27 SEPTEMBER 1919

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NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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PTIHE pious belief that nationalization or State control is a cure for industrial unrest has been rudely shaken. On 1_ Tuesday morning Sir Eric Geddes, as Minister of Transport,...

As we write on Thursday it is known that Mr.

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Thomas has met the new Minister in conference, and there is reason for hoping that the railwaymen's threat to strike at noon on Friday will be withdrawn. The Union is said to...

A great strike began on Monday morning in the American

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steel industry. The Steelworkers' Union asked the Steel Corporation to recognize the Union and to grant an eight-hours day with higher wages and other concessions. When the...

The fine spirit of good-fellowship that prevails in the British

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Navy was illustrated on Monday at Portsmouth, where the men of the Lower Deck entertained Sir David Beatty and the senior officers of the Grand Fleet to dinner in the Town Hall....

Mr. Forrest, a Coalition Liberal candidate, retained the seat for

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Pontefract in the by-election occasioned by the death of Sir J. Compton-Rickett. He was opposed in this mining constitu- ency by a miner, Mr. Burns, a Labour candidate of...

I' s * The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any articles or

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letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case of rejection.

The Ironfounders' Society and two kindred Unions, whose members make

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the mouldings and castings for the steel trades, declared a strike last Saturday. Fifty thousand men are directly affected, and the trades dependent on them are seriously...

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M. Caillaux, the leader of the French Radicals, has been

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sent for trial before the High Court of the Senate. The Committee which has held a long inquiry into his doings sine the war began, reported last week that the evidence was...

M. Clemenceau on Thursday week told the Chamber that Mr.

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Lloyd George had not communicated to him or to the Allied Conference any peace proposal which he might have made to the Bolsheviks last spring. All that M. Clemenceau knew in...

Even if no thoroughgoing stunt develops, the treatment of Mr.

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Churchill has already been grossly unfair. As our readers know, we hold no brief for Mr. Churchill, whose restless ambition we regard as a danger, but we cannot imagine how...

The situation which results from such misunderstandings ae these is

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as vague as ever. It seems to be the policy of the British Government to continue helping General Denikin with munitions of war after the evacuation of Archangel and Murmansk...

There is another matter in connexion with Russia which must

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be mentioned. Now that the British military policy of the past year with regard to Russia has been proved a failure, there is a tendency to put all the blame upon Mr. Churchill....

What confusion is caused when the old plan of collective

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responsibility is not scrupulously observed by the Government Here we have Lord Rothermere attacking Mr. Boner Law, who is the right-hand man of Mr. Lloyd George, while all the...

President Wilson has continued his oratorical campaign on behalf of

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the Peace Treaty and the League of Nations in the chief centres of Western America. He summed up the practical necessities of the case in the remark, at Los Angeles last...

At a dinner given in London to the Persian Foreign

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Minister last week Lord Curzon spoke of the new Anglo-Persian Agree- ment in terms which ought to allay all suspicion about that instrument abroad as well as in this country. He...

A curious explanation has been issued of the statement published

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last week on official authority that the Supreme Council at Paris had adopted "the British policy of evacuation" in Russia. No sooner had the statement made on official...

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The Austrian Socialist Government have published in a Red Book

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some of the Austrian diplomatic correspondence relating to the outbreak of the war. The most notable extract which has reached this country is the report of a conversation...

Sir Auckland Geddes on Monday was asked by the British

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motor manufacturers to put a duty of one-third of their value on imported motor-cars and motor-op:des to the end of 1921, and to restrict the importation of other motor...

The existence of such work has been reported from various

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parts of the country, but on examination the alleged Pied has always proved to be merely some form of Cob, an entirely different thing. Pis6 de Terre, as has often been...

For the rest, Lord French refers to the compliments paid

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to him by Mr. Asquith as showing that Mr. Asquith must ha ve trusted him implicitly, and he argues that these compliments are a contradiction of Mr. Asquith's subsequent...

Many of those who have inspected the Pis6 house now

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ie process of erection at Newlands Corner, near Guildford, have very reasonably asked whether any old Pise houses may be seen in this country. They desire ocular proof of the...

As regards the dispute as to the supply of munitions,

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there is a complete conflict of evidence. Lord French tells us again that he never made any such statement to Lord Kitchener as Mr. Asquith quoted in his Newcastle speech. As...

