11 JANUARY 1930

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It will be remembered that last August several Commit. `tees

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were appointed to deal with deliveries in kind, the International Bank, the liquidation of the past, and the non-German reparations. It is the reports of these Committees which...

M. Jaspar is the Chairman of the second, as he

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was of the first, session of the Conference. His suggestion was accepted that the work of the Conference should be shared by two Committees, one dealing with German reparations...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES : 99 Gower . Street, W.C. 1.—A

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Subscription to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty Shillings per ,annym, including postage, to any part Of the world. The SPECTATOR is registered as a Newspaper. The Postage on this...

When all allowances have been made for these conditions there

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is no cause for alarm about the final result. The reports that Mr:: Snowden has been relentless and truculent are misrepresentations or exaggerations designed to advance...

It is unnecessary to say much about the recent Con-

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vention on reparation payments between Germany and the United States, as it seems rather to help than to jeopardize the Young Plan, in spite of the fact that it involves an...

News of the Week

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'The Hague Conference T HE second session of the Hague Conference on Reparations, which began on Friday, January 3rd, ought to dispose of the bulk of disputed questions without...

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General Smuts on the British Empire General Smuts made a

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momentous speech at Ottawa on Monday, which should help to clarify the loose thinking about the British Commonwealth that has followed upon the declaration of " equality of...

General Smuts's message is that, equality of status being granted,

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there is still the practical task of devising a proper system of unity and co-operation. Popular opinion in Canada, and throughOOt the Dominions, will acclaim 'his emphatic...

The British National Committee of the International Chamber of Commerce

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has, however, been stampeded into passing a resolution against the whole idea (a) because " it would definitely limit the possibility of exercising British influence for the...

As a matter of fact the Treaty of Versailles does

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not employ the word " sanctions " in connexion with a German default. The French plead Article 480 of the Treaty, which provides for a reoccupation of the Rhine- land if the...

A procedure has already been -worked out for dealing with

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a German default under the Young Plan. It includes the Hague Court and the Special Advisory Committee. The Committee, summoned and informed by the International Bank, would...

The League and the Habit of Conference This redefinition of

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the Empire comes happily at a time when its relative, the League of Nations, is cele- brating its tenth birthday (January 10th). What the Times appropriately called "Peace by...

Trade and Tariffs The Council of the League of Nations

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will hold its first meeting of the year next Monday. No subject on the Agenda arouses more interest than the British proposal for a Conference to establish what is loosely...

Mr. A. J. Cook made the point that, for the

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first time 'in history, Government, owners, and workers in Great Britain had agreed that hours of work in the industry were an international question. He added that the first...

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India The sequels to the lamentable Nationalist Congress at Lahore

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are not unpromising, for it seems that there will be a general readiness outside the Congress to take part in the Round Table Conference. It is something to be thankful for that...

Lord • Beaverbrook having been patted on the back, proceeded

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to pat Lord Rothermere on the back and declared that it was Lord Rothermere who carried the Conservative Party to triumph in 1924. Lord Beaver- brook went very far beyond what...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from 51 per cent.

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on December 12th, 1929. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 1001 ; on Tuesday week, 100t r ; a year ago, 102; ; Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 881 ; on Tuesday...

Lord Rothermere and Lord Beaverbrook Last Saturday Lord Rothermere gave

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a dinner to his editorial staffs and made use of the occasion to prophesy woe for Great Britain unless she adopted Protection. He has written several articles and letters on...

* * * * Syon Park It is an alarming

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announcement that a Committee of the Middlesex County Council wants to turn Syon Park, on the opposite side of the Thames to Kew Gardens, into a sewage farm. The Duke of...

The Prince of Wales On Friday, January 8rd, the Prince

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of Wales sailed for South Africa to renew the holiday which was broken off by the King's grave illness last year. He will first stay at Cape Town as the guest of Lord Athlone,...

The Soviet and Propaganda There has been some agitation about

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a silly message which the Comintern sent to a new Communist daily paper in London. It is complained that although the Government warned the Soviet that it would be held...

