upon Chang near the Nankow Pass, about thirty miles north-west of Peking, it failed and Chang, in a counter-attack, captured many thousands of prisoners and a great deal of...

deal in the report that Yen did not cease to be neutral of his own accord, as even during the fighting he has seemed to be as intent on peace as upon war. When Chiang Kai-shek...

suppressed chiefly by means of a series of executions, to which there are not many parallels even in the bloodstained records of Mexico. The revolt was raised as a protest...

T HE stagnation of the Chinese civil war has been - stirred into movement. Last week we recorded a reverse suffered by Chang Tso-lin, the Manchurian War Lord and ruler of...

London, W.C. 2.—A Subscription to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The SPECTATOR is registered as a Newspaper. The...

Dublin on Tuesday. Mr. Cosgrave was elected President of the Executive Council by a majority of six votes. He is thus in a stronger position than he was in the last Dail but is,...

Labour Government of Mr. Lang was decisively defeated. A few months ago the Labour Party was so disunited that Mr. Lang seemed to have little chance of success, but he cleverly...

Sunday, the -Bishop of London spoke about the teaching of history in American schools, and said : " I have been assured by young men with whom I have conversed that they have...

permissible for a Government to take its orders from bodies outside Parliament. 'Mr. Lang and his colleagues were notoriously mere delegates of Labour bodies. So vital did Mr....

the Government have based on the Blanesburgh Report, we expresed the strong hope that the Government, though unable to adopt all the financial recommendations of the Report at...

through hiS newspapers has been persistently attacking the Government : (1) Is Lord Rothermere a supporter of the Unionist Party, with me as leader ? (2) Is Lord Rothermere a...

South Africa is brighter than it has been for a long time. Mr. Tielman Roos has said that he is willing to reconsider the whole question. True, he spoke " for himself," but as...

successive year addressed a mass meeting of the Unionist delegates. He said that he had gone to Canada with the one abject of exploding once and for all the insidious legend...

business for several weeks. Perhaps the ordinary par- liamentary business if it absorbs Mr. De Valera's attention will deflect .him from his purpose of later raising Constitu-...

two men. The chief leaders of the revolt against this scheme were Generals Serrano and Gomez. Serrano was soon seized and executed, and last Sunday the forces of Gomez...

the Jewish community has on the whole received with great goodwill the article in the Spectator which appealed for more humane methods in the slaughter of animals in accord-...

late Sir Henry Wilson had written to Mr. Lloyd George, one in 1919 and the other in 1922. They are warm-hearted letters, telling Mr. Lloyd George of the writer's admiration for...

is, of course, vastly greater than it was, and everyone must admit that the comparatively small space of Aldershot is inadequate—the Army must overflow some- where. But those...

St. Andrews University the princely sum of £100,000. This munificence is remarkable enough in itself, but it is made more remarkable by the stipulation that most of the money is...

that Sir Henry Wilson's pen turned too easily from invective to panegyric. The incident is a lesson in the correct manner of reading diaries. Diaries must be read in the context...

on April 21st, 1927. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 102* ; on Wednesday week 102i ; a year ago 101#. Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 1352x.d. ; on Wednesday...

NT °THING better happened at the Unionist Con- ference at Cardiff than the beating off of the gloomy critics who wanted to prevent the Government from giving more votes to...

/110-DAY we look with horror on an age which accepted the child chimney sweep, ay.d employed children for long hours in factories and mines ; yet in point of time that period is...

L A question de la Macedoine, said a gloomy French politician, c'est une macedoine de questions. It is, indeed. Those who look on from a distance at the fresh trouble in...

[In view of the general interest aroused by this subject we are publishing three further articles, of which this from an eminent Buddhist priest and ascetic is the first. The...

S HALL we ever travel, as thought travels, without a passport, in a world untroubled by the fears and stresses of the past ? I believe we shall, but the day seems distant, for...

[Miss Spooner is one of the latest and youngest of our air pilots. She only took her certificate at the end of August ; hardly a month later she started on the long journey...

villager, sea- booted and bearded like a mariner out of the romantic books, is working to and fro with a rake, clearing out the mud and weeds to make all shipshape for next...

