21 SEPTEMBER 1912

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As an illustration of the gulf which separates the moral

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and intellectual conceptions of the East from those of the West, Sir Valentine Chirol, a propos of General Nogi's death, described in a letter to the Times of Monday how some...

We have written of the Chinese situation elsewhere, but may

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say here that Radical criticism of the British Foreign Office seems to require that we should cut ourselves off from the possibility of advising and checking the other Powers in...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE centre of interest in foreign affairs during the week has been the negotiations for a Chinese loan. While the Six-Power group have been discussing the terms of a...

The world was astonished by the news that on Friday

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week, when the first gun was fired announcing the departure of the Emperor's body from the palace at Tokyo, Count Nogi and his wife had committed suicide. General Nogi was the...

Last Saturday the late Japanese Emperor, Mutsuhito, was buried with

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the traditional ceremonial of his country. On Friday week, in the presence of immense crowds, the body was removed after dark from the palace in Tokyo to the parade ground,...

The Rome correspondent of the Times reports in 'Thursday's paper

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that the Italian troops in Tripoli fought an important engagement with the enemy on Tuesday. The Arabs, led by Enver Bey, attacked the Italians on two sides. The fighting lasted...

*.* The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript in entice's.

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At the re-opening of the Hungarian Chamber on Tuesday the

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scenes of last session were matched, and perhaps surpassed. It will be remembered that Count Tisza, the President of the Chamber, had the obstructionist Opposition forcibly...

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The Times correspondent at Lisbon reports in last Saturday's issue

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an important official communique dealing with the Portu- guese Royalists in Spain. An agreement has now been signed with the Spanish Government providing for the expulsion of...

The series of anti-Home Rule demonstrations in Ulster began at

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Enniskillen on Wednesday, when Sir Edward Carson addressed an open-air meeting of 30,000 persons. The Government said they must be content to live under a Constitution which had...

We deal elsewhere with Mr. Churchill's latest manifesto, but may

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note the significant comment passed on it by the London correspondent of the Liverpool Daily Poet, a staunch Liberal organ. The writer declares that Mr. Churchill's suggestion...

The ceremony of turning the first sod of the trans-

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Australian railway, which will connect Port Augusta with Kalgoorlie, and link Western Australia by land with the rest of the Commonwealth, was performed last Saturday at Port...

According to a Reuter message in the papers of Monday

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the American Navy Department has announced that the Panama Canal will be opened in the autumn of 1913. The date of opening has become steadily earlier as the excavations have...

The Army manoeuvres in East Anglia came to an end

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on Wednesday, a day within the limit allowed for them, because the two forces had come into such close contact that only real fighting could have decided the final issue....

Sir John French . pointed out that as it was open

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to the invaders to deal with the defenders in detail, an important lesson to be drawn from the manoeuvres was the need of the earliest possible concentration of forces. There...

Serious rioting occurred at Belfast on Saturday afternoon, during the

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course of a football match, on the Celtic football ground, between the Celtic and the Linfield clubs, the first a Roman Catholic and the second a mainly Protestant organiza-...

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Subsequently the matter came up at a special meeting of

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the Council of Agriculture on Tuesday. The subject for which the meeting was convened was the present crisis in the Irish cattle trade and the negotiations between the English...

The recently issued report of the Development Commis- sioners referred

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to their rejection of Mr. T. W. Russell's scheme of " non-controversial co-operation," and to their decision, subject to the fulfilment of certain conditions as to supervision,...

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One of the worst railway accidents of recent years occurred

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on Tuesday. The 5.30 p.m. express from Chester to Liver- pool, while approaching Ditton junction, near Widnes, left the metals on an incline at a spot where the two double roads...

The Metropolitan police have declared war on the West End

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palmists and fortune-tellers. An Order has been issued by the Chief Commissioner warning them that in future they will not be permitted to advertise by notices in the windows or...

The Report of the Committee on the Horse-Power Rating of

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Motor Cars, issued on Monday night, recommends the revision of the provisional regulations now in force. The most important suggestion is to the effect that in future motor...

It was clear to him that the Church of England

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could not long continue to be regarded as a National Church unless some closer bonds of union were established between the episcopal and non-episcopal Christian communities in...

We are glad to record the meeting, held on Wednesday,

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of the Soldiers' Land Settlement Association, at which proposals for providing small farms for ex-soldiers were laid before the Committee by Colonel H. L. Pilkington, the...

The Bishop of Carlisle, addressing the Diocesan Conference on Tuesday,

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dealt chiefly with the subject of Church defence. All methods of Church defence were not good. There were folly, rancour, and ignorance on both sides. But when all allowance had...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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MR. CHURCHILL'S LATEST ESCAPADE. ../ MID all the vagaries of his political career Mr. Churchill possesses one unchanging characteristic —to whatever party he may belong, in...

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THE SITUATION IN CHINA.

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W HEN sinologues differ diametrically as to the capacity of the Chinese for democracy it is impos- sible for an ordinary observer to feel confident about anything in the...

