21 APRIL 1933

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Mr. Roosevelt Goes Off Gold In a world in which

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anything may happen nowadays in the matter of currencies America's virtual abandonment of the gold standard—what Mr. Roosevelt calls " letting the dollar take care of itself...

OFFICES : 99 Gower St., London, W.C. I. Tel. :

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MusEum 1721. Entered as second-class Mail Matter at the New York N. Y Post Office, Dec. 23n1, 1896. Postal subscription 30s. per annum, to any part of the world. Postage on this...

News of the Week

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A S these lines are being written no decision has yet been given by the Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union regarding commutation of the sentences passed on Messrs....

Affairs in Germany Last week's debate in the House of

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Commons on the situation in Germany produced a protest from the German Government, dictated, apparently, not so much by the speeches of Sir Austen Chamberlain and other private...

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Japan's Advances The Japanese troops have now occupied - a triangle

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of some five thousand miles in area south of the Great Wall. When the original advance from 'the rail :,- av zone in Manchuria was Made - in SepteMber, 19:P it was loudly...

* The Far Left The decision of the Independent Labour

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Party– by 83 votes to 79—to approach the Communist International with a view to co-operation (not affiliation) is one more sign of the disintegration of the now negligible...

The Disarmament Conference The Disarmament Conference resumes its labours on

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Tuesday. The business before it is the British plan presented to the Conference by the Prime Minister in March. Everyone has so far spoken well of the plan, but everyone has...

Whilst the new measure in addition frees the railways from

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various restrictions, the companies are taking further steps to set their own house in order. Last year the London Midland and Scottish came to terms with the Great Western and...

Road and Rail Traffic The publication of the text of

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the Road and Rail Traffic Bill shows that the Government have decided to adopt the essential recommendations of the Salter Report so far as they apply to the regulation of road...

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Trade Agreements Mr. Runciman stated last week that trade agreements

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with Argentina, Scandinavia and Germany were nearing completion. The German agreement might, he said, double our much restricted export of coal to Hamburg and Bremen ; the...

An Interpreter of France In his article on a later

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page our French Correspondent pays at tribute, with which Thr Spectator unreservedly associates itself editorially, to the retiring French Ambassador, M. de Fleuriau, who ends...

M. Daladier Endangered The victory of the left wing French

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Socialists under M. Leon Blum, a group which, under the leadership of M. Renaudel, is for co-operating so far as possible with the present. government, will make matters...

The New India Lord Linlithgow. should make an admirable . chairman

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Of the Select Committee on India, the more so since his knowledge of the. country itself is not merely a politician's. India is four-fifths agricultural, and a man who has...

Shipping Subsidies The ease against shipping subsidies is fully substan-

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tiated in the report of a deputation from the Baltic Conference to the Chamber of Shipping. Both these important bodies of shipowners agreed that Government subsidies had...

* * *

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Death on the Roads The Home Office return on road accidents in 1032 shows that they reached a total of 184,006 as compared with 181,007 in 1931. Fatal accidents were 6,667 in...

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The Moscow Verdict

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T HERE are far too many perplexing elements about the Moscow trial to justify any easy dogmatism, regarding it. The whole. legal procedure of Russia is utterly unfamiliar to us...

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The Science of Advertising

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A DVERTISING is not boosting, but education," said Sir William Crawford the other day, speaking of the forthcoming Advertising- Exhibition and Conven- tion. Aloof and fastidious...

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The youth hostel trampers must have broken a lot of

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records through the brilliant Easter week-end. Germany, of course, is the home of the movement. There it is possible for German boys : and girls -- or, for that matter,...

A Spectator's Notebook T HE principal daily papers have been very

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variously served in regard to the trial at Moscow. The Soviet Government were apparently only willing to grant visas for two visiting British journalists, Mr. Fleming,...

* * Fred Terry, in spite of the magic of

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his name, was not quite so well known to the post-War public as to the preceding generation of playgoers. That was partly due to his ill-health, and partly, I suppose, to the...

By remarkably swift steps Sir Austen Chamberlain has won himself

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in the last three or four months an acknow- ledged primacy al - 1=g the few recognized elder statesmen of the country. 'Paree times in swift succession he has made ....

