24 SEPTEMBER 1921

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NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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A PLENTIFUL shower of correspondence between Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. De Valera has followed the drought in the negotiations which we recorded last week. Explicitly, Mr. De...

On the same day Mr. De Valera telegraphed that he

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had already accepted an invitation to the conference, and that he did not ask Mr. Lloyd George " to abandon any principle, even in- formally." " But, surely," he added, " you...

Immediately Mr. Lloyd George knew that this letter had been

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published in Dublin he telegraphed a letter to Mr. De Valera cancelling the proposed conference at Inverness. In this letter he pointed out that he had informed the Sinn Fein...

On Monday Mr. Lloyd George telegraphed that Mr. De Valera's

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letter had not modified the claim that the Irish delegates should be regarded as the representatives of " a sovereign and independent State." Mr. Lloyd George called Mr. De...

On Friday evening, September 18th, Mr. Do Valera telegraphed another

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letter to Mr. Lloyd George, in which he said : " I am surprised that you do not see that, if we on our side accepted the conference on the basis of your letter of September 7th...

Mr. Lloyd George returned to the charge last Saturday (Sep-

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tember 17th), when he. pointed out that it would be stile to say that a conference in which the Irish delegates appeared as representatives of an independent and sovereign State...

Mr. De Valera's letter in which he accepted the conference

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and then refused the one condition on which the conference was offered was published in London on Thursday evening, Septem- ber 15th. He began by saying, " We have no hesitation...

TO OUR READERS.

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Readers experiencing difficulty in obtaining the Spectator " regularly and promptly through the aboli- tion of the Sunday post or other causes should become yearly subscribers,...

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At the resumed sitting of the Ulster Parliament on Monday,

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Sir James Craig, the Prime Minister, made a statement which was worthy of the part which the Ulster leaders have always played. It was direct, sincere, manly, and perfectly...

The Moplah rebellion in Malabar, it now appears, is still

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serious. At the end of last week 3,000 rebels were under arms in the hills, where it is difficult for troops to operate. Govern- ment buildings were burned down, and the...

The notorious Indian Moslem agitators, Mahomed Ali and his brother

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Shaukat Ali, were arrested last week, with some lesser firebrands. Mr. Montagu's patience seemed inexhaustible, but Lord Reading has apparently persuaded him that the Brothers...

The Council of the League of Nations on Tuesday discussed

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the dispute between Poland and Lithuania over Vilna. It persuaded Lithuania to accept the compromise devised by M. Hymens, who would make Vilna an autonomous province of...

It is good to know that the American and Japanese

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Govern- ments have come to an agreement about the ex-German islet of Yap, in the Pacific, for which Japan received a mandate from the Allied Powers. The Americans are to have...

With simple candour Sir James Craig then explained his whole

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line of thought. If the invitation had been refused, the action of the North might have been taken as a model by the South. The South might have said : " If the North won't go...

Lord Curzon expressed his profound disappointment at the failure of

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the Bolsheviks to fulfil their promises. They seemed unable to realize, he said, that, so long as they indulged in "inflammatory invective " against British institutions and...

On Monday, in reply to the message just summarized, Mr.

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De Valera telegraphed yet another letter. It opened with a state- ment which, in our opinion, should be taken up by Mr. Lloyd George, for it puts on record the fact that Mr. De...

In a Note published on Wednesday, Lord Curzon asked Chicherin,

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the Bolshevik Foreign Minister, for a definite assur- ance that the Bolsheviks would cease from their hostile activities, especially on the Indian frontier. Lord Curzon reminded...

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They have done so without a thought of national security,

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though incidentally they have pointed the way to that end. With the name of the potato we must couple that of the pig. After all, all that is required is to emphasize a fact...

The Royal Commission on the importation of - Canadian store. cattle

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reported last week in favour of reversing the well-tried policy of a quarter of a century and admitting the cattle. The five commissioners, headed by Lord Finlay, were unbiased...

The Washington correspondent of the Times stated on Tuesday that

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Mr. Luker, the chairman of the American Shipping Board, intended to propose an additional duty of 10 per cent. on goods brought from a foreign country by ships belonging to...

