20 SEPTEMBER 1935

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But in the meantime the Fascist Grand Council has been

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meeting in Rome. When it adjourned on Wednesday it had not before it the text of the report, but no doubt its members knew substantially the tenor of it. May , it be taken as a...

Water Supply in Eritrea . The Italian Expeditionary Force, it appears,

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has been drawing large supplies of fresh water from Aden and the Sudan, both British (the Sudan Anglo-Egyptian). So far as this is still the case it suggests one obvious and...

addressed to the people of en Pr a nce, T hat was

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d a e a m v message g n e cleverslhyarp the dilemma that g to perplexes them. It is to suggest that those countries t which feel themselves, ag grieved by the Peace Treaties...

OFFICES : 99 Gower St., London, MC. 1. Tel.: MusEtm

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1721. Entered as second-class Mail Matter at the Nets York, N.Y. Post Office, De c. 23rd, 1896, Postal subscription 30e. per annum, to any p ar t o f the world. Postage on this...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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T HE League Committee of. Five have proceeded with the utmost despatch in examining the cases of Italy and Abyssinia and preparing their report. Before submitting it to the...

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Labour Party Conference • The report 'of the executive committee

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of the Labour Party which will be submitted to the Labour Party Conference opening at Brighton in the first weeks of October was issued last Monday. It contains no matter likely...

Herr Hitler's Speeches.

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Germany's attitude to the main problem which is vexing the rest of Europe remains undefined. In his recent speeehes Herr Hitler's only allusion to the League of Nations was in...

The Conservative Party Conference, The annual conference of the Conservative

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Party will be held on October 8rd and 4th, at Bourne- mouth, which is Sir Henry Page-Croft's constitu- ency. He, like other opponents of the Government's India policy in...

Anti-Jewish Laws in Germany It does not take long to

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pass laws in Germany. The swiftness with which legislation wholly pleasing to the • Left •wing of the Nazi party was carried through a hastily -summoned Reichstag made it...

The Milk Dispute The conflict between the Milk Board and

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the Central Milk Distributive Committee—that is between the' interest of the ,farmers who produce the milk and that of the wholesalers and retailers through whom it reaches the...

Anti-Air Raid Precautions The statement criticising the Government's' 'air raid

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precautions, issued over the signatures of Lord Russell and a distinguished list of scientists and university professors, suffers from a defect not uncommon 'in round-- robins...

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A Miracle Tested It may be doubted whether a performance

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of an Eastern " miracle " has ever been so thoroughly vetted as that of fire-walking which was demonstrated last Tuesday to a very learned audience in a Carshalton garden. Fire-...

The B.M.A. at Melbourne The meeting of the British Medical

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Association in Melbourne is a considerable event an itself ;- for our doctors have...only once •. before held their great annual convention outside the United Kingdom. Toronto...

Unemployed Youth Since we referred last week to the problems

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of juvenile unemployment, an interesting report on 'it in 1934 has been published by the Ministry of Labour. The special difficulty, to which we alludecl—that created by the...

Was Balfour a Celt ?

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To a suggestion that we have had five " Celtic " Prime Ministers in this century, one of them Lord Balfour, Mrs. e s . e i a l a n b d i o te a s p s i h h y l y , t h h a e s...

Better Trade Maintained The August trade figures, while showing the

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usual holiday drop from the high level of July, conform never- theless to the• sustained improvement in trade which has - SO far characterised the present year, As: conipared...

The Founder of Sunday Schools Two hundred years ago was

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born Robert Raikes, a worthy citizen of Gloucester who has gone down to fame as the founder of Sunday schools. He. made. the first experiment in his home city, employing women...

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GENEVA DANGERS

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T HE relative hill that has intervened at Geneva since the speeches of Sir Samuel Hoare and M. Laval last week has not been seriously disturbed by the • " no compromise "...

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BRITISH SHIPPING AT BAY

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T HE speech of the Chairman of the P. & 0. Com- pany at the launching of the , `Strathmore ' has recalled to public attention the critical state of British 'shipping in...

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Purity of language is at all times to be approved.

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But the ethical distinction between d and damn has always seemed to me a little fine. And when Sir Austen Chamberlain writes in his new volume of memoirs " Of course I know The...

