17 SEPTEMBER 1910

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General Botha has made two speeches during the week on

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South African defence. He said that it was the duty of every able-bodied man to take part in the defence of his country. The time had not yet arrived for a South African .Navy,...

The election results in the United States do not throw

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much light on a complicated political situation. The Republicans have been defeated in Maine, where a Democratic Governor has been elected, and two Democrats have been elected...

The King of the Rellenes opened the Greek National Assembly

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on Wednesday, when he made a wise speech, which we are glad to learn was well received. M. Venezelo, who has more influence than any other Greek politician at the moment,...

It was a happy thought to send Lord Rosebery at

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the head of a special Mission to announce to the Emperor Francis Joseph the accession of King George V. The exceptional cordiality with which the Mission has been received is...

The Times of Monday contains an interesting summary, drawn from

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the reports in the Indian papers, of the revela- - tions made by the witnesses at the opening' stages of the _ — . conspiracy trial at Dacca. In his opening speech Mr. Roy, the...

The dispute between Turkey and France as to the con-

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ditions on which a Turkish loan will be admitted to quotation on the French Bourse continues to be very interesting. It is evident that the Turkish Government desires to shake...

. * it * The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in

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any case.

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE South South African elections were held on Thursday. There was much excitement throughout all the provinces, but no disorder. The chief fact, so far as the results are...

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The industrial unrest continues to be acute. By the ballot

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of the Boilermakers' Society, declared yesterday week, the executive were denied the power to grant the assurances demanded by the employers. At the same time, they were...

The scheme of the Hong-kong University, to which we referred

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in June last year, is now well on its way towards realisation. The munificence of private donors—Chinese, English, and Parsi—and Chinese officials has secured the establishment...

Turning to the new reforms, the writer welcomes the enlargement

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of the Councils as affording increased oppor- tunities of personal contact between Anglo-Indian officials and the better class of Indian politicians, and thus promoting a better...

The Trade-Union Congress opened at Sheffield on Monday, the delegates

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numbering 501, representing 210 societies with a membership of nearly two millions. Mr. Haslam, M.P., after declining to support a protest made by two delegates against the...

On Thursday the resolution demanding that immediate steps should be

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taken to secure the reversal of the Osborne judgment by a Government Bill was submitted to the Con- gress, and after a somewhat stormy debate was carried by a card vote of...

While the cotton dispute hinges on the interpretation of an

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agreement, the railway dispute has arisen out of the inter- pretation of an award under the Government conciliation scheme. Lord •Macdonnell, who was appointed arbitrator last...

The writer of the series of articles on "Indian Unrest"

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contributes a masterly vindication of the Indian Civil Service to Wednesday's issue of the Times. The vast machinery of executive and judicial administration in India employs...

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Mr. W.V. Osborne, the secretary of the Trade-Union Political Freedom

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League, whose name has become well known through the Osborne judgment, has an excellent letter in the Times of Thursday. At the Trade-Union Congress Mr. Haslam said that "every...

In answer to Mr. Haslam's assertion that no Trade-Union has

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embarked on political representation without taking a ballot of its members, and generally getting an overwhelming majority in favour of that course, Mr. Osborne says :—" The...

At Tynemouth on Saturday last a Court-Martial concluded the trial

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of Lieutenant Allan Sutor, R.A., on the charge of having been guilty of " conduct contrary to good order and discipline " in publishing a pamphlet entitled " The Army System :...

Bank Rate, 3 per cent., changed from 31 per cent.

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June 9th - Consols (2i) were on Friday sot—Friday week 80k.

In fulfilment of an offer made a few days earlier,

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the Chancellor of the Exchequer met a number of experts at the Treasury on Wednesday to discuss the Land-tax Form IV. Those present included representatives of the Surveyors'...

The Speaker of the House of Commons made a delightfully

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characteristic speech at an Agricultural Show in C umberland on Thursday. He observed that, having a Land-tax form to fill up, "he looked through the Finance Act the other day...

Mr. Redmond and Mr. O'Brien both addressed meetings in County

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Limerick last Sunday. Speaking at a largely attended demonstration in Limerick, Mr. Redmond said that so far as the Nationalists of Ireland were concerned Devolution was as dead...

A fresh record in oversea flight was set up last

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Sunday morning by Mr. Loraine, who flew in his Farman biplane from Holyhead to within a hundred yards of the Bailey Lighthouse at Howth, a distance of more than fifty miles....

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE UNIONIST PARTY AND PAYMENT OF MEMBERS. T HE consequences of the Osborne judgment multiply. The most important of the recent developments, so far as the immediate future of...

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THE TRADE-UNION CONGRESS.

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M ORE than usual interest has been attached by the public to this year's meeting of the Trade-Union Congress, partly on account of the numerous labour disturbances occurring all...