The Greek army in,Asia, Minor last week suspended its advance

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on Angora and retired some distance to the westward of the Saka,ria, river. The Turks hailed this retirement as a victory for them. They have, however, failed to hinder the...

Dr. Maenamara informed the Grocers' Federation on Monday that he

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- wotdd appoint a committee under the chairmanship of Lord Cave to inquire into the working of the Trade Boards. He said that while the Boards were not seriously criticized up...

The Commissioners expressed the belief that the danger lest the

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Canadian cattle should introduce disease into Great Britain was imaginary, as there had been no cattle disease in Canada for thirty years. Further, they declared that " with...

It was stated on Wednesday that the American Government had

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put forward a tentative list of subjects for discussion at the Washington Conference in November. The limitation of naval armaments was placed first. Then came the question of...

Elsewhere we have written about a remarkable and, as it

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seems to us, a very important paper about the cultivation of potatoes which was read to the British Association by Lord Bledisloe. We supported the Corn Production Acts because...

The Cabinet committee on unemployment agreed on Friday, September 16th,

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to propose to Parliament that the State should assist local authorities in providing work for the unemployed. The State should pay half the interest on local loans raised for...

Bank Bate, 51 per cent., changed frora'd per vent. July

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21. 1921; per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 88i ; Thursday week, 882 ; a year ago, Sit.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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A CONFERENCE IN ANY CASE. T HE co respondence which has been going on between Mr. Lloyd George and Mr. De Valera is of that kind which fills with despair the ordinary Englishman...

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THE MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND THE TRADE BOARDS.

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T HE Trade Boards have been getting into trouble, as we always feared that they would. Instead of helping the luckless and depressed worker " according to plan," they do him a...

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"LET THE SKY RAIN POTATOES ! "

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— Merry Wives, Act V., Scone 5. W E have often pointed out that our home-grown food supply might be easily increased if the British farmer would turn his attention to potatoes...

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UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE OR POOR RELIEF ?

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W HAT the country expects from the Cabinet Com- mittee on Unemployment is not a temporary expedient for getting over the difficulty of this winter, but some appreciation at...

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GENERAL POST.

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T O the householder of to-day the space of time between Lady Day and September 29th seems terribly short. Quarter days come round with ever-increasing celerity. Not long ago the...

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THE PAWN. T HE Almighty, it seems, will adopt the humblest

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of his creatures as the agent of His will. There was the case of the Purbiah, Balu syce, a docile, obedient Little automaton, barely five feet in height, of an intense ebony...

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FINANCE—PUBLIC AND PRIVATE.

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THE CITY AND UNEMPLOYMENT. [To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR. " ] Sin,—I need scarcely say that the City is in sympathy with, and is prepared to give its support to, any sound...

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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AMERICAN AND BRITISH SHIPPING.--comPETrriox OR CO-OPERATION ? (To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. "] 61'4—Shall British and American shipping compete or co-operate ? Our...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read,and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the spaCe.] THE AGRICULTURAL WAGE AND THE...

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AMERICA AND THE DRINK QUESTION.

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• [To THE EDITOR 07 THE " SPZCTATOR."] Sra,—As an American who has just spent two months in Great Britain, permit me to call attention to certain facts re pro- hibition which I...

SELF-DETERMINATION IN IRELAND.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR...I Sia,—For a long time past I have read - with interest your state- ments of the argument that, if self-determination should be recognized in...

THE CHURCHES AND THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. [To THE EDITOR OF

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THE " SPECTATOE."] Sia,—The large and growing number of earnest workers in the cause of Temperance reform who have for sonic time resented the claim of a certain section of the...

RELIEF FOR THE UNEMPLOYED.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTAT011."] have read with the very greatest interest the article " Relief for the Unemployed" published in your last issue. I sympathize with the...

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INDUSTRIAL BANKING IN AMERICA.

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[To THE EDITOR Or TIE " SPECTATOR.") Sia, — Less than twelve years ago industrial banking was unknown in the United States. The character and earning capacity of the working...

A MOTHER'S LAMENT,

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(To THE EMMA or THE "SPECTATOR.") Sta,—Having read in your issues of August 27th and Sep- tember 3rd the two letters on " Midwives and Infant Feeding," I should like to voice a...