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Sidelights on Hitlerism

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BY SIR EVELYN WRENCIL A. FORTNIGHT ago, in the Prince Leopold Palace in the Wilhelmplatz, Berlin, was gathered an expect- ant crowd of six hundred German provincial journalists...

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The Case for the 4.0-Hour Week

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BY GEOFFREY MANDER, M.P. [Sir Herbert Austin, head of the well-known motor firm, will put in next week's SPECTATOR " The Case Against the Forty-Hour Week."] T HE simple facts...

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Religion in the Public Schools Br THE HEADMASTER OF BRADFIELD.

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T HE meeting of the Church Assembly was recently the occasion for a renewed attack on the religion of the Public School. It was urged that the presentation of Christianity is no...

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Vanished Forests

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By T. IL GLOVER. G ARDEN Island and Collins Bay are probably not shown in the atlases available for most of us. They are at the lower end of Lake Ontario, where the St. Law-...

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L'Ambassadeur de France

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[D'UN CORRESPONDANT FRANcAIS.] (TEST au debut du mois prochain que M. de Fleuriau, ambassadeur de France a Londres, quitters sa residence d'Albert Gate. On peut tenir pour...

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The Theatre

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" The Rats of Norway." By Keith Winter. At the Playhouse THE lemmings, who suggested to Mr. Winter his title, but of whose migratory habits his note on the programme betrays...

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THE FRAGRANT GARDEN.

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The honeysuckle, most English of shrubs, is reaching a new popularity, partly because it has more or less recently been reinforced from China ; and, most strangely, a very large...

HIKERS AND THEIR BOOKS.

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The literature of " hiking " grows with the habit ; and the very latest, Walking in the Lake District (Maclehose, 7 s. 6d.), contains in its preface a well-deserved greeting to...

The excellent Board of Greenkeeping Research, which studies at Bingley,

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in Yorkshire, all the problems that concern our lawns and greens, and, what is more, tells us the solutions. has conic across the same difficulty as Rothumsted, which studies...

Country Life

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lj i -v VILLAGES. 1 . ,%(• villages in England, Chievely in Berks and Bibury- the famous Bibury—in Gloucestershire, have for the moment so h- e d their unemployment problem. The...

A personal experience may indicate the difference between

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town and country mentality. I was in a northern town recently making some enquiries into unemployment, and talked with some of the unemployed men about the ideals of the Prince...

* * * * POETS AND BIRDS.

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We never enjoy our birds so much as now, when they are visible, when they are in full song, when they are arriving from overseas, when they are happiest. Mr. W. H. Davies says...

The worst enemies of all our lawns anti greens and

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pitches are, I suppose, clover, plantains and daisies, all of which can be made to perish by the sprinkling of the dust of sulphate of ammonia, which is at the same time the...

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CONDITIONS IN GERMANY

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—I must confess to having read with a certain sense of disappointment Sir Evelyn Wrench's article in your issue of this week. As a Jew I...

Letters to.' the Editor

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• [Correspondents are requested to keep their letters as brief as is reasonably possible. The most suitable length is that of one of our " News of the Week" paragraphs.—Ed. THE...

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.]

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Snt,—After reading some of the apOlogies offered by your correspondents for the new German policy of destroying Jewish influence by starving thousands of perfectly innocent and...

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FREE MONEY

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] 804—Your correspondent, Lord Tavistock, does little service to practical monetary reform proposals by advocating any form of " free " money....

THE CASE FOR ORTHODOXY [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.]

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Sia,—In your issue of April 7th you published an article by Mr. Ian Horobin, purporting to be serious, in which he wrote : " In the summer of 1932 the stocks in this country...

THE RAILWAY PROBLEM

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Your first correspondent, Mr. E. Peter Jones, stated that motorists were paying the whole cost of maintaining and improving the roads. In...

EXPLANATORY NOTE

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—I have seen a letter in The Spectator of April 7th, entitled " Terror in Germany," written from an address in Potsdam, and signed A....