* * * The Royal Wedding The wedding of the

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King of Italy's heir to Princess Marie Jose, the daughter of the King of the Belgians, which took place in Rome on Wednesday, • was ex- tremely popular in both countries. The...

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The Abolition of Battleships

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111HE Prime Minister's highly successful visit to the United States was important, not so much because it resulted in a proirisional solution of the cruiser problem, which had...

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Facing Trade Realities

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[To meet possible criticism may we echo the disclaimer of the Committee of Education for Salesmanship that " our conclusions are not affected by the fact, on- which we would lay...

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An Agricultur

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al . Programme T HERE is a great prize going begging—nothing less than the renown of having restored prosperity to British agriculture. There is no reason why the present...

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In Defence of the Faith

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VIII.—Personal Immortality [Dr. Albert Peel is the Editor of the Congregational Quarterly.— En. Spectator.) J HAVE just returned from an afternoon's sick visitation. Most of...

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Indian Legislators—II.

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[In the days of Lord Curzon Mr. Arnold Ward spent a year and a half travelling in India as a newspaper correspondent. He sat in the House of Commons from 1910 to 1918 as...

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The Popularity of Science

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I T is very encouraging to notice the increasing popularity of science in this country. No one can doubt the fact, indeed, who looks back in actual memory for a couple of...

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The " Revue des Deux Mondes "

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T HE Revue des Deux blondes contains in its number of January 1st the speeches made in the Sorbonne to commemorate its recent centenary. The mere list of " orateurs " shows that...

The Changing Bull-Fight

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A CORRESPONDENT remarked recently in the Man- chester Guardian that this age would be remembered in history mainly for its' humanitarian impulsion. This bold statement finds...

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Art

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[ITALIAN PAINTING AND RENAISSANCE CULTURE.] Tim first appeal of the marvellous collection of pictures at Burlington House must, of necessity, be the purely aesthetic one : the...

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The Cinema

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[ 4° ATLANTIC " AT TILE ALHAMBRA.] Mucn more has been attempted and much more has been achieved in Atlantic, British International Pictures Limited, than in any British talkie...

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The Glance Backward

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The dying beauty and the proud ascension ! Hark ! Hark ! What human story changes In the far air of spirit, gathers cloudwise And drops in rain of sound, sound purposeful,...

Correspondence

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A LETTER FROM TURKEY. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—The words, " The Progress of Turkey," though they look very well as a newspaper heading, are far from convincing to...

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THE PROFITS OF BROADCASTING.

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Radio broadcasting in the United States which began nine years ago and is, of course, conducted on a commercial basis, has not proved a profitable business hitherto. That it...

* * * * THE Caow.

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The crow, regarded with intense dislike by most American farmers and sportsmen as a destroyer of both crops and gsme birds, at last finds a champion, and that in high govern-...

American Notes of the Week

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(By Cable) THE DISARMAMENT CONFERENCE. The optimism which the Hoover-MacDonald meetings have engendered on the subject ofDisarmament was sustained by the United States...

COLLEGE ATHLETICS.

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The abuses to which the Carnegie Foundation Report on American College Athletics called attention have now been brought into the sphere of practical action as a result of the...

THE MINISTER TO CHINA.

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The departure this week of Mr. Nelson Johnson to take up his duties as the new American Minister to China should mean the beginning of a new chapter in American-Chinese...

GENERAL Siuurs' VISIT.

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The presence here of General Smuts and his participation in the numerous celebrations of the tenth anniversary of the League of Nations have given a distinct impetus to...

* * * * A " SAFETY Scnoor.."

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Minneapolis has introduced a new method, which may he adopted by other American cities, for dealing with the reckless motorist. Certain offenders brought before the local...

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Country Life

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ENGLAND VERSUS NEW ZEALAND. An account reachei me from New Zealand (to which Lord Bledisloe, our chief agricultural spokesman, emigrates as Governor-General) of a young settler...

To discover what is the cause and what the cure

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of such a condition would appear to be one of the most stringent of national obligations. Perhaps Lord Bledisloe will explain the contrast when he has had sufficient experience...

