27 AUGUST 1910

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The estimated deficit of £11,987,895 in the German Imperial finances

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has been reduced to £6,323,015. The official statement explains that this result is due to an unexpected increase in revenue of £3,633,938, and also to a nominal reduction of...

Last Saturday the German Emperor opened a new Royal Castle

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at Posen, and raised the town to the distinction of being a "Royal Residence." The castle is described as being of Romanesque style, and has cost about £250,000. There were...

Some observers supposed that Japan, having all the substance of

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power in Korea, would not trouble to insist on 'annexation. We do not think, however, that objection can reasonably be taken to a nation's insisting on the reality of facts and...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T RE most important foreign news of the week is the announcement that Japan is about to annex Korea. Thus Japan ceases to be an island kingdom, and turns her provisional...

a a ll The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript, in any

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case.

The elections to the Greek " Revisionist " Assembly, con-

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ducted on the principle of scrutin de liste, threaten to com- plicate international relations in the Near East. For not only has M. Venezelo, the Cretan leader, been returned at...

The old Korean Government was grotesquely incompetent and corrupt, and

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every one knows that the Japanese Pro- tectorate has meant much more efficient rule, which it is to be hoped will develop yet more efficiency as well as broad- mindedness and...

The work on the extension of the Baghdad Railway from

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Eregli to Bulgurlu, which was resumed in May, has been making only slow progress owing to the want of funds. The Paris correspondent of the Times states in Friday's paper, on...

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The article in Monday's Times in the series on "Indian

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Unrest" deals with the replies of the Ruling Chiefs to Lord Minto's request for their views and suggestions. The first point noted in these communications is their practical...

The conspiracy trial at Dacca has assumed fresh interest owing

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to the evidence of the Crown witnesses. One man, described as a Bengal agent, penetratedjnto the secret society, and was even admitted to the inner Council. Besides describing...

Some interesting facts are established by the volume on the

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economic situation in Morocco published by M. Charles Rene Leclerc, the representative of the French Morocco Committee at Tangier. While French trade with Morocco has constantly...

Friday week was nomination day for the first South African

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Parliament. Two of the four prosiness created by the new Constitution—Cape Colony and the Transvaal—will hold their elections for their Provincial Councils as well as for...

Last Sunday M. Pichon, when unveiling a memorial to Dr.

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Mauchamp, who was assassinated three years ago at Marakesh, defined French policy in Morocco. According to the report in the Times he said Nothing would be easier for us than...

Some anxiety and nervousness have been caused in the Anglo-Indian

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Press by Mr. Montagu's recent speech in which he referred to Lord Morley as acting through "the agency" of Lord Minks It is thought that this phrase detracts from the dignity of...

Mr. Montagu quoted the Act which defines the relations of

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the Secretary of State to India as saying that he "shall superintend, direct, and control all acts, operations, &c." Any one who turns to the Act will find that the words it...

Under the head of " Cross-currents " the writer discusses

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in Wednesday's issue the beneficent forces generated by Indian unrest. Amongst these he notes the various non- political organisations which have been quietly developing all...

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Turning to the Conference, Sir Edward Grey deprecated apprehension. In

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his opinion, it was a very good sign that the Conference had met. At any rate, there was, this to the good: there was goodwill on each side. "It was quite true that if the...

Sir Edward Grey addressed a meeting of his constituents near

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Berwick on Thursday. After maintaining that the Budget was a Free-trade Budget, and that Free-trade, thanks to the last Election, was still secure, Sir Edward observed that if...

We regret to record the wreck of the British cruiser

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Bedford' in the Straits of Korea. The Bedford,' an armoured cruiser of 9,800 tons and with a speed of 221 knots, launched in 1901, and attached to the China Station since 1907,...

A statement in the Portsmouth Evening News on Tuesday to

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the effect that the Admiralty had resolved to build an experimental motor-driven battleship without boilers or smoke-stacks has led to a good deal of sensational comment in the...

