31ligra1rturatto.

Bishop Wilberforce presided over a Synod held at Oxford on Monday, to elect Proctors to Convocation. He distinctly stated that the revival of the active proceedings of Convocation was very desirable. It is to be re- marked that considerable though subdued excitement prevails among the clergy on this question. At the election of the Middlesex Proctors, the point of the meeting turned upon the question whether the colleague of Dr. Spry would pledge himself to assist in reviving Convocation. The Reverend Mr. Baker was proposed, but he hung back from giving a pledge until another gentleman had been nominated : then he gave it, condition- ally, but willingly; and he was elected. Other places are moving to elect Proctors for real work in Convocation.

Dr. Pusey has published the following rejoinder to Sir John B.omilly. "lb the Right Hon. Sir John Banality, Master of the Bolls. "Sir—You will not have been surprised that, when you contrasted my friends and myself with open and avowed Roman Catholics,' I should have interpreted those words as conveying an imputation of dishonesty, under which it is of the utmost moment to religion itself and the wellbeing of our church and people that none of its clergy should lie. "The like imputations have unhappily been too common, and must do harm to the morals and faith of the people. Your own name, character, and office, seemed likely to give the more weight to them. 'It was on this ground that I appealed to you to bring the matter to a fair, full, and formal issue. I hoped that the honesty and justice of Englishmen would prevent their renewing indefinite charges when they had been met by a plain offer to bring them to a definite result. "As you now deny any intention of imputing to my friends or myself that our doctrines are not open and avowed,' I may beg as publicly to assure you that I gladly accept your statement.

"Your humble servant, E. B. PUSEY." "Christ Church, July 27."

In the course of his speech at Braintree on Monday, Mr. Beresford said he hoped that the electors of North Essex would not believe the state- ments in the Morning Chronicle, which was continually attacking him ; "although he had the pleasure occasionally of sitting on the same sofa, in the same club, with the editor of that paper." "Such," he continued, "is the state of society when we are subjected to the intrusion of those who make use of all our intimate associations, who come to the same club as ourselves, and who write letters and leading articles impugning our conduct and blackening our characters at the very same table at which we ourselves are engaged in our honest avocations."

To this the Morning Chronicle immediately replied- " The only observation which we think it necessary to make on this state- ment is, that there is not one word of truth in it from beginning to end. Neither the editor of this journal, nor any person who is in any way respon- sible for what appears in its columns, is a member of any club whatever; and no one of the writers of the articles to which we suppose Major Beres- ford to allude is a member of any club where any portion of the secret elec- tion business of the Protectionist party can possibly be conducted. We treat with contempt the base insinuation conveyed by Major Beresford's words, that any gentleman connected with this journal is capable of betraying social confidence and such charges are rarely made except by men who are too familiar with the idea of the detestable practices which they so lightly im- pute. Let us add, that, if there is no more truth in his denial of having any connexion with bribery at Derby than there is in the assertions which he has hazarded respecting ourselves, we will venture to assure him that his chances of impunity before a Committee of the House of Commons are not quite so clear as he would lead the Essex electors to believe."

Viscountess Hardinge is to take charge of the young Christian Prin- cess of Georg.

Viscount Harding; accompanied by Mr. Secretary Walpole, Sir John Burgoyne, and Colonel Jebb, inspected the Prison and Breakwater at Portland on Tuesday.

A bust of Lord Denman, sculptured by Christopher Moor, will shortly be placed in the Law Institution, Chancery Lane.

Louis Kossuth arrived in England, by the Africa, on Sunday. He is reported to have left New York under the name of "A. Smith," three days before the time announced for his departure by another vessel.

William Scrope, the well-known author of two popular books of Eng- lish open-air life, "Days of Deer-Stalking," and Days and Nights of Salmon-Fishing," died on Tuesday week, in Belgrave Square, at the ripe old age of eighty-one. He was descended from Scrope the Lord Chan- cellor in the reign of Richard the Second. Mr. George Poulett Thomson, brother of the late Lord Sydenham, married his daughter, and took the name of Scrope.

Mr. Macaulay was to address the electors of Edinburgh yesterday ; but his medical advisers in London enjoined him not on any account to make the journey.

Mr. Duncuft, M.P. for Oldham, died on Tuesday, of English cholera, after two days' illness. He was a regular Derbyite.

Mr. Watson, M.P. for Peterborough, it is said, on the authority of a private letter, died at Homburg on Saturday last, after an illness of only four days.

Count D'Orsay is now seriously ill in Paris. The Duke of Guiehe was sent to Dieppe to fetch him.

General Gourgaud, formerly Aide-de-camp to Louis Philippe, died in Paris last week.

The Archduke Ferdinand, brother of the Emperor of Austria, arrived at Algiers, in the Volta, on the 18th instant.

It is rumoured that the traitor Giirgey is imprisoned in the fortress of Kufstein in the Tyrol.

Mr. M'Curdy, the envoy at the Austrian Court from the United States, has been travelling in Italy and Switzerland. He returned to Vienna on the 20th instant. It is said that Count Nesselrode has been permitted to resign the office of Arch-Chancellor and Minister for Foreign Affairs, in consequence of his ill health and great age; and. that he will be succeeded by Baron do Mayendorff.

