24 SEPTEMBER 1927

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Much work, less conspicuous than that of. the full Assembly,

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has been carried on by Committees at Geneva. The international campaign against malaria goes on well in many places, including our own damp country. In another committee the...

s the three elected members were Cuba with 43 votes ;

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Fililand (33) and Canada (26). Greece and Portugal also goi substantial numbers of votes. -America is already represented on the Council by Chile and Colombia. The election of...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLISHING OFFICES : .13 York Street, Covent Garden,

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London, W.C. 2.—A Subscription to the SPECTATOR costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The SPECTATOR is registered as a Newspaper. The...

News of the Week

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O N Thursday, September 15th, the Assembly of the League of Nations elected three non-permanent members of the Council in the place of Belgium, Czecho- Slovakia and Salvador,...

The Council on Friday, September 16th, authorized the further "

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Refugee Loan " which the Finance Com- mittee recommended for Greece, and received a report from Bulgaria for financial advice and help. This was the last session of the old...

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Others besides Mr. Cosgrave are disappointed, or at any rate

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surprised, but the results bear out remarkably the reasonable forecast which our Dublin correspondent wrote last week. What is to follow when the Dail meets. on October 11th ?...

Government .. -• •• •• •• 61 Farmers .. ••

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• 6 Independents •• los 12 Total . , Government group .. 79 Fianna Fail .. 57 • • Labour . . 13 National League .. a Communist .. •• •• 1 Total, Opposition group .. 73

The results have disappointed Mr. Cosgrave, and we, too, regret

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that they have not given him a working majority. We distrust Mr. De Valera both upon his past record and his promises for the future. Yet he has increased his following in...

On Sunday last the imposing War Memorial at Tan- nenberg

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was dedicated by Field-Marshal President von Hindenburg. We cannot complain of Germany's com- memoration of the complete defeat of the gallant Russian troops which made their...

On the whole we desire to see Mr. Cosg,rave attempt

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to win in the Dail the trustworthy working majority that he has failed to win at the polls. With the Fianna Fail party inside the House, with the oath behind them again...

Besides its own complications, the dispute assumes greater importance and

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complication because there are similar difficulties elsewhere. The case has something of the nature of a test case in a court of law. We do not find any fault with disputants...

The Council spent a great deal of time last week

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in discussing this muddle, from which good will on the part of the disputants was conspicuously absent. Sir Austen Chamberlain, as Rapporteur, read the Report of a committee of...

In the Irish Free State Mr. Cosgrave's decision to go

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to the country was expected to prove to be an astute party move of the moment likely to be successful, and also a step to get confirmation from the voters of the only Government...

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We have always regretted that the Treaty should contain an

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" inexact " statement, by which we mean one that is unsuitable for a legal document because it is not one that can be irrefutably proved by words. We believe that Germany's...

There has been a strong demand in France for a

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rupture with Moscow. This implies a despair of ever seeing payment of RuSsia's debts to France, but M. Mille- rand has already publicly supported the demand and apparently M....

Bank Rate, 44 - per cent., changed from 5 per cent.,

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on April 21st, 1927. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesd ay 1024; on Wednesday week 102k ; a year ago 101 1.. Fund i ng Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 87; on Wednesday...

We are promised shortly the results of a literary sur-

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prise of extraordinary interest. It will be remembered that by the merest chance a parcel of James Boswell's letters to W. J. Temple was found at Boulogne some years ago. Now we...

We have lately made no comments on events in China,

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where the fighting and intriguing have lost their excite- ment to those not directly affected, and there is no end in sight. The fall of a dynasty has before in China's long...

We also desire to associate ourselves with the more solemn

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event at Verdun, the inauguration on Wednesday by the Prime Minister of a monument which is in some ways a counterpart to our Merlin Gateway. What Great Britain felt at Ypres...

Once more we have to offer to Japan our sympathy

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with her under a terrible blow frozn the forces of nature. On Tuesday a typhoon swept over the island of Kyushu, on which stands the town of Nagasaki. A supposed submarine...

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The Larger League and the Smaller T HE importance of the

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proceedings at Geneva has been unabated during the past week. We continue to record in other columns the mass of daily work in the Council, the Assembly and the Committees. Here...

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The Rights of the Pedestrian

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T HE citizen who walks in the city streets or the country roads is becoming more and more appre- hensive. He has a traditional belief in his rights as a pedestrian, but,...