When the four great trunk railway lines of this country

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act in co-operation some momentous achievement may seem to be portended. But it is apparently not always so. They have, it seems, just united all their several and formidable...

I am told that in the Irish Free State almost

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every car you see is a Ford or an Essex—unless there happens to be a priest in it ; then it is a Fiat. That the average Irish- man in present conditions should make it a point...

A SPECTATOR'S NOTEBOOK Fr HE Post Office has been so

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abundantly congratulated on the, success of its shilling telephone calls after 7 p.m., that a little reluctant criticism to adjust the balance will do no harm. That the rush of...

Busy men would show themselves well-advised if they got some

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competent person to read their . proofs for them. Take Sir Austen's book. He is much too good a French scholar to leave words like precieuses and revolu- tion without accents,...

Sir Samuel Hoare's broadcast from Geneva last week Was in

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its way as successful a piece of work as his address to the Assembly—not because it was so like it, but because it was so different. There was an informality about it that was...

Apropos of certain remarks in this column about the suppression

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of vital pieces of news by British and other newspapers I am invited to comment on " the astonishing suppression of the Aloisi memorandum in the Press here, but not on the...

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OCCASIONAL BIOGRAPHIES : IX. SIR SAMUEL HOARE

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S IR SAMUEL HOARE'S speech to the League last week has been admired more generally throughout the world than almost any speech by a British statesman, certainly since the War....

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EXPANSIONISM : FACT AND ILLUSION

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By SIR NORMAN ANGELL S IR SAMUEL HOARE, in that speech which was indeed " a moment of history," did well to indicate that Great Britain was prepared to consider grievances which...

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THE CONDITION OF MEMEL

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By MARTIN MACLAUGHLIN THE town is squalid and the territory remote and insignificant. But the destiny of both is closely allied with that of contemporary Europe and may even-...

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THE MOSCOW STAGE

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By PHILIP HOPE-WALLACE T HE Moscow Theatre Festival has come and gone and . the ululations of theatre-lovers from, we are told, eighteen countries have subsided. The impression...

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THE MACHINES STOP

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By JAMES HANLEY F OR thirty years Mr. Edmonds had tended machines. He had cleaned and oiled them and polished them. They were his world and his life. He served them loyally and...

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Marginal Comments LAMENT FOR HAY

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By JAN STRUTHER T O protest against the progress of science is not only a mark .of approaching middle-age but a waste of breath. It will, whatever one says, continue its forward...

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Communication

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A Letter From Geneva [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR, —One fact has emerged from the general debate in the Assembly on Monday. The prestige of the League has advanced and...

A Hundred Years Ago

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" THE SPECTATOR," SEPTEMBER 19TH, 1835. THE, COLOSSEUM. The evening entertainments and splendid promenades of the Colosseum continue to attract visiters, and even the moonlit...

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The Cinema

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`‘ The Black Room." At the London Pavilion. "Gentle men of the Navy." At the Plaza MR. Boras KARLOFF has been allowed to act at last. Like the late Lon Chaney, he reached...

STAGE AND SCREEN The Ballet

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M. Woizikovsky's Company. At The Coliseum Tim Ballet appeals to two different kinds of audience. There are those who find in its beauty and wit, its colour and music, one of...

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Muskelflieger

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[Von einem Deutsehen Korrespondentedi IN der alten Kranungs-Stadt Frankfurt-am-Main hat der zwanzigjahrige Segelflieger Michell den ersten Muskelflug vollbraelit. Nach einigen...

Art

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A Neo-Classical City THOSE who wish to see a Gothic or a Renaissance or a Baroque city have before them a large choice, for Italy, France and Germany will all provide numerous...

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Snapdragon Substitutes Gardeners all over the country—both in England and

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yet more in the United States—are asking themselves what is the substitute for the antirrhinum. It . had become almost an essential, when that fungus disease known as rust came...

* * * *

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Honey Scents Where this Comma was seen the gorgeous Peacocks and Red Admirals proper to autumn have been rarer than in memory. Happily, they appear to be as common as usual in...

An Eastern Comma There are more ways than Solomon's four

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which baffle our human intelligence. The way of a butterfly is perhaps less predictable than that of an eagle : and this year our entomologists have been kept wondering all the...

COUNTRY LIFE

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A Vanished Lake A rather alarming example of the fall of the water-level about the country is in evidence in my neighbourhood. Est lacus : there is a lake where, so far as my...