[OPERA AT THE ALBERT HALL] IT went without saying that most of the criticism of the Chaliapine performances at the Albert Hall last Tuesday would be directed against obvious...

SOME PICTURES] IT is an evil' chance that makes one view on a foggy day pic- tures whose main concern is to convey effects of light : and Mr. Anthony Gross's exhibition at the...

A LETTER FROM ROME. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The feature of the Italian year has been the sensational recovery of the lira. A rise from 140 to the pound to the...

SIX] JUST because August Strindberg is a Scandinavian, one feels inclined to compare him with Ibsen. If one does, both these plays leave one with an uncomfortable sense of...

[" PAUL I." AT THE COURT] THE title frightened me—it sounded so eminently instructive. The names of the author and producer terrified me still more —they were so...

At the outset all the omens seemed to be against any effec- tive progress. The meetings of the League's Preparatory Commission for the Disarmament Conference, held earlier in...

That went far towards solving the security problem, at any rate for the moment, leaving the questions of arbitration and disarmament to be tackled afresh. On the first point the...

The interrelation of the three " pillars of the house," as M. Herriot called them in 1924, was disputed by no one. Sir Austen Chamberlain himself at the Assembly of 1925 had...

On all those points the Assembly has now taken its decision; and its programme for the year immediately ahead deserves to be studied in its fullness. Omitting certain details of...

It was something of a triumph for the constructive spirit of the League that out of these apparent contradictions com- plete and genuine unity should have been forged, on the...

That was due largely to the difference in outlook and attitude between Great Britain and the Continental Powers, most of whom were still demanding security before all things....

New Steps Towards Disarmament THE central feature of the League of Nations Assembly last Month was the series of discussions on the perennial question Of arbitration, security,...

A DISH of round oranges standing in the shadow, Glowing with the glamour of a far Seville Where the slow peasants in a Spanish noontide Pluck them from their branches as the...

Some may feel that autumn is a melancholy time. The garden consists largely of dead stalks, dirty leaves litter the lawns, only weeds luxuriantly flourish. Autumn has this...

Incidentally, last week I suggested that many of the derelict lands might be afforested with deciduous trees, especially ash and sycamore. A few days after that was written I...

a .Canadian poplar that grows at a speed which is the despair Cs - en of the annual hawkWeed. It is doubtless a more solid pleasure to watch your trees growing rapidly into...

Estrin?* FAILMS. SINCE I wrote on the subject last week a number' of the smaller local papers have published news about the difficulty of letting farms. In one district where...

have com- pletely hidden—at any rate from the poets—the delicious advantages of an English autumn. Our grain crops bear more heavily than those, say, of Northern Canada solely...

out of life except the Japanese larches. They survived because they grew fast enough in the first year to raise their heads above the inferior tangle. Some foresters object to...

A very notable little pamphlet has just been written on red clover by those two careful botanists, Mr. Martin Sutton and Mr. Columbus Jones. It is interesting for some details...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,--r am grateful to you for your article, "An Appeal to British Jews," in which the Weinberg Casting Pen is corn< mented on. It is about...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—As the time is approaching when the Prayer Book measure will be submitted to Parliament, it may be well to consider the probable...

'MAN AND THE SUPERNATURAL" [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR] SIR,—Mr. Middleton Murry's deeply interesting article, " The Mystic Monist and the Religious Dualist," raises issues...

you allow me to endorse most heartily the views expressed in the admirable letter from Mr. H. W. Whiston, published in the Spectator of the 8th instant ? Sir Leo Chiozza...

SIR,—The birth control question has been wrapped in such a fog of loose thinking and misunderstanding that few people understand what it really means. It is seldom realized that...

interest the letters by Mr. Norman Thwaites and Commander C. D. Burney in your pages of October 1st. Mr. Thwaites does not deal with any practical point, except by stating in...

