6 JULY 1850, Page 7

3iiiortIlaurano.

The Queen has been ;dewed to authorize the foundation of a second Bishopric in Lower Canada, which will thus be divided into the two die.- vises of Quebec and Montreal. Her Majesty has also been graciously pleased to nominate the Reverend Francis Fulford, M.A., Minister of Curzon Chapel, in the parish of St. George, Hanover Square, and late Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, to be first Bishop of the newly-consti- tuted see of Montreal. The present Bishop of Montreal, who now ad- ministers the undivided diocese, will henceforward bear the title of Bishop of Quebee.—Norning Post.

A respected member of the Peerage departed in the person of the Ronan Catholic Lord Petre. W1 Henry Francis Petre, born. in.

1793, was the son of the tenth Lord Petre, by a daughter of the twelfth- Duke of Norfolk. He succeeded his father in 180% and married in 1815 the daughter of Sir Richard Bedingfield, Baronet ; and his son by that marriage, William Barnard, born in 1817, succeeds him as twelfth Baron Petro.

One hundred and twenty members of the Reform Club have iraitedViscount Palmerston to a dinner of congratulation on the late discussion in Parliament. His Lordship has accepted the invitation.

Ten representatives of Liberal constituencies though t fit. to vete on Friday night against Mr. Roebuck's motion. These are Sir IL W. Barron, Mr. Grantley Berkeley, Mr. Hume, Mr. J. B. Smith, Mr. Meagher -Mr. Sullivan, Mr. Bright, Mr. Cobden, Mr. Milner Gibson, and Sir WilliaLMolestgorth. . . . . Their prejudices and their antipathies grievouslydisqualifytherii front representing Liberal constituencies. Already i ready'steps are n ?regrew: for Omer, taming the collective opinions of the West Riding, of Manchester, and South wark, upon the conduct of their represerrtatises.—Globe. (! ! !) Mr. Roebuck was to have had a field-day in the House of Commons on the subject of the Irish Church, on Tuesday ; but when the time arrived, Mr. Osborne stated in the House that Mr. Roebuck was "unable to *eve from his bed."

At last has arrived safely in England that celebrated Eastern gem the Xoh-i-noor diamond, which came into British possession by the annexa- tion of the kingdom of Lahore to our Indian dominions. It has been brought home from Bombay in the Medea steam-ahem by Colonel Macke. son, Political Agent, and Captain Ramsay, 'Military Secretary of the In- dian Governor-General. The- Times has devoted a leading article to the history and adventures of•this unrivalled jewel. The Koh-i-noor, or "Mountain of Light," was discovered in the mines of Golconda at the time (1550) when the region of that name constituted the kingdom of Kootub Shah, under the suzerainty of the Mogul Emperor Shah Jemaum, father of the great Aurungzebe. Shah Jemaum was a most acute connoisseur in gems: it is related that after his deposition., and while in cap-. tivity, his successor submitted to his judgment the genuineness Of a certain r,uby.m the Imperial treasury. which -had been discredited, and his decision was-received as beyond appeal. A scarcely inferior judge of such matters in those days was Meer Jusala, the Prime Minister of the King of Gokonda ; and the Mogul Emperor and the King of Golconda having fallen out, the treacherous Meer Jumla forsook his master, contributed to his overthrow and by the bribe of the Kohs-i-noor obtained from the conquering Mogul. the vacant throne. Thus the gem passed from Golconda to Delhi;. and at Delhi,- in 1665, it was seen by the privileged eyes of the French traveller Tavernier, in the hands of Aurungzebe himself'. "The Great Mogul set on his_ throne of state, while the chief keeper of the jewels produced his trea- sures for inspection on two golden dishes. The magnificence of the collec- tion was indescribable, but conspicuous in lustre, esteemyand value was the Koh-i-noor.