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Northern Europe After Fifteen Years

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V.—Finland and Esthonia F INLAND is the most prosperous of the Baltic States created by the War. You get the impres- sion that the Finnish Republic has been built on firm...

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On the Idea of Reincarnation

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- tLady Grey of Fallodon sends us the following contribution, after reading the article by the late John St. Loe Strachey last week.— En. Spectator.] S T. AUGUSTINE was walking...

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" Second Storey Work " or Inspiration ?

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S O Alexandre Dumas the Elder did not create The Three Musketeers ! Paris is discussing the dis- covery, in one of those book boxes along the Seine quay, of a work entitled...

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The Milk of Human Kindness

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O NE evenin g , soon after the War, I was a passen g er in a workmen's train in Italy, which was takin g the employees of the factories and workshops of Spezia to their homes in...

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[" LITTLE EYOLF," PLAYROOM SIX]

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THE terror and tragedy that lie in wait for us in a little house near Oslo (they call it Christiania on the programme) enter superbly with Miss Betty Potter in the middle of a...

Hidden Treasure

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- IT was here in the days of Dutch William of "glorious, pious, and immortal memory " that Captain James buried his family gold and silver. He had a surname too, distinguished...

The Theatre

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[" THE GOLDEN CALF " AT THE GLOBE THEATRE] A SATURNINE and satyrlike Jew (Reuben Manassa) who • enmeshes Miss Margaret Bannerman in his toils, is admirably portrayed by Mr....

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Correspondence

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A LETTER FROM PARIS. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Paris is deeply impressed by the visit of the American Legionaries. Also it is true to say that Paris is amused....

The Cinema

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[" THE BATTLES OF CORONEL AND FALKLAND ISLANDS " AT THE NEW GALLERY CINEMA] .. THIS is undoubtedly the best War film England has yet produced. It is so strong pictorially that...

[" THE SILVER CORD " AT THE ST. MARTIN'S THEATRE]

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THIS play is well off the beaten track, and despite an occasionally tedious first act, is distinctly interesting. The Phelps ménage is a most unhappy one. The one indi- Vidual...

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The League of Nations

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Hard Work at Geneva concentrating in the past week mainly on Women and Children and the Opium Traffic. The discussions on the former interest and importance to the League. In...

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A LATE YEAR.

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Here is a severely accurate description of an autumnal half-hour on the banks of the Lea :— By my little bit of river, Where the mirrored branches shiver, Herb of willow,...

The apparatus is not complicated or expensive. A circular wire

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cage surrounds a cone of hot-water pipes, of an inch diameter, coiled very closely, and the thin end of this cone of spiral pipes is hooded by a dunce's hat of iron. -A fan....

A good many other farmers have been making experiments :

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especially Mr. Borlase Matthews, a great believer in electricity on the farm, and Mr. Tinker. The first worked in Southern England, the second in Scotland. A third is Colonel...

The immense advantages of crop-drying, if feasible, need not be

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elaborated. They are admirably stated under six heads in a Government pamphlet on the subject, issued from the Clarendon Press, though some strong points are there omitted....

I do not .propose—I have not the knowledge—to weigh the

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comparative methods of the different crop-driers. It is enough for the moment to, give the results of one of them. Colonel Lyon this year has dried wheat, oats and barley, and...

Doubtless it has yet to be proved how far any

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crop-drier as yet perfected is economic ; but the cost is certainly not prohibitive and will be cheapened where electricity is available. Such a crop-drier as Colonel Lyon's,...

Country Life

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i A CROP-DRYING TRIUMPH. I SPENT one of the wetter days of this wet season watching every detail, of an ingenious and scientific endeavour to cancel the farmer's chief handicap....

Perhaps the most promising trial of the year was made

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with barley. The barley was carried direct to the crop-drier, which fulfilled all the processes necessary for the grain. When it was threshed after some twenty-four hours in the...

First, a word as to the history of crop-driers. The

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first British patent was taken out in the 'sixties. Twenty years later Mr. Martin Sutton offered £100 for the best design. Two years ago, after many trials, a portable...

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I have been reading

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the letters concerning the Sacco- Vanzetti case in your issue of September 17th. As one who followed the case carefully during the past year and on the ground in Massachusetts,...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I read with enthusiastic

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approval your statement that you are bringing to England for trial one of those humane pig-killers which hold the pig satisfactorily in position. In the United States they have...