FRIENDS' EMERGENCY AND WAR VICTIMS' RELIEF COMMITTEE.

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[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.") Ste,—In order to supplement the information given in your article of September 17th, may I remind your readers that my Committee has been...

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(To THE EDITOR OP TUE " SPECTA TOR "I Sra,—In

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your issue of September 17th you publish a letter from Shepway, Lympne, Kent, asking for information as to an unfamiliar insect. The creature in question is the humming- bird...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR ."1 SIR,—You have

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been good enough to publish short corre- spondence based on the articles on natural history which are a feature of your excellent paper. The letters on badgers and weasels added...

ITO THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR. "I

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Sia,—My observations of the nightjar, continuous for many years, have led me to conclusions different in many points from those given by Mr. Gordon. He says, for instance, that...

AN UNFAMILIAR INSECT.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR." 3 Sza,—The insect described in the Spectator of last week is evidently the not uncommon humming-bird hawk-moth. The amber wings are the lower...

THE FERN-OWL.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR. " 1 Sie,—In your most interesting article on fern-owls (nightjars) the writer says : " She is said to remove her eggs or young when they have...

THE CENSUS RETURNS.

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(To THE EDITOR OP THE " SPECTATOR.", SIR, —In your notes upon the Census returns, after treating of the decrease in the County of London with the countervailing increase in the...

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POETRY.

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THE HUNCHBACK OF THE TWILIGHT. I THAT fly by night, Fluttering out at the fall of darkness From the agelong twilight Of the old rafters in the barn, And circling wildly in the...

GUILD OF CHURCH AND EMPIRE- AND THE " SPECTATOR."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIE,—Do you think any of your readers would be willing to send en their copy of the Spectator to a clergyman overseas every week? Our Guild...

BOOKS.

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HISTORY OF THE PORT OF LONDON.* A rum history of the Port of London has long been needed, and Sir Joseph Broodbank, who was formerly Chairman of the Dock and Warehouse...

BEE WINE.

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[To TEL EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."' SIR,—At the house of a cottager in my parish the other clay I saw bee wine in the course of being made. The good woman had several glass...

THE NEW LICENSING ACT.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 THE " SPECTATOR."' Ste,—It is curious how little notice has been taken of what seems to me the most important provision in the new Licensing Act. At a time...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—I see in

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your last Saturday's issue a number of letters with " Bee Wine " for their subject-matter. The organism causally connected with the fermentation actions that produce this liquid...

AN UNFAMILIAR INSECT.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " Sezertroa."3 • Sta,—The moth described by your correspondent answers fairly accurately to Macroglossa stellatarum, the humming-bird hawk-moth. It is a...

The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any article, poems, or

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letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do kis . be!st to return contribution q in case of resection. Perms should be addressed to...

NOTICE.—.When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the...

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HOW WAGES ARE FIXED.* Mn. Mama, the chairman of Messrs.

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Cammell, Laird, and Co., is well known as one of those far-sighted and humane employers who are trying to promote better relations between Capital and Labour. His address before...

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A TREATISE ON PROBABILITY.* Tae general reader will find Professor

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Keynes's new- book at once attractive and difficult. In the first place, he will be repelled by pages upon pages of figures—equations hair-raising to the man who is out of...

THE RAIDERS OF THE SARHAD.*

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GENERAL DYER. has written a most spirited account of his campaign against some nomad tribes on the frontier of South- East Persia and Baluchistan in 1916. As an example of what...

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THE CONTROL OF LIFE.*

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PURE science has always been regarded by myopic utilitarians as something insufficiently concerned with human interests, an impudent evasion of the " proper study of mankind."...

DR. FREUD'S NEW BOOK.t

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DR. FREUD'S latest book is intended for the uninitiated, and to estimate its effectiveness we must consider what would be its impact upon a fresh mind. Not perhaps upon a person...

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My South Sea Sweetheart. By Beatrice Grimahaw. (Hurst and Blackett.

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8s. 6d. net.)—Anyone who indulges in a passion for caves and islands—and there are more people who suffer from nostalgia for both these objects than may • Good Grain. By...

FICTION.

