10 JULY 1909

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In the Belgian Chamber on Tuesday the Government was interpellated

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on a speech in which on June 12th at Antwerp King Leopold recommended the granting of lands in the Congo to Belgian companies carrying on operations in China. According to the...

Teheran has been in a fever of anxiety for many

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days past, is the Bakhtiari, under Sardar-Asad, and revolutionary troops have been slowly advancing on the city. The only soldiers at the disposal of the Shah are said to be the...

The force would not march further than Kazvin unless compelled

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to do so by events, and the commander would be expressly instructed that the exclusive object of the expedition was the protection of foreigners. On Monday morning the...

*,* The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

On Monday in the French Chamber M. Cruppi, the Minister

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of Commerce, explained the views of the Government on the proposals of the Customs Committee for revising the tariff. He said that if all the suggestions of the Committee were...

•

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NEWS OF THE WEEK T N the French Chamber on Monday M. Pichon announced the programme of the four protecting Powers—Britain, France, Russia, and Italy—in Crete as follows....

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The Wellington correspondent of the Times says in Tuesday's paper

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that there is considerable distress in New Zealand through unemployment. The Acting Minister of Finance has stated the situation as follows. Last year the works fund was aided...

A correspondent who signs himself "Disgusted Liberal" asks us what

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we think of the following passage to be found in a leading article in the Daily News of Wednesday :— " He [Mr. Lloyd George] had to provide for more than this year. He had to...

The King's labours were not exhausted by this tour. On

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Thursday he was back in London to lay the first stone of the new buildings of the Imperial College of Science and Technology. The Imperial College, it may be remembered, was...

The King has spent a busy week visiting the Midlands

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and Lancashire and reviewing Territorial troops. On Saturday last his Majesty, accompanied by the Queen, opened the new Speech House at Rugby School. On Monday there was a...

We have dealt in our leading columns with the Budget,

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and with the debates in Parliament during the week. We can only say here that the fluid nature of the Budget has been once more illustrated, and that the Chancellor of the...

We wish we could reply that it does not matter

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what the Daily News says, but, unfortunately, the time for such a reply has gone by. The words we have quoted. represent the influences which are now dominant in, not only the...

That is a very strong expression of opinion, but we

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do not think it goes beyond the truth to say that the national welfare is involved in scientific and technical education. The present position is something of this kind....

We give elsewhere our reasons for believing that the allegation

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so generally insisted upon, that the House of Lords, though it can reject a Finance Bill as a whole, has no power to reject a portion thereof, is founded upon a verbal confusion...

On Wednesday the King and Queen passed through Liver- pool,

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where they were enthusiastically received, and arrived at Birmingham. The King's replies to the various addresses were uniformly happy, with just the right combination of...

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Those who, like ourselves, desire that a spirit of comprehen-

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sion and compromise, the spirit which so strongly inspires the preface to the Prayer-book, shall be the ruling spirit in the Church of England, will be well satisfied if the...

It is estimated that universal training would give us in

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case of peril about one million two hundred thousand men for home defence. That is good, but the military result might possibly be obtained in other ways. What could not be...

The National Service League has issued a useful ani timely

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pamphlet showing that the cost of adopting the principle of universal training—such training to be four months for the infantry, and not more than two additional months for...

On Monday an inquest was held at Kensington Town Hall

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on the body of Sir Curzon Wyllie, who was shot by the Indian, Mader Lal Dhingra, at the Imperial Institute on the previous Thursday. One of the witnesses produced a book...

The Daily Telegraph of Friday contains a very interesting article

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on Convocation and the Athanasian Creed, in which we are told that the Committee of the Lower House of Convocation of Canterbury has reported on the use of the Athanasian Creed,...

In view of these figures, one cannot help noting what

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would happen after social reform on the New Zealand model had been fully applied here. New Zealand has one-fortieth of our population. Therefore, if we plunge as deeply as New...

An interesting recruit to the cause of national 'service is

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the Bishop of Salisbury, who, speaking in Convocation on Wednesday, described how his visit to Germany had con- verted him to a belief in the advantages of military training. We...

