10 OCTOBER 1925

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M. Caillaux's visit to Washington to settle the terms of

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the French debt has ended in an arrangement which has been variously interpreted but which marks an unquestimable failure to reach the desired end. The feeling between the two...

" The influence of M. Caillaux, who is convincing his

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countrymen that France cannot permanently prosper Unless -she pays her debts and placates her 'enemies, has - of Comte been great, but another strong influence is the war in...

The Russian Commissar for Foreign Affairs left Moscow last week

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to seek medical advice in Central Europe. He broke his journey at Warsaw where banquets and the toasting of a foreign representative in the old capitalist style seem to have...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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various Ministers . for Foreign Affairs who are assembled at Locarno display in almost equal parts a sincere desire to conclude a Pact and an appreciation of the manifold-...

Mr. Chamberlain said that he was profoundly thankful that at

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last the exchange of Notes had ceased and Allied and German statesmen -were meeting round a table for a frank and most friendly discussion. All the world must view with...

EDITORIAL AND PIIBLISMNG OFFICES : 13 York Street, Covent Garden,

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London, W.C.2.—A Subscription to the " Spectator" costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the tVoild. The Postage On this issue is : Inland, let.,...

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The upshot of the negotiations at Washington was that M.

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Caillaux offered £8,000,000 for the first five years, £12,000,000 for the next seven years and £20,000,000 for fifty-six further years. This offer was refused, but the...

The French advance has continued and the French and Spanish

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armies are now in touch. The Paris corres- pondent of the Times said in Tuesday's paper that during September more than 8,500 families had submitted in the regions bordering on...

The fate of Mosul remains, of course, undecided. The Secretary

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of State for the Colonies made a vigorous speech at Birmingham last week, giving in our opinion a fair account of the course of the discussions at Geneva. The Way in which some...

The French and Spanish armies in Morocco have made considerable

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progress. The Spaniards in particular have turned their doubtful enterprise at Morro Nuevo into a distinct success. When we learned that the troops which had landed on the...

Copies of the • Argentine newspapers which have reached this

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country show how handsomely the visit of the Prince of Wales was honoured by particular efforts in the Press. The special number of La Nation contains portraits of leading...

Mr. Bruce, the Prime Minister of Australia, opened his election

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campaign on-Monday when he declared that the Government was - determined to -defeat the nefarious designs of the extremists. He - asked the electois for a mandate so that the...

There is not yet any reassuring news of peace in

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China ; rather the reports from the South point to more fighting. The judicial inquiry into the shooting at Shanghai in May . was opened on Wednesday. The International...

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The West Ham Guardians continue to refuse the con- ilitions

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which the Minister of Health attaches to the offer of loans. Mr. Neville Chamberlain offered £300,000, but stipulated that the scale of relief must be reduced. If that...

Sir Arthur Keith told the students of King's College Hospital

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last week that nineteen or twenty years was the age at which the human brain was fully developed for study, and emphasized his belief that excessive brain work is much rarer...

The Daily Express of Tuesday said that there is much

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indignation in the Channel Islands at the request of the British Government - that Jersey shall contribute £325,000 a year to Imperial taxation . and Guernsey _1275,000. A...

We have written in our first leading article about the

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persistent abuse of the Prime Minister in certain news- papers. When writing the article we were in two minds whether to mention Lord Rothermere and Lord Beaverbrook as the...

The action of insubordinate and spendthrift Boards of Guardians is

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a glaring scandal. The Guardians have not any legal power, of course, to levy rates, but in practice they do levy them by incurring expenditure that can be met after the event...

The Church Congress opened at Eastbourne on Tuesday and the

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Archbishop of Canterbury preached a notable sermon as an introduction to the discussion of the main subject before the Congress, which is " World Problems and Christianity." In...

Rank Rate, 4 per cent., changed from 41 per cent.

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on October 1st, 1925. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 102} ; on Thursday week 102} ; a year ago 102*. Funding - Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 871 ; on Thursday...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY

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THE PRIME MINISTER AND HIS CRITICS TrIlE time has come to protest against the nagging, morning and evening, to which the Prime Minister is treated in some newspapers,...

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THE LOCARNO CONFERENCE

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TT IGH hopes are turned towards the Conference at Locarno, not because any serious student of foreign affairs thinks that the negotiations will be easy, but because the...

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THE SUCCESS OF THE FOOD COUNCIL

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THE Food Council is justifying its existence. So far as the nation owes to it the reduction of the price of a quartern loaf by a penny or even a halfpenny, our aggregate debt to...