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GOOD GRAIN.• THERE is certainly no intrinsic reason why this novel should be reviewed, but a considerable external interest is given to it since it is " the £500 prize novel "...

WELSH MONUMENTS.* The cataloguing of our ancient monuments, in the

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widest sense, is making progress in Wales, as in England and in Scotland. The Welsh Commission, headed by Sir E. Vincent Evans, has just issued its sixth folio volume, devoted...

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READABLE NOVELS.—By Olive and Fir. By Anna de Bary. (Daniel

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O'Connor. 8s. 6d. net.)—A quiet romance of Italy and the Tyrol. Mariano, a dilettante by nature but a mystic by grace, renounces Philippa and love for a higher vocation.—The...

POETS AND POETRY; A NEW LIFE OF GAY.* To most

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of us there hangs about much of Gay's work some- thing of the charm which so delighted his contemporaries— a charm so potent as even to win him the love of Swift. Dr. Johnson in...

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The Wanderings of a Spiritualist. By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.

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(Hodder and Stoughton. 12s. 6d. net.)—This account of a lecturing tour in Australia and New Zealand is a compound of notes of travel—always candid and often amusing—and of...

—The late Mr. Dallas, who was on the staff of

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the Oxford English Dictionary, collected a formidable mass of material for this family history, which a friend has been good enough to print. The family takes its name from a...

The Making of an Optimist. By Hamilton Fyfe. (Leonard Parsons.

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12s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Fyfe tells us that he was dis. illusioned by the war and the peace negotiations, and that ho seeks a New Order based on the essential teaching of Chris-...

Poses WORTHY Os' CONSIDERATION.—Jericho Street. By Wallace B. Nichols. (Grant.

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Richards. 5s. net.)—There is something unfortunately prosaic about much of the verse in this volume. However, the analysis of Jericho Street, where at least one of the...

The British and Foreign Bible Society has published its hundred

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and seventeenth Report (Bible House, Is.), contain- ing the usual interesting accounts of the Society's work in many lands. Bolshevik Russia is at present closed to the Bible,...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this column does not necessarily preclude , subsequent review.] A Gallant of Lorraine. By IL Noel Williams. 2 vols. (Hurst and Blackett. 28s. net.)—The Marechal de...

Insects and Human Welfare. By C. T. Brum (Harvard University

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Press and H. Milford. 10s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Brues, a well-known Harvard entomologist, has written an instructive essay to show the ordinary reader that the study of insects is...

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Pallesrm of the Isles. By Mary H. Debenham. (Milford. 4s.

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net.)—Another biography of Bishop Patteson would seem superfluous, for the story of his life has been so well told by his cousin, Miss Charlotte M. Yonge. Miss Debenham has...

Mithraism and Christianity. By L. Patterson. (Cambridge University Press. 63.

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net.)—The mysterious Persian cult which was popular at Rome from the first to the fourth century, and which had votaries in the garrisons on the Roman Wall in Northumberland, is...

Messrs. Leslie Chaundy have added to their interesting series of

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Bibliographies of Modern Authcrs (Is. 6d. each) a pamphlet dealing with the work of Mr. George Moore, compiled by Mr. I. A. Williams. " I feel as much shocked at my literary...

The Alliance of Honour, at 112 City Road, E.C., has

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issued a new and revised edition of Dr. F. Arthur Sibly's sensible pamphlet on Private Knowledge for Boys (6d.), which may be commended to the attention of parents.

Old London Town. Illustrated and Described by Will Owen. (Bristol

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: Arrowsmith. 5s. net.)—These sixty or so sketches of interesting and little-known parts of London range from Strand- on-the-Green, where Zoffany lived for a time, to Wapping...

Westminster Abbey. Its Memories and its Message. By Mary Sturgeon.

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With an etched frontispiece and fifteen drawings by Louis Weirter, R.B.A. (Harrap. 20s. net.)—Westminster Abbey is regarded by English-speaking peoples as a symbol of the race,...

The Cambridge University Press has begun to issue a series

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of Cambridg3 Plain Texts in Italian, with brief introductions by Professor Thomas Okey (1s. 6d. net each). The first five are selections from Rosmini's Cinque Pia2he della...