24 DECEMBER 1927

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In our first leading article we have written about the

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astonishing debate on the Prayer Book Measure in the House of Commons on Thursday, December 15th. We have pointed out that the wholly unexpected rejection of the Measure was...

It will be noted at once that the Joint-Conference will

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be rather anomalous in so far as it will be between the official body of trade unionism and an unofficial group of employers. The logical procedure would have been for the...

At present there seem to be divided opinions as to

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whether a large Joint-Conference is the best machinery, or whether both sides ought to rely upon negotiations in the individual trades. Sir Josiah Stamp has repeatedly pointed...

News of the Week

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N 0 better omen for industrial peace has appeared than the whole-hearted decision of the General Council of the Trades Union Congress to accept the invitation of a large group...

EDITORIAL AND PITRLISHTNO OFFICES: 13 York Street, Covent Carden, London,

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W.C. 2. — A Subscription to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The SPECTATOR i8 registered as a Newspaper. The Postage...

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When Parliament, in 1919, passed the Enabling Act it definitely

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preferred practical convenience to academic theory. The point was that Parliament no longer had the time or the knowledge for directing the affairs of the Church, and it was...

Profound sympathy has been felt here with the Americans who

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are mourning the loss, apparently with all lives, of Submarine 54. The submarine was rammed last Saturday by the Coastguard-Destroyer ' Paulding ' off the Massachusetts coast....

The sugar refining industry which is carried on in Greenock,

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Liverpool and London is evidently hard hit by the beet sugar subsidy. A special correspondent of the Times says that at Greenock three out of five refineries have been closed ;...

The House of Commons on Wednesday passed the third reading

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of the Indian Church Bill. Lord Winterton explained on December 16th that the Bill was a necessary pendant to the independence already granted to the Anglican Church in India....

The forthcoming visit to Europe of the King of Afghanistan

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is a remarkable event. It is a deliberate part . of the King's policy ; he desires to modernize his fanatical country. His passing through India was the occasion of...

The latest Treaty between Britain and Iraq has been laid

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before Parliament. It marks a further stage in the evolution of what was at first a mandated territory under strict protection and guidance. In the new Treaty Iraq is described...

Mr. James MacNeill, the High Commissioner of the Free State

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in London, is to succeed Mr. Healy as Governor- General of the Free State. This is a very happy choice. Mr. Healy has been very successful, and will be difficult to follow, but...

Again it may be objected that in spite of the

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sanction of the Ecclesiastical Committee the new Prayer Book does actually trespass upon the Reformation settlement by making the Holy Communion rather more Romish. As everybody...

Those last words might be bent to his own sense

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by a believer in Transubstantiation. The Consecration Prayer in the new Book makes the communicants pray that the consecrated elements "may be unto us the body and blood, of Thy...

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The beet factories have naturally prospered, but the farmers have

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apparently not enjoyed their share of the prosperity. The subsidy is .paid on the manufactured sugar, and the farmer has to make the best terms he can with the factories when he...

On Tuesday in the House of Lords the Road Transport

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Lighting Bill passed through the Committee stage, and was reported to the House. It brings us at last within measurable distance of having every kind of vehicle that Moves upon...

An influential non-party deputation visited the Home Secretary on Wednesday

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to draw his attention to the spread of greyhound racing with extremely evil results. The greyhound courses are petits cheraux tables increased to nightmare size. The sport means...

The announcement by the War Office that the rank and

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file of the Regular Army will in future be allowed to "walk out" in the various command areas in civilian clothes is a striking tribute to the Army's high standard of conduct....

Bank Rate, 41 per cent., changed 1 rom 5 per

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cent., on April 21st, 1927. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 100 ; on Wednesday week 101 & ; a year ago 1001. Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 8C4; on...

An appeal has been lodged against the important decision, given

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in the King's Bench Division last week. that the sub-letting of rooms in a house by a statutory tenant is illegal. Mr. Justice Shearman and Mr. Justice Finlay, in the King's...

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Parliament and the Prayer Book

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T HE rejection of the Prayer Book Measure by the House of Commons on December 15th was as dramatic as it was unexpected. In common with all who have been working for the...

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The Downfall of Bolshevism in China

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W HEN the Chinese Nationalist Party, or Kuomintang, which was originally based on Canton, allowed itself to be organized and inspired by Russian Bolshevists, we pointed out that...

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DIRECT subscribers who are changing their addresses are asked to

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notify The SPECTATOR Office BEFORE MIDDAY ON MONDAY , OF EACH WEEK. The previous address to which the paper has been sent and receipt number should be quoted.