O. M. S.

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E has been a good deal of excitement during .l the week about the Organisation for the Mainten- ance of Supplies. The O.M.S. has been denounced as a class movement, and we...

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CHINA IN CONVULSION

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[The writer of this narrative, the Rev. A. W. Loehead, has been a missionary in Honan for the past twenty-one years.] W HEN the Chinese Republic was established nearly fourteen...

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1 T was suggested by the writer of the original article

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entitled " What is Wrong with England ? " that we are suffering from a variety of diseases which are intensely complicated. The first step in curing a disease is -to diagnose it...

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SKULLS AND PREHISTORY

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T HE science of Anthropology has always had a peculiar fascination for the non-technical reader, and more than ever at present owing to the interest focused on it from two...

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TWO CHAMPIONS AGAINST TUBERCLE

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I.—M. HENRY SPAHLINGER. R each end of the Lake of Geneva, as it so chances, there lives a champion of mankind against tuberculosis, the white plague, one of the chief enemies...

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CREATURES OF THE NIGHT

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T HE equinox is upon us again with exasperating promptness, opening another period of those lengthier nights which are neither good to man nor beast. For it is a very...

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CONCERNING MEN'S DRESS

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BY A WOMAN. A PROFESSOR in Berlin recently had the curiosity to weigh first the wearing apparel of his assistant ana then the wearing apparel of the assistant's wife. He found...

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THE TIVATRE

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THE RETURN VISIT - OF LA • CHAUVE.i - SOLIRIS M. NIKITA BALIEFF'S company has lost none of its versatility or of its surprising competence. The new programme at the Strand...

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THE MOTOR SHOW

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Tim Motor Show at Olympia, which remains open until October' 17th, is the largest and mast representative exhibition of motor cars that has ever been known. The fact that the...

RICHARD III.

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THERE is a sad discovery to chronicle as the result of the Old Vic's production of Richard III. Miss Edith Evans is no tragedienne. While she -stood silent against a black...

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CORRESPONDENCE

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A DELEGATE'S IMPRESSIONS AT THE LABOUR PARTY CONFERENCE. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,-4 am well aware of the broad and tolerant interest towards public affairs which...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your correspondent, J., has

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reminded your readers of Carlyle's description of the workless in his day. May I draw- attention to the call o Aanother social prophet of last century to all classes to becalm...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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WHAT IS WRONG WITH ENGLAND ? [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sts,—Of course. England will come through. There is no more possibility of her not coming through. than there is...

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IS PROHIBITION A FAILURE ? [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sra,—May I suggest to your correspondent, Mr. F. Adkins, that there is really no analogy between the consumption of wine and beer and the use of cocaine and...

THE BOUNDARY PROBLEM [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.)

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SIR,—Will you kindly grant me space to make the following observations on your article on the above subject ? 1. It is scarcely correct to state that " by a procedure...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sra,—Your American correspondent, " A. P. S.," who writes in defence of Prohibition would have been more convincing if he had given the name of the town of 200,000 population...

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MINERS' OUTPUT

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In view - of the importance of output on costs, on trade and employment, and in view of such statements as those made by " A. S. B." in...

TILE MOSUL DEPORTATIONS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—May I congratulate you upon your reference to the situation in Mosul ? The attitude of a section of the Censer- c vative Press in...

THE BLACKSMITH'S STROKE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, I regret that the correspondence on the blacksmith's stroke has only just come to my notice, but it has interested me to find that such a...

WAGES AS A FIRST CHARGE [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sin,—It is often suggested, notably for the coal mines and agriculture, that wages should be the first charge on the product. Is this possible for any extensive...

MR. LLOYD GEORGE'S AGRICULTURAL POLICY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your leading article on September 26th on the above subject is most interesting as a sketch of Mr. Lloyd George's ideas on Agriculture...

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THE LOST RULES OF WAR

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] your issue of October 3rd, Prof. Gilbert Murray says that France, in the war in Morocco, " is really fighting for its life." Is it really...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR, May I be allowed to write a few words in defence of my old friend the domestic pianoforte ? From the point of view of the listener, the home pianoforte is no doubt being...

THE MORAVIANS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—In the year 1782 the Moravian Church started its work as the first Protestant Church to the heathen. It has always been a cardinal...

THE ALLEGED DECLINE OF THE PIANO

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—If it is correct that the popularity of the piano is declining it will be the greatest stimulus to the production and appreciation of...

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" ABIDE WITH ME " [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sm,—I am sure many people would be glad to have a correct copy of the Hymn " Abide with me." In a letter to The Times the other day, Mr. A. Hunt, of 2D, Oxford and...