Bank Rate, 21 per cent., changed from 3 per cent.

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April 1st. °ousels (21) were on Friday 88f—Friday week 844.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE HOUSE OF LORDS AND TAXATION. I N the confused and difficult, region of Constitutional law and practice concerned with the respective rights of the Lords and Common's in...

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HOW SHALL WE GOVERN INDIA? T HE tragedy of the deaths

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of Sir Curzon Wyllie and Dr. Lalcaca has set many minds in England at work on the problem of India and her government, for Englishmen, in Cromwell's phrase, make a conscience of...

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THE NATIVE QUESTION IN SOUTH AFRICA.

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M R. W. P. SCHREINER has brought with him from South Africa a petition concerning the natives' rights of citizenship, which he proposes to lay before Parliament when the Draft...

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WINDFALLS.

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O NE of the peculiarities of the present Liberal Party is the way in which its prominent members are always appealing to authority. Failing to find intelligible reasons of their...

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A REGISTER OF TRAINED MEN.

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W E have always held that one of the greatest of our military mistakes is the fact that we are perpetually training men in the use of arms, and then losing touch with them...

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• THE CONFLICT OF FAITH.

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" T O see the Founder of the Christian movement and some of his followers as they appeared among their con- temporaries ; to represent Christian and pagan with equal goodwill...

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THE THIRD DEGREE.

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T HE recent strange murder of a girl missionary in Chinatown, New York, has brought to the notice of Englishmen the third degree" system of questioning prisoners by which be New...

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CHILDREN AT THE FARM.

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T HE best way to the farm is through the hayfields, with the ox-eye daisies white among the totter-grass and sorrel. The field slopes up to a ridge and down from it again, and...

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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THE WONDERS OF TROPICAL AFRICA. [To TRH EDITOR OT THR " SPECTATOR." j Sia,—The wonders of tropical Africa are so little known or realised by those who never leave our island...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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TEE "TIMES," THE LORDS, AND THE BUDGET. [To THE ROMS Or SKS "SPRCTATOL1 Sin,—Being one of very many who have been greatly cheered by your admirable articles on the Budget,...

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LAND DEVELOPERS AND THE BUDGET.

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LTO VTR EDITOU OF TUR SPECT12011." SIR,—The Chancellor of the Exchequer professes to be anxious to see land developed. He proceeds to fall upon the land developer and smite...

INCREMENT OF LAND VALUE. [TO TIM EDITOR OR TILL semarkrote.-]

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SIR,—Lord Westbury is said to have thus advised a youthful member of the Bar :—" Never make a mistake in logic ; it is sure to be found out ; the facts remain at your...

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THE LORDS AND THE BUDGET.

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ITo THR EDITOR Or THB "SPICTATOft."1 SIR,—One can scarcely take up an English paper without seeing that the Budget is political as well as financial, and therefore a fit...

PROFESSORIAL FINANCE. tTo TEM carton 01 TUN 'HPBUrATOILl

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SIR,—Professors Pigou and Cunningham of Cambridge seem to me, a mere plain man, to be obscuring counsel in letters to the Times on the subject of the Budget. The first-named...

MR. CARNEGIE AND THE LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR.'] SIR,—It gives me great pleasure to answer your question in the affirmative (Spectator, June 26th). Should any question arise under the...

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THE INDIAN REFORMS.

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[To TH1 EDITOR Or TUX "SigeTATOR." J SIR,—In a letter you did me the honour to publish on March 20th last I pointed out that Lord Morley's so-called reforms would not satisfy...

DR. CAWAS LALCACA.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPEC TATOR.'] SIR,—May I crave a little space in your widely read paper to pay a tribute to one of the whitest and best men that ever lived ? I refer...

"A NEW WAY OF LIFE."

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[To Tull EDITOR OF TUB "SP EcTATolt."] SIR,—Although agreeing with the first part of your corre- spondent's interesting letter (Spectator, July 3rd), he gives no proof at all...

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THE "SPECTATOR" TENT AT BISLEY.