In view, therefore, of the refusal of the Government to

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grant facilities for the consideration of the Bill introduced this Session to carry out this object, or to guarantee fulfilment of their pledges to provide for the payment of...

Bank Rate, 3 per cent., changed from 31 per cent.

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June 9th. Consols (24) were on Friday 81--Friday week 81.

We have written of the elections elsewhere, and need only

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say here that English observers should beware of taking au pied de la lettre charges of disloyalty to the Constitution and to the British attachment. Of course, certain policies...

The Army Council have decided to experiment with aero- planes

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at the approaching manceuvres. Certain well-known aviators have been asked to put their services at the disposal of the Army from September 21st to September 24th. The area of...

A most important statement was issued on Monday by the

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joint Board representing the General Federation of Trade Unions, the Parliamentary Committee of the Trade Union Congress, and the Labour Party. The Board, having considered the...

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AMERICAN POLITICS.

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rilHE Republican Party in the United States is hunting .1. for a formula which will satisfy all its warring sections. Sometimes one is inclined to think that it has about as...

TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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LABOUR AND LIBERTY. ' T EE attitude taken up by the Labour Party to- wards the Osborne judgment is one of the most significant, and at the same time one of the most...

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THE SOUTH AFRICAN ELECTIONS.

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I N this country, never very far removed from the memory of a General Election, we are so near to the turmoil of the campaign of last January that we may perhaps the better...

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HINDUS AND MOHAMMEDANS.

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A WONG the invaluable articles on Indian unrest which Cll. the Times special correspondent has been sending home for the last few weeks there are two which stand a little apart...

SECOND PRIZES.

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T HERE is a picture in Punch of August 17th which has been, we are sure, productive of much laughter and some sad reflection. The scene is the interior of a shooting booth of a...

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Ltth PROGRESS OF FLYING.

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A T a time when we have all ceased to wonder that flight has been achieved by human beings, it is easy to lose sight of the accumulation of small but significant facts by which...

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SLEEPING OUT.

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ERE in an Australian city sleeping outside one's house is a common habit, for scarcely any dwelling is without a verandah or wide balcony that will accommodate at least one bed,...

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CORRESPONDENCE.

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BATTLESHIPS AND BATTLE-CRUISERS. [TO FHB EDITOR OF TOR " SPECTATOR:] SIR,—Public interest in naval construction has been stimu- lated of late by the launching, within a...

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(TO TM EDITOR CY TRU "SPBCTATOR."3

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Sre.,—It is difficult for any one to reply to Mr. Shi-Chae Chang's letter in your issue of August 13th against foreign missionaries in China, because he carefully abstains from...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE NEED FOR A CONSERVATIVE PARTY. [To THR EDITOR OF THE " SpEcnvroa."3 Sin,—The great need of the present day is a Conservative Party,—not a party which calls itself...

MISSIONARIES IN CHINA.

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[TO THE EDITOR 01 TEE " EirscriTox."] Sns,—In your issue of the 18th inst. a Chinese student com- plains of the misunderstanding of the character of his nation prevailing in...

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THE AFRICAN SLAVE-LABOUR QUESTION.

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[To VIZ EDITOR OF THR "SPECTATOR:] venture to trespass on your space, if you will kindly permit me, in order to point out a few phases of the difficulties surrounding the slave...

CANADA AND THE MOTHER-COUNTRY.

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[To TIM EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:] SIE,—By last week's mail I received a letter—written on July 28th last—from a young relative of mine, who went out two years ago to Canada to...

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[To THE EDTPOR Or TIM " SPECTATOR:] Sin,—May I be

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allowed to add an illustration to those which Mr. George Moores alludes to in his letter in your last issue on this subject of the superiority in certain departments of thought...

METRIC REFORM.

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[To Tam EDITOR OP TIER " EPTCTATOR:1 Sin,—Mr. Moores says in your issue of August 13th England has the best unite in the world for manufacturing purposes. I suppose he means...