[To tlw Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —May I, as a member of the Labour Party who is anxious that in their main principles the great questions concerning the support of the...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—In your very interesting article on the Blanesburgh Bill there is one point where I cannot quite follow you. You say When unemployment...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—In order to do something to help the poor we made an appeal to the people of Worthing and we raised the sum of nearly £2,500. We have...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I have read with much sympathy Mr. Birendranath Gupta's letter in your issue of October 1st. I served over thirty-six years in India, of...

. [To the Editor of the ,SPECTATOR.]. Sni,—Is your correspondent on country matters right in speaking of a "white blue-bell" ? Surely the flower is a bell, and if blue, a blue...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SI11,—Will you kindly permit me through your columns to inquire, who would like to have my copy of the Spectator after I have finished with it...

The Grasshopper Pan, Pan, the wind is still, The grass is poised on the sullen hill, There is no life and earth is dun, For see, I have maimed your little one. Pan, Pan, ah...

[To . the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—As a regular Socialist reader of your paper I feel com- pelled to protest against, your comments on Mr. Lees-Smith's letter to the ....

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Is it not lamentable that a Scotsman does not wear, in .a town, that most comfortable kit, .the kilt ? I feel sure that greater changes...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] , SIR, —One hears so much of the wickedness of modern tourists that it is a pleasure to be able to record the passing of many, each Sunday...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, I was delighted to read the Rev. H. A. Hall's letter in reply to the attack of Mr. Peter Blundell on Switzerland. I agree with every word...

a curious combination of what the author, as an American, would call mighty pretty fooling, of a deep and a genuine love for poetry, a fine feeling for human achieve- ment, and...

is lively narrative and some freshness of view, but in Miss Chown's Wayfaring in Africa (Cranton, 10s. 6d., illustrated), which narrates a woinan's wanderings from the Cape to...

THERE is really not much to say about Mr. Sedgwick's new life of Cortes the Conqueror (Lane, illustrated, 16s.), save to 'register the fact of its appearance and to remark that...

of all the Departments. Even Cabinets are said to tremble before it. The late Lord Salisbury, when Prime Minister, likened the Treasury's power over other departments to that Of...

Casson in Thirteen Tips on Luck (Efficiency Magazine, 5s.) are : (1) to study averages and percentages instead of following the crowd, (2) to find out things for oneself, (3) to...

John Ross, the last Lord Chancellor of Ireland, well maintains the credit of his profession in his new volume of reminiscences called Pilgrim Scrip (Herbert Jenkins. 18s.). He...

stories contributed during the last year to English and American periodicals in Georgian Stories, 1927 (Chapman and Hall. 7s. 6d.). The writers selected include Stacy Aumonier;...

not be described as well-trodden paths, but the meticulous- ness with which they are examined by Dr. John T. Faris in Old Trails and Roads in Penn's Land (Lippincott, 25s.,...

THE prize of one guinea for the best thirteen General Knowledge questions is awarded this week to Dr. Dewar for the paper which follows. Many of our readers have written asking...

Speeches by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, 1912-1916. (Hodder and Stoughton. 218.) THE Prince of Wales is the most popular young man in the world, and there should be a world-wide...

This econd volume of the Life of King Edward suffers from the loss of a particularly firm biographical hand. Before he died Sir Sidney Lee had virtually finished five of the...

Great Captains Unveiled. By Captain Liddell Hart. (Black. wood. 12s. 6d.) Tam new volume of Captain. Hart's, who bears the reputation of being one of the foremost military...

Brother Scots. By Donald Carswell. (Constable. 12s.) THIS is unquestionably the most brilliant series of bit). graphical essays that has appeared since Mr. Lytton Strachey's...

Reminiscences of a Naval Surgeon. By Surgeon Rear - Com- mander T. T. Jeans, C.M.G. (Sampson Low. 18s.) THERE is nothing thrilling or remarkable about these two books. But...

From Grim to Gay 7s. 6d.) Jack A'Manory. By G. B. Stem. (Chapman and Hall. 7s. 6d.) Tax characters in these five novels belong to strangely different terraces in the world of...

A History of the British Army. By the Hon. J. W. Fortescue. Vol. XII. 1839-1852. With a Volume of Maps and Plans. (Macmillan. 40s.) THAT able and resolute historian of the...