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MR. LLOYD GEORGE'S CONFERENCE.

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IV E are far from joining in the attempt to make party capital out of Mr. Lloyd George's act in sum- moning a Conference to discuss the difficulties of answer- ing the questions...

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PITTS X. AND HIS MINISTER.

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MHE best friends of the Roman Church had hopes that 1 the Encyclical Pascendi Gregis was the high-water mark of the anti-Modernist policy of the present Pope. It was possible,...

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THE SEARCH FOR HAPPINESS. ri OLIDAYS may be a search for

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health, but they are chiefly a search for happiness. Among those who spend, say, a month of the year in travel or sport or with their families at the seaside, there must be...

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DRESS.

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I N the matter of dress variety is to the civilised woman what finery is to the savage. The more civilised women become, the more variety they must have. Things have come to...

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CASTING OF THE BELL.

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O UR village makes itself felt. Pick up the Upper Mudcombe, Thistleden, and Ugley Herald at any time and you will see a reference to it. The second largest goose- berry and the...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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PAYMENT OF MEMBERS. [To THE EDITOR or TIM "SPECTATOR. " ] Srn,—As a rule it is futile to quote newspapers against them- selves. Changes of opinion may be, and often are, the...

CROMWELL AND IRELAND, PAST AND PRESENT.

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[To TEE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIB., — Mr. Stephen Gwynn in the Spectator of September 10th seems annoyed because I charged the United Irish League with intolerance at...

[To THE EDITOR or TER "SPECTATOR."] 6111, — A. recent movement in

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favour of the measure which John Stuart Mill described as "a blister applied to all the peccant parts of human nature" leads me to offer to your consideration and that of your...

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SOME FOREIGN IMPRESSIONS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR"] Srs,—Only yesterday (September 9th) I received the Spectator of September 3rd, in which there appears a pessimistic letter entitled " Some...

KIEL TO CO NS TA NTrNOPLE.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] Six,—About a month ago you were good enough to print in the columns of the Spectator some observations which, together with particulars...

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MR. KEIR HARDIE AND THE "MADRAS TIMES."

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPROTATOR:] Six,—The Spectator is one of the few English papers which I see regularly, and in spite of the strong line that it takes on current social,...

THE TARIFF REFORM CHALLENGE.

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(To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. " ] Szn,—The "reply " of the secretary of the Free-Trade Union to the challenge of the Tariff Reform League is, as might have been expected, a...

THE INDIAN POLICE.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] Sin,—In your issue of August 20th Mr. J. W. Pennington points out that the Indian Police is not a homogeneous body, but that each province...

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TARIFF REFORM AND SOO - Fa - LIM

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[TO THE EDITOR OP TILE "SPECTATOR.") Sin,—Mr. Clark's letter in your issue of September 3rd on Tariff Reform and Socialism is more ingenious than con- vincing. If " Free-trade...

THE EMS TELEGRAM.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—" G. S.'s " remarks in the Spectator of September 3rd make me bold enough to ask you to add one more to the many letters which have...

SOME LETTERS TO PIUS X.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Your review of " Letters to his Holiness Pope Pins X., by a Modernist," in your issue of August 13th, is mainly of interest to an...

"CRABBING" THE TERRITORIALS.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") Sin,—Under the above heading " D. H. S." in your issue of the 3rd inst. says with regard to the National Service League proposals that, as a...

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MOUNTAINEERING IN THE DOLOMITES.

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[To THE EDITOR 0? THE " SPECTATOR...1 SIR, — In your September 10th issue there is a notice of Mr. S. H. Harner's book on " The Dolomites." Your reviewer says : "There is not a...

MISS CATHERINE MARSH.

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[To THE EDITOR OE THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR, —I have read with great interest and pleasure the letter of " An Onlooker" in last week's Spectator. The writer's eulogy of Miss Marsh...

MRS. SHERWOOD.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] Sru,—Referring to the article in the Spectator of July 30th on Mrs. Sherwood, the criticism on her religious opinions is scarcely a just...

OUR ENGLISH SKY.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR. " ] SIR, — In connexion with your article on " Our English Sky" in the issue of September 3rd, and the examples of Yorkshire words referring...

SIR OLIVER LODGE'S SIMILE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR, — You refer justly with admiration to the simile which was "hit upon" by Sir Oliver Lodge in his Sheffield address, and which, to use...

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rTO THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR."1

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SIR, —Your recent article entitled "Employment for Cats" has roused a good deal of discussion and some indignation in the socially lower, if occasionally geographically higher,...

CATS.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. " ] Sin,—Your correspondent of September 3rd is quite right as to cats being a great protection against snakes. At my house near Jerusalem...

