Jump fut

plum—The Emperor and Empress have returned from Biarritz. They arrived at St. Cloud on the 29th September. Prince Napoleon left Paris on the 26th for Warsaw. He had just returned to Paris from a sudden expedition to Biarritz. Faute de mieux, the foreign papers are speculating much on the object of his mission, not content with the obvious explanation that he has gone to be present at the military manceuvres near the Polish capital, where the Emperor of Russia now is. The Government of Austria is reported to be much alarmed at the meeting of the Emperor Alexander, Prince Napoleon, the Prince of Prussia, and Prince Charles of Bavaria.

The London correspondent of the Nord anticipates the speedy return of Count de Persigny to London as French Ambassador. It appears, according to the Pays, that the great works undertaken in the ports of Cherbourg and Brest are not the only ones that Govern- ment has determined shall be simultaneously executed in all the French ports on the Atlantic. Estimates have been prepared and credits fixed for placing all, these ports in a respectable state of defence. 150,000,000f. have been allocated for the defence of the port of Havre, of which 80,000,000f. are to be charged to the Minister of Marine's budget, and 70,000,000f. provided by the merchants of Havre. 17,000,000f. are to be devoted to the defence of the port of Dunkirk, 7,000,000f. to Dieppe, anti 1,800,000f. to Fecamp. Similar works are to be executed at Calais and Boulogne. The ifoniteur de la Flotte adds, that a port of refuge is to be constructed between Brest and Cherbourg.

StIgiUM.---The anniversary of the birth of Belgium as an independent kingdom has been celebrated this week with great vigour and enthusiasm. The striking point in the Brussels ceremonial was the presence of 10,000 students drawn to the capital from 175 educational institutions to defile before the King. Nothing can exceed the hearty and loyal reception of King Leopold and his children in public, except the reception given to Queen Victoria by her subjects. gthall.—The Villafranca question still is a prominent continental topic. The rumours abroad have drawn forth Count Cavour. The Courrier du Dintanch,e gives the followinglanalysis of a circular addressed ky Count de Cavour to the representatives of Piedmont at Foreign Courts, on the occasion of the cession to the Russian Steam Company of certain buildings in the port of Villafranca- " The Cabinet of Turin commences by declaring that the concession to Russia of the old convict establishment is gratuitous and temporary ; that the premises are to be transformed into a depot for fuel and stores. The Sardinian Minister complains subsequently of the ill-intentioned reflections of the English press with respect to his government, especially noticing the appreciations of The Globe, Morning Post, and Morning Adrertiser, which accused Sardinia of having ceded one of its best ports to Russia, to the detriment of her own interests and of those of England. Count de Cavour calls the attention of the Sardinian diplomatic authorities to a note in the Piedmontese Gazette, reestablishing the facts which had been misre- presented by ill-informed correspondents. By that explanation, as well as bY what was written to the Piedmontese Legation when the French Go- term/lent was questioned as to the request of Russia, it is evident that there has been no cession of the port of Villafranca' that the pretended cession is restricted to the gratuitous concession, liable to be revoked at a deter- ?limed moment, and to the use of the convict establishment at Villafranca, rng unoccupied. The Minister cites the precedent of a similar concession the United States in the Gulf of Spezma. Agreed to many years ago, that concession is still in force ; and no objection has been made on the Point by foreign journals. Finally, _Count de Cavour concludes by recom- 1i:5tilling to the representatives of Piedmont in foreign countries to rectify, cenforraity.with his circular, the facts with reference to which they may up.Pell to be interrogated in the course of conversation with statesmen."

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The Nice correspondent of Galignani' Messenger has something to say °lith 'CO If a portion of the London press has exaggerated the importance of that event, the Turin Journals have, in their turn, committed an equally serious blunder in endeavouring to divest it of all signification. Villafrauca is not destined to become the " Sebastopol of the Mediterranean," for the very good reason that Sardinia has not the intention of transforming herself into the Crimea of that sea ; but it is equally false to pretend that the privileges accorded to the Odessa company are simply limited to the gratuitous cession of a tumbledown bagno. The aim of the Odessa company is too well known here to permit the latter supposition to be seriously entertained. This com- pany has the firm intention of obtaining a direct market in Germany and the North of Europe for the produce of Southern Russia and of the East. The port of Villafranca is the only spot which by its position could render that project feasible. Villafranca is at no very considerable distance in a direct line from Cons, or Cuneo, and this town—the last station of the Turin Railway—is in communication by rail (excepting the Mount Cents section) with all Continental Europe. A railroad constructed from Villafranca to Cons would consequently place the Russian commercial depot in direct communication with Central and Northern Europe. Villafranca would then become the deadly rival of Trieste, and perhaps of Marseilles, though such an idea would, I fear, be scouted at the present moment in France. After this preliminary explanation, let me state that one of the conditions made by the Russian company in the convention, which still remains un- published, is the concession of the above line. The Sardinian Government would have long since carried its railway communications to the coast, had its limited pecuniary resources permitted the outlay; it is too alive to the advantages which would accrue to the country by an active transit and by the presence of foreign capital, to dream of refusing to facilitate the opera- tions of a company which promises prosperity to Sardinia and perdition to Austrian interests. The interview held here between General de Lamarmora and General Bagaawood, the representative of the Russian company, was connected with this line ; and the Minister of War, instead of returning to Spezzia, as he had at first intended, left Nice for Turin by the Col di Tenda, along which the projected railroad will have to proceed. The views of the Odessa company will render necessary the possession of important docks (which will have to be constructed,) and of all the available port ac- commodation. It is, therefore, puerile to question the cession of the wet- dock of the port; it would be wiser to calculate the expenditure which will have to be incurred before that basin can be adapted to the purposes of the company. The adhesion given by the Paris press to the Russian scheme is naturally explained by the belief entertained at Marseilles, that the transit of Russian merchandise intended for the North will be exclusively enjoyed by France. But when it shall become painfully apparent that the COM- mercial interests of Marseilles and the prospects of the Messageries Impe- riales ' are seriously endangered by a rival favoured in every manner by the Sardinian customs, and enjoying more rapid communication with Central Germany ria. Switzerland, and with the North, a very different tone will proceed from that press. We shall then, perhaps, learn that the delicious joke of ruining Trieste and weakening Austria may be purchased at too costly a price. I have purposely avoided entering into the political features of the case ; Sardinia has long been playing a bold game, and no stake is too venturesome for Count de Cavour. Fortune ever favours the bold,' is a very old maxim, still in favour at certain Courts which have forgotten the:fate of Charles the Bold and his Burgundian dominions."