6d.)—" Petting parties," hard drinking, • and the reactions which follow sudden accessions to fortune are dealt with in this novel of modern' NOW- York. English readers who...

a study of an international marriage, an American heiress wedding the eldest son of an ancient and of course impoverished family, still of consequence in ranee. The usual...

Wang the Ninth ", figures once more in this admirable novel of life in Pekin, and the announcement of a forthcoming third of the series leads the reader to hope for one more...

make history," was her husband's shrewd conception of Jane Carroll—a very beautiful and eminent London hostess. It was at a dinner party in her house in St. James's Square that...

7s. 6d.)—A broad American humour, which delights to satirize, not altogether unkindly, the pretensions and the foibles of the half-educated, is the main characteristic of Mr....

and Windus. 6s.)—This is a pretty piece of enchant- inent—and much more. It is a tale of two shy and delicate lovers and a very odd fairy, taken by William, who was an...

(Longmans. 12s. 6d.)-Horsham borough returned two burgesses to the Parliament of 1295 and continued to have separate representation-with only one member 'after 1832-till it was...

THE BREATH OF THE DESERT : AN ACCOUNT OF A JOURNEY THROUGH ALGERIA AND TUNISIA. By Edward Ossendowski. English Text by L. S. Palen. (Allen and Unwin. 16s4-Professor...

Service. 21s.)-We can warmly commend Mr. Donne's new book on the Maori. No one living knows them better, for Mr. Donne as a New Zealand official has had much to do with the...

and Stoughton, 8s. 6d.), is a compilation of articles which have appeared in various magazines. In the first and more specifically theological part of the book, chapter iii. is...

(Blackwood. 68s.)-Mr. Bates's substantial quarto is not, as the title might suggest, a dissertation on tombs such as Old Mortality might have enjoyed, but a learned contri-...

LITERARY :-Lectures on Dead Authors and other Essays. By E. H. Laoon Watson. (Bean. 7s. 6d.)-English Books, 1475-1900. By Charles J. Sawyer and F. J, Harvey Darton. 2 Vols....

1. Julius Caesar, in his dispatch after routing Pharnaces Ponticus. —2. Pope Gregory VII. (Hildebrand) on his death-bed in Salerno. —3. Macbeth, when urged by Lady Macbeth to...

LECTURES. Monday, October 17th, at 5.15 p.m.—FOOD POISONING. By Dr. W. G. Savage. In the Hastings Hall of the British Medical Association, Tavistock Square. Wednesday, October...

In making a comparison between the year immediately preceding 1914 and , the position td-day, the actual years of the War must, of course, be passed over, though it is...

Health, labour, and insurance outlays have risen from £19,000,000 to £36,000,000, though so far_ as labour is concerned it may be doubted whether the outlays haYe done much to...

It is not that those who urge the imperative necessity for economy in the national expenditure are unmindful (Continued on page 635.) (Continued from page 624.) of the welfare...

The Growth in Expendifure—Ii IN considering the growth in the national expenditure there are two standpoints from which the position might be examined. Comparison might be made...

With figures such as these, the public may well refuse to be satisfied with vague assurances from the Chancellor of the Exchequer that outlays for social services cannot be...

We are now approaching the period when the estimates of expenditure for the next year's Budget are in course of preparation, while- it may be well to remember also that the...

It is, however, when we come to note the nature of the advance compared with the War period that the figures become even more striking and suggestive. In view of the colossal...

Not the least striking aspect of the present total of the national expenditure, however, is the manner in which it has expanded even within recent years. In the financial year...

And, if only these great expenditures for Labour Ministries, doles, and social services generally were productive of greater effort and output on the part of the community, of...

MOTOR SHOW SECTION No. 5,181.] WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, OCTOBER 15, 1927. GRATIS.

for the modern tendency is all for reduction of weight both in the chassis and in coachwork. Also the solid tyre on the commercial vehicle is being replaced by giant pneumatics....