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TRAMCARS AND MOTOR-'BUSES. T HE controversy between the tramcar and the

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motor- 'bus is becoming acute. In the first instance the tramcar could afford to despise its rival. It had the advantage in the majesty of its proportions, in the roomi- ness of...

THE PEACE PROPOSALS.

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I T is evident that there are good prospects of peace be- tween Italy and Turkey. They are so good indeed that we can already say that if they should not be realized the...

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RECONSTITUTED FRIENDSHIP.

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T T is proverbial that love disintegrated by anger can be reconstituted, and the proverb applies even more truly to friendship. It is said also that absence tends to increase...

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A N American critic says " Strindberg is the greatest sub-

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jectivist of all time." Certainly neither Augustine, Rousseau, nor Tolstoi has laid bare his soul to the finest fibre with more ruthless sincerity than the great Swedish...

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SOME PROBLEMS OF BUTTERFLIES.

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S EPTEMBER sees the end of the butterfly cycle of the year, and this year the autumn butterflies have been fewer than usuaL A cold, wet summer kills the more delicate insects...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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ULSTER AND THE HOME RULE BILL. [To THE EDITOR 071 THE "SrsoraTor."] SIR,—Since you were kind enough to publish my former letters fuller details of the census in the Province of...

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THE RIGHT OF REBELLION.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOS. " ] SIR,—Mr. Hugh Stutfield's support of Ulster Unionism seems to be based largely on two misapprehensions. He apparently adopts two of the...

THE PANAMA. CANAL ACT.

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(To THE EDITOR OF TEl " SFECTATOB..”) SIR, —Having noted the conservative and dignified, as well as the just treatment (in general) of the Spectator in speaking of American...

SOUTH AFRICA AND HOME RULE.

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[To TEE EDITOR Or T5 "SPECTATOR.") SIR, —The Union of South Africa is being so much quoted by writers and speakers at home as an argument in favour of Home Rule, that it is...

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[To THE EDITOR or THE "SPECTATOR."' SIR,—The Spectator has long

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been regarded in this country as a publication friendly to the United States, not disposed to find evil where evil does not exist. May I ask you, therefore, why the British...

GERMANY'S "PLACE IN THE SUN."

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE "SPECTATOR. " ] Suz,—I have always been under the impression that this phrase was suggested by the celebrated answer attributed to Diogenes the Cynic,...

THE ANGLO-RUSSIAN CONVENTION.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE "SPECTATOR. "] see in your issue of September 7th you state that the Anglo-Russian Convention has enabled us among other things to exercise some check on...

[TO THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."]

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SIR,—My "ma place an soleil" is in Article VI. of the "Pens6es," Section 53. But did the German Emperor go so far back as Pascal P He might have found it in Balzac's " Le...

[To THE EDITOB Or MI u8ractscon-n SIR,--I cannot help regarding

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your article in last week's issue as being unwarranted and superfluous. Your arguments are simply a repetition of those made before Parliament rose, and every one of them was...

TARIFF REFORM.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—The Morning Post in a leading article of September 11th on the labour trouble, says : " Under the German Tariff real wages have risen....

THE MARCONI AGREEMENT.

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tro THE EDITOR Or TIIE "SPECTATOR., SIR,—What is the purport of your article on the "Marconi Agreement" P You want your readers to scuttle out and sell bears. Of course the...

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THE NORTHERN TERRITORY AS A FIELD FOR IMMIGRATION.

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[To THE EDITOR Or TRH "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—We in Australia are hearing more than ever about our " white elephant," the Northern Territory, and as it is possible that attempts may...

ANGLICAN INTOLERANCE.

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[To THE EDITOR or TUC "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—May a former Nonconformist minister now in the Church say a word in reply to "Presbyter's " letter in your last issue ? Nothing is more...

HISTORIC PORTRAITS.

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[TO THE EDITOR Or THE "SPECTATOR-] SIR,—The recent fire at Carden Hall reminds us that every year valuable historic portraits of which we have no duplicates are being destroyed....

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CHARACTER-GIVING.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—Though I think that a character-book, as proposed by "Audi Alteram Partem," is quite unnecessary, I agree that it is even more...

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF CATTLE.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] Sin,—The article in your issue of September 14th on " The Psychology of Cattle " reminds me of the following incident, which proves their...

CHECK-MATE : DERIVATION AND MEANING.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—The Indians had a four-handed game which they called chatranga (Sanskrit chatr=Latin guattuor=four, and Sanskrit anga=rank). The...

[To THE EDITOR OF THR " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Your correspondent of

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September 14th is in error when he writes as follows :—" A servant risks more in taking a situation under an unjust or unreasonable master or mistress than a master or mistress...

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—I read with

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great pain, in last week's Spectator, an account of the intolerance shown by an Anglican clergyman to one of my brother ministers of the Wesleyan Church. Such intolerance is...

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THE PRESCIENCE OF MENCIUS.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] S rE, — Does not the appended extract from the fourth book of Mencius hit off the distinction between statesman and politician ?- "When told...

