturday last for exercise, with his eldest daughter and Miss Edmonstone, a fine dog fox suddenly sprang past them, and was instantly challenged by Mr. Slack's fine old dog Duke. Off the whole party went in pursuit, over fell and moor, for six or seven miles ; and Reynard was killed near Work- ington, the ladies being well up in the chase. He weighed more than 20 pounds, and has long been the plague of the farm-yards. The gallant achieve- ment of the ladies has caused an immense sensation in the sporting circles throughout the country-side.—Carlisie Patriot.

The herdsman of a farm in North Uist had occasion one day lately to send his daughter for the cattle under his charge. There were about eighty of them' and among them two bulls, one of which was occasionally in the habit of assaulting people. On the day in question the damsel unwarily approached the bull too closely, when he immediately gave chase. On a level field, without dikes, bogs, or any other place of refuge, to resort to, what would the reader have done—for to run home, a distance of three-quarters of a mile, was out of the question ? The girl, with great presence of mind, ran over to the other bulla good-natured animal, and much stronger than her assailant. Standing close by his side, and tapping him kindly on the back, she drove him towards her father's house, followed by her enraged enemy, who kept roaring and fuming all the way ; but when he came too close, her protector turned round and with a shake and toss of his head kept the assailant at bay. In this manner the fugitive arrived safely at home.— Inverness Courier.

The West of England is at last to be connected with London by telegraph. The electric telegraph is now in operation between London and Bath, and in _about a week it will be finished to Bristol ; when operations will be immedi- ately commenced to carry it on to Exeter, thereby connecting London and Plymouth.

A copy of the 1640 edition of Ben Jonson's Works, containing on the in- side of one of the covers an unpublished poem in the handwriting of the poet, was sold last week by Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson for 14/. The volume formed part of the library of the Honourable Archibald Fraser of Levet, and all the books were catalogued by Messrs. Sotheby for sale • the very existence of the poem was unknown. The arms of Carr, Earl of SOrner- set, long the favourite of James the First, are still visible in their faded gilding on the exterior cover of each volume. On the inside of one of the covers is written, in a handwriting of a century ago—" These verses were made by the author of this booke, and were delivered to the Earl of Somer- sett upon his Lordship's wedding-day." Then follow the verses on .a separate half-sheet of paper, headed "To the most noble and above his titles Robert Earle of Somerset."

The number of new operas performed in Italy during the year 1851 amounted to thirty ; the majority were at Naples, Turin, and Florence. With scarcely an exception, the renown of their composers has not yet pene- trated across the frontiers of their native country.

The retirement of the Marquis of Normanby from his post at Paris has led to a discovery that his steward has been playing the rogue to the amount of 50,000 francs. Salvator, an Italian, had been in the service of the Marquis for eighteen years ; for some years past he appropriated to his own use a part of the money which he received, to discharge tradesmen's bills, putting off the creditors with promissory notes : the Italian had speculated in the Fantle, and been unsuccessful. The Marquis felt disposed to pardon him ; but the persons who had been kept out of their money so long had given notice of the discovery to the Police, and Salvator was arrested.

News has arrived from Penang of the death of Mr. M`Bride, master of the Troy, of Liverpool, under extraordinary circumstances. The vessel had left Penang for Bombay ; the master had been drunk for several days; on the 8th of December he set fire to a quantity of gunpowder in his cabin ; the explosion burnt him, and serfire to the cabin. He rushed on deck, exclaim- ing that he had blown up the ship ; and, after twice attempting to shoot the man at the helm, he got possession of a knife, leaped into the stern-boat, and out away one of the ropes : he was thus thrown into the sea, and, al- though subsequently recovered, he died in a few hours. The crew had ex- tinguished the fire in the cabin: the vessel put back to Penang. A Coroner's inquest was held, and a verdict returned that M`Bride had died from the effects of excessive drinking and of the burns from the explosion.