THE CHURCH AND DIVORCE [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—May I point out that the letters of " A Liberal Church. man " and of Mr. G. F. C. Raban, criticizing my article on the above subject, practically support its contentions...

DOMESTIC SERVICE AND FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE [To to Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sie,—In your issue of the Spectator for September 19th there is a letter in which it is proposed to try to raise the status of domestic servants, as Florence...

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" WHERE HANNIBAL PASSED "

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—In the Spectator the reviewer of my book, Where Hannibal Passed, questions my assumption as to Hannibal's rate of marching. On this...

JOHN CLARE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Apropos of the interesting autobiography of the poet Clare in recent numbers of the Spectator, I looked up a half.. remembered passage...

JAZZ

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Will you allow me to protest most strongly against the now almost universal use of the 'epithet " jazz " to describe what is really...

OPEN - AIR SCHOOLS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In the Spectator of September 12th your correspondent " H. N. S." states that " the gross deformities of rickets so often met with in...

CHEAPER TAXIS [To the Editor of MC SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—Mr. John Soutar's letter strikes home with the question —What is the good of cheaper petrol if we are not to have cheaper taxis ? I agree with him that London taxi...

A VOLUNTARY FUND FOR OUR PRESENT DISTRESS [To the Editor

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of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—I have had a copy of Miss Malim's pamphlet and am in sympathy with her laudable object. In your issue of the 3rd inst. a suggestion is made for the...

MATTER AND CHANGE [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Will

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you kindly allow me to point out in your columns that the origin of the Theory of Matter and Change imputed to Bergson was really worked out about fifty years earlier by a man...

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. MATTHEW ARNOLD'S SIGNAL ELM '

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[To the Editor of the SpEcrAros..] aspect of the surrounding country has beep completely changed within living memory . . " Two well-knoWn elegise poems f Of Matthew Arnold-'...

• - A TAME ROOK

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR] Sin, — Can you find space in your paper for yet another bird story, which I think may be of interest to some of your readers ?- " In a storm,...

POLE TRAPS AND RATS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Pole traps, in addition to numerous other victims, kill brown owls, whose favourite food is young rats. Rats eat eggs, young birds and...

EXTRACT FROM LETTER

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THE HUMANE SLAUGHTER OF ANIMALS : Mr. Leonard Hill writes : " The Duchess of Hamilton (Spectator, August 1st) affirms that she personally timed with a stop-watch that evidence...

WILD LIFE 'AND THE COLLECTOR

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In his excellent article in the Spectator of the 19th September, " E. M. N." writes that the " disastrous slowness with which it is...

£100 PRIZE FOR. AN ESSAY ON - UNEMPLOYMENT AN American , reader

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of the Spectator, Mr.. -Gabriel Wells; his generously offered a prize of £100 for se- essay on "Unemployment : Its Cause and Remedy." The maximum length of an essay is 1,2(K)...

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A BOOK OF THE MOMENT

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A PATRON SAINT OF ORDINARY MEN AT the end of the eighteenth century, a group of men used to meet in some private room at the back of a coffee house and discuss rather more...

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Lord Kerry, who edited The Secret of the Coup D'Etal,

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which was published last year, has now collected together several groups of letters from the Rowood papers on The First Napoleon (Constable). Many of these are letters or notes...

THIS WEEK'S BOOKS .

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WE offer a cordial welcome to Mr. G. K. Chesterton's new book, The Everlasting Man (Hodder and Stoughton). It is at once a critique of the doctrine of Evolution, and a renewal...

Messrs. Chapman and Hall publish The English Song Book, edited

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by Harold Scott. It is a collection of eighteenth and nineteenth century popular songs, of the type that con- temporary butcher boys whistle and organ-grinders play. The words...

PRINCE KROPOTKIN

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Ethics, Origin and Development. By Prince Kropotkin.t - (Harrap. 12s. 6d.) PETER ALEXEIEVITCH, PRINCE KROPOTRIN, was exiled from his country only to become a prominent and...

Mr. St. Loc Strachey's first novel, The Madonna of the

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Barricades, is published by Cape. It is a romance of the days of the Carbonari, full of secret meetings in cellars, plots, assassinations and 'courtly love-making. Miss Rebecca...

Mr. Bertrand Russell has published The A B C of

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Relativity (Began Paul), a handbook which is as nearly devoid of mathematics and geometry as it can well be. • *

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. LITTLE TALES OF ITALY

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II Novellino. Translated from the Italian by Edward Storer. . (Routledge. 7s. 6d. net.) Ma. STonEs. tells us of these stories that they were probably collected by a " giullare "...

SHEPHERDS

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ONE of the most abidingly attractive of the late W. H. Hudson's books is his A Shepherd's Life. The simple stories in it seem to flower straight from the roots of the English...