"TRAMPS THROUGH TYROL."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR. "] Sza,—Your reviewer says of my book "Tramps through Tyrol,' "For though clearly and concisely written it is lacking in sympathy and...

THE MIGHTY MONOSYLLABLE.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR." I SIR,—In his recently published " History of English Litera- ture " Mr. Andrew Lang quotes as follows from " Certayne Notes of Instruction...

A LINK WITH THE PAST.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:] Sin,—A few days ago I saw at Biddlecombe, a farmhouse about a mile and a half from Widecombe, a farmer's wife whose father went when a boy...

FREDERICK ROBERTSON OF BRIGHTON.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. "] SIR,—You speak of Frederick Robertson's lack of humour. Thirty years ago and more, when I was a curate in Brighton, I saw a great deal of...

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BOOKS.

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COWPER'S LETTERS.* Im is an excellent thing that in these unreflective days the devotion of scholars should keep us well supplied with examples of an art which the fierce...

POETRY.

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LUX IN TENEBRIS. THE drear day ringeth to evensong in the dark and murky town, And even we, though not for long, may lay our burdens down. We that are broken and poor and old,...

NOTICE. — When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

ART.

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MR. GORDON CRAIG'S DESIGNS. AT the Leicester Galleries, in Leicester Square, Mr. Gordon Craig is showing a series of scenes in model and sketches for " Hamlet," as he produced...

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NAPOLEON AND KING MURAT.*

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M. Esaareaatatrs book deals with the -relations between Napoleon and Murat :from the Treaty of Bayonne in 1808 till the latter's defeat at Nolentino by-the Austrians ie. 1815....

CYRTNA ME.*

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ENGLISH autobiography is strong tent efaolilier t s - yarns that we 'have in this book ; and we are glad of it. We do not • China Jim Being Incidents and Adventures in the...

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MRS. ROSS'S REMINISCENCES.* , MRS. Ross has written a very delightful

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book, all the more delightful in that it completes the family record begun in her Three Generations of English Women. The daughter of Sir Alexander Duff Gordon and the only...

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ASPECTS OF THE IRISH QUESTION.* MR. Bnooxs is a Home

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Ruler. It would be unfair not to state this at the outset, for in each chapter he asserts the fact with pathetic emphasis. Over and over again his lucidly expressed arguments...

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CANON WILSON'S SERMONS.t CANON Wilson's sermons on the Acts of

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the Apostles are well worth publication in book form. We think it is a pity they were not called lectures, as they are interesting chiefly from the historical and critical point...

THE HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY.*

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THE " Home University Library," besides its other services to the reading public, is contriving to introduce a certain number of volumes on subjects which have not hitherto been...

THE LANGUAGE OF NORMANDY.* .

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THE study of the early history of a language, especially of one so nearly connected with our own as the French language, appears to gain in general popularity year by year. By...

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LIMITED MONARCHY.*

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IN this illuminating series of studies Professor Burton Adams has set himself the task of investigating not the whole machine'' , and development of the English Constitution,...

FICTION.

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THE TURNSTILE.* Discussiox of an author's private life is out of place in a review, but perhaps in the case of Mr. Mason one may be allowed without offence to express...

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SOME BOOKS. OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heading les notice such Books of the week as hare not been reserved for review, in- other-formsj Murray's Handbook for Travellers in Ireland. Eighth edition. Edited...

Bellows' Getman Dictionary. By NM Bellows. (Longmans and Co. Os.

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net.)—Bellows' French Dictionary is become such a house- -hold word that the appearance of this companion volume is sure of a wide welcome. The book (which is at-present only...

Yonder. By E. H. Young. (W. Heinemann. es.)—.This is a

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serious piece of good work, and if the strain is sometimes over- wrought it is relieved by the realized atmosphere of mountains and winds. The story deals with two families. In...

Ruanatua gowns. — The Mammy, By -Riccardo Stephens. !(Eveleigh Nash. -68.)—Thia is

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not a supernatural story, as the -reader will imagine at tire-beginning, but an account of a elever and unscrupulous criminal who hides- his crime behind the supposed...

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Naw Mimi:mi. — The First and Chief Ga'owndes of Architecture. By John

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Shute. A facsimile of the first edition, with an introduc- tion by Lawrence Weaver. (Country Life. 15s. net.)—Originally published in 1563, this book is the first known English...

PUrilanism andLiberty (English Historical Science Books). By S. E. Winbolt

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and Kenneth Bell. (G: Bell and Sons. is. net.)— This new volume of Messrs. Winbolt and Bell's excellent series is fully up to the standard of its predecessors. The existence of...

The Horse and its Relatives. By R. Lydekker, P.R.S. Illus-

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trated. (George Allen and Co. 10s. 6d. net.)—This book is a treatise on the physical characteristics of various breeds of horses, of their ancestry, and of the several living...

Boswell's Autobiography. (Chatto and Windus. 12s. 6d. net.)—By Boswell's autobiography

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Mr. Percy FitzGerald means the auto- biographical touches which Boswell put into his great book. Boswell wrote the book to aggrandize himself—that is our author's theory. The...