27 JANUARY 1923

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At Lausanne Ismet Pasha has, apparently, been instructed to fight

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to the last ditch for the possession of Mosul, with no weapon but bluff. The British Empire stands pledged to the population of Mosul, to its elected king, and to the League of...

Even though Turkey refuse to join Lord Curzon in submitting

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the problem to the League of Nations it will in any case be decided by the League. Lord Curzon has appealed under Article XI. of the Covenant ; it is a reasonable appeal and the...

Ver TO READERS AND SUBSCRIBERS.

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The " Spectator " will be sent post free from its offices, 13 York Street, Covent Garden, London, W.C. 2, to any address in the United Kingdom or abroad for 30s. per annum,...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE situation on the Ruhr is full of doubt and difficulty.. In their new " civil " struggle the French and Germans seem to have reached a stage of dead- lock comparable to that...

The chief punitive measure that the French have applied has

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been the arrest of the great Ruhr industrial magnates such as Herr Thyssen, who has been tried for disobedience to military orders and fined large amounts—in Herr Thyssen's case...

We publish this week our half-yearly index, July to December,

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1922. It will be sent free on application to any reader who wishes to obtain it for binding.

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You cannot destroy and reconstruct at the same time. French

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violence on the Ruhr is already- wrecking the one genuine piece of economic restoration that was being undertaken in Europe. The meeting of the Austrian sub-committee of the...

We regret to see it stated in the Press that

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Mr. Henry Ford entertains the idea of standing for the Presidency. Seven thousand agents for Ford cars throughout the United States have already received membership cards for...

Mr. Wilson-Lawrenson, who is here from America to see whether

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London is a proper place for a big American business convention next year, is of opinion that it is. London, he declares, according to the Evening Standard, ought to be one of...

Of this scheme we have only one remark to make,

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It is as impracticable in fact as it is mild in intention. It assumes an attitude on the part of the men of Ulster which is not their attitude, never has been, and never will...

As we write, the question of a strike in the

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building trade hangs in the balance. Most unfortunately the facts have been very inadequately set forth in the Press and we therefore cannot, pending the decision, say exactly...

We may note in this context what has actually hap-

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pened in the two portions of Ireland. In the North murder and riot have been stamped out, in spite of the fact that they were based on the most inflammatory thing in the...

The Dublin correspondent of the Manchester Guardian gives in Monday's

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issue a sketch of the letter which Lord Glenavy, the Chairman of the Free State Senate, has sent to the Northern Government. Lord Glenavy's letter, it is stated, puts forward a...

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We suggest as an inscription for the Tablet in West.

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minster Abbey, " A friend of his own country always-• of ours in need."

Max Nordau, the author of Degeneration, died on Monday. The

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best that can be said of him is that he was not satisfied with the current platitudes of his genera- tion; the worst that he was absolutely satisfied with his own analysis and "...

We record with the utmost satisfaction that the Times of

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Thursday published a letter signed by the Prime Minister, three ex-Prime Ministers (Lord Balfour, Mr. Asquith and Mr. Lloyd George) and by Lord Grey of Fallodon inviting...

Each day at Luxor something new and strange is fished,

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as it were, sheer out of an epoch of human history into the next but one. The glove of Tutankhamen had lain still through all Greece and Rome, but it did not escape the...

He is very strong on the need of advertisement. "

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By advertising a product scientifically the sales are increased, without adding appreciably to overhead costs." That is too optimistic, but unquestionably the only . way to...

The Holborn Borough Council began on Thursday an experiment which

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we fancy is already being tried else- where in London and which may prove of capital importance. A section of Little Anne Street, W.C., is being paved with rubber blocks. The...

Though an appeal has been lodged against the decision of

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the magistrate of the West London Police Court in regard to a prosecution for selling Mrs. Sanger's book on Birth Control, Family Limitations, we cannot but express our regret...

Bank Rate, 8 per cent., changed from 8} per cent.

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July 18, 1922 ; 5 per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 101i Thursday week, 1001 ; a year ago, 98i.

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A recent issue of Overseas, the monthly journal of the

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Overseas League, contained an interesting article describing a treasure-hunt conducted by a Johannesburg syndicate on the South African coast between Port St. Johns and Port...

Now that the South African Parliament has met again, General

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Smuts will have to face a situation of no little difficulty, for his majority of 25 has dwindled in the past two years to 15. A " working agree- ment," based very largely on...

THE ENGLISH‘ , SPEAKING WORLD.

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By EVELYN WRENCH. N EXT month the recently elected Parliaments of Australia and New Zealand assemble, and the question of the Premiership in each country, if not settled by the...