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SEA POWER IN ANCIENT HISTORY

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sia Power in Ancient History. By Arthur MacCartney Shepard. (Heinemann. l5s.j . MR. SHEPARD would probably never have written this book had not Admiral Mahan set him the...

OBSERVA:TION. AND LIFE

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Pelmanism. (The Pelman Institute, 96 Pelman House, Blooms- bury Street, London, W.C. 1. 12 Lessons. £6 6s.) THE business of making a living in this competitive world is...

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SPORT AND BORDER WAR

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Havash ! Frontier Adventures in Kenya. By Brevet Major W. Lloyd-Jones. (Arrowsmith. 15s.) Hunting Memories of Many Lands. By Sir T. H. Grattan Esmonde. (Unwire. 7s. 6d.) Tins...

THE AUSTRIAN REVOLUTION

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The Austrian Revolution. By Dr. Otto Bauer, Foreign Secretary in the First Republican Government of Austria. Translated by H. J. Stenning. (Parsons. 1Cs. 6d. net.) A FULL...

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THE - MAGAZINES By far the most arresting article in an

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excellent number of the Nineteenth Century deals with " Modern Tendencies in Scotland.". Mr. Lewis Spence warns Englishmen that 'tit sharp sense of the neglect'of those...

CURRENT LITERATURE

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STATISTICAL METHODS FOR RESEARCH WORKERS. (R. A. Fisher. Oliver and Boyd. 15s.) IT is an inevitable, if regrettable, necessity of present-day specialization that the expert is...

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JOHN CARY, ENGRAVER, MAP, CHART AND PRINT- SELLER. A Bibliography

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by Sir Herbert George Fordham. (Cambridge University Press. 10s. 6d. net.) JOHN CARY, who was born in 1754 and died in 1835, was the most prominent map-maker of his time. He...

LITERATURE IN THE THEATRE. By W. A. Darlington. (Chapman and

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Hall. 12s. 6d. net.) MR. DARLINGTON'S honest mediocrity makes pleasant reading for theatre-goers. The author of Alf's Button helps nobody to enjoy a play or to understand what...

RECONSTRUCTION. By Maurice Fanshawe. (George Allen and Unwin. 5s.) WE

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have written so much lately about the League of Nations that we do not propose to do more than briefly call attention to Mr. Fanshawe's book. It is not less than a duty,...

FICTION

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CONRAD'S UNFINISHED NOVEL Oxi of the strangest figures in all English literature, Conrad, the foreign sailor who earned a European repute by writing romances in a tongue not...

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Face Cards. By Carolyn Wells. (Putnatits. 7s. 6d.) —A mystery

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in which crime and a family curse are interwoven. While the reader is prevented from divining the solution too easily, a proper number of clues are conscientiously given and the...

Snow Rubies. 'Ey." Caripat." (Blackwood. 7s. 6d. net.)— The elasticity

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of the English language, is considerable, but it is doubtful wheihei it can be said-to emerge. with credit from a whole novel written in 'slang. The author would doubtless say...

Oh, the Brave Music ! By Richard Blaker. (Hodder and

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Stoughton. 7s. 6d. net.)—This is a story of middle-class business life, and though occasionally it drags a little, it is on the whole extremely well told. The portrait of the...

Those Who Destroy. By M. D. Cole. (Duckworth. 7s. 6d.)

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An unusual story of unhappy love. The heroine, Lydia, falls deeply and sincerely in love with a talented young man who is as egotistic as he is sensitive and brilliant. She...

FINANCE-PUBLIC AND PRIVATE

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THE NEW BANK RATE BY ARTHUR W. KIDDY. THE factors operating upon the Stock Markets of late have with one important exception—which I deal with in a separate article—been...

RECREATIONS OF LONDON .

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LECTURES Oct. 13th, 5.30.—Tire BRUKAILLESCAN RevrveL, by Dr. Percy Dearmer, at Kings College, Strand. First of a course of ten on " Florentine Art in the Fif teenth Century,"...

A NEW COMPETITION

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THE EDITOR OFFERS TWO PRIZES OF £10 EACH, THE FIRST FOR AN INSCRIPTION FOR A SUNDIAL IN PROSE OR VERSE, THE SECOND FOR AN EPIGRAM ON WOMAN IN FOUR LINES OF VERSE. RULES FOR...

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THE NATIONAL ACCOUNTS NEED FOR ECONOMY In contrast to the

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favourable factors I have referred to must be placed the somewhat unsatisfactory character of the Nation's financial accounts for the first half of the current fiscal year. As...