'Bustard and Grouse

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Most of the fauna have their ups and downs, with foxes • perhaps as an exception. Their numbers seem to depend 'almost wholly on the' degree of violent .destruction by the -...

Corn and Squirrels A complete list of the sins or

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crimes of the grey squirrel or tree rat., as some call it, would /flake a formidable index ; for this clever and adaptable creature continually' discovers new tastes. I see that...

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DANGERS AT MEMEL

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[To the Editor of TUE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Having recently returned from a visit to Memel, may I make some comment on your paragraph on the subject in the last issue ? I believe the...

FORCE, LEGAL AND ILLEGAL

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sim,—General Crozier's logic is difficult to follow. For what reason does he describe those who argue that war should be transferred to police...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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[Correspondents are requested to keep their letters as brief as is reasonably possible. The most suitable length is that of one of our " News of the Week " paragraphs. Signed...

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A POINT OF HISTORY

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[To the Editor. of. THE' SPECTATOR.] • Sia,—In his article " Lying like a Bulletin," Mr: J. L: Hammond refers to the fact that until the publication of Colonel House's memoirs...

REAL' SANCTIONS OR NONE

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[To the Editor of THE Sanciivion.] Sin,--One can only, endorse strongly Sir Arthur Salter's contention that " mild " restraints upon a law-breaker in the international community...

THE ALBERTA EXPERIMENT

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[To the Editor of Dm SPECTATOR.] Slit,—Permit me to comment on your article in your issue of August 80th on the Alberta Experiment. You suggest that " monetary heresy " only...

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TRACKS FOR CYCLISTS [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Your

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contributor Janus " appears to miss the point in his remarks last week on the attitude of cyclists' organisa- tions to the provisiori of special tracks, Obviously cyclists will...

[To the Editor of TIIE SPECTATOR.] Sin,--I have just returned

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from a holiday on the Wigtownshiro coast, where I was horrified. to and that every beach and rock was inhabited by oil-begrimed sea-birds rendered unable to fly, slowly dying,...

A CORRECTION [To the Editor of Tun SPECTATOR,] was with

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profound dismay that I read in your issue of September 6th, under the signature of John P. Fletcher, the statement that " Recently Lord Noel Buxton and Sir John Harris proposed...

THE AMERICAN LANGUAGE [To the Editor of THE. SPECTATOR.] Sin,—May

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I add a note to Mr. Horwill's good-tempered warn- ing on collecting contemporary usa ges. His lon g labours had been rewarded, in the notices I had seen, with such vague and...

THE NATURE OF MONEY [To the . Editor of THE SPECTATOR.]

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Sla,—If Mr, A. W. Biddy is so sure that his peculiar views on economics, contradicting as they do the perceptions of the nature of " money held by such respectable Writers as...

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HOSPITAL SATURDAY

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—As President of the Hospital Saturday Fund, I appeal to your readers to give their utmost support to the 62nd Annual Appeal and Street...

Shared Light

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IN black articulate winter, the Ieaf gone, , Finely they covered with their love the bone- Bare garden steep, the stone-ribbed land, Together moved alone, (Shared light had...

A RESTORATION FANTASIA

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] should like to apologise to Mr. Charles Williams for a passage in my review of his Rochester. I see from Mr. Summers' bibliography that he is...

" LES CELIBATAIRES "

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Owing to a misunderstanding, my English publishers have published my recent novel Les Celibataires, under the title Lament for the Death...

The Blind Scholar

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THESE, eyelids, growing old, Need props. But there are none. I was mad, when young, To barter muscle for knowledge, Even this small tissue of the eye. For darkness surely is...

HARD ON THE JUDGE [To the Editor of TIIE SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—An item of news to the effect that Wealdstone County Court seating has been fitted with cushions of cellular latex reminds those of us who must spend long hours in the...

CHINESE STUDENTS

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[To the Editor of TIIE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In view of inquiries which my article on Chinese students in London, in The Spectator of September 13th, has brought me, may I add that...

OPINIONS ON OXFORD

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The point Mr. Johnson made in his article in your issue of August 80th, entitled " Oxford Social Round," was merely that all that glitters...