[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—May I be allowed to express my grateful thanks for the publication of the ease for orthodoxy by Mr. Ian Horobin ? It is time that we left the land of dreams for the realm...

RAIL RATES, WAGES AND PRICES

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[To the Editor of TIIE SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The average wholesale price level of commodities is below pre-War level. The growers of corn are getting less ; producers of metals and...

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JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN AND OTTAWA

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,--The Government's fiscal action is clearly covered by the blank cheque given at last election ; and the more serious one's reservations as...

EXPLAINING NEWMAN

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your correspondent who writes under the above heading in your current issue confesses with gratifying frankness that she criticizes my...

THE COST OF BUILDING

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[To the Editor of TIM SPECTA'TOR4 SIR,—You kindly published a letter of mine, on " The c os t of Building," in your issue of March 31st. • Following this, there were letters in...

WINDOW-TAX

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR, —I could scarcely believe my eyes when I saw that Mr. Clough Williains-Ellii was advocating a window-tax. We are fortunately living in a...

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GERMAN BEDS [To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I belong

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to a Society which works for International Co-operation. Our Society's idea of achieving International Co-operation is to encourage as many citizens as possible of each country...

Poetry

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Leaves and Trees ACANTHUS. ACANTHUS. With their high name, these ample leaves that gleam Are like Homeric imagery ; I think A steed comes here to drink, and casts the drops...

SPIRIT MESSAGES

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[To the Editor of THE SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Mr. Joad seems to regard the "psychic factor" as an impersonal force temporarily attaining personality or a measure of personality through...

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Town and Country Planning

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ILLIAMS -ELLIS . IF we find Professor Patrick Abercrombie's admirable little book,* named as below, already apparently familiar both in title and matter, it is because the...

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Taxes and Trade

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British Industries and their Organization. By O. C. Allen. (Longman. 10s. 6d.) Increasing Return :. A Study of the Relation between the Size and Efficiency of Industries. By....

America and the Debts

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The United States in World Affairs, 1932. Prepared by 'Walter Lippman!' for the Council on Foreign' Relations, New York. (Harpers. 12s. 6d.) THESE are two pertinent and timely...

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Nathan Soderblom

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Tim recent emergence of the Church of Sweden from its com- parative isolation, and the establishment of new and fruitful relations with other Lutheran charches, and especially...

Essays In Biography

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ONE of the more significant and cheering economic conse- quences of the depression is that Mr. Keynes has become a best seller, and that a journal which devoted three columns to...

Modern German Literature

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Modern German Literature. By Arthur Eloesser. Translated from the German by Catherine Alison Phillips. With an introduction by LUdwig Lewisohn. (I:famish Hamilton. 15s.) So far...

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A Georgian Diplomat

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The Private Correspondence of Sir Benjamin Keene, LB., Edited with introduction and notes by Sir Richard Lodge, LL.D., Litt.D. (Cambridge University Press. 25s.) ONE of the most...

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Responses to Shakespeare

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How Many Children Had Lady Macbeth Y By L. C. Knights. (The Minority Press, Cambridge. 2s. 6d.) " THOUSANDS and thousands of books," says Mr. Logan Pearsall Smith, " have been...

Donne's Valediction

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Donne's Sermon of Valediction. Edited by Evelyn Mary Simpson. (Nonesuch Press. 12s. 6c1.) IN May, 1619, Donne left England to travel as a member of Doncaster's mission to the...

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Early Mediaeval French Lyrics

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Early Mediaeval French Lyrics. By Claude Colleer Abbotti (Constable. 15s.) Nov too many years ago Mr. Ezra Pound, in an inspired yet seemingly lackadaisical manner, recaptured...

Corruption as a Matter of Course

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What's the Matter with New York?. By Norman Thomas and Paul Blanchard. (Macmillan. 10s.) " WE criticize," write the authors of this well-documented exposure, " not because we...

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The Historical Novel

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The Fall of the King. By Johannes V. Jensen. (Gr.iys on and Grayson. 75. 6d.) " THE historical novel " ; one thinks of Alan Breck full-k ngth among the heather, D'Artagnan...