Several interesting visitors from the Dominions are coming to London.

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The first of these, who should arrive this week, is Mr. J. A. Robb, Canadian Minister of Trade and Commerce. He comes direct from Australia, where he has been negotiating a...

The keen interest taken by the people of the United

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States in all that concerns wireless is shown by the amount of space devoted to " Radio " subjects in the American Press. The New York Evening Mail describes a new development...

Nominations for the Albert Kahn Travelling Fellow- ship for 1923

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must be made by the end of February. In the words of the founder, the essential object of the Foundation is " to enable persons "—men or women who must be British subjects and...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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HOW TO MAKE BRITAIN SAFE FOR DEMOCRACY. T HE foreign policy of a Government must be largely controlled by events. There they cannot pick and choose, but must deal with...

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THE LEAGUE'S OPPORTUNITY.

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I N this article we do not desire to go into the whole question of Reparations and of the problem of the Ruhr, but only to look at these matters from the point of view of the...

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BEHIND THE SHUT DOOR.

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F OR the moral and physical welfare of three classes of people .the State makes itself wholly responsible, and it is now some time since we had a full inquiry into the manner in...

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TAX, BUT HEAR ME !

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W E referred last week to a very valuable article in the January number of the Quarterly Review on o• The Burden of Taxation." It is a great satisfaction to find that the...

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THE COMMON SNIPE.

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W HEN in Shetland lately I was wandering about on a bare, barren, hill-top, " wide, wild, and open to the air," but seemingly devoid of life. A raven flapped over in its heavy...

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AN ENGLISH MASTER'S EXPERIMENT.

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W HEN I arrived at the Grammar School where this experiment, now concluded, was destined to be conducted, I found the boys almost entirely apathetic in their attitude towards...

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THE PAGE MEMORIAL IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY.

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W E have received letters in favour of our proposal from the following among others :- Canon Perry, St. James's Rectory, Higher Broughton, Manchester. Mr. R. Giles, C.I.E.,...

NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the...

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[To the Editor' of the SPECTATOR.] Slit,—I have been a

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regular subscriber to the Spectator for some years and have come to look upon your weekly leading article as a sort of political vade-mecum. The Yorkshire Post, my daily paper,...

WHAT FRANCE WILL FIND OUT.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In your issue of January 20th Mr. Gilbert E. Mould makes the astounding misstatement that England stands alone in her Reparations policy....

THE NEWCASTLE BY-ELECTION.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—May I with all deference protest against your analysis of the voting in the recent Newcastle by-election ? You assume that if it had been...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—May I suggest that

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both Punch and yourself miss the point in France's action when you allude to M. Poincare insisting that " if the goose will not lay as many golden eggs as he requires, he will...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Surely we owe gratitude

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to France for taking a step which seems likely to bring to an end an impossible situation. We have been attempting to extract payment from a country whose currency has no...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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THE TRADE VALUE OF GOOD DESIGN. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—At a recent dinner, which was followed by a few speeches, it was my privilege to hear the Editor of the...

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THE RENT RESTRICTION ACTS.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—My attention has just been drawn to a paragraph in your issue of January 18th in which you state " When landlords received legal...

MR. HORATIO SYMONDS.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sxn,—Many generations of Oxford graduates will hear of the death of Mr. Horatio Percy Symonds with regret. For a long series of years as...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,—The worst thing that can happen to the housing industry is uncertainty, and I would urge that the Government should declare its policy. At the moment proprietors and...

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MR. PAGE'S LETTERS.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I am in absolute agreement with you and all who see in a Westminster Abbey Tablet the very least that ought to be done to keep in memory...

THE MONUMENTS OF THE ABBEY.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The proposal referred to in Mr. Carew Mildmay's letter to you for removing the most inappropriate monuments from Westminster Abbey is one...

THE HOURS OF CIVIL SERVANTS. [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] SIR,—I have no wish whatever to refer to any of the criticisms in your recent article on " The Hours of Civil Servants," but I would like to make one or two...

IN RESPONSE TO AN ANGLO-AMERICAN APPEAL [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—You were kind enough to publish on December 2nd, 1922, a letter of mine which ventured to suggest certain small, but useful, means of improving...

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OBSCURE POETRY.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—W111 you bear with me once again to thank you for your illuminating if not in all respects convincing article ? This and many letters...

" Ex meo propinquo Rum hoc capis commodi, Ubi satins

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coepit fieri, commuto locum. —Ter. Eun. V. 61."