The Russian Navigation Company will be authorized to establish a station in Algeria, and to have a dopfit of coal there.

Letters from Rome state that the arguments of General Goyon at head-quarters have gained the day, and the French troops, instead of being withdrawn from Rome to Civita Vecchia, as had been confidently asserted, are to be immediately reinforced in the eternal city by the addition of seven companies of the 20th battalion of the redoubtable ehasseurs-h-pied, the other three companies of the battalion remaining as a Emit in France. General de Goyon himself is expected imme- diately, and the chasseurs are to be in Rome by the 15th of October.

A letter from Naples, dated September 22, gives a despatch from the King's Minister to Prince Petrulla, Neapolitan Minister at Vienna, in reply to inquiries from Count Buol relative to "pretended secret nego- tiations with the Courts of St. James's and the Tuileries."

"The King, our august master, has never derogated from his duty for anybody or anything, in any circumstances. Constrained, contrary to his will, by force and violence, to submit to acts against which reason, justice, and law protest, he may have been ; but these acts will never have the sanction of his conscience, and his Majesty will always consider them as an outrage to his sacred person, against which he has no means of reacting. The heart of his Majesty knows not forgetfulness. "His Majesty was profoundly wounded when France and England, with. out reason, contrary to international law, and for causes which were in reality only pretexts, withdrew their Ministers from his Court. Having been thus offended, and the offence not having been mitigated by the subse- quent conduct of the two powers, his Sicilian Majesty would consider him- self humiliated in his own eyes, Lin the eyes of his subjects, and of Europe, if he took any steps to bring about a reconciliation. "When the representatives of the two courts resided here, all the move- ments of the Government were watched, scanned, and measured, and each independent act of its sovereignty was subjected to an investigation as an- noying as it was wounding. Since the Government has been freed from this interference and unjustifiable control, its movements have been more free, more rapid, and the happy subjects of his Majesty have reaped the benefits of the change All that passed, all that was said at Cher- bourg on this subject, in no way affects us ; for nothing has been done or said at our suggestion, but probably as a result of the desire expressed at the Court of England by the powers friendly to our sovereign, and princi- pally by Prussia and Bavaria. "This does not imply, however, that a reconciliation with the two Euro- pean powers would not be very agreeable to us ; but as it was not the King who caused this rupture, so it will not be by the King that the first steps to-

wards reconciliation are taken (Signed) CsmArA."

Siliiill.—Queen Isabella has returned to Madrid after an absence of two months. This has given some movement to polities. As the time for the election of a new Cortes is approaching, Marshal O'Donnell has thought it expedient to put forward a ministerial programme in the Ma- drid Gazette. It assumes the form of a circular to the Governors of pro- vinces. The appeal to the country is based on the assumption that the late Cortes was elected under the influences that gave rise to the inci- dents of 1854 and therefore not a fair representation of Spain. Then comes the programme proper. "The Governors are to inform the electors that the Cabinet thinks it ex- pedient to govern the country conformably to the constitution of 1845. The Government has political laws to propose and administrative reforms to carry through. The Ministers are determined to proceed with the desa- mortisation of lay property, in order to develop the wealth and perfect the administration of the country. They will introduce important municipal reforms and constitute the provinces in such a manner as to give them more administrative independence, without, however, deadening the tutelar action of the Supreme Government. As for the ecclesiastical desa- mortisation, the Ministers do desire it certainly, but they should not cor- respond to the Queen's pious sentiments and their own if they did not try to realise it with the acquiescence of the Holy- See and endeavour to harmonise the interests of the country with those of the Church. The Government knows that all the parties attached to the dynasty now reigning desire the desamortisation. The time is come for some decentralisation ir. the administration of the country. The Ministers wish to establish trial by jury for all offences that have reference to questions that may be objects of public discussion, and thus relieve the Ridges from taking too much part in the ardentpolitical disputes of the day. The Government will not countenance the tendencies of those who are for ever dreaming of giving the constitutional monarchy new bases and untried modifications, and who would administer the country with the help of a set of officials exclusively chosen from one class only of public men. They are of opinion that parties of this kind do not deserve the name of constitutional, nor do they believe that the country can obtain from them any other fruit than anarchy or despotism. They will consider the denominations of can- didates as of no importance, provided that their opinions concerning the constitution, the dynasty, and the principal political questions are in ac- cordance with those of her Majesty's present Ministers The Minis- ters expect that the governors of provinces will not impose candidates upon electoral districts, nor demand the systematic exclusion of any class of poli- tical men, nor consent to any transgression of the laws that may cast a stain upon the solemn impartiality of this great constitutional act which is being about to be done. But at the same time the agents of Government have a right to defend a Cabinet which, believing that it can adopt a policy advan- tageous to the country, will defend their policy now before that country, as they will defend it before Parliament ; and the provincial governors are re- quired to exercise the kgal influence which belongs to their official position in support of the Government which employs them, and with whose policy they are identified."