PREMATLTRE SPRING.

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Premature signs of spring have been very many among animals as among plants ; and one of them is to be commended to the attention of sportsmen. Partridges were pairing on...

A tAJCIC YEAS.

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Last week I put a query about the astonishing excess of cock-birds among pheasants this season. It is curious that my own experience seems to square exactly with the writer of a...

This question of the value of land is not, of

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course, identical with the success of farming, though the two are inseparably bound together. What is most curious in England is the apparent contempt for houses. I know of two...

Some years ago a county paper offered to publish without

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charge any advertisement for land to be sold below a certain price. The exact figure I forget. I believe that if such an offer were made to-day the paper would be overwhelmed...

When all is said in favour of the climate and

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soil of New Zealand, and its smaller burden of taxes, I cannot believe that this degree of superiority is inherently justified. Consider the case—to quote another instance—of...

The extreme number of cocks is the more curious among

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pheasants as the bird, unlike that most faithful of birds, the partridge, is polygamous. How has it come about that every year cocks are in excess of nature's requirements ; and...

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Letters to the Editor

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VERSE IN _THE THEATRE [To the Editor of the SmgcraToR.1 had postponed answering Mr. Bottomley's letter, which appeared in your issue of December 7th, in the hope that there...

"A NEW OUTLOOK ON INDIA"

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] &FL—Your two excellent articles of December 28th and January 4th give authoritative expression to views of the Indian situation which are...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your rather contemptuous dismissal

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of Mr. F. R, Bagley's letter on the Indian Problem, in your issue of Decem- ber 28th, induces me to ask for space in the Spectator for a few remarks. Possibly Mr. Bagley's...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—Your number of December 28th exhibits in vivid contrast the view of India traditional in the older generation of Englishmen who have served in India set forth in Mr. F. R....

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LORD D'ABERNON'S TEMPERANCE POLICY [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIII,—Lord Astor is rash. I wonder that it did not occur to him that it was highly improbable that the articles setting forth Lord D'Abernon's views on the drink problem would...

" WOES OF THE CAGED " [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—Your contributor, Major Yeats-Brown, is singularly un- happy in some of his illustrations. He, like most other writers on this subject, continually appears...

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NON-GERMAN REPARATIONS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—The attention of the world is concentrated upon the Reparations Conference at The Hague. Is it too much to hope that the outcome of it will...

TRADE REALITIES

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[To the Editor of the SrEcreTon.] Sm, — Your article on the above subject (Spectator, Dec. 218 ), has broached a phase of the vital trade question which it is essential should...

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AMERICA AND EUROPE [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—At a moment when some discussion of reprisals against the American menace is going on in Europe, the following extract from a letter recently received from the United...

THE CATHEDRALS MEASURE [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—Bishop Welldon has done good service by calling attention to the danger of our centralization in Church government. The Enabling Act came into operation just when, owing to...

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—For several months

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of the year, in our compound in Nigeria, we have the inspiring sight of some half-dozen scarlet flamboyant trees spreading wide their stately branches, and transmuting the...

THE PASTEUR TREATMENT [Translation of a letter from Dr. Roux,

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of January 6th, 1930.] r" [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—It seems to me perfectly useless to carry on a contro- versy concerning the preventive treatment against hydro-...

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POINTS FROM LETTERS

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CHURNS. It is a pity that the new Traffic Bill does not deal drastically with one of the worst evils of modern life—Noise. Everything possible should be done to silence road...

A Hundred Years Ago

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THE " SPECTATOR," JANUARY 9TH, 1830. PRESIDENT JACKSON'S MESSAGE TO THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. " With Great Britain, alike distinguished in peace and war, we may look...

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* * * * A period of about a century

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and a half covered Portuguese activities in. Abyssinia, and there is no doubt that their intervention during the critical years of the sixteenth century saved Abyssinia from...

Some Books of the Week

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IN spite of Billion, who taught us to look for an author's personality in the mirror of his style, we cannot believe that Herr Philip Scheidemann, the first Social Democrat...