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[To ras EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.'] Sru,—The generous interest of your readers who provided a "Spectator Tent" at Bisley in August, 1907 and 1908, was most helpful and...

THE MANUFACTURE OF PAUPERS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.'] SIR,-21. propos of your interesting utterances upon our present social outlook, it has sometimes occurred to one that we may derive hope for...

SCOTT'S PATRIOTISM.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "Sexcr•Torun] Srn,—Scott's patriotic feeling (see Spectator, July 3rd, p. 3) was not confined to his own breast, as the following reply made to him by...

ENGLISH BUSINESS METHODS.

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[To THE EDITOR OE TIIII "SPECTATOR."] SIR, — It is said that the Colonial editors, after a tour through business England, wondered that there was so much pessimism written...

THE FOURTH CENTENARY OF ST. PAUL'S SCHOOL.

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[TO TITS EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Sni„—This is a year of centenaries, with this or that numeral prefixed to them. St. Paul's School has been celebrating its fourth, and...

THE ANGOLA SLAVERY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE ." SPECTATOR."] beg to enclose for the information of your readers an extract from a letter sent me by an Englishman who has just returned from Angola...

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THE CALL OF THE CUCKOO.

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[TO TDB EDITOR 01 TIM SPECTATOR:1 SIR,—The correspondence in your recent issues on "The Call of the Cuckoo" has had a special interest for me, particularly from a musician's...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."1 connexion with the

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interesting letters in last week's and the previous issue of the Spectator on the above subject, I wonder if many of your readers remember what Browning wrote in " A Lovers'...

THE SETTING DOWN OF BIRDS' SONGS. [To TUB EDITOR OF

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TDB "SPICCTLTOR.1 SIR,—Last week you printed a setting down of the skylark's song by Charles d'Orleans. It is extremely pretty, and an excellent imitation of the bird's...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR"] SIR,—The differences of opinion

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with regard to the cuckoo's note may find a partial explanation in the following experi- ence, if you do not consider your readers' patience exhausted. The last summer that I...

[To TEE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR,"] SIR, — The cuckoo-call we have

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mostly heard here throughout May and June has been from E to D. On June 14th I heard a very low second, I think B to A, and the same evening a fourth, approximately G to D. On...

DO ANIMALS REASON ?

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:] SIR, — I have more than once seen a dog act in the way described by your correspondent Mr. Robertson in your June 26th issue. I had a...

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ITO THE EDITOR OF run "srivartroa.'l

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Si,—Reading the French verse given by your correspondent "L. E. W." in last week's Spectator reminds me of the verse I learnt as a child in the original edition of "Bewick's...

[To THE EDITOR OP THY "SPECTATOR."] SIE,—I am no botanist,

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but think there can be no doubt that the scarcity of leaf on the wych elms this year is due to the exhaustion of Nature in producing the extraordinary mass of bloom. All trees,...

1.TO THE EDITOR Of THE " SracTrros. - 1 SIR,—In your article

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of June 26th on "The Setting Down of Birds' Songs" the "pu-we" is the song of the starling without doubt. I regret, with Mr. B. F. Hall, the wanton destruction of nests by boys....

[TO THE EDITOR Of THE "SPECTATOR.']

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SIR,—The excess of flowers and defect of leaves in wych elms noticed by Mr. Whiting in your last issue have been most remarkable in the avenue of elms planted some ten or...

[TO THE EDITOR Of THE "SPECTATOR."]

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SIE,—In the Midlands the wood-pigeons have always been understood to say : "Take two coo, Taffy, two coo," and it is never questioned that Taffy was brought in because of his...

FLOWERS FOR THE LONDON HOSPITALS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE 'SP ROTATOH.."] San,—May I draw your attention to a scheme of collecting flowers which is being successfully worked at Pinner ? Every Thursday morning...

BYRON AND DANTE.—A CORRECTION.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "S1'ECTATOR.1 Sia,—May I be allowed to point out that the writer of the interesting and appreciative review of my "Dante in English Literature" in the...

WYCH ELMS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Wiltabire is some distance from Lincolnehire, so it may interest your correspondent Mr. Whiting of last week to know that the same...