"Sometimes worn on the person of t,he Moguls, sometimes adorning the famous peacock throne, this inestimable gem waezafely preserved at fielhi, until, in 1739, the empire received its fatal blow from the invasion of Nadir Shah. Among the spoils of conquest which the Persian warrior carried back with him in triumph to Khorassan, and which have been variously- esti- mated as worth front thirty to ninety millions sterling, the Koh-i-noor was the most precious trophy : but it was destined, to pass from Persia as quickly as that ephemeral supremacy, in virtue of which it had been acquired. Na.. dir Shah had entertained in his service a body, of Affghans of the Abdallee tribe under the leadership of Ahmed Shah, who also served his master inthe capacity of treasurer ; and when the Persian conqueror was assassinated by Ins subjects, the Affghans, after vainly endeavouring. to rescue or avenge, him, fought their way to their own frontiers, though only 4,000 strong, through the hosts of the Persian army. In conducting this intrepid retreat, Ahmed Shah carried off with him the treasures in his possession ; and was probably aided by these means as well as by his own-valour in consolidating the new state which, under the now familiar title of the Doorman° Empire; he speedily created in Cabul. It seemed as if the Koh-i-nor carried with it the sovereignty of Hindostan; for the conquests-of Ahmed were as decisive as those of Nadir, and it was by his nomination and patronage that the last Em_ peror ascended the throne of the Moguls." • With the overthrow of the Doorannee Monarchy by the consolidated power of the Sikhs, under Runjeet Singh, the jewel passed to a new master. Shah Shuja of Cabul was the last chief of the Abdallee dynasty who possessed it ; and the mode of its transfer to Runjeet Singh is one of the most characterisa tic incidenta in Eastern history. Shah Shuja was a fugitive from Cabul, under the equivocal protection of the Sikh chief. "Runjeet Singh was fully competent either to the defence or the restoration of the fugitive - but he knew or suspected the treasure in his possession, and his mind was bent upon acquiring it. Ile put the Shah under strict surveillance and made a formal demand for the jewel. The Doorarmee Prince hesitated, prevaricated, tem- porized, and employed all the artifices of Oriental diplomacy ; but in vaina Itunjeet redoubled the stringency of his measures; and at length, the 1st of June 1813 was fixed as the day when the great diamond of the Moguls should. be surrendered by the Abdallee chief to the ascendant dynasty of the Singh& The two princes: met in a room appointed for the purpose, and took their seats on the ground. A solemn silence then ensued, which continued un- broken for an hour. At length Runjeers impatience overcame the sugges- tions of Asiatic decorum and he whispered to an attendant to quicken the memory of the Shah. The exiled prince spoke not a word in reply, but gave a signal with his eyes to a eunuch in attendance; who, retiring for a mo- ment, returned with a small roll which he set down upon the carpet mid-way between the two chiefs. Again a pause followed ; when, at a sign from Run- jeet, the roll was unfolded, and there in its matchkes and unspeakable bril- liancry glittered the Koh-i-noor. "Excepting the somewhat doubtful claims of the Brazilian stone among the Crown jewels of Portugal,. the Koh-i-noor is the largest known diamond in the world. When first given to Shah Jehaun it was still uncut; weigb- ing, it is said, in that rough state, nearly $00 carats, which were reduced by the unskilfulness of the artist to 279, its present weight. It was cut by Hortensio Borgia, a Venetian ; who, instead of receiving a remuneration for his labour, was fined 10,000 rupees for his wastefulness, by the enraged Mo- gul. In form it is rose-cia is to say-, it is eut to a point in a series of small faces, or facets,' without any tabular surface. A good general idea may be formed of its shape andsise by conceiving it as the pointed-half of a small hen's egg, though it is-said not to have risen more than -half an inch from the gold setting in which it was worn by Itunjeet. Its valueajs scarcely computable, though two millions sterling. has been mentioned as a justifiable price if calculated by thescale employed inthe trade. The Pitt diamond breught over hens, s byithe .-endfather of Lord Chatham, and sold to -the Regent Drleaiisaii 1717 fbr32.6 0001., weighs scarcely 130 carats ; nor does. the greet diaanood whighalupparie,the link thesummit

af weigthis niuch as

-Results of 'theltegistriiriGgiferarraretairfi Of iliorttditly'in the Metropolis for the Week ending_nai Sataylllbstiathe 'gist caltifnit -,ofa figures gives the- aggregate number-of deaths in.itheiceerespondingarpeka of:the ten previous 10015i•-•, • .•; fl if it:ad Csaa •• • olia . s. alaarr ea:L.4 Ftnanks

• Zynibtic Di:sedan 1911: :14:. . . . :1985 ....

Drape', Calrecr,tand otheviliscasus of uneprfa4torSlutiabletrittat.. 488,, s •13t,

TUberculaY Diges 1839 i78 •

Diseases of the Brain, spinal brarPolif 5113891MAIlialIPhif& flee- , • • • • Dfseaksi of the anti of the vitlfer of RUspiratIon " Diseases et the Heart and Illsod7y.essehl • • • • ,.err Diseases of the 5taniaelt, Li V LT,- and other OrgansottitkpestIon :BIT. -

Diseases of the Nidaoys, me

Childbirth, distamMotthe Uterus, Sc RheumatiSto, diseasfe of ithe BOuesi../olnts, &.e

Diseases of the S kin, Ctillular Tiothei •ke •. Malformations Premature Binh „ Atrophy Sudden Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intompertince

Total (including unspoeibefieml59) Trkts33.31V01.05 f.iitS.1tvt e f The returns show an • unwonted., increase- of-m a,thia• week, from the concurrent registration of the quarterly. deaths 04„ ch inquests have been held ; but even with these additions the deafly:a:Fe 29 below the average. TWo deaths of cholera are noted'; One in c'hpavgate, in three days, after a...-terf-days attack of acute rheumatisni;.:110 Other in forty-five hours. - 'Theineanheight of the barometer was 29.888-inches ; of the thermometer, 64.2 degrees.