France and Italy s IGNOR MUSSOLINI has a way of agreeably

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disappointing those who expect him to behave like the Kaiser. He may talk big and make dangerous claims in a general way, but at the last moment he has usually been found on the...

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In a Brig a Hundred Years Ago VI RS. CHARLES

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BRUCE MARRIOTT, who writes -OA- under the name of Ida_ Lee, came into possession of a journal describing the voyage of the Caroline ' * to Van Diemen's Land and Batavia in...

The Week in Parliament

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T HE debate on the Prayer Book in the House of Commons has been so fully recorded in the daily Press that I shall make no more than a brief reference to it here. From the point...

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"The King of Kings " T HERE is no sound argument against

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the dramatic presentation of sacred scenes. But there is every argument against such a presentation as is to be seen in the film The King of Kings at Covent Garden. It is easy...

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The Goose, and the Bergen Convoy

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Another Most Miserable Day TF it had not been for our Christmas dinner beforehand I should, most probably, have forgotten the miseries of that day by now ; they would have been...

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The A B C of Christmas

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" DON'T know whether you're aware of it," said S, -I- addressing his colleagues of the Alphabet, "but this is my busiest time of the whole year." " Indeed ? " inquired a rather...

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A Carol

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WINTER winds have chilled us quite— With a hey ! for the goose, and the holly berry red : Out in the starlit, snow-white night, Sorry waifs are we that have long an-hungered :...

The Theatre

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[" MARCH HARES." BY H. W. GRIBBLE. AT THE AMBASSADORS THEATRE.---:" GOOD MORNING, BILL ! " BY P. G. WODEIIOUSE. AT THE DUKE OF YORK'S THEATRE.] THESE two plays provide exactly...

Mus i c

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[ENGLISH MUSIC: FESTIVAL. IN PRAGUE] THERE are increasing signs that the attitude of Continental' criticism towards contemporary English music is changing. Formerly that...

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The League of Nations

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Some Aspects of the League WE may consider at once the central purpose of the League, that of preventing war. A recollection of the Greco- Bulgarian situation will serve to...

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WiLkT A COW SHOULD YIELD.

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A point of great interest is the steady growth in yield of the cows. For myself I had just been investigating—for a separate purpose—the history of the first co-operative move-...

AN EDUCATIVE BEE.

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• A small and simple German book was given me recently, with the note that it was officially recommended for use throughout the elementary schools of Austria. It is a rather...

WINTER SPRAYS.

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Bishop Berkeley, that great idealistic philosopher, who interrupted his proper studies to preach the universal virtues of coal-tar products—even he was less enthusiastic on the...

Country Life

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A DAIRY TRIUMPH. If anyone wishes to focus the chief problems of husbandry in England to-day he should go to Marlborough or its neigh- bourhood. Up on the neighbour downs is a...

THE WEXCOMBE FARM.

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Mr. Hosier bought a derelict property of 1,000 acres in 1922. What he paid for it I do not know, but land thereabouts has sold recently for as little as 15 an acre freehold,...

AGENTS IN RECLAMATION.

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The prime value of this Wiltshire experiment—or perhaps demonstration is a better word—is that it provides what every reformer has been seeking, a recipe for the worst lands....

POVERTY BOT1J.M.

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The author of the new system is Mr. Hosier, of Wexcombe House, Marlborough. New though his experiment is, it is already celebrated. Mr. Hosier has done in one sort of farming...

It is astonishing how husbandry, properly practised, may restore virtue

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to land. I heard of one very remarkable and unexpected example in Belgium many years ago. A space of sand having nothing but a few fir trees was used as a fowl- run by...

THE VICE OF CODDLING.

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It is probable that most domestic animals are too much coddled. On the most perfectly equipped farm I ever saw— it was financed by one of the Dreyfuses, near Paris—a very...

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Letters to the Editor

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BRITISH-AMERICAN RELATIONS . [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I do not know whether I can claim to be a member of the educated classes for whom Mr. Wolfferstan speaks in...

PRAYER BOOK REJECTION [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The

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rejection of the Prayer Book Measure will have results beyond the confines of the Church. The failure of the large Conservative majority to uphold Constitutional Government will...

THE DRINK TRADE AND CARLISLE • [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] • a Carlisle resident who has iio financial interest whatever in the liquor trade, and no personal axe to grind, I should like to put before you what I know to...

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WOMEN AND SLUM TENANTS [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—References that I made recently to the existence in slums of a type of tenants who are destructive and dirty has .aroused an interesting correspondence. Before replying to...

TRANSATLANTIC AVIATION [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The desire

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to advance the science of aeronautics, coupled in many instances with the glory attaching to pioneer efforts, has led during the past year to many disastrous attempts to span...

