20 FEBRUARY 1915

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Unless eve are greatly mistaken, the attempt to isolate the

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British Isles by placing a ring of terror round them, instead of resulting in making a leper country of Britain, will only result in Germany being cut off from all intercourse...

It will be asked perhaps why Germany has acted as

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she has mated. We believe the answer to be a very simple one. She felt she must do something against Britain, and a paper blockade was about the only thing left for her to do....

Before we leave the subject of the Germans and the

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North Sea we may note the increase of activity in German aircraft which has been a marked feature of the week. That activity has, however, not been without heavy losses. On...

In the eastern theatre of the war the Germans continuo

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to claim great successea, or, rather, continue to boast daily of the successes announced at the beginning of the week. They allege that in their East Prussian operations they...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T "great event of the week ought to have been the beginning of the blockade by Germany of the whole of the shores of the British Islands. Strangely enough, however, Der Tag...

In the western theatre of the war the news is

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distinctly good. During the week there have been many minor successes throughout the French and British lines, and very considerable captures of German prisoners. All the German...

Because we cannot help seeing the humorous side of the

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"great day " proclamation, just as, we are glad to say, have all our ports and shipowners from London to Liverpool, readers of the Spectator must not suppose that we think that...

The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript in any case.

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It will be seen that the German Note takes the

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high-and- mighty line. If neutral ships choose to enter the closed waters, it is on their own responsibility, and they alone will be answerable for any " unfortunate...

The Russian checks on their two flanks are, of course,

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annoying, as they mean lose of time, but there is not the slightest ground for alarm. The Ruesians are not only hold- ing np an enormous force of Germane and Austrians, but the...

American newspapers, perhaps. not unnaturally, are asking whether the German

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Government have gone mad. If we may without offence intervene in this dialectical diepute, we should say that the Germans are suffering not so much from madness as from one of...

The German answer to the American Note was delivered at

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Washington on Monday. One can only rub one's eyes and wonder whether such arguments impose upon their authors. They cannot possibly impose upon any one else. The Note says that...

The United States Government have sent Notes to both Britain

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and Germany on the new German policy of sinking merchant ships. To Britain it is pointed out that, though the deceptive use of the American flag by British merchant- men in...

On their left the Russian Army have also had to

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retire. The Russians on Thursday were obliged to abandon Czerno- witz, though it is to be hoped that the abandonment will not be for long, and the Bukowina is now reported to be...

We must not leave our chronicle of the war without

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record. lug the very interesting fact that for the second time in its history the Victoria Cross has been more than once awarded to the same man. This doable hero is a doctor,...

Two remarkable air raids have been carried out by British

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airmen during the past few days. At the end of last week the Naval Wing visited the districts of Bruges, Zeebrugge, Blankenherghe, and Ostend, and dropped bombe on submarine...

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The Turks have done yet another futile and disastrous thing

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on the borders of Egypt. In a statement issued at Cairo last Saturday it was explained that the Turks had planned an attack on Tor, which is a quarantine station at the...

fresh despatch from Sir John French was published on Wednesday.

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It is dated February 2nd, and reviews the operations from the last days of November to the beginning of February. At the end of November the British and French forces were...

Of the Territorials Sir John French says

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"I, and the principal Commanders serving under me, consider that the Territorial Force has far more than justified the most sanguine hopes that any of us ventured to entertain...

Sir Edward Grey has sent his reply to the United

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States protest of December 29th as to British interference with American shipping. An interim reply was sent on January 7th, and the new Note is the final British statement. As...

In the introductory part of his despatch Sir John French

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says that the visit of the King was excellently timed. It came just when the men's endurance had been tried to the utmost by the long battle of Ypres-Armentieres, and it was the...

We are very glad to see that the Admiralty have

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rewarded the captain and crew of the merchant steamer 'Laertee,' which skilfully escaped from a German submarine attack last week. Although his vessel was unarmed and rather...

We have written elsewhere of the naval statement which Mr.

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Churchill made in the House of Commons on Monday, and also of Mr. Lloyd George's explanation of the financial situation. Here we may briefly refer to the speech in which Mr....

