31 DECEMBER 1921, Page 25

THE JANUARY MAGAZINES.

THE Nineteenth Century opens with a highly interesting article by Lord Crewe on " The Sulgrave Institution and the Anglo- American Society," which are doing much, in an unobtrusive fashion, for the promotion of friendship between British and American citizens. The Sulgrave Institution maintains the old manor-house which was the home of the Washingtons, and which is to be used, together with Bredon's Norton—the gift of Mrs. Woodhull Martin—as a centre for British-American conferences. Lord Crewe recalls the American gifts of statues of Washington and Lincoln to London and Manchester, and states that Sir Charles Wakefield is preienting statues of Chatham and Burke to Pittsburg and Washington. Sir Reginald Bacon writes on " The Future Needs of the Navy." " Provided an agreement is for ten years only, and if we limit but do not cease to build vessels of all classes, the Washington Conference, so far as our sea power is concerned, will do no harm. It may save us spending a sum of some twenty millions a year, which saving, we trust, will be permitted to assist sane finance. Any limitation of sea power that may be imposed will have no effect in stopping wars in the future." Admiral Bacon would not stop building submarines ; he lays special stress on the value of aeroplane-carriers to deter Germany from making a sudden attack uptsi us from the air. Sir Henry Craik discusses " Attempts to Reach a World Peace " in a cautious but not wholly pessimistic strain. Sir Ernest Hatch, in an article on " Liberalism and Labour," invites the Labour Party to ally itself with the Independent Liberals, as the alternative to " a protracted period of ` ploughing the sands' " ; his invitation will no doubt be repudiated with contempt. Colonel R. L. Kennion, the late Envoy at the Court of Nepal, contri- butes a most instructive article on " England and Nepal," in which he examines the possible influence of the changes in India upon the conservatism of Nepal. The Himalayan State has no roads, railways nor telegraphs, lest its independence should be threatened. But the demand for the services of the brave, honest and hard-working Gurkha in India is increasing so rapidly that Nepal is losing far too many of the best of her people. Lady Newton, in an article entitled " Six Weeks in Hungary," gives a pleasant account of a recent tour; she and Lord Newton had a most friendly reception everywhere. Colonel Waley Cohen writes on " The Perils of Anti-Semitism." He repudiates the suggestion that the Jews are united in a secret revolutionary agitation ; he maintains that they are as much divided in politics as any other religious community and that Jews in tolerant countries are good citizens. " The mere fact that the mandate for Palestine is under British control must preclude any possibility of intolerance or persecution of non- Jews." Sir Charles Oman has an interesting article on " The Modern Historian and His Difficulties," in which he admits that absolute truth can hardly be reached, while he pleads for the revival of the large-scale history in the old style to incorporate the scattered results of special research. Mr. Maurice Hewlett, under the title of " Teufelsdrockh in Hexa- meters," calls attention to Clough's spirited but half-forgotten " Bothie of Tober-na-Vuolich," a poem of 1848 which embodied much of Carlyle's doctrine. Mrs. IL E. F. Comyn gives some interesting " Recollections of Karl Marx " as a benign old gentle- man living quietly in a London suburb ; his daughters suffered from their upbringing, as they had not Marx's talent for compromise between theory and practice.

In the Fortnightly, Sir Valentine Chirol writes dolefully on " The Egyptian Deadlock," and suggests that America will

be shocked by our refusal to grant the Egyptian Nationalists everything that they ask. He may have forgotten General Wood's Commission, which has decided that the Filipinos are not yet fit for independence. Sir Valentine Chirol's criticism of the Government for their change of policy is not unjustifiable, but he minimizes the gravity of the Alexandria riots, which showed the unwisdom of Lord Milner's scheme. Mr. Archibald 'turd discusses " The Washington Naval Standards," . which will, he says, involve the maintenance of warships of 4,000,000 tons in all. The saving in taxation, he thinks, will be small, though the intangible results of a naval compact will benefit humanity. Mr. Hurd's remarks on submarines may be revised in view of the modifications made at the instance of Mr. Balfour. Mr. Ronald McNeill, writing on " The I.F.S. and Ulster," complains very bitterly of Mr. Lloyd George's treatment of Ulster, but declares that Ulster " will endure the injustice in preference to becoming part of a Free State governed by Mr. Michael Collins and his associates." Mr. McCallum Scott gives a plain account of " The Russian Slave State," ending truthfully with a new version of Marx's motto, " Workers of the world, unite ! You have nothing to gain from Bolshevism but chains ! " Dr. Dillon. describes " The Outlook in Poland " ; the people, he says, are doing their best, but the administration is inefficient and corrupt. Mr. Maxwell Macartney recalls the circumstances of the ex-Emperor Karl's second attempt to recover the Hungarian throne, and maintains that the Budapest Government were by no means so innocent as they professed to be. Dr. B. W. Henderson devotes a kindly article to the late Dr. Warde Fowler. There is a third instalment of " Lord Aston's American Diaries," written some seventy years ago and curiously interesting. Mr. W. Bailey Kempling has compiled a useful account of " Shakespeare Monuments in London," which are more numerous than one might suppose.

The Contemporary Review opens with two brief articles on " Peace in Ireland," by Lord Buckmaster and Mr. Swift MacNeill. Mr. H. Wilson Harris records his " Washington Impressions," in which he pays a high tribute to Mr. Hughes and Mr. Balfour. Professor Arnold Toynbee considers the position of - Great Britain and France in the East," and suggests a wholesale remodelling of the Treaty of Sevres. He is strongly Turcophile, but he does not seem to realize that the revival of Turkish rule in the Greek coast lands would mean the massacre of all the Christians living there. The " principle of nationality " seems to make some theorists positively inhuman. Signor Luigi Villari has a hopeful article on " The Internal Political Situation in Italy," commending the Faseisti for restoring the authority of the State and suppressing the local Socialist tyrannies. Mr. H. Charles Woods explains the present situation in Albania. Mrs. Graham Wallas contributes an amusing account of Mary Astell (1666-1736), who made in 1694 " the first considered attempt to interest Englishwomen in the higher education of their sex." An admirer, identified as the Princess Anne, offered her £10,000 to start a seminary, but Bishop Burnet took alarm, the offer was withdrawn, and Mary Astell's project came to nothing. Dr. Montagu Lomax, writing on " Asylum Reform," replies to criticism of his recent book and maintains that there is no real control over the asylum attendants to whom the care of pauper lunatics is entrusted. His conclusions are some- what sweeping, for he assumes that the medical officers are busy and indifferent. Mr. Aylmer Cecil Strong's account of " The Coming of the Cat " is worth reading ; he thinks that the cat was not familiarly known in Europe till the first century of the Christian era.

Blackwood's contains an excellent account of the two months' siege of Samawah during the Arab rising on the Euphrates in the summer of 1920. An armoured train broke down and had to be abandoned at the outset of the siege, with a loss of fifty officers and men, but the little garrison of Indian troops was not discouraged and beat off all attacks until relief came. " Fulanain's " " Echoes from the Marshes " are amusing sketches of the wild tribes lower down the Euphrates. Colonel P. R. Butler gives an account of the experiences of the British troops in Upper Silesia last summer in " Through the Land Debatable." These out-of-the-way campaigns are nowhere recorded so well as in this admirable magazine, which fully maintains its high literary standard. Mr. A. W. Long recalls

past pleasures, never to return, " A Fishing Trip in the Emerald. isle."