DRESS REFORM FOR MEN [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sin,—" Crusader " makes strong claims for the benefitS , accruing from the reduction and discarding of clothing by women. According to his arguments length of life seems to be...

Letters to the Editor

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THE SACCO-VANZETTI TRIAL [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —In your editorial preface to the letters you have received on this subject from some of your American readers,...

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SHALL I BE BORN AGAIN ?

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The highly interesting and informative article on " Shall I be born again ? " by the late John St. Loe Strachey. published in your issue...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—There is no doubt that a reform in men's clothing is greatly needed—from the point of view of comfort as well as hygiene. Unfortunately the only people who have so far...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—May a reader of

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the Spectator be allowed to demur strongly to " Crusader's " statement that women have become more healthy owing to modern clothing—or lack of it ? We can only estimate the...

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THE AVIATION BOOM

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] 8111,-1 admire the intrepidity of those who, sitting comfort- ably at home and knowing as little of the mechanism of aero- planes and airships...

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GERRYMANDERING

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Can Mr. Ramsay MacDonald have had any idea of the origin and meaning of the word used in his address to the Trades Union Congress at...

P.R. IN THE FREE STATE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sut,—Will you permit me to comment upon your statement that P.R., " admirable though it be in theory as . a means of giving each of many...

THE REJECTIVE VOTE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] 'Sra,—In the ordinary course of business, or of home life, when an employee or agent has to be appointed, the choice is not limited to a closed...

THE PROMENADE CONCERTS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—With reference to the Music Notes in your issue of the 27th ult., I cannot but believe that if the sale of tickets at the door for the...

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BRITISH SPAS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In reference to your article on " . British Spas as Health Resorts," there is a point which I think needs stressing and that is the danger...

LEAMINGTON SLUM CLEARANCE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The articles on the slum evil in your recent issues encourage me to hope that your readers maybe interested to hear of the efforts of the...

BRITISH HOTELS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sne,—I have read with much interest what Mr. Stephen . Gwynn has had to say in your columns on the shortcomings of British hotels, and while...

THE PRAYER BOOK CONTROVERSY

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• [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I still maintain, with all respect to Sir Thomas Inskip, that it is generally agreed that the Alternative Service is a step farther from...

MOTOR TYRE SIZES

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—There are over one hundred and twenty distinct sizes of motor-car tyres on the market at the present moment. This is a perfectly...

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BYRON'S LAMENESS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—May I reply to Sir John Murray's courteous note on Byron's lameness ? I did not meanto convey in my brief review that.I personally...

Poetry.

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The Pirate to the Captive Slave Is the wild, wild thoughts are in your heart, And the wild blood in each vein, 0, you'll find the way to a wilder deed, And you'll do it, o'er...

AN AMERICAN TRIBUTE TO MR. STRACHEY [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—MY sorrow over the death of Mr. Strachey is deep. To me, as to most Americans who had the privilege of knowing him, he made a noble and most persuasive...

THE SCOPE OF THE ',VAGUE OF NATIONS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.1 Bin,--/ have followed with much interest your successful efforts (they have been in my case) to make known to the public the work of the...

DISARMAMENT

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] days not long ago the Spectator was a strong advocate of the Militia principle of training soldiers ; indeed, it went to a great length to...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR, —I am glad

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to see Sir John Murray's letter in the Spectator. It always surprises me that writers, not otherwise thoughtless, should continue to harp on Byron's lameness. Yet :— 1. He...

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Greyhound racing has such - a great followirik thivadayie that it

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is no wonder publishers are kept btisy catering' for - the popular taste. Mr. Hugh Daltiel in The Greyhotindlits Breed- ing, Training and Running (P. S. King, 2s.) gives us an...

Every chess-player will want Mr. Alekhin's My Best Games of

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Chess, 1908-1923 (Bell. 10s. 6d.). Only thirty-five yeas old, he is now a Docteur en droit in Paris and one of the three greatest chess-players in the world. His favourite...

Avec l'Oncle Emile a (ravers la France (Harrap, 3s. 6d.)

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is a new and revised edition of a delightful way of learning French and French geography and politics, and a good deal of other useful information, all in one jolly meal, so to...

4 Little Book _of the League of Nations, 1620-1927 (P.

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S. King, 2s.), appears to have been written primarily foi children, but adults may also learn in these pleasant little essays much about the problems the League' has coped ....

Professor W. McDougall, who made a real contribution to the

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cause of peace by his advocacy of an International Air Force for the League of Nations—whether we agree in detail with his scheme or not—now takes the whole of human life for...

