into force on Wednesday means primarily that Great Britain recognises formally the Italian conquest of Abyssinia. That has long been inevitable, even though the conquest is far...

A S a counterpoise to other emotions we can at least take satisfaction genuine and profound in the identity of the reactions the Nazi savagery has produced in our own country...

Germany appears to have ceased, and Herr Buerckel, the Nazi Commissioner for Austria, has declared with characteristic pungency on behalf of Field-Marshal Goering that anyone...

France to stability, have now been published. They contain nothing unexpected, and by some are thought not drastic enough for the situation. They have been well received by the...

are described by Professor Arnold Toynbee in this week's Spectator ; by his death last week Europe lost one of the few constructive statesmen who have emerged in the post- War...

at length taking its final form, and the boundary commission is being urged by Germany to complete its work. The Czechs have suffered yet another serious loss of population in...

London on the problem of Palestine has had a better reception among the Arabs than seemed probable. No doubt this is due partly to Arab satisfaction at the abandonment of...

cordial welcome when he arrived in London on Tuesday. His reputation as a statesman has grown consistently in recent years. His visit will certainly provide a valuable oppor-...

doubt as to the discontent of the farming com- munity. Several speakers called attention to the catastrophic fall in cattle and sheep prices, and there appears to be a growing...

the Labour amendment, regretting the absence from the Gracious Speech of any reference to the serious problem of unem- ployment, and emphasising the need for an equitable...

the re-emergence of Mr. Eden. None of the other ex-Ministers on the Government side commands anything like the same volume of public support. His constant refusal to indulge in...

encouraging signs of recovery from the " recession " of this year. Total exports, at £48,005,979, were higher than in any previous month, though still L4,9o8,600 lower than in...

on Tuesday on the Labour Amendment to the Address concentrated on the position of agriculture ; it was remarkable for the criticism directed at the Government's agricultural...

no time since the summer of 1931 has the immediate political outlook been so uncertain. The volume of discontent among sup- porters of the Government is greater than it has ever...

Greater London was notable among other things for the state of muddle it revealed. The need is urgent, we have large resources of labour among the unemployed and yet six months...

is on so vast a scale, is marked by an inhumanity so diabolical and bears , marks of *official inspiration so unmistakable that its consequences internal and external are as yet...

T HOUGH the second word of the motto carved over the gates of Dartmoor Prison does not, in this context, mean " subjects," any more than the first means (as sometimes rendered...

T HERE is one fact connected with the Jewish pogroms in Germany which has attracted little notice—as is often the case with omissions as opposed to actions. The first attacks on...

By J. A. SPENDER [This is the sixth and last of a series of articles on British Foreign Policy as it must be shaped in the situation created by the Munich Agreement] . T HE...

By ERNEST BARKER [The general subject of Dr. Barker's fourth article is the virtue of contemplation] I F I were asked to define the idea of political duty to which I have come,...

By S. C. LESLIE [This is the last of a series of four articles discussing the factors which make British public opinion what it is] T HERE is a dangerous degree of political...

By CANON ROGER LLOYD This is partly due to ordinary human imaginative laziness. The nationalist war-cry is so much easier to comprehend and to respond to, that very naturally...

By MICHAEL SPENDER IF there was a war here in England our guns might fail to shoot straight. Certainly they would shoot straighter in northern France. This has nothing to do...

By R. T. J. FILGATE Their wild character is in harmony with their surround- ings, which are as inhospitable as can be imagined. The accepted idea of the Sahara is of a vast...

By LESLIE HALWARD I CAN'T help it. Every time I see a fat man getting in or out of a Daimler or Rolls-Royce I become furious. The fatter the man and the bigger the car, the...

Commonwealth and Foreign By DR. GERHARD SCHACHER THE presence of King Carol of Rumania in London this week will no doubt be made the occasion of important political...

THE POST-WAR GREAT By GORONWY REES T HERE Is a certain audacity in trying to draw up a list of great men, especially in so short and so recent a period as '192o-4938 : and the...

By A. L. KENNEDY IF it is possible to be a great man without having a great individuality, Hitler is certainly a great man. He has not the sort of personality that hits you as...

By WICKHAM STEED T HAVE known many statesmen, of whom some were I great, Bismarck, Joseph Chamberlain, Crispi, Clemenceau and Pilsudski among them. Above them all I have long...

By . ARNOLD TOYNBEE The lucidity of Atatiirk's mind revealed itself above all in his rare ability to define and limit his aims ; and it is perhaps this quality that chiefly...

By SIR FREDERICK WHYTE B Y all odds the most popular figure in the United States is the President. And even if the recent mid-term elections have shaken the truism that "...

By E. H. CARR IN the early 1920's it was a favourite hobby of connoisseurs in historical parallels to speculate who would be the Napoleon of the Russian revolution. The...

By PETER FLEMING F ROM time to time foreigners (usually newspaper corre- spondents) tie a label on to something in China—a man or a place or a movement—and the label...

By RICHARD FREUND N O Moghul Emperor ever had more power in India than Mr. M. K. Gandhi. He holds no rank or post, but his quiet voice plays on the heart-strings of a people...

By PROFESSOR E. N. da C. ANDRADE IF Albert Einstein had never written a line on relativity he would still be counted one of the great theoretical physicists of our generation....

By L. A. G. STRONG A CHIEVEMENT in art alone need not make a man great : many great artists have been less than great men. Though he has been all his life. a poet, and has made...

Now from the hollow bridge Dactylic thunder reports The metrical roar of the last Outgoing midnight train : But the night is public yet, Lorries rumble past, And the girls at...