VILLAGE EXHIBITIONS.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm,—I am greatly interested in the letter of Mrs. Isabel C. Ellis in your issue of January 13th, because it exactly confirms our ex- perience...

affair," and, after quoting the late Prime Minister on the

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moral tone required of public men, you proceed : " How Mr. Raymond can recall that speech, as he does, and then say there was nothing to object to in the Marconi episode is...

DEFACING MALHAMDALE.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—Whenever the beauty spots of England have been in danger, you have always used your good influence to prevent their loss, defilement, or...

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POETRY.

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THE CALIPHS. CALIPHS reclining upon lemon Moons That sway boat-like with the long tides of air While wanning fountain water shrills or croons With voice forgot and echo rare ;...

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THE CINEMA.

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CINEMA STANDARDS. TIIE " silent drama " may not be a new art-form, but it is certainly the most tremendous of the amusements, and, as such, merits serious criticism. So far, it...

MR. GEORGE MOORE.*

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Mum has been written about Mr. George Moore, but all or almost all of it has been written by himself, and so it is gratifying to have another view of a remarkably interesting'...

BOOKS .

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THIS WEEK'S BOOKS. Tms week an intrepid lady—Miss Oulton—brings out her own completion of Jane Austen's unfinished The Watson* (Hutchinson). " The reader will share with the...

The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any article, poems, or

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letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case Pf rejection. Poems should be addressed to the...

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BEHIND THE SHUT DOOR.* WHEN we have to join battle

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with the forces of evil or with those of procrastination, the battle may often be lost or won according to the skill with which the ground is chosen for the combat. While we...

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A FARMER'S LIFE.* IN these memorials of his uncle, Mr.

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Bourne gives us a book with a country flavour. He writes from Farnham, where Cobbett educated himself by rolling down a sandbank. Mr, Smith himself was born in the early...

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TWO ENGLISH BISHOPS.* THE founder of the Jesuits spoke wisely

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of the qualities required in a religious superior. " He is pious," it was urged on behalf of a certain candidate for office ; " Let him pray," was the answer. Of another, " He...

BANKING AND CURRENCY.* WHEN the European War ruthlessly thrust a

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spoke into the wheels of Europe's delicate financial machinery it revealed much that had been obscure while the wheels were turning. Students of currency theories had no...

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LAWSON TAIT.* " LAWSON TAIT was undoubtedly a good surgeon

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and dis- tinguished in his early life. But the reliability of his statistics was seriously questioned. He was much of an Ishmaelite in his profession, and the last years of his...

TWO BOOKS BY MISS MAUDE ROYDEN.* IN his essay on

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Ranke's history of the Popes Macaulay con- trasts the resourcefulness and Versatility Of the Roman with the curious woodenness of the Anglidan Church. He instances their...

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THE ALPHABET.*

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TEE author of The Alphabet should really need no introduction to those who care for good lettering. If they have not known to whom they were indebted for their pleasure in the...

POETS AND POETRY.

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OXFORD POETRY, 1922.t PERSONALLY, I liked Oxford Poetry much better this year. It seemed to me this time to fulfil its proper function of pro- viding a vehicle for the poems of...

FICTION.

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KAI LUNG'S GOLDEN HOURS.* IT is commendable in Mr. Belloc that twenty years ago he discovered how good The Wallet of Kai Lung is ; and now, in gratitude, he has dashed off a...

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Mr. Bolland, following in the steps of the late F.

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W. Mait- land, has made many a modern reader understand why Serjeant Maynard, according to Roger North, " had such a relish of the old year books that he carried one in his...

STILL WATERS. By Maude Leeson. (Allen and Unwin. 7s. 6d.)—The

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author has an imagination capable of tackling successfully very ambitious work. In this book she has formed her characters with sympathy and true insight, at the same time...

THE MAN WHO KNEW TOO MUCH. By G. K. Chester-

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ton. (Cassell and Co. 7s. 6d. net.)—A character in Mr. Chesterton's new book, when travelling by train, buys a quantity of cheap murder stories, which he enjoys exceedingly. His...

SUDDEN LOVE. By Benjamin Swift. Butter- worth. 7s. 6d. net.)—A

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bright and vivid story of the love of a British officer for a French girl. Her father dis- approves, but an air raid destroys his home and puts everything right.

THE GREAT ROXHYTHE. By Georgette Herr. (Hutchinson. 7s. 6d. net.)—This

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is a very ambitious historical romance, covering the later years of Charles H.'s reign from the Secret Treaty of Dover to the Exclusion Bill, the Rye House Ilot and the King's...