By an order of the Home Office, Fuss4ief..Cliartist.has been liberated remit the unexpired three mouths of his seatfence'r . . oteirmaof, unwise -. 11,14 , • a : aim: a, - from the House of Correction in Tahitijetty., eingiplgreieflta.. merit to which Ernest Jones was sentenced expires bill ' 11th instant. ..., Sir Launcelot Shadwell is convalescent, and if is prole that he will be able to resume his public duties before the racation.tlfitning Chronicle of

,

Monday.

• The Duke of Wellington, at his late audit for Stratielsay-e, King0Clere, Belighifist; &a, made an abatement of 15 per cent to ' 'finantry, in ;Celia Sequence of the great reduction in the price of all ag:riagfltural prodifeb.taa Salisbury Herald. . 0 -cm tiff:" , Mr. Dyee Sombre has Printed in Paris, and eireulateitin- 'Londam,4 psti - phlet office hundred and ninety octaivo pagesa Ltiffirbieltifilierfeet SOnn'Y!'w M. Lumseben, -who has for seventy-tio'yetallieirtliikleidinostruaattil- at Kolding in Denmark, died on the '23d341'0,t7611iipaplextlitt the 'age of oriW hundred and two. .11e.had enjoyed robusthatilth lip to the Moment of lig., death, which-look place 'While he, was wrifusga despatch..., An exti-aordinary calculator,. a Erermaii I fiamed baze,-. is at r present in Lot'- thou; and the other evening he exhibited hiapovters at the Institute of Actua., mies. "The first question-asked him was, theproduel Ali number Canairitas, iug of five figures, lay another niun.ber of figures - anflthereorrect aniseerwasc given almost in,stantaneouilya The, balloting'shalisasviiich had just been tise4, for the admission 'of new members, Were thrown fiiiiii. the box loose upo*-

the table, and Herr Daze after taing a single glance, and then tirriung7 awayy, declared the totelapirishor sto,,be,68aawhich. proved.* be liorreetaghen the balLs.were eountsalpnarefurned to the beg., . It aliduld be remarked im,

this 'case, that some lying much nearer tether than others; aid,. they would appear to an ordinary spectator to, be so confuSed as to puzileeAlea an experienced calculator how to avoid reckoning some of them twice: 'Ile- thengave the product of two numbers to twelee figures, multiplied it by seVeii„: and repeated the latter product backwards Witlaiut an. &lei in anyligifieil-• He was then asked the cube of 457; 'which Vinai aoire'ctlygiveri, 05,443;99V- almost instantaneously. Ire will divide a ntnnber by another, consistingpf two or three figures, and will write down theanswer at once,.-iii-one line without any apparent intermediate process:- 1..naes rapid a inann.itthe gri, the factors to 7,421, namely 41.181. Befit iiir-arld take up ails . , h tin to state all the surprising proofs of this '"Eaflgular gift of calculation; may merely mention, as one instance, that he nsultiplied a number,consisti# of twelve figures, by another number of twelve figures, and gaVe the pile, duct correctly in one, ininute and three-quarters." • "--' Such has been ther,eatrziairdinery -demand oflate. for, ced-liver oil for media dial purposes that the mige has risen in theittlitthern markets from abaft' 201. to 36/. a ton. The liver seems to he theilicka m valuable part ; for cat AA, which this time kat year-was bainging,131apertmia WAS last month agl-- ling as lbw as 91..l'Obn o' &Teat •Journal. .-.1;...!

The picture presented by the Palinerstonie *Oh of Parliament ta _ . • Lady Palmerston has been exhibited by Messasie,D, end. Dominic Oci,

naghi, pa On incentive to subscribers for an engravin&Finch is to be. of it by Mr. Samuel Cousins. The pieture is exemitediby MT. Partridg and is a. tolerable painting, of the smart order. The 'Viscount is standing by a table—table and floor artistically strewed Wishablue books and other knicknacks--as ,though the Minister were sot out to receive a deputation. The likeness is good; although somesehat smoothed and touched-up- with the cosmetics of portrait-painting,--the features are a thoughtmore classic, the tints less altered by time, the waist Slightly elnign in,' the limba lengthened to a little more classic pnapbrtion. On 'the,other hand; the force of the countenance is saerificed to- its more sai„ikLfie0.1- glaracterfs- tics, lightness and "Pleasant 'Itaniatir. This is altdieaseifititrialersuasive gentleman, but not the pleasant and persuasive geni18nliithteki1ihil mind to set Europe on fire—and can do it. '101 e'netetofebai. -75 .

221 ••••ii,11•In•-• 141 att•b,isnca'---

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