Burckhardt's well-known book on The Civilization of the Renaissance in

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Italy, which appeared in the German original sixty years ago and in Mr. S. G. C. Middlemore's English version in 1892, has been given a new lease of life in a handsome and very...

The Competition

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IN his Country Life article of November 30th, SIR W. BEACH Moults suggested that " what we want is really some little rhyme that will be the motto of the tidiers." We,...

Of the many books recently issued on Edinburgh Miss Flora

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Grierson's Haunting Edinburgh (Lane, 20s.) holds a very high —perhaps even the highest—place. While she, dwells long and lovingly on the various romantic memories of Scotland's...

Then I saw the Congo, by Grace Flandrau (Harrap, 12s.

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6d.), is not nearly such a bad book as its title and flamboyant dust-cover suggest. It is well written and disarmingly candid : an inquiring mind, and her sense of humour, saved...

Two distinguished architects, Mr. Maxwell Ayrton and Mr. Arnold Sikock,

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have produced a most valuable and stimulating book on Wrought Iron and Its Decorative Use (Country Life, 42s.). Their historical account contains much new matter—even correcting...

The amateur collector will like the cheery enthusiasm that Mrs.

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Ella Shannon Bowles displays in About Antiques (Lippincott, 15s.), and the expert will learn something from her with regard to early American glass and furniture, especi- ally...

* * * (" More Books of the Week" and

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"General Knowledge Compe. :Won" will be found on page 66.)

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Seventeenth Century Card-Sharpers Games and Gamesters of the Restoration :

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The Compleat Gamester. By Charles Cotton, 1674.—Lives of the Gamesters. By Theophilus Lucas, Esq., 1714. Introduction by C. H. Hartmann. (Routledge. 10s. 6d.) THERE seems to...

A Woman with a Poniard

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Further Poems of Emily Dickinson. (Seeker. 10s. 6d.) Tins woman was a noble spirit, the Heloise of modern litera- ture. With courage, wisdom and humility, she applied herself...

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Mr. Hearst and American Prohibition

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Temperance or Prohibition ? By Francis J. Tietsort. (From 220 South Street, New York. 11.00). Ma. HEARST controls newspapers in the United States reaching 10,000,000 readers....

Essays Grave and Gay

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MR. NOYES, as readers of his recent novel will know, can be gay in prose as well as in verse ; and there is a good deal of chuckling humour, and much peppery satire, in his new...

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THE INDEX TO VOLUME 143 OF THE " SPECTATOR "

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.WILL BE READY FOR DELIVERY ON JANUARY 20TH, 1930. Readers resident outside the British Isles, and Libraries Overseas, are asked to inform the SPECTATOR Office in advance as to...

Maritain on Art

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The Philosophy of Art : being " Art et Scholastique." By Jacques Maritain, translated by the Rev. J. O'Connor, with an CONSIDERING his great reputation in France, the work of...

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An Undesirable Controversy

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Robert Edwin Peary : a Record of his Explorations, 1886-1909. Ma. GORDON HAYES has equipped himself for the task of criticizing polar explorers, and in such leisure as his West...

Two Modes of History

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Two very remarkable volumes, issued almost simultaneously by the University Presses of Cambridge and Oxford, illustrate two diverse conceptions of the way in which history...

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Reunion

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The Reunion of Christendom. By various writers, edited by Sir James Marchant, K.B.E. (Cassell. 7s. 6d.) Now that the theme of Reunion is so much in the air, it was a happy...

Fiction

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Sects, Conscience and Romance AT the moment the mainspring of the greater part of American comedy is, what the Americans themselves would call a " nationwide " sensitiveness in...

A Victim of Circumstances

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Charlotte Bronte. By Rosamond Langbridge. (Heinemann. 8s. 6d.) As it is called on the title-page " a psychological study," Charlotte BrontO's newest critic treats the great...

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The Magazines

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THE most outstanding contribution to the magazines for January is " An Educational Survey," consisting of four articles, in The .Nineteenth Century. The articles are " The Need...