It will be seen that the concession of liberty of election is a very limited and specious concession, indeed. The state of siege has been raised in all towns except Valencia and Tams ZUS5i1.—An extraordinary statement has been made on the faith of a Berlin telegraphic despatch. It is said that the Emperor of Russia has convoked an assembly of the Nobles to sit at St. Petersburg and deliberate on the abolition of serfdom.

The Emperor arrived at Warsaw on the 24th September, The Prince of Prussia reached that capital on the 23d.

rruiff.-A project for convoking the Skouptschina, or National As- sembly of Servia has been long in agitation. It has been met by the Prince with pertinacious hostility, but his Minister of the Interior, M. Garasehanin, not sharing his feelings, has not ceased to urge it upon him. The districts not only desired but "demanded" that it should be con- voked. The Senate have voted that the demand ought to be complied with, and it is stated that Garaschanin in conjunction with the Presi- ment of the Senate, has constrained the Prince, under the threat of the resignation of the whole Ministry, to consent to a general assembly of the people, called the Skouptschina. A commission, composed of the President of the Senate, four Senators, and four Ministers, has been constituted to determine the mode of election, the place and the date of the meeting, and the subjects to be discussed. It is thought that the meeting will be held in September, at Belgrade. There is reason to fear that the Assembly will be a stormy one, which will cause danger, as everybody in such an assembly is armed.

flI55111.—Some light has been thrown by the foreign press and an occasional correspondent of the Times upon the position of affairs at Berlin, which for many months has been the focus of infinite intrigue. All idea of the King ever again taking a principal part in public affairs is now abandoned. It seems to have been decided that there shall be no farther delegation of royal authority. What then ? " Some persons," says the Journal des Debats, "had the idea of recom- mending the King to abdicate. By such abdication the Prince of Prussia

would have become King, and would reign by his own right, like his pre- decessors, without having to give an account of his acts to any one except God and his country. The situation would have been simple and clear, and regular order would have been reiistablished in Prussia. But that idea, although simple in appearance, would have been the consecration of a great injustice. The King, it is true, is afflicted with a grave malady which does not allow him to govern, and that malady thus far has unhappily resisted

all sorts of medical treatment. But it is not proved that it is incurable ; physicians, on the contrary., are convinced that the King may, after a long

repose, regain all his intellectual power, which is only injured by the loss of memory. If the King were to regain his powers of recollection, which he possessed in a rare degree, he would have become what he was at the best period of his life. In that fact, then, there is an uncertainty which authorizes a hope irreconcilable with the abdication of the Crown. The King, besides, has formally pronounced against abdication, and the idea has been abandoned."

So far the leading journal of France. It is from the long and inte- resting letter of the occasional correspondent of the Times that we obtain the best insight into the position of affairs. This year the old Chambers, elected under the influence of the Kreutz party expire. The Prince has ex- pressed his desire that the elections shall take place free from Government influence. The Ministerial organs have denied this, and the Prince, in- dignant thereat, has verbally stated his wishes to the Ministers. "The issue, therefore, depends, in fact, on the position of the Prince of Prussia, whether he will continue to serve merely as an effigy, and a sign- board, to give notice that the Government, gone to sleep, means not to be disturbed as long as the King continues in his present condition, or whether he is to have the enjoyment of the power at the same time that he is ex- pected to assume the responsibility of authority." He is ready to adept the constitution and its consequences and is quite opposed to the views of the A-rents party, represented bY M. de Manteuffel in the ministry, by Prince Charles in the Court, and above all by the Queen. "It can be conceived what consternation the King's illness must have created in this party, suddenly threatened with seeing itself at the mercy of the Prince of Prussia, whom it had outraged and offended in the most signal manner. An article of the Prussian constitution declares a Regency to be established de jure in the event of the Sovereign's incapacity, but as Minis- terial responsibility does not exist in the constitution, the former article is in reality a dead letter as far as concerns the power of the Chambers to en- force it. The Court and Ministers accordingly took advantage of the natural hesitation of the medical men to pronounce at once an opinion that the

King's state was hopelessly incurable,. to institute a Vicarahip, instead of a Regency. The Prince of Prussia was invested with powers to transact the

