11 JANUARY 1919

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It is a happy national characteristic that our soldiers did

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not begin to grumble so long as there was any fighting to be done, in spite of the long 'drain of fully four years of bitter and tedious war. On Saturday last, at Folkestone and...

In view of the great interest and importance of Sir

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Douglas Haig's despatch, we must reserve our comments till another occasion. Here we will only say that the Field-Marshal makes us realize how critical the situation remained...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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IR DOUGLAS HAIG'S despatch on the closing battles of 0. the war, which was published on Wednesday, is an historic document that we may transmit with pride to our descendants. It...

In the despatch the Commander-in-Chief points out that our forces

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were always numerically inferior to the enemy, who employed ninety-nine divisions in the three months against our fifty-nine. It would be impossible," as he Faye, "to device a...

The Prime Minister in a statement published on Thursday reminded

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the Army and the public that, "although the fighting has stopped, the war is not over," and that "the German armies have not yet been demobilized and are still very power- ful."...

The War Office demobilization &clime, published in the Mess on

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Wednesday, should help to soothe the disquiet and to allay the distrust and suspicion which so readily grow among men who are tired and inactive. No soldier will be released...

• ,,.• The Editor cannot accept reeponsibility for any artiche

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or tellers submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case of rejection.

THE PAPER SHORTAGE.

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TO OUR READERS—It in still necessary for readers to place a definite order for the "Spectator" with their Newsagent or at one of the Railway Bookstalls. Should any reader...

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The General Election was completed on Friday week by the

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return of a Coalition Liberal for Kennington. Mrs. Lucas, standing as a Unionist in place of her late husband, whose death had delayed the election, was second on the poll. The...

An article published In the Times of Friday week supplied

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ample and almost final and conclusive proof that Germany's cry "We are starving I" which followed the signing of the armistice, was the latest but not the last proof of a mean...

Count von Raffling, the Bavarian statesman who waa the German

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Imperial Chancellor from November, 1017, till Sept. ember last, died last Saturday at the age of seventy-rfire. He was chosen for a poet which none but a Prussian .had filled...

The Parliamentary Labour Party has re-elected Mr. Adamson as its

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Chairman, with Mr. Clynes as Vice-Chairman, and has decided, as the larger of the two anti-Coalition British Parties, to form the official Opposition, in place of the Asquithian...

Herr Liebkneoht on Monday renewed his attempt to expel the

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Berlin Socialist Government by force and establish sheer Anarchy in its place. As modern revolutionaries begin by seizing the telegraphs and newspaper offices, the news from...

It is now known that Germany lost 202 ' "boats

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during the war, besides fourteen which were destroyed by the enemy In Flanders and the Adriatic, and seven which were interned in neutral ports. The enemy has surrendered 122 U...

President Wilson arrived on January 3rd in Rome, where he

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was the guest of the Italian people. They welcomed him most heartily, and he 'had a very good Press," In the American phrase. He was received by the King and Queen and Ministers...

It would be stdoidal folly to imperil all the results

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achieved by our gallant men during the past four years by releasing the soldiers a few Weeks Or mmiths the soon. The soldiers them- selves, we are sure, recognize this. But many...

As the ejectors last month not only gave a'doolsIve vote

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of confidence to hir.;Lleyd Qemse bti ali■a regiitered their dislike of Pewit:Wimp and trnffieking with the eneniy, it is strange that Mr. Henderson aria hie uhiropular...

The Admiralty announced on Tuesday that it was " convinced

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of the necessity for considerable changes" in the pay and conditions of service for the officers and men of the Royal Navy. The publio has long been convinced, and will await...

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Major-General Sir F. H. Sykes, Chief of the Air Staff,

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presented at the London Chamber of Commerce on Tuesday a thorough and highly suggestive review of the prospects of Flying in Peace Time. Aviation, he said, was On the threshold...

The importance of the new Czecho-Slovak Republic to the Allies

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was clearly explained by Professor Maaaryk, the first President, in an interview reported in Thursday's Times. Bohemia and Moravia and the adjacent Slovak lands will form, in...

We are not among those who expect the Golden Ago

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to come soon by international consent, but the nations, as Lord Montages suggested last week in the Times, might well agree on a simple matter like the nele of the road on land....

The value of the work already done by Mr. H.

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A. L. Fisher for English education was handsomely acknowledged on Friday week, when the annual meeting of the Incorporated Associatioa of Head-Masters unanimously passed a...