A letter appeared in the Times of Thursday, complaining that the clerk at the Branch Bank of England at Ramsgate refused to cash a Bank of England note unless allowed a commission. The writer of the Times City article explains this as follows- " With regard to this statement, it is only necessary to mention, first, that there is no branch of the Bank-of England at Ramsgate; and next, that the Bank of England are not bound to cash any notes at their branches except such as may have been issued from branches. Thus, a note issued at Liver- ...1 is payable at 'the Liverpool branch or in London; but the notes issued

• ,m the parent establishment, and which constitute the large majority, are payable only in London. The reason for this regulation is obvious, since, if the whole circulation were liable to be presented indiscriminately at any one branch, it would be necessary, in order to guard against contingencies, that the stock of bullion at each of them should be as large as the stock in the Metropolis."

During the months of February, March, and April last, notes in great numbers passed between Russia, Prussia, and Austria, on the subject of the probable designs of M. Bonaparte respecting the throne of France. The substance of those notes oozed out, and was published in the journals sonic weeks ago ; and their purport was, that the Northern Powers would, for the sake of peace, respect a personal or an elective empire, but that they would not permit the establiehment of an hereditary empire in France by an usurper. Monarchy is of right divine, they said, and the divine right lies in the line of the Bourbons. Upon these notes, it was reported, a regular treaty had been drawn up ; and further, that it was signed, ratified, and exchanged on the 20th of May 1852, by the Emperor of Russia, the Emperor of Austria, and the King of Prussia. An analysis of this treaty was published.in the Morning. Chronicle of Wednesday, in the following terms.

"This convention, like the treaty of the 26th of September 1815, is placed by the three Sovereigns under the invocation of the most holy and undi- vided Trinity. Their Majesties the Emperor of Austria, the King of Prussia, and the Emperor of Russia, considering-

" That the basis of European order is hereditary right ; that in that re- spect there is a joint responsibility and interest (solidarity) between all European States ; considering also that, as regards France, the house of Bourbon personifies and represents the hereditary right, and that the present head of that house is the Comte de Chambord : "That the power exercised by M. Louis Napoleon Bonaparte is a power de facto, which cannot even prop itself up with the pretended right of the Emperor Napoleon, since the latter voluntarily renounced, by the first article of the treaty of Fontainebleau, for himself, his successors, and descendants, as well as for each member, of his family, all the rights of sovereignty and domination, as well over the French nation and the kingdom of Italy, as over any other country ' :

That, according to the rules of international right, the violation of the treaty of Fontainebleau by the Emperor Napoleon, while it released the Powers from the engagements taken by them with respect to him, did not release him from his renunciation, for himself and his descendants, of the crown of France : "That, moreover, the very origin of the present power of the President of the French Republic is the negation of hereditary right : "For all these motives, and for many others which it is useless to enume- rate, the subscribers to the present convention consider it their duty to de- termine beforehand, and by common accord, the conduct which they ought to hold in the event that one or other of the eventualities above enume- rated should present themselves. "In the case that the Prince Louis Bonaparte, present President of the French Republic, should get himself elected by universal suffrage as Em- peror for life, the Powers will not recognize that new form of elective power till after explanations shall have been demanded from Prince Louis Bona- parte as to the sense and meaning of his new title, and after he shall have taken an engagement—first, to respect the treaties ; secondly, not to endea- vour to extend the territorial limits of France ; and thirdly, formally to re- nounce all pretension to the continuation or founding of a dynasty.

"In the ease that the Prince Louis Bonaparte should declare himself hereditary Emperor, the Powers will not recognize the new Emperor; and will address to the French Government, as well as to all the other European Governments, ft protest founded on the principles of public law and on the letter of the treaties. They will afterwards consult, according to the circumstances, as to the ulterior measures which they may think it necessary to take. In the case that a popular or military movement should overturn the Government of Prince Louis Bonaparte, or simply in the case of the death of that personage, the Powers bind and oblige themselves to aid and favour by all means in their power the restora- tion of the legitimate heir of the crown ; and in the sequel they will recognize no other dynasty but that of the Bourbons, and no other claimant but M. le Comte de Chambord. In acting thus, they protest beforehand against the imputation of wishing to attack the independence of France. France is free to organize her internal government as she chooses; and the Powers do not reject the system called constitutional, any more than they reject any other system. But the recognition of legitimate and hereditary royalty does not interest France alone; it interests all European States. ft is a national principle In as far as regards France, and an international principle in as far as re- gards the other European Powers. It is on this account that the right and the duty devolve upon the Sovereigns of defending that principle, and of as- sisting it to triumph in as far as that depends upon them.

"This convention is signed—Francis Joseph, Frederick William, Nicolas."

, Cholera has broken out in Warsaw and the Grand Duchy of Posen. At Flechon, in the Grand Duchy, out of twenty-two cases in ten days, seventeen were fatal. In Warsaw, between forty and fifty cases occurred in two days.