business of the country, but was not invested with the .prerogatives of Royalty,—such as, for instance, the right of capital punushment and of amnesty ; and this limited lieutenancy was moreover delegated merely for three months at a time. The Prince' who, as said before, is a man ese daily honest and loyal, incapable of intrigue, and doubly so of treason against his King and brother, accepted this undignified position under a feeling of duty, and has behaved in it with perfect good faith. When those men of Liberal and national views, Auerswald, Bunsen, Bethman Hollweg, see ', who were his personal friends, hastened to Berlin and offered their services, the Prince requested them not to moot the necessity of his having full powers of Regency at present; he had made up his mind to sacrifice personal cos. siderations until such time as experience should prove the impossibility se his brother's recovery, and it is out of regard to his earnest wish that the Liberal party in the Chambers and out of them have refrained from an agi- tation which he felt would be ascribed to the suggestions of his ambition. But on accepting the Vicarship he at the same time determined not to con- tinue it beyond a year, and on the 23cl of October this period expires when accordingly either the King must resume the government or the Prince become Regent, or he will make room for a new Vicar. Now, this last al- ternative could hardly have been seriously entertained, even by the most au- dacious members of the Kreutzparthei. It would be such an act of treason and usurpation to degrade the heir apparent and substitute some one else as would be tantamount to a revolutionary attempt, which must arouse the national feeling of the country. The Kreutzparthei therefore made every effort to represent the King as in a state fit to assume the reins of govern- ment, and if he could only have been restored to a condition allowing him to appear publicly without indecency, an attempt was certain to reinstate him in authority, when the Queen would be the real Sovereign. For this reason the most false announcements were made in the papers of the party about his health. The semi-official Zeit had the audacity to assert its im- provement to have attained such a degree that the physicians had given a deliberate opinion as to his certain recovery, the only point not yet com- pletely decided being the date when he would resume the government, while, in truth, he was at the time in a state of childish imbecility. His memory is so gone as to be continually unable to remember the names of those about him, as is always the case with persons labouring under softness of the brain. When, on certain days, he rallied in strength and vigour, he was always paraded in public for the purpose of making the public believe in his convalescenee. On such occasions he was almost invariably accompanied by the Queen, who knew how by her commanding influence to keep him in awe and prevent the occurrence of any painful manifestation of his unfor- tunate condition. She has shown a remarkable degree of masculine deter- mination in the manner in which she thus ventured with him in public, and controlled by herself the embarrassing sallies of his madness.

It will be seen that the elections will occur at a critical moment. The old Chambers were chosen by the undisguised exercise of court influence.

"In the presence of the overpowering array of Government officials laths last Chambers, many of the leading Liberals, like Vincke, refused to accept seats, which they felt would at the utmost enable them to enter Parliament- ary protests against an obnoxious Government. This resolution, which at that time was at the worst a matter of questionable tactics, would be a posi- tive crime now under present circumstances, and accordingly Tincke and his friends are prepared to stand, and certain to be elected. East Prussia, the Rhine, and the large towns are sure to return Liberal men ; it only re- mained a matter of doubt how far the Prince of Prussia's instructions against Government interference might really prevent the rural governors (Lan- drithe) from influencing the country populations in favour of their tradi- tional associations, while he was merely invested with the limited powers of a Vicar. But no doubt is felt that, under all circumstances, the elections will result in a more liberal Chamber than the last, counting among its members those men who have attained eminence as the champions of rational progress, and who will manifest again the same spirit which attracted the attention and interest of Europe to the Assembly of States as originally convened by the King already before 1848. The Kreutzparthei will of course continue as a powerful party, even if, by a change of sovereigns, it should be shorn of Court favour' but in that event it would soon lose the peculiar appearance it now loves to put on as a sort of gala dress to please the King, and subside into the nakedness of aristocratic reaction."

At present its chief support is in the army. But the influence of constitutional government, it is supposed, would soon diminish the gulf between the soldier and the citizen. The writer regards the circum- stances of the case as favourable to the Prince.

"If he only abided by his determination not to continue his present un- satisfactory tenure of office beyond October the Court party could not help submitting to his terms, unless it ventured on risking desperate and sukidal measures. These calculations have been fully verified. The excitement of the journey. to Tegernsee has brought on such a complete prostration of the King's intellect that the necessity for a decision with regard to the Regency has been accelerated, and the situation is simplified to a degree depriving the Court party of plausible pretext for delaying its settlement. Its last hope was to obtain from the King in a lurid interval an expression of his wish to see the Queen co-Regent with the Prince, and efforts have been made to work upon the lattees sense of duty by representing to him that to disregard such an expression would be to cause his brother's death. The King's helpless state has, however, put his being consulted out of the question ; and, however much many of the present Ministers must anxiously. wish to see the Queen co- Regent, they justly shrink, in the face of public opinion, from usurping the illegitimate authority which alone could insure this result. The Prince has, therefore, nothing to do except to prove true to his declaration, that on the 23d of October he will resign his present power, and the Regency must un- avoidably lapse to him. What his future conduct as Sovereign may be Resin the realms of speculation beyond the reach of mathematical demonstration; but his behaviour has been of a kind not to weaken the confidence of his friends. The alliance of his son with our Princess was, for instance, carried out by him in spite of the most hostile opposition on the part of the Queen and rest of the Royal family, and no event has ever been hailed with greater en- thusiasm by the people. Precluded by the very nature of his authority from deranging existing appointments, he has, however, filled up vacancies by men of patriotic ideas. Thus he has given a command to General Bonin, formerly Minister of War, and who :was dismissed because he declared a Russian alliance to be treason. The most startling event, however, has been the retirement from the Army of Prince Frederick Charles, son of Prince Charles. This prince is notorious for his violent reactionary ideas, while his overbearing disposition has rendered him unpopular with the army and the people, and his sudden retirement without any assigned reason has caused great sensation. Things have also occurred of so outrageous a nature este make it inconceivable that the Prince of Prussia,. once his own mas rg should ever consent to countenance the present Ministry, which went so far in its subserviency. to the Kreutzparthei as to place him, like a conspirator, under the supervision of police spies, until an accident revealed the scan- dalous proceeding before the world in a court ofjustice. Such insults eacn;

