29 SEPTEMBER 1923, Page 2

There are signs that developments of a remarkable kind arc

to be expected in Turkey. Mustapha Kemal has suddenly begun to talk about " democratic republics " and about " the internal development of Turkey not being finished." At the moment Turkey is ruled in theory by the Grand National Assembly, which is invested with full executive, judicial and legislative powers, and in practice by Kemal Pasha, with the title of Ghazi, and his followers of the Popular Party. This is obviously only a temporary arrangement, and some definite form of Government must- be - worked - out, especially in view of the resumption of Turkey's relations with the Powers. Rut what has disturbed the Turkish Press is the problem of what Keznal's position will be if Turkey becomes a republic. Only too obviously he will become its first President. Now Presidents, especially " first Presidents," do• one of two things. They fall quietly out of political life and become the " Grand Old Men " of their particular movement, or they very soon stop being President and become " King," " Emperor," " Protector " or " Sultan," as the case may be. And this, there is an uneasy feeling, is much more " in the Kemal tradition."