TOWN LADS FOR COLONIAL FARMS.—NEW ZEALAND'S EXAMPLE.

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[To THS EDITOZ OP THZ "SracrAToa.") Sin,—.I would ask the hospitality of your columns to invite the co-operation of your readers in an Imperial experiment the results of which...

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[To THE EDITOR OF TItZ "SPECTATOR:]

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Sig,—The advantages of decimal calculations ought not to be mixed up with the question whether we do or do not adopt the metre for our standard. Nor is it necessary to discuss...

[To TRY EDITOR OE TITO "SPECTATOR:9

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am glad to notice that the question of Metric Reform is now receiving publicity in your columns in the shape of letters from various correspondents which you have published....

[To SIDI EDITOR OF TEE "SrEcriroa."J

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SIR,—The great difficulty about our measures and coinage is that every one has learnt to count in tens, and that it is practically impossible to get people to count in twelves....

[To THE EDPPOR OF TER "SPECTATOR:9

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Sru,—Would you kindly allow me to say, for the information of your readers who have not already written to me, that I shall be pleased to forward particulars of the objects of...

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THE DECIMAL (NOT METRIC) SYSTEM.

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[TO TEl Eorrox OP TEl " SPICTATOIS."] San,—Your correspondents who are against a decimal system of coinage and weights on the ground that the unit under such a system is not...

[To =X EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:1

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Stn,—In the course of your interesting article in last week's issue you say that when Miss Nightingale and her selected staff of nurses "reached the seat of war the camp lay...

IRISH ADMINISTRATION AND THE VICE- ROYALTY.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 TER " SnerrAToR.1 SIE,—Among your correspondents in the Spectator of August 13th was one who asserted that it only required the abolition of the Irish...

MISS FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE: AN APPEAL.

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[To TEl EDITOR OF THE SP1CTITOR.1 Sra,—The popular fame of Miss Nightingale rests on her work in the Crimea, and it was great ; but her greatest achievement is really that she...

[To nu EDITOR Or m " SPECTITOR."] Si,—In a letter

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under the above heading in the Spectator of August 13th the writer quotes a sentence of Mr. Price Collier's to the effect that the Irish "consider themselves governed much as if...

Page 17

WORDSWORTH'S BIRTHPLACE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] a review of Mr. A. G. Bradley's "The Avon and Shakespeare's Country" in the Spectator of August 13th it is stated :—" The chapter on...

THE QUAKERS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR:] SIR,—You do well to remind your readers how worthy of attention the writings of some of the early Quakers are. How suggestive, for instance,...

THE PRESERVATION OF BORROWDILE.

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ITO THE Einyea OF THE " SrxcrAToa..") will be - a gratification to many of your readers interested in the purchase by the National Trust of the three hundred and ten acres of...

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GOLDWIN' surnrs "REMINISCENCES."

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[TO TIM EDITOR OF ins. " SPECTATOR."] . Sna,--In your note- to Mr. Haultain's letter- in_ last weeks issue you describe- Mrs. Jones of PantglAs as- " a-rich-Welsh lady who...

SIR WALTER SCOTT AND CLATERHOUSE.

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[To Too EDITOR OP- THE " SPROTATOIA.1. SIR,—Having lately visited the battlefield of Killiecmnkie and the grave of Dundee in the nave of the ruined. church of Blair, whither...

PIT PONIES.

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[To TIM EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."] Sza,—In-the - Spectater for-August - 6th and 20th have appeared letters-on this subject. The first, if my memory . serves me, was to the...

A BRITISH MOSQUE. .

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPRCZATOES"1 one who has read and loved the Spectator for many years, may I say with what pain I read in your issue of August 13th that you offer best...

- LTD THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR.") Sin - ,—As -the

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result of my letter kindly inserted in your issue of the 6th inst. several people have written asking for more information- upon the subject of pit ponies. The alleged cruelties...

Page 19

THE' RED-BREASTED FLYCATCHER..