not be forgiven even, as is most probable, though Manteuffel and Co. svr

10 a new

ready to purchase a fresh lease of office by equal subserviency

master, and that they have been trying to insinuate themselves into his favour. The Prince friends do not expect him to ascend the throne with the intentions of a Radical, but they believe that he will give a steady as- ista re to a sound and national progress, already indicated both in domestic s d in foreini policy ; that he will be prepared to advance Prussian ascend- :ley Germany ; that he will not lean towards Russia ; and that, although he may not turn off all his brother's ancient servants, he will turn off those most compromised in the policy of late years, such as Manteuffel, Heydt, Westphal' en &c., while they are unanimous that whoever tries to insinuate himself into his favour by fresh acts of base tergiversation will only be re- warded by. disgrace."

The Prince of Prussia has gone to Warsaw. He has been followed by M. de Manteuffel, bearing the signature of the King relative to the definitive regulation of the question of Regency.

Incle'pendanee Beige has published a version of the con- vention for the organization of the Danubian Principalities. Some doubts have been expressed respecting its correctness, but it is thought Jobe generally accurate. "Art. 1. The Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, henceforth con- stituted under the denomination of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, remain placed under the suzerainty of his Majesty the Sul- tan. " 2. By virtue of the capitulations emanating from the Sultans Bajazet L, Solirnan II., Seim I., and Mahmoud H.' which constitute their autono- my whilst regulating their relations with the Sublime Porte, and which several hatti-scheriffs, particularly the hatti-scheriff of 1834, have sanc- tioned; in conformity also with articles 22 and 23 of the treaty concluded at Paris on the 30th of March 1866, the Principalities continue to enjoy, under the collective guarantee of the powers, the privileges and immunities of which they are in possession. The Principalities, consequently, shall administer themselves freely, and without any interference of the Sublime Porte, within the limits stipulated by the agreement of the guaranteeing powers with the Suzerain Court.

"3. The powers of state shall be confided in each Principality to a hos- podar and to an elective assembly, acting, in the eases contemplated by the present convention, with the concurrence of a central commission common to the two Principalities.

"4. The executive power shall be exercised by the hospodar. "5. The legislative power shall be exercised collectively by the hospo- dar, by the assembly, and by the central commission. "6. The laws specially concerning each Principality shall be prepared by the hospodar, and voted by the assembly. The laws which concern them both in common shall be prepared by the central commission, and voted by the Assemblies to which they shall be submitted by the hospodars. "7. The judicial power exercised in the name of the hospodar shall be confided to magistrates appointed by him, provided that no man shall be liable to be withdrawn from the jurisdiction of his native province. There shall be slaw to determine the conditions of admissicn into, and promotion in, the magistracy, taking as its basis the progressive application of the principle of irremovability.

"8. The Principalities shall yield to the Suzerain Court a tribute' the amount of which remains fixed at the sum of 1,500,000 piastres for Mol- davia, and 2,500,000 piastres for Wallachia. The hospodars shall, as here- tofore, receive investiture from his Majesty the Sultan. The Suzerain Court combines with the Principalities in measures for the defence of their terri- tory in case of external aggression ; and it will behove it to promote, by an arrangement with the guaranteeing courts, the necessary measures for the reestablishment of order, should the latter have been compromised. As heretofore, the international treaties which may be concluded by the Su- zerain Court with foreign powers, shall be applicable to the Principalities in everything which would not be an infringement of their immunities. "9. In case of any violation of the immunities of the Principalities, the hospodars shall address an appeal to the Suzerain Power, and if their remon- strance is not regarded, they may communicate it by their agents to the representatives of the guaranteeing powers at Constantinople. The hospo- dars shall have themselves represented at the Suzerain Court by agents (capou-kiaga,) born Moldavians or Wallachians, not subject to any foreign jurisdiction and accepted by the Porte.

"10. The hospodar shall he elected by the Assembly for life. Any one, thirty-five years old, and sou of a born Moldavian or Wallachian, shall be eligible to the hospodarate who can prove that he possesses an income of 3000 ducats from real estate, provided that he have discharged public func- tions during ten years, or been a member of the Assemblies.

[Several of the next articles prescribe the constitutional relations between the hospodar, his Ministers, and the Assembly. Articles 27 to 37 relate to the Central Commission which is to sit at Irokshani, composed of eight Moldavians and eight Wallachians, of whom one half are nominees of the hospodar and the remainder elected by the Assembly. This body is the guardian of the new organization, and may suggest administrative reforms to the hospodars, or submit, through their agency, measures of common in- terest to the Moldavian and Walachian Assemblies. A High Court of Justice common to the two Principalities is also to sit at Fokshani. The Militia forces of the two Principalities are to be organized alike, so that they may form one army in case of need. This, however, is not to be done, except by common accord between the two hospodars, who are to appoint the Commaeaer_in-chief in turn.) "Article 46. All the Moldavians and Wallachians shall be equal before the law, equally liable to taxes, and equally admissable to public offices in the one or the other Principality. Their individual liberty shall be guaranteed. No one shall be detained, arrested, or prosecuted but according to law. No one shall be deprived of his property but legally., for the public convenience, and with due compensation. Moldavians and Wallachians of all Christian sects shall enjoy equal political rights, which may also be extended to the Other sects by legislative enactment. All privileges, exemptions, or mono- polies, still enjoyed by certain classes, shall be abolished, and the laws re- Clams the relations of the proprietors of the soil with the cultivators shall

revised without delay, with a view to ameliorate the condition of the Peasants. Municipal institutions, both urban and rural, shall receive the utmost development consistent with the stipulations of the present con- vention."