Bank Rate. 5 per cent., changed from 6 per cent.

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Aug. 8th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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AN OMEN OF SUCCESS. T HE searchers for omens as to which way the war is going have for the most part missed the strongest prognostication of victory for the Allies. That...

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BLOCKADE BY TERROR.

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T HE logic of desperation has caught Germany in its coils, and it may be taken for granted that her submarines, so far as they can, will henceforth commit murder and piracy in...

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111..k. FINANCE OF THE WAR.

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(IN Monday Mr. Lloyd George made a remarkably l_l interesting statement upon the finance of the war. Ile began with an expression of regret that he could not rival the...

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THE PROGRESS OF THE VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT.

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W E offer our heartiest congratulations to the War Office and to the Central Association of Volunteer Training Corps upon the exceedingly successful and efficient way in which...

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THE PSYCHOLOGY OF DRILL.

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T HE drilling of human beings has two well-known objects. First, it makes a body of men who would otherwise be an unmanageable mob of isolated units an amenable and manageable...

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SOCIAL INCOMPATIBILITY.

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S OME people are by nature social exorcista. Contrariness, self-consciousness, aggression, and all the harsher forms of oddity flee away in their presence. They are the luck...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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GERMANY'S AIMS IN AFRICA. roe as Emma OF sou "SezorAros...] Solt, —" We shall held the balance of power in Europe, and, if destiny decrees, I see no impossibility in attaining...

PITFALLS IN BOOKLAND.

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E VERY bookman knows that the taste for buying books inevitably outruns the capacity for reading them. At first a man buys a book only when he wants it vehemently— when he is so...

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AN ERRONEOUS IDEA.

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[To ras Emma or um o Orscrarort."1 Sze.,—Permit me to differ from- the "idea" expressed by your correspondent " H. C." in your issue of Saturday last that "the sole object of...

AN AMERICAN OPINION.

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[To rim Bans. or vas ..sracraros..1 Sur,—The enclosed Letter to the Boston Herald, written by an American friend of mine, will show you that some Americans at least share your...

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1 . 1 . 0 F. Eamon Or Sas "srxmaxos."1 Sra,—I have read with

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very much regret your article in last week's Spectator on " Prohibition in Scotland during the War." You seem to have departed from your usual judicial attitude, and to have...

[To THE Eorros or use SPECTATOR...1 Sin,—With regard to your

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interesting article in the last number of the Spectator dealing with prohibition in Scotland during the war, your proposal to have entire prohibition raises a difficult...

PROHIBITION IN SCOTLAND DURING THE WAR.

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[To sea EtO708 or me "Srrer.tros.1 Sra,—The thanks of every one who cares anything for his country are due to you for your outspoken and timely article on this subject in your...

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WAR AND WASTE.

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[To ens Enron or Me "Seacmoa...] Stn,—If our food supplies is becoming a serious question, and it is, and if economy is to be practised and waste deprecated in every direction,...

HIGH PRICES AND QUACK REMEDIES. (To vas Minos or rim

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"Brno-mm.1 Sin,—Your article on "High Prices and Quack Remedies" (Spectator, February 6th) recalled Burke's essay, "Thoughts and Details on Scarcity." It merits attention. His...

INOCULATION—A SPLENDID RECORD.

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I To vs. Roma or vas “tirscrovon."1 SIR,—I have no wish to refer to the controversial aspects of inoculation, but I desire to lay before you and your readers some facts as to...

(To 21011 EDITOR or ran "SrEcr.aos..1 SIR,—I have been a

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constant reader of your paper ever since I could afford to buy a sixpenny paper, which is now some- thing like forty years. I have always been much impressed by your treatment...

COMPULSORY INOCULATION,

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[To PPP Enema on ran "srveraroa"] Sin,—Reading your article in last week's issue on " Compul- Bury Inoculation " calls to mind a remark I heard a week ago from a young officer...

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IMPOVERISHED SWITZERLAND.

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(To vas EMT°. OF rue “arsernres." Ste.,—I have before me your issues of January 23rd, January 30th, and February 6th, and have watched the correspondence between Professor J....