SPIRITS of air and darkness, raven and dove, Move in the tangled forest and the fallen house ; Spirits of air and darkness, rook and pigeon, Rest in the hollow tree and broken...

THE THEATRE BEING one of those many people who consider Mr. Auden and Mr. Isherwood to be respectively the best of the younger writers in verse and in prose, I am always...

With Wings." At the Carlton This latest French film is a routine melodrama of naval life in the Mediterranean. It enables us better than more unusual films to judge the quality...

Harlequin at Sadler's Wells HARLEQUIN, the eternal mischief-maker—the name is easily said. Put it on the programme and half the producer's work is done for him by the rich...

[D'un correspondent parisien] " Et que par la chanson, le livre et l'ecritoire 11 s'en aille a jamais de memoirs en memoire, Et de bourgade en ville, Le nom de messire Neville...

St. Martin's Weapon-Still-Stand On Armistice day, which is the first day of St. Martin's summer, the thrushes sang divinely ; and it is at such times that one would maintain...

Sta,—Experience in Palestine has shown the dangers of stating a complex problem in over-simplified terms. There can be no two opinions about the Headmaster of Leighton Park's...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR [Correspondents are requested to keep their letters as brief as is reasonably possible. Signed letters are given a preference over those bearing a...

must take exception to Mr. J. Baker White's statement that I conclude " no information can possibly be accurate unless it is pro-Bolshevik." Undiluted eulogy of Soviet affairs...

SPECTATOR] Sm,—I observe that the Home Office, apparently not quite exhausted by their much-criticised activities in connexion with A.R.P., are bringing forward proposals in the...

stands out clearly from the discussion !n your columns about the .Soviet_Army between Mr. Vowle , and Mr. Baker White (Director of " The Economic League "- formerly known as "...

Sta,—I have no intention of butting into the controversy between Mr. Baker White and Mr. Vowles on the above subject. In any case Mr. Vowles will certainly find no difficulty in...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR, — In connexion with your article in your issue of Novem- ber 4th, entitled " The Churches and the Crisis," may I put some points regarding...

a cure for foot-and-mouth disease. It has been tested and proved Adequate. The disease, besides general loss and inconvenience, has cost the taxpayer hundreds of thousands of...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR,—The present is the time to take stock and plan for the future. We have to ask ourselves whether we are really strong enough to keep our...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] Snt,—Your description of . His Majesty as " King of Canada " seems to be wanting in precision on constitutional grounds. The Dominion of Canada...

[To the Editor of Tim SPECTATOR] SIR,-1 am very much obliged by. the gracious compliment with which Commander Geoffrey Bowles prefaces his interesting letter. flow " long " the...

features of the letter of Sir Maurice Amos, appearing in your issue of October ritth, in which he points out what seems to him to be the unwarranted and unreasonable criticism...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR, — In the speeches, articles and letters about Mr. Chamberlain's Munich agreement I have read nowhere an analysis of the two chief errors...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR, — As one who has lived in Germany recently I have been greatly interested in the various letters to you on the crisis. Mr. Bevan suggests...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR, — Apropos of the paragraph in " A Spectator's Notebook " (The Spectator, October 14th, 1938) to the effect that, in excluding John...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR, — It is surprising to find in your last two issues no reference to the quotation by Janus from The Times of the " ethical boundaries " of...

'[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] are accustomed to discrepancies and even contradic- tions in the English Press. We even prefer that to the con- trolled uniformity of most of...

[To the Editor of .THE SPECTATOR] SIR, —There was recently . a letter in The Daily, Telegraph from a Mr. Douglas Goldring which contained a -valuable sug- gestion to help solve...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR,—My attention has been drawn to an article written by Mr. Boumphrey, and published in your issue of November 4th, 1932, in which he appears...

connected with the voluntary movement for the better housing of the poor in this country, and who had the honour to be associated in 1900 with Miss Octavia Hill in creating the...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR, — The outburst of renewed persecutions of all in the new " greater Germany " who are even of partly Jewish blood must surely have roused...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR,—I have had a dream so strange and unhappy that I am impelled to communicate what I have dreamed, if your columns are kindly enough to...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR,—The Anglo-Italian agreement, which brings about the recognition of Abyssinia as part of the Italian "Empire," illustrates the profound and...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR] SIR, —I am writing a life of my late husband, Dr. Percy Dearmer, and I should appreciate it if anyone - with letters or documents likely to...

Cavalcade—To 1905 The phrase is as senseless as Marathon. It meant and must still mean a company of riders on horseback, as Marathon is still the name of a place from which war...

OF recent months there seems to have been a hill in the production of gramophone records : it -is no doubt still one more thing. to - be ascribed to the political uncertainties...

is possessed by Mr. Frederiek de Reichenberg, the author of Prince Metternich in Love . and War (Richards Press, as.). Mr. de. Reichenberg has built upon a basis of enormous...

soon. There is not enough" material in Danger Is My Business _(Barker, tzs. 6d.) for a book of the size he has chosen to make it or the importance the publisher seems to give...

The author of this book (Davies, 8s. 6d.), easily one of the best of its kind, is getting on for seventy and took part in all the big gold rushes in the Transvaal, Klondyke,...

Major-General Beith's appointment as Public Relatio ns Officer to the War Office has synchronised' with the appearanc e of his pleasant and informal history of the British...

By CUSTOS THESE are trying times for stock markets. No sooner does a little patch of blue brighten the sky than it is obliterated by a rolling cloud. The Nazi regime is again...