NOTICE.—When Articles or "Correspondence" are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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BOOKS.

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THE LAST VOLUMES OF THE " TIMES " HISTORY.* WE heartily congratulate Mr. Amery and his helpers on the completion of their huge task. It is a difficult matter to write the...

POETRY.

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"THE PLACE OF FAME." THE marriage registers of Somerset : Printed and bound lest later men forget. Theme for the sage who sang the village lore, Or him who penned the annals...

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MISS WEDGWOOD'S ESSAYS.*

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MISS WEDGWOOD'S essays are full of brilliant and illuminating sentences and paragraphs, but they show a lack of the power of characterisation. The author was intimately...

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PHILANTHROPY AND THE STATE.*

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THE late Mr. Gray's representatives have done well to publish the fragment of history and criticism from which we borrow the title of this article. We may not agree with the...

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THE IRON CARDINAL.*

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McCiBB's study of the life and career of Richelieu is to some extent a satisfactory book. It is certainly interesting. The name of the great Cardinal is one of the best known in...

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AMONG THE AFGHANS.*

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WE use the word " Afghans " for the miscellany of tribes which occupies the country between the frontier of Afghan- istan and British India. Here Dr. Pennell has spent fifteen...

" There are in reality only two religions on this

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little planet, and they perhaps begin and end with man. They are : the religion of the humble folk, whose life is a daily communion with natural forces, and a bending to them ;...

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THE MAGAZINES.

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THE Nineteenth Century devotes much of its space this month to politics. The doyen of Imperial statesmen, Sir Charles Tupper, in a paper on "The Unity and Defence of the Empire"...

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NOVELS.

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THE ADVENTURES OF JOHN SMITH IN MALAYA; 1600-1605.* Tina book of fictitious adventures, which we have come across by accident, has given us a peculiar pleasure. Few kinds of...

The Pools of Silence. By H. de Vere Stacpoole. (T.

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Fisher Unwin. 6s.)—The author of this book frankly acknowledges in a note at the beginning that it is a novel with a purpose, the purpose being once more to draw attention to...

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Woman Suffrage a National Danger. By Heber Hart, LL.D. (T.

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Murby and Co. is. net.)—To begin with, this means universal suffrage,—i.e., about quadrupling the present electorate. It involves the decay of the race and the home. It...

Galatea of the Wheatfield. By N. E. Francis. (Methuen and

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Co. 6s.)—This is a perfectly delightful study of a country girl who falls in love with a gentleman. The girl innocently compromises herself in the eyes of the world, and her...

READABLE NovaLs.--The Actress. By Louise Closser Hale. (A. Constable and

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Co. (ls.)-1 story told in the first person by the heroine, who is an American. She is an ingenuous and attractive young lady, and though her struggle between her art and her...

be as well to review the progress of this great

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work. Vols. I.-VI. are complete. Vol. VII., "0—P," which is under the charge of Sir James Murray, is to be finished by the October issue. The volume now current is shared by...

Register of Magdalen College, Oxford. Vol VI., 1821 - 1880. By William

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Dunn Macray. (H. Frowde. Is. 6d. net.)—The period covered by this volume was marked by a great change. Magdalen, from being a close foundation, became a College of the...

The Oldest English Epic. Translated in the Original Metre by

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Francis Gummere. (Macmillan and Co. 4s. 6c1.)—Mr. Gummere has caught the tone and spirit of Beowulf very happily. The verse is of the simplest, and he has done well to keep...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heating ice notice such Book, of the week as haw not tssii swerved for rsvisw in other forms.] The Stone Ages in North Britain and Ireland. By the Rev. Frederick...

The Story of Hampshire. By the Rev. Telford Varley. (A.

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and C. Black. is. 6d.)—Mr. Varley writes his book for the upper standards of elementary schools and the lower forms of secondary, and he has done good service to patriotism,...

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The Girl's School Year Book, 1909. (Swan Sonnensebein and Co.

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2s. ed. net.)—Here we have lists of Colleges and schools for female education, with curricula, fees, and regulations generally ; an index of teachers ; and a useful summary of...