THE KERRELS OF HILL END. By Charles Landstone. (Murray. 75.

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6d.)—Here we have a novel which is important not for the sake of its plot but because of• the numerous clear character studies contained in it. The Kerrels are a Jewish family...

WINDLESTRAWS. By Phyllis Bottome. (Collins. 7s. 6d.) —In her new

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book, Miss Bottome tells of the very remarkable experiences of a girl, Jean Arbuthnot, who goes as secretary to a beautiful woman, living in a large country house. She had been...

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General Knowledge Questions

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Oua weekly prize of one guinea for the best thirteen Questions submitted is awarded this week to Mr. W. F. Broadbent, Halefield, Wendover, Bucks, for the following :- Questions...

There is any amount of useful work to be done

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on this subject of migration movements, and students of public affairs could not employ their time and talents better than in tracing the intimate connexion between population...

We fice - ve received the fourth volume of the Annals of

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the Kings Royal,Rijle COly". by Major-General Sir Steuart Hare (Murray, 25s-.), covering the period from the Zulu War of 1819 to-the Great War. The book , is more than a history...

Of the many volumes concerned with Royalty which have been

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lately published, two of the latest and best are Mr. F. A. Mackenzie's King George V. in his own Words (Berm. 12s. 6d.) and Sir George Aston's H.R.H. the Duke of Connaught...

▪ * * *

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In the name of all students of English history we must warmly congratulate Mr. Vicary Gibbs, Mr. H. A. Doubleday and Lord Howard de Walden on the appearance of the seventh...

Mr. H. W. Fowler knows his limitations, and writes about

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them with a graceful exaggeration which leaves the reader no alternative to admiration. The essays in If Wishes were Horses (George Allen and Unwin, 6s.), first published anony-...

" The most fascinating feature of hunting game is tracking."

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Thus Mr. Denis D. Lyell in The Hunting and Spoor of Central African Game. Hunting, not killing, is Mr. Lyell's sport, and he has many wise words to say on hunting ethics, and on...

More Books of the Week

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(Continued from page 59.) Those of us who recognize that demographic facts are of greater importance than democratic theory in the politics of the world to-day must_ with...

A vivid account of the damage done by the Chinese

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armies to the railways may be found in Mr. H. Stringer's China : A New Aspect (Witherby, 12s. 6d.). The author has served on the railways in China, and he laments the fate that...

A Library List

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REFERENCE BOOKS :-Cook's Traveller's Handbook to Belgium,. By Roy Elston. (Simpkin Marshall. 5s.)-The Every- day Games Book. By V. C. Alexander. (Evans Bros. 2s. 6d.)--The...

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Report of the "Better World " Competition

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" IF there were dreams to sell, what would you buy ? ": we asked our readers for a recipe for a Better World, and we have for the most part received their tabulated dreams. It...

Travel

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Winter. Sport in Switzerland (We publish on this page articles They are written by correspondents of the Travel articles published in and notes which may help our readers in...

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Finance—Public and Private

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The Railway Outlook IN my article last week dealing with the Stock Market outlook for 1930 I expressed the opinion that prospects favoured easier monetary conditions in the...

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B.A.T. EARNINGS.

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At the recent meeting of the shareholders of the British American Tobacco Company, the Chairman, Sir Hugo Cun- liffe Owen, made some very interesting and illuminating state-...

Financial Notes -

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MARKETS CHEERFUL. THE year has opened in fairly cheerful fashion on the Stock Eichange, the cue being given, as mentioned elsewhere, by gilt-edged securities and also to some...

BANKING AND DISCOUNT RESULTS.

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Up to the*present the profits disclosed by banking and dis- count houses 'have coincided with general expectations. Barclays Bank announces the maintenance of the previous...

LIFE ASSURANCE IN 1929.

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Once again the leading Insurance companies show a further great increase in business for the past year. Space prevents my commenting upon the returns in detail, but it may be...

INDIA.

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Not a few holders of India stocks are very natfiially displaying anxiety concerning both the news from that country and the fall which has taken place in India stocks. Nor is...