General Sykes mentioned as an instance of German air enter.

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price that a Zeppelin had flown front Jaullioll in Bulgaria to German East Africa, carrying twelve tons of ammunition. She was informed by wireless that the force had...

One must suffer to be beautiful, and one must suffer

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in achieving anew height record in the air, just as Hansen and others suffered in attaining the Farthest North or South. When Captain Andrew Lang, R.A.F., and Lieutenant Blowea...

The Russian Bolsheviks am still waging an aggressive war on

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the non-Russian peoples, whose rights of Bell-determination they once admitted but now repudiate. As the German troops retire from Lithuania and Esthonia, the Bolsheviks...

Marshal von Mackensen, who after leaving Rumania with his troops

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was interned in Hungary, was arrested last week by the French military authorities. With the connivance of the Hungarians, he was planning his escape. Mete now in safe custody....

We are delighted to record the virtual completion of the

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scheme for adding to Wimbledon and Putney Commons the open field, and woods extending towards Richmond Park. The last forty- one acres have been purchased for £10,000 by a few...

Bank rate, fi per cent., changed from si percent. April IS,

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1917.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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IRELAND'S NEW BOGY. I T looks as if a strong attempt were going to be made . to bluff the Government into unwise and unjust action in regard to Ireland. The plan is quite...

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THEODORE ROOSEVELT.

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A MERICA has lost a great man, and Britain a true friend, in Mr. Roosevelt. His sudden death on Monday has afflicted many of us with a personal sense of bereavement, far deeper...

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SOME MILITARY RECOLLECTIONS OF A CIVILIAN.

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LORD HALDANE ON THE FUTURE OF MILITARY SERVICE IN BRITAIN. T MUST pass on to another example of the blindness and fatuity , of that Pre-War General Staff whose opinions Lord...

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THE BASIS OF BOLSHEVISM.

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EN spite of the opposition of the Labour Party, ami of that section of the Liberal Party which is so enamoured of peace that it can never understand that war may be a duty,...

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A SEA CHRISTMAS.

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T HE kiss was good, but we all agreed that they went the wrong way about it. Carol-singing in the abstract is an excellent form of celebration, but, like many other amateur...

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SIDONIO PARS.

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[COMMUNICATED.] HE infamous and dastardly crime whieh deprived Por- i tugal of her chief citizen on December 14th was a greater blow to the country than to the President...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] --- LIBERAL-CONSERVATISM IN...

THE GENERAL ELECTION.—THE A . LTERNATIVE VOTE OR P.R.

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[To PRE EDITOR OP TEE SPECTATOR '') Sus,—The broad facts of the General Election have convinced many that our method of electing Parliament is urgently in need of reform. But...

POETICAL FIRST AIDS.

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I HAVE been reading a very stimulating and beautiful book which can be offered with both hands to all fathers and mothers whose children are encouraged in being what is called...

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THE GENERAL ELECTION AND AFTER.

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LTo ens Emma or TICE "Srcurrroa."1 fire,—The General Election has passed, but its influence will endure. Daring recent years there has been a growing die- position to regard...

PARTY FUNDS.

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[To THE EDTION OP THE " HEEL-MOE...1 S1E,—By the defeat of Mr. Asquith and his followers at the poll, an interesting question arises. What is to be done with the Party funds, of...

THE UNITED STATES AND THE BRITISH NAVY. [To THE EDITOS

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or THE "Se:crams.") Sin—When certain newspapers are giving seneational promi- nences to the alleged possibility of serious Meranoes between the United States and Great Britain...

LORD HALDANE AND THE TERRITORIALS.

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(To ins Eerroe or THE "tlecoreeroz.") Soo,—I have no intention of taking part in another controversy on the merits or demerits of the Territorial Force and its organization, but...

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BLIND-ALLEY OCCUPATIONS.

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(To THE Horton or TRE " SPECTATOR.") SI12,—T110 good results which have been obtained in Munich by means of the educational system introduced by Dr. Kerschen- steiner prove, I...

To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR")

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Fia,—Wills reference to correspondence and your own articles on the subject of Lord Haldane's apologia, it has always scented Is me strange that neither Lord Haldane nor any...

ITo can EDITOR OP THE SPECTATOR.") Fm,--I here read with

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much surprise the letter which appeared in last week's Spectator from Colonel Reid regarding the Territorials. The Territorial Force was not used merely to fill up Kitchener's...

iTo THE EDITCEI OF IRE SPECTATOR.")