At Olympia one is apt to be dazed by the numbers of cars shown, and it simplifies matters considerably if the buyer has a ready list of the attributes he wishes. If the list is...

of bright parts should be avoided, and what there are should be untarnishable. So much for the body. Many people now take the efficiency and excellence of the modern chassis for...

of some ears, . . but these reductions are not large, nor are theme to be found in the majority of makes-. On the other hand, vehicles remaining at the same prices are better...

up to £3,000. The weather that has pre- vailed for so long now will have caused many who were wavering to turn unhesitatingly to the saloon, which will not only keep them dry...

I have to pay for a really sound closed family car which has a good performance and is economical to maintain ? " My answer is £500, because there is a large selection of roomy...

the services of a chauffeur, partly because of economy, but also because, owing to fabric-covered bodies and cellulose paint, untarnishable metal fittings, easy lubrication and...

can and do produce with a reasonable margin of profit to themselves excellent cars and bodies to meet all requirements at what seem to me to be rock bottom prices, taking the...

as possible, this often curtailing the size of the windows owing to the high waist-line. To overcome the consequent lack of ventilation, single pane wind screens which slide in...

Since last year's show there have been great strides made both in the construction and finish of coachwork. Very attractive and striking two-colour schemes have been achieved,...

and properly adjusted four-wheel brakes, there are four factors which help to prevent skidding : a low frame level, a good system of suspension, careful distribution of weight,...

demand for 1928 to be for light six-Cylinder models, and -there must be at least a roundzdozen which are making their debut at Olympia. There are also a few straight-eights...

light multi-cylinder engines, still it has to be done. Gears should be marked, and should be simple to operate. There are plenty of makes in which gear-changing is simplicity...

which to put the jack. This is a very inexpensive matter and saves hunting about under the axle and springs for sonic suitable and reachable spot against which to place the...

to the 3 and 6 litre models which are now so well known. This new member of the family recently won a 24 hours' endurance test in France. Anyone who has driven a Willy-s-Knight...

14/45 h.p. model with -the chassis costing £325. There is a new light six Darracq with overhead valves as well as a 20 h.p. six and a four cylinder. The Lambda Lancia stand will...

20, 25, 30, and 35 the chassis prices ranging from £425 to £950. It is worthy of note that three of these are six-cylinder engines and the remaining two of eight cylinders. The...

Tyre trouble is really a thing of the past in almost all cases where the correct size of tyre for the weight of the car has been fitted. Better construction with more lasting...

three six- cylinder sleeve-valve models exhibited by the Minerva Com- pany. Of these the 12/18 and the 32 h.p. chassis are new, and both are very up-to-date, and the small model...

the coupe ; values at which it will compete with any light six in the market. Mr. Morris's new Wolseley " straight- eight " will be another feature of the show. Another newcomer...

the Fiat range of models for 1928. There are already the 9, 12, 15/20, 20/30, and 40 h.p. models as well, so thit all requirements have been adequately catered for.... There is...

[Mr.. Neal is tho Advertising. Director of Messrs. Doubledsy Page and Co., Garden City, N.Y.—ED . Spectator.] Two favouring conditions work in the interest of the British...

99 Fetter Lane, E.G. 4, and Published by TILE SPECTATOR, LTD., at their Offices, No. 13 York Strwt, Covent Carden, London. W.C. 2.—Saturday. October 15, 1927,

. THE FIRMNESS OF MARKETS. THE investment sections of the Stock Exchange have again been firm ' in tone, monetary fears being lessened by the quite remarkable strength of the...

-A summary of _Mr— Eric Miller's important review of the =II: of the rubber industry, at the annual meeting of ns & Crosfield on Tuesday, is given on another page. A. W. K.

The chief feature - of the accounts of the Anglo-South American Bank this year is the decision of the directors to deal with the valuation of the capital employed in South...

ANNUITIES. !LIFE annuities are in many ways the converse of life assuranee. In the latter we usually pay part of our Annual income in Order to secure a capital sum_ at some...

Ten years is aloilg'period to be oeOupied in the rebuilding of bank premises, but from the reply given to a question asked by Mr. E. M. Rodocanachi at last week's half-yearly...