, [Many other provisions of less importance, and relating to matters of are contained in the fifty articles, and the appendix settles the electoral basis of the Legislative Assemblies, which are the same in both Principalities. The Bishops are ex officio members of the assembly."

eil11111l i 11 .--That enthusiastic young journal the Van- asuyer's Island Gazette, in its issue of the 14th August, prints the follow- ing under the head of "Glorious News." ,,e__911i the arrival last night of the steamer Surprise, at 11 o'clock, from ope, we have received the most important, reliable, and cheering in- seiugence which it has yet been our good fortune to communicate to our readers from our gold mines in New Caledonia ; at a moment, too, when peoyle's minds were worn out with suspense and expectations collapsing, real estate nowhere, merchandise a drug, comes a silver lining to our cloud

of despondency, and all is again full of sunshine. As Pope says, Belinda smiles and all the world is gay.'" "The following are a few brief facts which is all we can now despatch in our Supplement for the p.m. steamer Panama, leaving this morning :-Mr. Kent, passenger by steamer Surprise, states that the river has fallen 2t feet at Fort Hope, 4i at Fort Yala ; that 10,000 miners are at work, and with good prospects, and all miners below Fort Hope are doing well. The water is low and still falling, it is now so low the steamer Surprise cannot return up the river. 601b. of gold, now in the hands of Wells, Fargo, and Co.'s express, has been brought down to Victoria. Henry Apple, of Nevada, was drowned at Fort Hope by the upsetting of a boat. Six men have taken out 600 dollars in six hours at Fort Rope by using a rocker only, and 3000 miners are there at work. All doing well at Fort Yale.

"The above information arrived at an hour somewhat late in the evening ; the glad tidings soon got wind, and filled every one's mind with the most lively satisfaction ; knots of persons who had worn elongated faces at the auction sales of town lots at something less than cost prices were immediately seen to regain their wonted cheerfulness, and all went as 'merry as a mar- riage bell.' The steamer Surprise had, indeed, occasioned them all a most agreeable surprise. The above encouraging and most important news communicated to the readers of the Vancouver 's Island Gazette has been fully corroborated by the receipt of authentic statements of a simi- lar nature by his Excellency Governor Douglas, who will forward the intelligence to the Home Government in England, by the present outgoing mail. We have now, then, fairly made our start as a gold producing colony, and claim to rank as such with our older rivals, California and Australia."

§It 111 Oa-Intelligence from Bombay to the 7th September arrived by telegraph early in the week.

In Rajpootana the rebels, after their defeat by General Roberts, tried to push towards Bombay, but menaced by a force from Ncemuch, they marched eastward, and took Patteen or Patun driving out the Rajah. There they had entrenched themselves. Two columns, despatched from Indore, were moving upon them. One, under Colonel Lockhart, had reached Soosneer, and there the Rana of Patteen found refuge.

In Oude Sir Hope Grant had occupied Sultanpore. There have been small combats in Rewah, the Benares country, and Guzerat. More serious news comes from Kurrachee.

"Major Hamilton writes from Moortas ( Meehan) that at noon on the 31st ult, the 69th and 62d Native Infantry and the Native Artillery, all dis- armed, broke out and tried to seize the guns and arms of the Fusileers. They were repulsed, great numbers slain, and the rest driven from the canton- ment to jungles towards the river. Our loss was four men of the Royal Ar- tillery, and regret to say, Captain Mules, of the Fusileers. Major Hamilton heard of the intended outbreak in time to warn the military authorities. He had, with the Police Battalion, already arrested ninety of the fugitives."

News from Calcutta, not official, states that "three of the Bengal Sepoy Regiments have been rearmed."

TIIE CIIINA TREATY'.

Early in the week, after much indignant complaint about delav, the Earl of Malmesbury issued the following document to the journals.

SUMMARY OF TIIE TREATY Bid n k.EN liER 3IAJESTY AND THE EM- PEROR OF CHINA, SIGNED AT TIENTSIN, Juxr. 26th, 1858.

"Art. 1. Confirms the treaty of Nankin of 1842, and abrogates the Sup- plementary Treaty and General Regulations of Trade. "Art. 2. Provides for the appointment of Ambassadors, Ministers, or other diplomatic agents on the part of either country at the Courts of Pekin and St. James's.

"Art. 3. Contains provisions for the permanent establishment of a Bri- tish Minister, his family and suite at Pekin, and the forms to be observed M his communications with the Imperial Government.

"Art. 4. Makes arrangements for the travelling and the transmission of the correspondence of the Minister, and the employment by him of special couriers.

"Art. 5. The Emperor of China consents to nominate one of the Secre- taries of State, or some high officer to transact business with the British Minister either personally or in writing, on a footing of perfect equality. Art. 6. The same privileges are to be granted to the Chinese Minister in London.

"Art. 7. Consuls may be appointed in China, and may reside in any of the open ports, and their official rank and position as regards the Chinese local authorities is determined.

"Art. 8. The Christian religion, as professed by Protestants or Roman Catholics, to be tolerated, and its professors protected. "Art. 9. British subjects to travel for pleasure or trade into all parts of the interior, with passports from their Consuls, countersigned by the local authorities. The regulations as regards these passports are determined. The provisions of the article not to be applied to ships' crews, for the due restraint of whom regulations are to be drawn up by the Consul and the local authorities. No pass to be given to Nankin, or cities in the hands of the rebels.