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Sm.—May I, as a Territorial officer of ROHM years' standing, reply to the letter of Colonel Reid in which he criticises your articles on Lord Haldane and the Territorials titter...

BRITANNIA IN ITALY.

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ITO THE EDITOR OP THE SPECTATOR.") SIR,—The reproduction of Flaxman'a model of a colossal statue of Britannia which you published some time ago brought to my mind on allegorkal...

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"POLITICAL DISHONESTY."

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[To THE EDITOR Or Ton " SPECTATOR.") Stn,—Your revised charge is now that the Progressive Party on the L.C.C. were guilty of "political dishonesty " in 1914 because they...

THE POLICING OF ASIA.

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ITO THE EDITOR OP Tan " SPECTATOR "1 SIR, — Plta56 note that while some of the highest authorities of the British political world are advocating the consignment of...

THE WONDERFUL WEALTH OF THE OCEAN. [To THE EDITOR OF

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TRE " SpEcriTon. - 1 Sus,—Yohr correspondent from Vancouver has done us all a service by writing his letter dated October llth. Canada, unlike this country, is served by an...

BRITISH COLUMBIA.

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[To mu EDITOR OF TUE " SPECTATOR."' SIC, — IT is RI range that Mr. Frewen when cataloguing agreeably the assets of "B.C." does not include one asset probably five times more...

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THE CENTRAL CHURCH FUND.

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iTo vax Eorrea or THE " Smruras."1 Sre„ — I write to protest against the suggestion in the letter of "A Former Principal, " that there is only one Theological College in which...

IT° THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."1 13m, — Our Urban District

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Council is taking steps to promote • scheme for a War Memorial for this place. It is not easy to hit on a scheme which shall be, first and foremost, a fitting memorial to our...

TB ILL-TREATMENT OF ANIMALS; A SUGGESTION. (To ran Rome 07

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IRS " Sesernoa."1 &L. — The Spectator is traditionally a lover of animals, and I have wondered often that I have never seen in it, columns any protest directed against their...

ROYAL VISITS TO THE ABBEY AT CHRISTMAS. ITo THE Enrioa

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or um "SPECTS701."1 one who sat opposite our Sovereigns at the Morning Service in the Abbey on Christmas Day, it was interesting to recall the first Royal visitor to the Abbey...

WAR MEMORIALS.

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[To THE EDITOR ON THE " SPEOTATOR."1 Sta.—Would it be advisable to hang bronze-metal laurel wreaths in every church or place of worship, on eaoh leaf the name of a fallen...

WINCHESTER COLLEGE MEMORIAL (To THE EDITOR or THE " .STECIETOR."3

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Sia, — The general body of Old Wykehamiste ehould be grateful to you for the publication of the letters on this subject which have appeared in your columns. If the writer of the...

A VETERAN MINISTER.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."3 Sts, — On Christmae Day I had a long and interesting ohat with the minister emeritus of the pariah of Coulter, near Biggar, Scotland, the...

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(To THE EDITOR OP TH3 " SPECT AT OR."

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Sze, — Can you very kindly tell me where I can find the lines- " How doth death speak of our beloved" P There are several verses, the first I think— "How doth death speak of...

AUTHORS WANTED.

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[To THE Emma or 7HE BrEarcrolL"1 San,—I have seen from time to time that the readers of the Spectator have been able to supply missing authority for litera- ture of different...

" ENGLAND'S DEAD."

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in THE EDTTOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sia,—With reference to the letter in your issue of last week, some of your readers may remember that a poem under the title of "England's...

THE "SPECTATOR."

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[Tel THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."1 SIR,—I trust that et the emi of this past year, being the end of nearly four and a half years' war, you may not think it Intrusive of me to...

CAMOUFLAGE.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE SPECTATOR..9 852„—Although I can lay no claim to being an etymologist, these words occurred to me on readues the letter headed "Camouflage" in the lust...

CHRISTIAN SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTION. [To THE EDITOR or THE " SPELTITOR."]

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Sin,—The Interdenominational Conference of Social .Serviee Unions, including representatives of ten of the most important religious bodies in the country, have, as the result of...

POETRY.

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IN A WARD. 0 HIND that tosses free The children's hair; Scatters the bloesom of Apple and pear; Blow in my heart, touch me, Gladden me here. You have seen so many things,—...