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A Defence of Intellectual Freedom

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By J. L. HAMMOND Katarcir used to find amusement in putting himself in the place of a cultivated Greek or Roman at the time when Conversion was a common phenomenon and imagining...

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Poet and Dramatist

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The Janus of Poets, Being an essay on the Dramatic Value of Shakspere's Poetry, both good and bad. By Richard David. (Cambridge University Press. 5s.) A FEW minutes spent in...

DinEeT subseribers who are changing their addresses are asked to

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notify THE SPECTATOR Office BEFORE MIDDAY on MONDAY OF EACH WEEK. The previous address to which the paper has been sent and receipt reference number should be quoted.

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A Communist. Party History

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" WITHOUT a revolutionary theory," wrote Lenin, " there can be no revolutionary movement." This pronouncement is the Bolshevik equivalent of the Christian doctrine that " works...

Undertones of War

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MANY books have been written about the Great War : but few good ones. The subject is too much for most writers. Hardly any have the power to organise events so ;terrific into...

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Essex Place-Names

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As the great survey of English place-names proceeds, county by county, each new volume becomes more authoritative with the wider and more exact knowledge that the general...

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Isis Id©l

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Anth ony Hope and His Books. By Si'' Charles Mallet. (Hutchinson. I 8s.) Hope and His Books. By Si'' Charles Mallet. (Hutchinson. I 8s.) " One break comes ovary year in my...

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A Scotsman's Scrap-Book

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The Scots B oo k Compiled and in part writton by Ronald MacDonald. Douglas. (MaeLohose. 7s. Gd.) 'finis is not entirely an anthology, hardly a guide-book, and decidedly not a...

THE INDEX TO VOLUME 154 OF " THE SPECTATOR" IS

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NOW READY. One Shilling (or 25 cents) for each copy should be enclosed Willi instructions, and addressed to :— INDEX DEPT., " 'ELLE SPECTATOR," LTD., 99 GOWER STREET, LONDON,...

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Fiction

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By SEAN O'FAOLAIN His Chinese Concubine. Laurie. 7s. 6d.) The Farm at Santa Fe. 7s. 6d.) The Lion Beat the Unicorn 7s. 6d.) By Norah James. (Duckworth. NORMALLY one finds room...

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BORZOI

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By Igor Schwezoff • Borzoi (Hodder and Stoughton, 9s. 6d.) is the autobiography of a young Russian ballet dancer. Igor Schwezoff was born in St. Petersburg in 1904, of wealthy...

Current Literature

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CAMELS THROUGH LIBYA By Dugald dainpbell Mr. Dugald Campbell's latest book has a particular interest at the present time. In Camels Through Libya (Seeley Service, 18s.) he...

THE QUEEN OF SPIES

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By Major Thomas Coulson In The Queen of Spies (Constable, 7s. ad.) Major Coulson, once a member of the British Secret Service, tells the amazing story of Louise de Bettignies,...

Finance

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The Investor's Opportunity Fort some few months I have felt it necessary to sound a 'cautious note with regard to the course of prices in the Stock Markets, and especially has...

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GOOD TRADE FIGURES.

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But for the effect of the disturbed European situation, it is probable that home securities, and especially Home Industrial shares, would have been favourably affected during...

Financial Notes

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MARKET DEPRESSION. THE Stock Markets have been completely dominated during the past week by the Abyssinian crisis, and prices have fallen in most departments. Depression has...

GATJMONT-BRITISII RESULTS.

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For the past year the profit of the Gaumont-British Picture Corporation increased by over £28,000 to £720,483. The former dividend of 7 per cent. on the Ordinary is maintained,...

TOBACCO PROFITS.

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Some five years ago the net profits of Ardath Tobacco. Company—the concern which manufactures " State Express " and other cigarettes — achieved the remarkable total of £715,000,...

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"The Spectator" Crossword No. 156

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By ZI NO [A prize of one guinea will be given to the sender of the first. Correct solution of this week's crossword puzzle to be opened. Envelopes should be marked " Crossword...

SOLUTION CROSSWORD NO. TO

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12•11•Uuma • y C D n . 01U A I B LI E I D 01 A OW ER U AITAA1D NIGIIIGIL 01 Rriarti - ti O N I I TIE 71 V A ...9] UI A1 R D N T EI R EI I E N I T S I Et E R N 1...