General Knowledge Questions

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Tim Editor awards the prize of one. guinea offered weekly for the best thirteen general knowledge questions and answers to Mrs. H. B. Foote for the following:— Questions on...

Two quarrels we have with Mr. Kenneth Hare's Our Cockney

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Ancestors (Henn, 15s., illustrated) are that its title is unworthy of its fascinating contents, and that the pub- lishers announce that the days of eld are "- robbed of- every...

Messrs. Chapman and Hall send us the first two volumes

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of a beautiful new edition of The Complete Works of Walter Savage Landor (at 30s. a volume), edited with painstaking care by Mr. T. Earle Welby. There will be sixteen volumes,...

This Week's Books

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overtly, at all events, a reasonably faithful husband ; and yet one who in writing to an occasional female flame would copy for her love-letters originally addressed to his wife...

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" Come into the Garden "

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Garden-Craft in the Bible and Other Essays. By Eleanour Sinclair - Rohde. -Illustrated. (Herbert Jenkins. 10s. 6d.) MISS it0HDE takes us for an enchanting stroll through the...

Her Majesty

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Queen Mary : a Life and Intimate Study. By Kathleen Woodward. (Hutchinson. 7s. 6d.) No sovereign ever had a fuller sense of responsibility and duty than has our King, and none...

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Phases of Wesley

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Tax literature on John. Wesley, already large, is rapidly growing ; but I think that Miss Oemler is the first writer to find in him the hero (or is it the villain ?) of a novel,...

The Mystery of Flame

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Flame and Combustion in Gases. By W. A. Bone and D. T. A. Townend. (Longmans. 32s.) Tax phenomenon of flame occurs in connexion with a much wider range of circumstances than is...

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Poets All Over the World

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Poems from the Chinese (Arthur Waley), Poems from the Greek, Poems from the Latin, Poems from the Persian (Edward G. Browne), Poems from the Irish, John Skelton. (Benn. 6d....

DIRECT subscribers who are changing their addresses are asked to

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notify The SPECTATOR Office BEFORE MIDDAY ON MONDAY OF EACH WEEK. The previous address to which the paper has been sent and receipt number should be quoted.

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The To-day and To-morrow of Wedlock

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MRS SANGER deals delicately with sacred things and is com- pletely candid on those physical facts which every married couple should know, yet she ave4ds that unctuous note...

The Beautiful Duchess

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THE history of the beautiful Miss Cunnings is romantic in the extreme, and Mr. Horace Ble_aekley has done ample justice to his material. The book is not new—it was published...

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iction

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Arena Virumque NOT often enough has Mr. C. E. Montague expressed within the covers of a book his sense of the " beauty and poignancy " of mortal thing. ":'Beauty and poignancy...

Islam in Turmoil

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Survey of International Affairs, 1925. Volume I. The Islamic World since the Peace Settlement. By Arnold J. Toynbee. (H. Milford. • 26s.) THE Royal Institute of International...

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PRIMITIVE HEARTHS IN THE PYRENEES. Bs Ruth 0. Sawtell and

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Ida Treat. (Appleton. 10s. 6d.)—To the writers of this book, the Pyrenees meant paleolithic caves. They were both well equipped for their task, for one holds the degree of...

THE R.A.C. COUNTY ROAD MAPS AND GUIDES. NO. 1. SOMERSET.

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(E. J. Burrow. ls.)—These new guides are an excellent idea, superbly executed, and will come as a boon to the motorist, for they give him exactly what he wants to know, and...

THE OUTLAW OF TORN. By Edgar Rice Burroughs. (Methuen. 7s.

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6d.)—Mr. Burroughs writes a great deal better about apes than about Plantagenets. Although what Stevenson called " tushery " and Mr. Stephen Gwynn " Warclour Street English is...

MODERN DENMARK. By Hugh Jones. (P. S. King. 2s. 6d.)—The

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story of the good Bishop Grundtvig's educational reforms in Denmark and their wonderful results, as also that of the International High School at Elsinore, contain lessons for...

• TARBOE. By Gilbert Parker. (Cassell. 6s.)—This, Sir Gilbert Parker

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tells us, is the only story he has ever drawn from real life. Frank Tarboe was a professional gambler, whom the writer first met in his young days at Kansas, and whom he...

• dies too early in the book and tantalizes us,

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but as the whole plot turns upon her will this is inevitable. There is no one else, however, in whom it is Possible to take much interest.