NOTICE.—When " Oorreepondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initiate, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the...

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ECONOMIC STATESMANSHIP.*

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Etus 13.inKER's new book directs attention to the economic problems facing Europe and America when peace returns. Ho leaves on one side the political and sentimental...

BOOKS.

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SIR GEORGE HENSCHEL'S REMINISCENCES.* Musician have been harshly described as only less egotistic than actors, but the hierarchy of art furnishes many bright exceptions, and Sir...

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DIPLOMACY IN CONSTANTINOPLE.*

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THE opening months of the war now drawing to its close were as full of dramatic incident and sinister meaning as any in all the long history of Constantinople, and this work of...

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RECONOGRAPELY.*

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Tick Pelman Institute has issued for publication a very interest- ing little book entitled Reconography, a new word for a new thing, or an old thing reanimated. Reeonography is...

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THE POOR PLAYER.* To the critic, especially to the French

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critic, acting is a science; to the actor it is always an art—the art ; 11.11d to Captain Agate it has the inexplicable charm of an inspiration. "To me," he says in the present...

ON SOCIETY.*

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IT is not possible for any one conscious of the debt he owes to Mr. Harrison for help and stimulation in literature to review this book quite as he would review a similar book...

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FICTION.

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THE SHILLING SOLDIERS.• A JUDICIOUS critic has recently illustrated by examples the danger of the use of superlatives, but, disregarding his Caution, we have no hesitation in...

L' Irlande Enticatte? Par It. C. Escouflairc. (Patio: rapt. 4

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fr. 50 e.),--This very able and well-informed little book on the Irish question by an impartial Frenehman is a sign of the times. French writers on Ireland have too often takal...

SOME BOOKS OF THE M/MIL

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[Notice in this column dote not necessarily pm:We subregurril ream) In the Geographkal Journal for Janusry Dr. Rinks shows that the German Army, despite its boasted scientific...

Explaining the Britisher,. By P. W. Wile. (W. Heinemann. Is.

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6d. net.)—This little hook, written by an American for Americans, tells briefly and accurately "the story of the British Empire)n mighty effort in Liberty's cause." It is a...

Tht Millennium ? By Sir Ian Hamilton. (E. Arnold. lees!.

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net.) — In this spirited pamphlet Sir Ian Hamilton dismisses sceptically the propoeal for a League of Nations and the dream of a perpetual peace from now onward. He urges that...

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Nationaliam and Catholicism. By Lord Hugh Coon. (Mac- millan. le.

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net.)—In this able but provocative essay Lord Hugh Cecil disousses the rival views of war as an unmitigated curse and as a necessary evil out of which mush good may come. "Those...

Submarine and Anti-Submarine. By Sir Henry Newbolt. (Longmana. 7e. 6d.

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net.)—This is a profoundly Interesting book on the submarine war. Sir Henry Newbolt has had access to the Admiralty's records, and describes for the first time many remarkable...

Tits Submarine in War and Peace, By Simon Lake. (Phila-

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delphia : Lippincott. $3.)—The well-known American sub- marine-builder recalls in this readable book his early experiences in perfecting his invention and persuading naval...

WORICS or Externem:YE. —Debrete a Peerage, Baronetage, Knight- age, and

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Companionage for .1919, edited by A. G. M. Heailrige (Dean, 63e, net), is now a massive volume of over three thousand pages, but it stands all the tests for accuracy which we...

The Truth about the Jameson Raid. By J. Hays Hammond

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as related to Alleyne Ireland. (Boston: Marshall Jones. 61.) —To recall the story of the Jameson Raid is not exactly intendant renorare dolorem—to revive an unspeakable sorrow—...

The Peace-President. By William Archer. (Hutchinsou. 2s. net.) —This is

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a very attractive and sympathetic sketch of President Wilson's career. Mr. Archer describes his literary work, and gives sums highly interesting quotations from his minor essays...

Essays and Addresses in War Time. By Lord Bryoe. (Mac-

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millan. 6s. net)—Of the eight chapters in this thoughtful book, three were written early in tile war to explain our position to the neutrals, three were delivered as addresses...

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Messrs. Edward Stanford have published an instruotive and well-executed Ranalogical

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Map illustrating Hdlenienn in the Balkan Peninsula and Asia Minor, with an explanatory pamph- let by Professor Soteriadis, of the University of Athena. The map is based not on...