"Art. 10. British merchant ships are to be allowed to trade up the great river (Yang-Ma), but in the present disturbed state of the Upper and Lower Valley, no port is to be opened for trade with the exception of Chin Kiang, which is to be opened in a year from the signature of the treaty. When peace is restored, British vessels are to be admitted to trade at such ports, as far as Hankow, not exceeding three in number, as the British Minister after consulting with the Chinese Secretary of State shall determine.

"Art. 11. In addition to the present ports New Chwang, Tang Chow, Tai Wan (Formosa,) Chow Chow (Swatow), and Kiting-Chow (Hainan), are to be opened, and the right of residence and holding landed property is conceded. "Art. 12. British subjects are to make agreements for landed property at the rates prevailing among the people. "Art. 13. No restrictions to be placed on the employment by British sub- jects of Chinese subjects in any lawful capacity.

"Art. 14. The hire of boats for transport of goods or passengers to be settled between the parties themselves, without the interference of the Chinese Government. The number of the boats not to be limited, and no monopoly allowed. If any smuggling takes place the offender to be punished according to law.

"Art. 15. All questions in regard to rights of property or person between British subjects to be subject to the jurisdiction of the British authorities.

"Art. 16. Chinese subjects guilty of any criminal act towards British subjects to be arrested and punished by the Chinese authorities according to the law of China; British subjects committing any crime in China to be tried and punished by the Consul, or other public functionary, according to the laws of Great Britain.

"Art. 17. Determines the mode of procedure in the matter of complaints on the side either of British or Chinese subjects.

"Art. 18. Provides for the protection of the persons and property of Bri- tish subjects.

"Art. 19. If any British merchant vessel in Chinese waters is plundered by robbers or pirates, the Chinese authorities are to use every endeavour to capture and punish the offenders, and to recover the stolen property. " Art. 20. Wrecked or stranded vessels, or vessels under stress of weather, are to be ufforded relief and security in any Chinese port ; and the crews are to be furnished by the Chinese, if necessary, with the means of con- veyance to the nearest Consular station. " Art. 21. Chinese criminals taking refuge in Hong Kong, or on board of British ships, shall, upon the requisition of the Chinese authorities, be given up, the same also if taking refuge in the houses, or on board the vessels of British subjects at the open ports. " Art. 22. The Chinese authorities to do their utmost to arrest Chinese subjects failing to discharge their debts to British subjects or fraudulently absconding, and to enforce recovery of the debts. The Britisli authorities to do likea ise as regards British subjects indebted to Chinese. " Art. 23. Debts incurred by Chinese at Hong Kong must be recovered in the courts of justice on the spot. If the debtor should abscond, and should possess real or personal property in the Chinese territory, the Chinese authorities, in concert with the British Consul, arc to see justice done between the parties. "Art. 24. British subjects shall pay on all merchandise imported or ex- ported the duties prescribed by the tariff, but in no case shall they pay other or higher duties than the subjects of other foreign nations pay. "Art. 25. Import duties to be considered payable on the landing of the goods, and duties of export on the shipment of the same. "Art. 26. The tariff fixed by Article 10 of the Treaty of Nankin to be revised by a commission of British and Chinese officers to meet at Shanghai, so that the revised tariff may come into operation immediately after the ratificatien of the treaty.

"Art. 27. Either contracting party may demand a further revision of the tariff and of the commercial articles of the treaty at the end of ten years ; but six mouths' notice must be 'riven, or the tariff is to remain in force for ten years more, and so at the elul of each successive ten years. "Art. 28. It is agreed that within four months of the signature of the treaty, the Chinese collector of duties at ports already opened and hereafter to be opened to British trade, shall be obliged, on application of the Consul, to declare the amount of duties leviable on produce between the place of production and the port of shipment, and upon imports between the con- sular port in question and the inland markets named by the Consul : and a notification thereof shall be published in English and Chinese. British subjects may, however, clear their goods of all transit duties by payment of a single charge ; the amount of the charge to be calculated as near as pos- sible at the rate of two:and-a-half per cent, ad valorem duty, and it 1st° be fixed for each article at the conference to be held at Shanghai.

"The payment of transit duties by commutation is in no way to affect the tariff duties on imports or exports, which will continue to be levied se- parately and in full. "Art. 29. ltegulates the amount of tonnage dues. British merchant vessels of more than one hundred and fifty tons burdens to pay at the rate of four mace per ton ; if of one hundred and fifty tons and under, at the rate of one mace per ton.

"Vessels engaged in the coasting trade, or clearing for Hong Kong from any of the open ports shall be entitled to a special certificate exempting, them from all further payment of tonnage dues in any open port of China for a period of four months from the date of her port clearance.

"Art. 30. The master of any British merchant vessel may within forty- eight hours after his arrival, lint not later, depart without breaking bulk ; in which case he will not be subject to pay tonnage dues. No other fees or charges upon entry or departure shall be levied.

"Art. 31. No tonnage dues to be paid on passenger boats, or boats con- veyino-s baggage, letters, articles of provision, or other articles not subject to duty. All cargo boats, however, conveying merchandise subject to duty, shall pay tonnage dues once in six mouths, at the rate of four mace per register ton.