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[To THE EDITOR-OP THE " SFECTATOP.."] have read: with much interest your correspondent's letter about the red-breastedflyc atcher (Spectator, Au gu st 20th). For two years in...

INTERNATIONAli TOWN-PLANNING CONFERENCE. pre THE-EDITOR 07T55 "SPECTATOR."]

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Stn, r -Owing to recent legislation 'a new era of town-planning and reeenstruction- is about to open in the United Kingdom. That the ia Ucr danger of - the. legal and public...

POETRY.

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THE PLOUGH. Fecod Egypt behind my oxen with their stately step and slow Northward and East and West I went to the desert sand and the. snow; -Down through the centuries one by...

IRISH TOURIST DEVELOPMENT. [To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Sin,—With

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reference to M. V. Hussey Walsh's letter in y ou r issue of August 13th, I have myself just passed along the routes- he mentions from Killarney to Parkna.silla and Cahireiveen....

THE WORD "CABAL."

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Sr,—Your correspondent "W. E. K.," in the Spectator of August 20th, is himself mistaken in saying that the word ." Cabal" is French. It is...

[Tu 'THE EDITOR OF THE- "SPEC1ATOR:] Sin,—With.reference to a letter

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. from Dr. Benjamin Biekley Rogers in your issue of last. week, Iventure to draw. his.atten , tion to the-fact that lathe third edition of Morris's "British Birds," VoL L, p....

NOTICE—When Articles or "Correspondence" are signed with . The writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked - "Communicated," the Editor mu.st not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein e:rpressed or with the...

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BOOKS •

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THE GATES OF INDIA.* SIR THOMAS HOLDICH has probably more experience in the delimitation of frontiers than any man living, and the Indian Borderland has always, been his special...

Page 21

SLR JOHN McNEILL.*

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THE controversy caused by the Report of the two Com- missioners sent to the Crimea to inquire into the mismanage- ment of the war is now almost forgotten. It was a heated and...

Page 22

THE CHURCH AND TILE WORLD" IN his first six lectures

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Canon Hobhouse has given us a very vivid sketch of the history of the Christian Church in its relations with the world. He begins by drawing a picture of the Church as we find...

ADVENTURES IN SOCIALISM* Tim story of Robert Owen and New

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Lanark has been made familiar to us by his own autobiography and by a consider- able amount of expository and critical dissertation. There was, however, until supplied by this...

Page 23

NATURAL HISTORY BOOKS.*

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Sirvmskr., noteworthy books for naturalists have appeared within the last few months. In a massive and finely illus- trated volume Mr. Gerald H. Thayer expounds his father's...

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connoisseur—described Queen Marie Amelie as "Ia. plus grande dame de

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l',Europe." The present biography, though it has the faults of its kind, superficiality, a lack of thorough- ness, of deep research, of original character-study, so that it does...

MEMORIALS OF OLD CHESHIRE.*

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TH IS is a very interesting book and a popular work of con- siderable merit, despite the fact that here and there it contains some rather naive historical and antiquarian...

Page 26

AUSTRALIAN WOOL.*

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MR. BRAN is an able and observant writer, who, having made it his business to find out the chief facts relating to Austra- lian wool, contributed the results to the Sydney...

NOVELS.

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PRESTER JOHN.* Yotrwa David Crawfurd, the narrator and hero of Mr. Buchtes vehemently exciting South African romance, is a son of the manse who abandons theology for commerce...

Page 27

The Dragon Painter. By Sidney McCall. (Stanley Paul and Co.

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6s.)—This is a story of modern Japan which is tuned to a key foreign to Western ears. There is a great deal of wild romance about it, but the mystery of ITme-ko's disappearance...

The Elements of Negro Religion. By W. J. Edmonston Scott.

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(Edmonstou Scott and Co, Edinburgh. 6s. net.)—The word "negro " has here a meaning which is somewhat unexpected. About 4000 B.C., we are told, the Indo-Bantu race lived in...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Under this heading me notice such Books of tha was is haw soi hese rsserved for review lat other forms.] The Inspiration of Prophecy. By G. C. Joyce, D.D. (H. Frowde. 3s. 6d....