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Fiction

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Br GRAHAM GREENE. Doctor Gion. By Hans Carossa. (Seeker. 7s. 13d.) Doctor Gion is a puzzling and disappointing book. Herr Carossa has won a very high reputation by his...

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Current Literature

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MODERN FRANCE By Cicely Hamilton Miss Hamilton is an untiring investi7ator of post-War Europe. We have seen her in Germany and Italy, and al- though the third title advertised...

INDIA : THE WHITE PAPER By Sir John Perronet Thonipson

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This brief exposition of the contents of the recent White Paper on India can be unreservedly commended. While the explanatory portions are completely objective, Sir John...

THE OXINDEN LETTERS, 1607-1642 Edited by Dorothy Gardiner

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Henry Oxinden of Barham, fortunately for us, hoarded every letter he could lay his hands on, and kept copies of all he wrote himself. To this Kentish squire's genius for...

THE STORY ATLAS Edited by John Stirling

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It is hard to believe that the map of Great Britain, or any other map, is improved by being denuded of all but five names, and having several little aeroplanes drawn crawling...

THE REAL DAVID COPPERFIELD By Robert Graves

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Dickens ought to be ashamed of himself. Mr. Craves says so, and in The Real David Copperfield (Barker, 9s.) kindly explains everything that he would have been ashamed of, if he...

THE UNCONQUERABLE TRISTAN By B. M. Steigman

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A new Life of Wagner at this time of day requires sound justification, and there is nothing discoverable in Mr. Steig- man's book, The Unconquerable Tristan (Macmillan, 15s.)...

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A Hundred Years Ago

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" THE SPECTATOR " APRIL 20TH, 1833. An inquest was held on Tuesday afternoon, at the Christchurch Workhouse, Blackfriars Road, on thebody of a young woman which had been picked...

Motoring

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Points to Test a Car By PRIOLEAU course of a year or two. . The case for the four-cylinder car is that it is simpler, has 50 per cent. fewer parts to go wrong or wear out,...

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Travel

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Spring by the Lizard By L. A. G. STRONG. Tim Cornish coast around the Lizard is like no other part of the British Isles. Bare, magnificent headlands, covered with short grass,...

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A BROAD VIEW.

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This is the second occasion on which Lord Revelstoke has presided over the annual meeting of the United Kingdom Provident Institution and his second address, like the one...

Financial Notes

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HOME STOCKS BETTER. Ox the whole, a cheerful tone has characterized the Stock Markets during the last few days, a good feature being the firmness of some Home securities....

UNITED KINGDOM PROVIDENT.

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The Chairman of the United Kingdom Provident Institu- tion, Lord Revelstoke, was able to refer at the recent annual meeting of that Institution to the satisfactory results...

- BANKING IN JAPAN. • •

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The full report now available of the Yokohama Specie Bank, . covering the second half of 1932, shows That the Deposits at the end of last year amounted to Yen 680,00(1,000...

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INCOME TAX AND INDUSTRIES.

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Not the least important part of Sir Harry McGowan's speech was concerned with his plea that encouragement should be given by the Government to capital outlays on new ventures by...

Lord Revelstoke is evidently a believer in the future of

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the United States, and he lays emphasis upon the influence of America's buying and productive power on the price level. Referring to a recently published essay in which the...

IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES.

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If only by reason of its vast ramifications and the enormous financial interests involved, special importance • attaches to the annual meetings of Imperial Chemical Industri...

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Gramophone Notes

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THERE is nothing to equal a centenary • for advertising is composer's work. _ The approach of the Brithnis ceremony, which will be celebrated with suitable pomp next month,...

SOLUTION OF CROSSWORD No. 29.

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131311llelE4011k1 3E113113 11A13 ELAM 13 13 _El 13 (31311111201313t1 E13113313 MEIN 131:43 El 13 - 11 3 111111131131113 ill130133113 13 C1-;?13*13113 13E3a13131313 0311181P El...

" The Spectator" Crossword No. 3 0 1 [A prize of one guinea

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will be given to the sender of the first correct solution of this week's crossword puzzle to be open e d Envelopes should be marked " Crossword Puzzle,". and sho n kt be...