"Art. 32. The Consuls and superintendents of customs to consult together respecting the erection of buoys and light ships, as occasion may demand. "Art. 33. Ditties to be paid to the authorised Chinese bankers, either in syce or in foreign money, according to the assay made at Canton, July 13, 1843.

"Art. 34. Sets of standard weights and measures to be delivered by the superintendent of customs to the Consul at each port, to secure uniformity. "Art. 35. British merchant vessels to be at liberty to engage pilots to take them into any of the open ports, and to convey them out, after they have discharged all legal dues and duties. "Art. 36. The superintendent of customs shall depute one or more cus- toms officers to guard a British merchant ship on arriving off one of the open ports. They shall stay either in a boat of their own or on board ship ; their food and expenses shall be supplied from the custom house, and they shall be entitled to no fees from the master or consignee.

"Art. 37. Ships' papers, bills of lading, &c., to be lodged in the hands of the Consul twenty-four hours after arrival, and full particulars of the vessel to be reported to the superintendent of customs within a further period of twenty-four hours; omission to comply with this rule within forty-eight hours punishable by a fine of fifty taels for each day's delay. The total amount of penalty not to exceed 200 taels. The master responsible for the correctness of the manifest ; a false manifest subjects the master to a fine of 500 taels, but he will be allowed to correct any mistake within twenty-four hours, without incurring the penalty.

"Art. 38. If the master shall begin to discharge any goods without the permit from the superintendent of customs, he shall be fined 500 taels, and the goods discharged shall be confiscated wholly. "Ait. 39. British merchants must apply to the superintendent of customs for a special permit to land or ship cargo. Cargo landed or shipped without such permit will be liable to confiscation. "Art. 40. No transshipment from one vessel to another can be made without special permission, under pain of confiscation of the goods trans- shipped.

"Art. 41. The superintendent of customs shall give a port clearance when all dues and dunes have been paid, and the Consul shall then return the ship's papers. "Art. 42. If the British merchant cannot agree with the Chinese officer in fiXillg a value on goods subject to an ad valorem duty, each party shall call in two or three merchants, and the highest price at which any of the merchants would purchase them shall be assumed to be the value of the goods.

"Art, 43. Provides that duties shall be charged upon the net weight of each article, making a deduction for the tare weight of congee, &c. and regulates the manner in which the tare on any article such as tea shall be fixed. The British merchant may appeal to his Consul within twenty-four

"Art. 44. Upon all damaged goods a fair reduction of duty shall be allowed, proportionate to their deterioration. If any disputes arise, they shall be settled in the manner pointed out in the clause of this treaty having reference to articles which pay duty ad valorem.

"Art. 45. British merchants who have imported merchandise into an open port and paid duty may reimport their goods under certain re. gulations, without payment of any additional duty. "British merchants desiring to reexport duty -paid imports, to a foreign country, to be entitled, under similar regulations, to a drawback certificat which is to be a valid tender in payment of customs duties. "Foreign grain brought into a Chinese port in a British ship, if no part has been landed, may be reexported without hindrance.'

"Art. 46. The Chinese authorities at the ports to adopt the means they may judge most proper to prevent the revenue suffering from fraud smuggling. "Art. 47. British merchant vessels not to resort to other than the ports declared open ; not unlawfully. to enter ports, or to carry on clandestine trade along the coasts. Vessels violating this provision to be, with their cargoes' subject to confiscation by the Chinese Government. "Art. 48. If a British merchant vessel be concerned in smuggling, the goods to be subject to confiscation by the Chinese authorities, and the ship may be prohibited from trading further, and sent away as soon as her ac- counts shall have been adjusted.

"Art. 49. All penalties or confiscations under the treaty to belong and be appropriated to the publie service of the Chinese Government.

"Art. 50. All official communications addressed by British diplomatic or Consular agents to the Chinese authorities are, henceforth, to be written in English. For the present, they will be accompanied by a Chinese version but it is understood that in case of there being any difference of meaning be.. tween the English and Chinese text, the English Government will hold the sense expressed in the English text to be the correct sense. This provision is to apply to the present treaty, the Chinese text of which has been care- fully- corrected by the English original.

".Art. 51. The character 'I' (barbarian) not to be applied to the British Government or to British subjects in any Chinese official document issued by the Chinese authorities.

"Art. 52. British ships of war coming for no hostile purpose, or being engaged in the pursuit of pirates, to be at liberty to visit all the Chinese ports, and to receive every facility for procuring necessaries, or, if re- quired, for making repairs. The commanders of such ships to hold inter- course with the Chinese authorities on terms of equality and courtesy. "Art. 53. The contracting parties agree to concert measures for the sup- pression of piracy. "Art. 54. Confirms all advantages secured to the British Government by previous treatise, and stipulates that the British Government shall partici- pate in any advantages which may be granted by the Emperor of China to any other nation. "Art. 55. The conditions affecting indemnity for expenses incurred and loss sustained, in the matter of the Canton question, to be included in a separate article, which shall be in every respect of equal validity with the other articles of the treaty. "Art. 56. Ratifications to be exchanged within a year after the day of signature. "Separate article provides that a sum of two millions of tads, on account of the losses sustained by British subjects through the misconduct of the Chinese authorities at Canton ; and a further sum of two millions of tads on account of the expenses of the war, shall be paid to the British represen- tative in China by the authorities of the Kwang Tung province. "The arrangements for effecting these payments to be determined by the British representative in concert with the Chinese at Kwang Tung.

"The British forces are not to be withdrawn from Canton until the above amounts are discharged in full."