PENNY FUND FOR SICK AND WOUNDED.

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[To vas Earros OF T. SPECTATOO:9 Sts,—May I draw the attention of your readers to the Penny House-to-House Collection just initiated by the St. John Ambulance and the British...

BLINDED SOLDIERS AND SAILORS. [To one EDITOR or see Simms:W . ]

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Sze., — Will you allow me to tell your readers of plans which have been made to care for and help soldiers and sailors who have been blinded in the war P And may I begin by...

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THE ADOPTION OF CHILDREN ORPHANED BY THE WAR.

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[To me Eon. OF 551 “Srarra5o4"1 Stn,—Some weeks ago it was suggested in your paper that a register should be kept of children orphaued through the war, suitable for adoption...

THE. VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT.

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[To Tea Emma or 575 ..8rac555os."1 SIR,— Whatever the outcome of this Volunteer Training Corps movement, it does open one's eyes to the unexpected (one might almost say) number...

FACT OR FICTION?

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[To Tax Ennas se TIM "SFXOSAT08:1 See,—A correspondent in your issue of February Gth has raised the ethical question as to the right or wrong of pseudo- history or biography_...

SUGGESTIONS OF RELIGIOUS REV/VAL.

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[To tea EDITOR. O. TM "Errcra5o5., SIR,—The well-informed writer of your contributed article in the issue of February 6th evidently feels that the real interest of the subject...

RUSSIAN COPYRIGHT. (To 555 Roma or 551...8555555os.-1 SIR,—May I suggest

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that an important step toward closer acquaintance with and better understanding of Russia might be taken at the present time without other cost than an authoritative...

" AINSLIE GORE."

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[To nos Enron or 555 .8555T5505."1 Sea,—In reply to Messrs. Smith, Elder, and Ce. in your last issue, may I be allowed to point out that in the letter which, you were good...

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THE RED CROSS SOCIETIES OF THE SLAV COUNTRIES, [To THE

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EDITOR Or TES “Srscrares.'] Sts,—May I draw the attention of readers of the Spectator to the fact that Mr. Arthur Pollen is to lecture on "The Nary and the War" for the benefit...

THE WAR LIBRARY. .

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[To vas Eorroa or cue .Succreroa."] Sra, — I ask you of your kindness to publish our appeal for books to be used by the sick and wounded in all English hospitals in Great...

"SWEETNESS AND LIGHT."

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[To TES EDITOR or TH. " SPECTATOR:] Sin,—In your review of Bartlett's Familiar Quotations (Spec- tator, February 13th) you ask whether moat people know that it was Swift, not...

THE CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS.

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PRESIDENT LORD DESBOROUG [I. Hoer. Ssessrear PERCY A. HARRIS, Esq. HEAD OFFICES: Judges' Quadrangle, Royal Courts of Justice (Carey Street entrance). The aims and objects of...

SOLDIERS AND VENEREAL DISEASES.

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[To THE EDITOR. or TIM "SPECTATOR....1 Ste,—Shortly after the outbreak of the war the Liverpool Medical Institution prepared pamphlets, suitable for young soldiers, written in...

'POETRY.

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ANITA GARIBALDI. [Anita, wife of the "Sword of Italy," wont with him, dressed as a man, when ho and the remains of his army were pursued by the Austrians in Ism. She died as...

THE "SPECTATOR" HOME GUARDS FUND.

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SUBSCRIPTIONS for this Fund should be sent to the Spectator Office, or direct to Messrs. Barclay and Co., Goslings' Branch, 19 Fleet Street, London, E.C. Cheques should be made...

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BOOKS.

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ABBAS 11.4 THE honourable obligation of silence which Lord Cromer laid upon himself as to his relations with the Khedive Abbas II. has been removed by the recent deposition of...

NOTICE.—Trhen "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement milk the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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ADDISON'S ESSAYS.•

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IN editing Addison's Essays Sir James Frazer has fulfilled his task in just the spirit which Addison himself would have appreciated. For lovers of that great essayist need not...