RLADABLE NOVB1.8.—The Glen. By Mary Stuart Boyd. (Mills and Boon.

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6s.)—This is a story of a most unsophisticated and ingenuous Highland maiden. The descriptions of scenery are well done.—When _Love Knocks. By Gilbert Stanhope. (Same...

The Hermon. By Algernon Glaring. (F. V. White and Co.

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6s.)—Mr. Gissing's new novel is chiefly concerned with the study of a young man, John Pitloh, who after a youth spent in London returns as a herdsman to the Border country...

We have received the annual Report of the British and

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Foreign Bible Society. (146 Queen Victoria Street, E.C. La) We have no wish to depreciate the work of the Society, carried out, as it is, with admirable activity. The sale is...

Across Yunnan. By Archibald Little. Edited by Mrs. Archi- bald

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Little. (Sampson Low & Co., 3s. 6d. net.)—This volume con- tains a series of letters written to the North China Herald in the late spring and summer of 1906. It was the last of...

Page 28

Lake George and Lake Champlain. By W. Max Reid. (G.

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P. Putnam's Sons. 15s. net.)—These two lakes are near the north-eastern boundary of New York State, not far from the St. Lawrence. The region is full of scenes deeply...

The Fifth Book of Pilgrimages to Old Houses. By Fletcher

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Moss. (The Author, Old Parsonage, Didsbury. 21s. net.)—Mr. Moss is not wholly at peace with the world. The book-trade does not like that a writer should publish for himself, and...

Dead Language and Dead Languages. By J. P. Postgate, Litt.D.

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(John Murray. ls.)—Professor Postg,ate magnifies his office, and does it very effectually. Here we have the inaugural lecture which he delivered on appointment to the Chair of...

The Brig of Ayr. By James A. Morris. (Stephen and

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Pollock, Ayr.)—The town of Ayr is known to have had a bridge in 1236, when provision is made in a charter granted to the town by Alexander IL ad ristentationens pontis. It is...

The Extra Pharmaeopmia. Revised by W. Harrison Martindale, Ph.D., and

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W. Wynn Westcott, M.B. (H. K. Lewis. 12s. net.)— Tins is a technical book which cannot be treated in detail in these columns. We may indicate, however, some of the new subjects...

Wayside Wisdom. By E. M. Martin. (Longmans and Co. 55.

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net.)—Here we have a volume of essays. They are not without merit; but we cannot rank the writer with great essayists. He has not caught the spirit of the thing. In his first...

The Life - Insurance Agent's Trade - Hecum. Compiled by James Wilkie. (Waterlow and

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Sons. ls.)—This is the seventeenth annual issue. Many interesting facts and figures might be selected from it. The premium rates, it may be observed, vary from 22 4e. 5d. to 41...

We have received the ninth edition of The Justice's Note - Book,

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by the late W. Knox Wigram, which appears under the care of Charles Miller Atkinson, Stipendiary Magistrate for the City of Leeds (Stevens and Sons, and Sweet and Maxwell, Is....

Production of the Printed Catalogue. By Alex. J. Philip. (R.

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Atkinson. 5s. net)—Mr. Philip, who presides over a borough library, here sets forth the advantages of having a printed cata- logue, shows how such may be cheaply and efficiently...

Page 29

First Steps in Coal Mining. By Alexander Forbes. (Mackie and

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Son. 2s. 61.)—This book, we learn from the title-page, is "for Use in Supplementary and Continuation Classes," and it is the work of a "certificated colliery manager." Is it not...

Land Taxes and Mineral Right Duties. By Thomas Moffet. (John

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Murray. 5s. net.)—This volume contains an analysis of the Land Taxes, zkc., part of the Finance Act of 1910 "from a Sur- veyor and Valuer's standpoint." It is explanatory, not...