Result of the Registrar-General's return of mortality in the Metropolis for the week ending on Saturday last.

Ten Weeks Week of 1841-30. of 1821.

Zymotle Disease& 264 3,368

, ...

Dropsy, Cancer, and other diseases of uncertain or variable seat 447

.... 40 Tubercular Diseases 182 1,952

Diseases of the Brain, Spinal Marrow, Nerves, and Senses 1,169

.... 110 Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels 276

.... 28 Diseases of the Lungs, and of the other Organs of Respiration 777

64 Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organsof Digestion 711

69 Diseases or Te• tic 103

7 Child birth, diseases of the U terns, ac 98 • • • •

Rheumatism, diseases of the Bones, Joints, &c

60

.... 10 Diseases of the Skin, Cellular Tissue, Ste 10 ....

1 Malformations. 29

Premature Birth 237

.... 33 Atrophy 280

.... 27 Age 415

.... 34 Sudden 74

.... 2 Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance 284

....

28 Total (Including unspecified causes) 1064

912

Recent events have given interest to a Parliamentary return lately issued, containing details respecting population and representation and their proportionate relations to each other. The broad statements show great anomalies. For instance, the amount of the county population proper in England is 9,770,495; of the inhabited houses, 2,097,556; of Members, 144: but out of these, seven county divisions, each returning only two Members, have a population of 2,557,308 and 568,512 inhabited houses; and as the population decreases the representation increases, until you ar- rive at a population of 787,921 and 155,669 houses, returning 25 Mem- bers. Perhaps a still more striking arrangement is to take the gross county population of England, including the represented towns, and show how Members are apportioned. Thus, out of sixty-nine county divisions,. fifteen, with a population of 8,893,164 and 1,598,327 inhabited houses, return only 30 Members ; while fifty-four divisions, with a population of 8,028,157, and 1,568,408 inhabited houses, return 113 Members : that is, less than half the entire population returns nearly four-fifths of the Mem- bers!

Not less anomalous is the representation of the boroughs. Sixteen boroughs with a population of 3,726,865, or more than a half of the whole of the represented borough population of England, return only 34 out of 328 Members ; while 170 boroughs with a population of 3,413,376 return 294 Members ! Here again the representation increases as the po- pulation diminishes.

To this must be added an unrepresented population of 1,457,137 con- tained in 272 place; including the Western London suburbs, and all places having upwards of 2000 inhabitants. Under the present system, one Member represents an average of 57,732 persons in the counties, and 21,769 in the towns.

On and from the 1st August next, all letters or packets for places within the 'United Kingdom, posted at any branch post-office or receiving-office in London. or within the limits of the London district post, must either be

prepaid stamps orbs sent unpaid. Money prepayment for inland letters will no longer be permitted at these offices. Letters or packets for places within the United Kingdom, posted at the windows of the chief office, St. Martin's-le-Grand, may be prepaid by money up to five p.m., after which hour they must be either prepaid by stamps or be sent unpaid. These regu- lations do not extend to letters for places abroad, which may still be prepaid by money or stamps, at the option of the sender.

Among the many alterations made by the Common Law Procedure Act, which will take effect on the 24th of October, is one to the effect that the death of a plaintiff or defendant shall not cause an action to abate, but it may be continued as set forth in the statute. It is also enacted that no pleading shall be deemed insufficient for any defect which could heretofore only be ob- jected to by special demurrer. By the same act, writs of error are abolished. It is provided by the 148th section that a writ of error shall not be necessary or used in any cause ; and the proceeding to error shall be a step in the cause, and shall be taken in the manner provided by the act ; but nothing in the act is to invalidate any proceedings already taken, or to be taken, by reason of any writ of error issued before the commencement of the act.

The Cambridge Independent Press announces that the Bishop of Ely has ordered the Reverend J. T. Bennett, M.A., Rector of Chevely, near New- market, to hold morning service in his church on every saint's day through- out the year, in compliance with the request of some of his Puseyite parish- ioners.

It is said that telegraph-wires will -be submerged next month between Harwich and Holland, and between Dover and Ostend.

We have been informed upon credible authority that a quantity of gold quartz was discovered between Hadleigh and Boxford. It appears that a labourer was employed -digging upon Friar's Hill, when, seeing something glitter, his attention was directed to what he had raised. He took a large portion to a silversmith's shop, where it was tested, and found to contain pure gold. The report of such a discovery threw the town of Hadleigh into com- motion, and a general rush was made to the " diggings."—Ipswieh Journal The Medical Gazette points out a serious source of morbific danger in the hackney-carriages of the Metropolis. Persons suffering from smallpox„ typhus, and other contagious diseases, are conveyed to the hospital in cabs and omnibuses, to the number of more than 1300 annually ; besides those who are conveyed from fever-hospitals home. Cabs that have been thus em- ployed have been seen to take up fresh fares immediately afterwards. The cab is an ill-contrived vehicle for a patient, to whom any posture but that of lying down is often death ; and it is a fact that patients are not unfre- quently found dead in the carriage. The use of ordinary public carriagee for such purposes, knowingly, should be made a penal offence.