GOLDWIN SMITH'S " REMINISCENCES."

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR. " ] SIR, —I thank you for inserting (in your issue of August 20th) my little letter asking for information about some interesting people...

POETRY.

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"IRELAND'S EYE." A DEBAR, waste, island rock, by tempests worn, Gnawed by the seas and naked to the sky, It bears the name it hath for ages borne Of "Ireland's Eye." It looks...

ART.

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WILLIAM HOLMAN HUNT. Mawr reflections flitted through the mind on Monday as the ashes of William Holman Hunt were lowered out of the sunshine into sepulchre at St. Paul's...

NOTICE.—When Articles or "Correspondence" are signal with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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BOOKS.

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HOMER.* IT is difficult, as we are told by the wisest and most persuasive of all masters in literature, to annex triumphantly from the common stock ; to make a well-worn theme...

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IRISH CONSPIRACIES.*

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THE reminiscences in this book do not cover so spacious a subject as the title suggests. When Mr. Bussy says "con- spiracy," he does not mean " rebellion " ; there is nothing...

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THE NEGRO IN THE NEW WORLD.*

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SIR HARRY JOHNSTON has devised a new type of travel book, which might be termed the encyclopaedic. His Uganda Protectorate, his Liberia, his George Grenfell and the Congo, are...

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THE RECOLLECTIONS OF ISABELLA. FYVIE MAYO.*

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PrnoNo sense, humour, and sympathy are among the characteristics of Mrs. Mayo's interesting volume of Recol- lections. This is not saying that every reader will agree with all...

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DR. WICKHAM ON THE EPISTLE TO THE HEBREWS.* IN this

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volume, one of the series of " Westminster Com- mentaries," we have Dr. Wickham's latest work. He was known as one of the chief of English scholars, and it is easy to see in...

FISHING AND HUNTING.*

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WE must recommend to those who care for angling literature Norwegian and other Fish-Tales. It is amusing without being instructive. The author dates his preface from the...

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MRS. GASKELL.*

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Mas. GASKBLVB wish was that no biography of her should be written, and she did what was in a way effectual for the fulfil- ment of this wish,—she laid a strict injunction on the...

NOVELS.

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A SPIRIT OR MIRTIT.t Tars is a very cheerful, wholesome, and amusing story dealing largely with modern Bohemia, but neither over- emphasising its seamy side nor extenuating its...

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The Little Company of Ruth. By Annie E. Holdsworth. (Methuen

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and Co. 6s.)—Ruth Dimsdale is a gardener's daughter to whom an old lady, moved partly by associations with her name, partly by real appreciation of her qualities, bequeaths her...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heading we notice such Books of the meek as hays not boon reserved for retrisw in other forms.] The Development of Christianity. By Otto Pfleiderer, D.D. Translated...

ScsooL - Boons.--English Composition. By William Murison, M.A. (Cambridge University Press. 3s.

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6d. net.)—This is a very complete manual which should be found useful in a high degree. The accurate use and choice of words, the right employ- ment of metaphors and figures of...

Autumn Impressions of the Gironde. By I. Giberne Sievekinp (Digby,

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Long, and Co. 3s. 6d. net.)—We read of not a few inter.- esting things in this book, a book written, it is easy to see, with a certain enthusiasm. We hear of women working in...

READABLE NOVELS.—Freda. By Katharine Tynan. (Cassell and Co. 6s.)—The story

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of a child who, disposed of by her English relatives, is most cruelly brought up in France. She is, however, rescued in time, and finally restored to her proper placo in the...

The Creed of Athanasius the Great. By T. N. Papaconstantinos,

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D.D. Translated by Henry C. J. Lingham. (Melville and Mullen, Melbourne. 2s. net.)—This pamphlet does not treat of the Quicunque Veit, nor, indeed, of any particular document....

Wild Flowers of the British Isles. Illustrated and Written by

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H. Isabel Adams. Vol. II. (W. Heinemann. 30s. net.)—In this handsome volume Miss Adams carries on her great work. We would gladly give it a more extended and illustrative notice...

The Spiritual Sense in Sacred Legend. By Edward J. Brailaford.

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(Robert Caney. 3s. 6d.)—We may quote from Mr. Brailsford's introduction a passage which explains his purpose :—" Other races besides the Hebrew have received their...

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Messrs. J. and J. Paton publish for the thirteenth time

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their annual volume, Paton's List of Schools and Tutors (2s.) It consists of official information, and of statements drawn out by school- masters themselves of the advantages...

NEW EnrrioNs.—The second volume of the " Church Monthly Library"

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(Frederick Sherlock, ls. net) is The Pilgrim's Progress, by John Bunyan. It is a very serviceable edition. First we have a reproduction of the earliest illustration, bearing...