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"HANGING JOHNNY " [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Fin,--Your

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correspondent, R. Richardson, is right in saying that miscarriages of justice seldom come to light in capital crimes, but he is wrong in inferring that, therefore, they never...

"THE JUDGMENT OF FRANCOIS VILLON " [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Your reviewer in criticizing my historical play, .The Judgment of Frani:cm' Villon, writes that " Isn't it lovely to see you again ? ' seems an entirely...

THINGS THAT HAVE INFLUENCED ME [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Are books the only things that shape, intellectually, people's minds and personalities ? Your researches into the influences which formed the past and present...

FOX-HUNTING [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sfa,—The real issue,

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it has always seemed to me, is : Do foxes enjoy their lives as a whole ? Is there, even for the fox who is killed in the end, a balance of happiness ? If so, the case against...

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Poetry

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The Stranger A STRANGE star told to Pan His kingdom was over ; Terror, bewilderment, ran Through drove and the drover ; His jolly oaten pipe He left unsounded ; Satyr, Silenus...

THE GULLDHOUSE, ECCLESTON SQUARE

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[To the Editor of the SrEeraron.] SIR,—The Guildhouse, Eccleston Square, has in its seven years of work made many friends outside the number of its regular congregation. Will...

HOSPITALS AND MEMORIAL DONATIONS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—TO at least one other practical spirit besides your norrespondent, Major Oppenheim, it occurred that the desire to render "unavailing...

STOATS AND BIRDS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—An instance similar to that described on the "County Life" cage of your issue of December 10th, under the heading, "The Blackbird and the...

THE ACADEMY PICTURE, " MORNING " IN our issue of

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December 10th our Art critic wrote that the picture, Morning, by Mrs. Dod Procter, was bought by the Chantrey Bequest for the nation. This, as several corre- spondents have been...

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The volume of Memories which the Archbishop a Wales has

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written (Murray, 12s.) will be read with keen interest by Churchmen and Nonconformists alike. The venerable prelate, now in his eightieth year, was the protagonist of the Church...

The title of Mr. W. J. Lawrence's work, The Physical

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Con- ditions of the Elizabethan Public Playhouse (Humphrey Milford and the Harvard University Press, 7s. 6d.), sufficiently explains its contents. It is a highly technical book,...

A New Competition

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TILE Editor offers a prize of five guineas for the best article of not more than seven hundred words on "New Year Resolutions." All contributions must be sent in by Monday,...

Mrs. Philip Martineau has written a very pleasant book in

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Caviare to Candy (Cobden Sanderson, 7s. .6d.). There are menus here from all parts of the world, and the first chapter is entitled "Cooks, Mistresses and Imagination." She...

The most interesting of the " Leaves " which make

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up this entirely sincere autobiography, Leaves from My Life, by Sir Herbert Barker (Hutchinson and Co., 21s.), reproduces the portrait of the author by Mr. Augustus...

Ceylon Past and Present (Hurst and Blackett, illustrated, 21s.), by

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Major Enriquez, furnishes, in the somewhat ugly formalism of 416 numbered paragraphs, a digested account of the geology, human history, zoology (especially of butterflies), and...

An old subscriber in Belfast, Mr. David E. Lowry, sends

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an Interesting booklet on the Norsemen and Danes of Strangford Lough, reprinted from the Proceedings of the Belfast Natural History Society (Belfast : John Adams. is. 6d.). Few...

Dr. Haden Guest writes with an inside knowledge of the

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Labour Movement, and in Where is Labour Going? (Cape, 5s.) tells us very clearly and forcibly how the extremists of his late party are ruining it. Its practical incapacity will...

Those extraordinarily interesting glands, the endocrines, whose functions in regard

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to the body have opened up a new world in medical practice, are comprehensibly dealt with by Dr. Brown in The Endocrines (Consta ble. 7s. &U. The book is too technical for...

Short Story Competition

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WE have pleasure in announcing a somewhat difficult competition for those of our readers who have a literary turn of mind. The Editor offers a prize of twenty guineas for trie...

Some Books of the Week

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CONTROVERSY will always rage—lap, rather—round the • question of a genius's earliest literary works, whether they should be raked up and published or not ; and admirers of De...

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Who Was the Mother of Earth ?

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Possible Worlds, and other Essays. By J. B. S. Haldane. (Chatto and Windw3. is. 6d.) FIVE hundred million years ago, Mr. Haldane tells us, our ancestors were fish of a primitive...

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Admiral Cornwallis and Unpublished Nelson Letters

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The Life and Letters of Admiral Cornwallis. By G. Corn- wallis-West. (Holden. 30s.) TIIE Life of Admiral Cornwallis has been unwritten till now, but a lucky discovery of his...