AND HAVE NOT LOVE. By Hamilton Fyfe. (Parsons. 7s. 6d.

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net.)—The heroine steals money from a harsh employer to buy comforts for a sick friend, and goes to gaol rather than explain her fault. Afterwards she finds another employer who...

The many friends of the late Sir Henry Jones will

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be glad to have this delightful little book, which deals with his life up to the time when he succeeded Edward Caird as Professor of Moral Philosophy at Glasgow. His friends...

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LINE. By Edmund J. Sullivan. (Chapman and Hall. 10s. 6d.

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net.) In the pursuit of his subject, " the trace of a point having length but not breadth," the author has made a beguiling book that will probably find a large public amongst...

Mr. Crabtree goes as fully into the growth of cotton

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and the processes of spinning and weaving as a manual of little more than a hundred pages would allow. His book will interest all who study economies ; the cotton trade...

FROM CROW-SCARING TO WESTMINSTER. By George Edwards, M.P., O.B.E. Mr.

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Edwards is well known as the moving spirit of the Agricultural Workers' Union—a man who has probably done more than anyone else to raise the status of the farm-labourei and...

Mr. French is very thorough. Everybody's handwriting seems to be

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here, with some comment upon it by the author. " Each chapter contains some of the underlying principles of handwriting psychology as applied to some phase of human endeavour,...

HISTORY. (Macmillan. 2s. net.) The January number of the admirable

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quarterly which is the organ of the Historical Association contains an eloquent tribute to Lord Bryce and to his last book, Modern Democracies. by Professor Pollard. Mr. B. D....

MAZES AND LABYRINTHS. By W. II. Matthews. (Long- mans and

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Co. 18s. net.) Riddles were no doubt asked before there was any Sphinx to enliven the game, and the Cretan Labyrinth of the Minotaur which Sir Arthur Evans's recent excavations...

GAS. (B.C.G.A., 30 Grosvenor Gardens, S.W. 1.) All who anyway

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help towards smoke abatement are on the side of the angels, and we therefore salute the informing book issued by the British Commercial Gas Association as a piece of beneficent...

PESTS OF THE GARDEN AND ORCHARD, FARM AND FOREST. By

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Ray Palmer and W. Percival Westell. (Drane. 25s. net.) The authors justly describe this as a practical guide. It is carefully written and very well illustrated. The first and...

A GUIDE TO ENGLISH GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE. By S. Gardner. (Cambridge

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University Press. 16s.) Mr. S. Gardner has produced an attractive architectural guide consisting—as it should—mostly of photographs both of details, typical or exceptional, and...

OUR BIRDS, THEIR HAUNTS AND NESTS. Photographs by Charles Reid.

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(Foulis. First and Second Series.) These are dear little books, just right for small hands to hold. Most of the photographs are beyond praise. They have caught the ancient-wise...

If ever the Labour Party possesses a majority in the

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House of Commons and forms a Ministry it will find itself confronted with the problems described in this pamphlet. It will soon learn that a Poor Law of some kind must continue...

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WORKS OF REFERENCE.

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We must record the appearance of that elephantine and wholly indispensable work, The Post Office London Directory with Country Suburbs for 1923 (Kelly's Directories, Ltd., 55s....

FINANCE-PUBLIC & PRIVATE.

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By ARTHUR W. KIDDY. BANKERS ON THE SITUATION. [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—S0 much importance attaches nowadays to the speeches of our banking chairmen concerning the...

FINANCE. Vols. I. and IL By A. Risdon Palmer. (Bell.

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5s. and 4s. net.) These two volumes are the fourth and fifth respectively in the series of " Bell's Handbooks of Commerce and Finance." The first deals with banking,...

Charles C. Tansill. (Baltimore: John Hopkins Press. $1.00.) Now that

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the Dominion is about to negotiate for reciprocity with the United States, resuming the efforts which the Canadian electors condemned in 1911, this elaborate account of the...

TORICAL RESEARCH. No. 5. (Royal United Service Institution. Os. net.)

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The chief article in this number is a contemporary account of the siege of Boulogne in 1544, which Colonel J. II. Leslie has edited from a manuscript in the British Museum. "...

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FINANCIAL NOTES.

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Once again I have to report the wonderful resisting power of the Stock Markets to adverse influences. On Monday, following a sharp break in the Continental' exchanges, the Stock...

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MATERIAL REVIEWS.

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MESSRS. CARSON'S CHOCOLATES. * I am particularly pleased to respond to your request for a critical "review" of Messrs. Carson's chocolate packings sub- mitted to me, as I...