LATER GREEK RELIGION. By Edwyn Bevan, D.Litt. (J. M. Dent

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and Sons. 5s.)—Dr. Bevan, in this book on Greek religious thought, adopts the admirable plan of making the philosophers of his period speak for themselves, and his volume, apart...

Current Literature

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UP AND DOWN STREAM. By Harry Gosling, C.H., M.P. (Methuen. 7s. 6d.)—A Labour leader who has that rare distinction, the Companionship of Honour, must be an exceptional man....

LN SEARCH OF HERSELF. By Mrs. Steuart Erskine. (Herbert Jenkins.

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7s. 6d.)—Good dialogue, penetrating observation of modern manners and the modern girl, and some interesting pictures of European and African travel combine to make this an...

GREECE OLD AND NEW. By Ashley Brown. (Methuen. 10s. 6d.)—Mr.

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Ashley Brown is travel-agent and guide in this well-illustrated volume. He tells us exactly how to get to out-of-the-way places, and, when he has got us there, has a good deal...

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Notes for Collectors

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Fr is interesting news that Messrs. Quaritch have sold a First Folio Shakespeare-one of the very finest copies known-to Mr. A. Edward Newton, of Philadelphia. For Mr. Newton is...

Answers to Laughter Questions

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• 1. The Laughing Cavalier.-2. " Si probitatis impendio constat (Quintilian).-3. At the Second Council of Carthage.-4. " The vacant mind."-5. " Strange fellows " (Merchant of...

A Library List

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BIOGRAPHY.---Abraliarn -Lincoln. By N. W. Stephenson. (Melrose. 18s.)-Some Memories and Reflections. By Emma Eames. (Appleton. 21s.) Peeps at the Mighty. By Patrick Braybrooke....

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Motoring Notes

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An Isotta-Fraschini on the Road IN writing about a car it is customary to give technical details as to its construction, its size, and capabilities, and to follow this with the...

Insurance

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TAXATION OR LIFE ASSURANCE ? THE individual and national importance of life assurance is officially recognized by the State, which allows remission of Income Tax, and in...

Page 35

EQUITABLE AND ATTRACTIVE.

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From the foregoing it will be seen that specially favour- able terms have been given to holders of 5 per cent. War Bonds. At the time the prospectus was issued the 34 per cent....

THE ONE ESSENTIAL.

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If the Chancellor of the Exchequer some three or four years ago had adhered to his original programme, it might be said his pledge, to achieve successive large reductions in the...

STANDPOINT OF THE TAXPAYER.

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Nor, so far as the present offer is concerned, is this argument very much impaired by the fact that the proposals seem more advantageous to the investor than to the Exchequer...

THE SMALL HOLDER.

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For the benefit of those who desire to see just how the proposals work out in the shape of income it may be useful, perhaps, to note that in the case of those who relinquish the...

Financial Notes

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DULLER MARKETS. TEE long fortnightly account on the Stock Exchange, which, at the time of writing, is drawing to a close, has fulfilled the unfortunate reputation which usually...

TERMS OF CONVERSION.

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In the technical language of the prospectus holders- of the 34 per cent. Loan can exchange into the Conversion Loan on the basis of £132 15s. for each £100 nominal of War Loan...

EFFECT ON THE MARKET.

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And yet the fact remains that the first effect of the Government's proposals has been to depress British Funds in general and the 3f per cent. Conversion Loan in particular. To...

Finance Public and Private

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The Government's Conversion Proposals DunrNG the past week the Investment Markets have been very largely dominated by the Government's proposals to holders of debt maturing...

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" HannEN's."

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Allowing for the fact that the stage of - commercial production was only reached about the end of last year, and that the accounts covered a year up to April last,...

AMERICAN APPREHENSIONS.

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It is very difficult for anyone but the expert to determine what is really the best course to be pursued in the interests of the rubber industry, in which quite a considerable...

NEW LOANS.

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Unless present appearances are deceptive it looks very much as though a resumption of new loan flotations would be a feature in the comparatively near future. Indeed, rumours...

THE RESTRICTION POLICY.

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During the past week the price of rubber has fallen to the lowest point touched for some three years, while the rubber share market, which has been in a dull condition for some...

A USEFUL SOCIETY.

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In another place I have drawn attention to the very useful work, extending over many years, performed by the Chartered Institute of Secretaries,_ and because I believe that high...