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U-Rhodes, Inkosi N'kulu

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Rhodes : a Life. By J. G. McDonald. Illustrited. (Allan. 2IS.) THERE used to be attached to the Great Kraal of every paramount Kafir chief an official known as the praiser,...

Are Women Intelligent ?

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This is Mr. Geoffrey Sainsbury's first book, so far as we know. In it he reveals himself as a powerful thinker and, on the whole, an attractive writer. There is, in our opinion,...

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Sir Thomas More

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The Saga and the Myth of Sir Thomas More. By Professor R. W. Chambers. (H. Mill ord for the British Academy. 2s. 6d.) The Dialogue Concerning Tyndale. By Sir Thomas Moire....

Military Missionaries

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The Staff and the Staff College. By Major A. R. Godwin- Austen, M.O. Illustrated. (Constable. 21s.) " Good gracious ! uncle, what is That, With red and gold upon his hat ? . ....

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Fiction

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Old and New Horrors The Necromancer : or the Tale of the Black Forest. Translated from the German of Lawrence Flammenberg. By Peter Tenthold. (Robert Holden. is. 6d.) More...

,Current Literature

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THE CORNISH MINER. By A. K. Hamilton Jenkin. (Allen and Unwin. 12s. 6d.)—All Cornishmen will enjoy this book. It gives a glimpse of a race apart, living under circum- stances...

THE PORTRAIT OF SIR JOHN SOANE, R.A. By Arthur T.

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Bolton. (Sir John Soane's Museum. 16s.)—The Curator of the Soanc Museum has not given us a portrait of Sir John Soane, but a group picture of the circle in which he lived, in...

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: HISTORY OF THE 53rd (WELSH, T.F.) DIVISION :. 1914-18.

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By Major C. H. Dudley Ward, D.S.O., M.C. Illus- trated. (Western Mail. 12s. 641., post free).—It is a pleasure to greet the appearance of a sound, workmanlike book. Major Ward's...

Insurance

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LONDON LIFE AND METROPOLITAN. Tim announcement that the Metropolitan Life is to be associated with the London Life and Clergy Mutual is one of unusual interest. All three are...

General Knowledge Questions

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The prize of one guinea, which the Editor offers each week . tor the best thirteen general knowledge questions, has been awarded this week to Mr. C. G. MacDonald, for the...

- A SURVEY OF MODERNIST POETRY. By Laura Riding and

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Robert Graves. (Heinemann. 7s. 6d. net.)— It is not easy to see what Mr. Robert Graves and Miss Laura Riding hoped for in writing this book. In part, it is an. attempt to gain...

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LORD HEWART ' S VIEWS.

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I have made this brief reference to Mr. Snowden's remarks merely by way of emphasizing what seems to me to be the great peril of the moment, namely, the determin- ation of...

Financial Notes

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ACTIVE INDUSTRIALS—A RALLY IN RAILS. ALTHOUGH, as mentioned in another column, British Funds are closing the year in cheerful fashion, public interest continues to centre in...

WHY GOVERNMENT STOCKS ARE NOT HIGHER.

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In this connexion, I observe that some of the daily journals during the past week have been rather inclined to force the pace with regard to British Funds, and to suggest that,...

Finance—Public and Private

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British Credit and National Expenditure BY no means for the first time in Stock Exchange experi- ence, the year seems to be closing with general cheerful- ness in securities....

THE RISE IN EXPENDITURE.

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_ Still more important, however, is the fact that the National Expenditure, which some four years ago had shown a tendency to decline, has since steadily advanced, so that,...

THE SURTAX.

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Confronted with a demand from the Socialists to declare his views on the policy of a Surtax, Mr. Snowden has, I observe, approved the principle of the tax, but, at the same...

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A PROSPEROUS TOBACCO COMPANY.

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There seems to be no limit to the earning power of Carreras, Limited. Notwithstanding the fact that for last year the company had to pay upon a capital one-half as much again as...

* * * *

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New SOUIR WALES RESULTS. III view of the criticism offered in, certain quarters with • regard to the extent of New South Wales borrowing it is _scarcely surprising that the...

A hopeful note was struck at the recent meeting of

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the Aerated Bread Company, which was described by the chairman, Sir Charles Cattier, as epoch-making in the fortunes of the company. Confirmation was given at the meeting of the...

Judging from the Reports recently issued of certain leading companies,

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it looks as though the old phrase "there's nothing like leather" would have to give place to "there's nothing like tobacco." The report of the British American Tobacco Co....

INDUSTRIAL CO-OPERATION.

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It is (rood news to learn at the moment of going to press that the General Council of the T.U.C. has decided to accept the invitation to confer on the future of industry with...