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RENTS IN THE CONSTITUTION.*

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IN a long introduction prefixed to the eighth edition of his great work on Constitutional Law Mr. Dicey compares the Con- stitution as it is with the Constitution as it was when...

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OLD ROADS AND EARLY ABBEYS:I'

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THIS book will give much pleasure to the lover of London, especially to the lover of Marylebone and the adjacent parishes. • Pro Patric et Roos t Poems on War. By William Angus...

THE SEVEN YEARS' WARt

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Tan campaign of 1757, which included the battles of Prague, Rossbach, and Lenthen, has been pronounced by such diverse authorities as Jomini and Brackenbury to be "one of the...

THE INVENTOR OF THE TELEGRAPH.*

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TEE invention of the electric telegraph was, like most great inventions, a composite work. Many lines of research bad to converge before it became possible to send messages with...

POEMS ON WAR.*

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PROFESSOR KNIGHT, who in 1901 published a volume entitled Pro Patties at .Regina on behalf of the Soldiers and Sailors Fund, has just published a second volume on behalf of the...

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His English Wife. By Rudolph Stratz. Translated by A. 0.

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Curtis. (Edward Arnold. 6s.)—Since August we have heard so much of the brutal hatred of the Germans towards us English that we were surprised to find an admittedly popular...

FICTION.

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RED Harm MIL ROBERT HALIFAX is one of those writers who, in the carrying out of their design, rely neither on the amenities of civilization nor the charm of nature. There are...

The Temple of Dawn. By I. A. R. Wylie. (Mills

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and Boon. 6s.)—It would be useless to assert, as publishers love to do, that Miss Wylie's latest novel is the product of a remarkable understanding of Anglo-Indian...

READABLE NOVELS.—The Carnival of Florence. By Marjorie Bowen. (Methuen and

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Co. Gs.)—A story of the Florence of Savonarola and Piero dei Medici. As usual in Miss Bowen's work, the love interest is independent of history, and the colouring is throughout...

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Most books dealing with physical geography are intended for school

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use, and are consequently of a very elementary character. Physical Geography, by Philip Lake (Cambridge University Press, 7s. 13d. net), is intended, however, for more advanced...

An interesting study of the Prairie Provinces of Canada is

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given by Mr. E. B. Mitchell in his volume on Western Canada before the War (John Murray, 5s. net). The first half of his book is of a descriptive character, while the second is...

Mr. S. C. Hill has published a readable biography of

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Yusuf Khan (Longmans and Co.,10s. 6d. net), whom Sir John Malcolm described as "the bravest and ablest of all the native soldiers that ever served the English in India," and who...

Mira-Messrs. Stanford have sent us their War Map No.10, which

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covers the ground of the campaign in the Caucasus on a scale of about sixteen miles to the inch.-From Messrs. Bartholomew we have received a map of Egypt (Is. net) on about the...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this column does not necessarily preclude subsequent rrrisio.1 The last two volumes have now been published of The Collected Works of William Morris (Longmans and...

.A. welcome volume of Selections from the Federalist (Hum- phrey

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Milford for the Harvard University Press, 4s. 6d. net) has been put together by Professor W. B. Munro. This famous aeries of newspaper letters, written by Hamilton, Madison,...

An interesting bypath of history has been explored in Children

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of France, by E. Alaxtone Graham (Methuen and Co., 6s. net), which deals with the families of the Royal - Valois and Bourbons, ending with the tragedy of the Temple in Revolu-...

"Efficiency," on the other side of the Atlantic, is treated

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as a subject for systematic and scientific investigation. The following paragraph, for instance, is from a chapter upon "Rhythm" in Fundamental Sources of Efficiency, by...

Haw EDITIONS -A second edition has been published of Nathan

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Hale, 1776, by Henry Phelps Johnston (Humphrey Milford for the Yale University Press, 10s. 6d. net). It contains a considerable amount of new material connected with Hale's life...

Boma; or REFERENCE.-We have received the current issue of that

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useful compilation, Debrett's House of Commons and the Judicial Bench (Dean and Son, 7s. 6d. net).- Another book covering similar ground, but issued in a handier form, is the...