Lord French now quotes in full a letter from Lord

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Kitchener with reference to the visit to- Paris. The relevant part of this letter is that in which Lord Kitchener gives the text of a telegram which he sent from Paris to the...

The hypocrisy of the German Chancellor in regard to Sir

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Edward Grey's various proposals for mediation between Austria and Russia is well shown in another document in the Red Book. He promised to transmit to Vienna the proposals, to...

Bank rate,5 per cent., changed from 51 per cent.April 5,1917.

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Count Berchtold, who was Austrian Premier in July, 1914, is

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revealed in the Red Book as a man after Bismarck's own heart. Bismarck precipitated the Franco-Prussian War by editing a despatch from King William at Ems, concerning his...

Lord French in a Preface to a new edition of

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his book 1914 has attempted to answer the counter-charges made against him by Mr. Asquith. It will be remembered that in his book Lord French complains of the visit to Paris of...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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A LESSON OF HISTORY. I. — TAE, GENESIS OF REVOLUTION. (2) There is nothing in the present condition of the country to justify revolution. (3) It would not prove a remedy, but...

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DRINK AND PRIVATE PROFIT.

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T is with the greatest pleasure that we print more - important letters on the Nationalization of the Liquor Trade. Never has there been apparently—we say " apparently " because...

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THE SITUATION IN EASTERN EUROPE.

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T HE war began in the East of Europe and it will end there. Unhappily it has not ended yet. Ten months have passed since Germany capitulated on the Western Front, but the...

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LABOUR RECEIVES ITS WARNING.

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I F Labour utters its warnings—like the startling announce- ment about the probability of a railway strike made by Mr. J. H. Thomas—it also receives its warnings. The result of...

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LABOUR AND THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS.

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rrIIIE problems which will be considered at the International J. Labour Conference at Washington on October 29th next are set forth in Article 424 of the Peace Treaty with...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR. • [Letters of the length of

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one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] --- NATIONALIZATION AND TICE LIQUOR TRADE. CTo THE...

THE RETURN OF DR. JOHNSON. A IKE every one else, even

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the mcst blatant of optimists, we have been perturbed by the general outlook, and found the signs of the times hard to read. We have had our fears, named and unnamed. We have...

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " Sesararoa.")

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SIR,—Permit me to say that I much approve your proposal of a State Purchase Bill to deal with •the licensing difficulty.—

[To Tue EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Together with many

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other readers, I am •-much gratified that you have again found occasion to refer at length to the Nationalization of Liquor. It will, I am sure, interest you to know that Sir J....

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—It is good

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to hear that the Labour Party is likely to apply itself seriously to the problem of the administration of the Liquor Trade. On June 28th, 1918, the Labour Party Conference...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") do not ask

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for your valuable space in order to state the arguments—so often repeated—for that national control of the liquor traffic which can only be fairly secured by a State Purchase...

ITo THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

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Ent, — It may be of interest to your readers to know that the policy of State Ownership is receiving the support of the Labour Movement in various Colonies as well as in Great...

LTo THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.")

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Sri,—Your articles on this Subject are eliciting a good deal of correspondence, and it is interesting to observe how strongly your views are commended by the various writers....

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CHRISTIAN TRUTH AND CATHOLIC TRADITION." Pro THE EDITOR OF THE

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" SPEOTATOR."1 Elm—Your kindly reference in last week's Spectator to my recent letter in the Times on " Christian Truth. and Catholic Tradition" encourages me to ask you for...

INTERCHANGE OF PULPITS. (To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR:1

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SIR,—The Bishop of Carlisle's letter on this subject which you eulogize conveys a rather unpleasant implication that Bishop Gore and those who agree with him hold in less esteem...

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THE GRAMMAR OF• THE BISHOPS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—On p. 359 of the Spectator you quote, from the Bishop of Carlisle's letter to the Times of September 11th, a paragraph Bich begins:— "...

CASTE AND CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM IN INDIA. [To THE EDITOR OF

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THE " SPECTATOR."1 SIR,—The convincing argument on p. 361 of your issue of Sept- ember 20th, based on the great work of Dr. Vincent Smith, is generally applicable to Hindus, but...

IRISH PARTITION.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE SPECTATOR."1- • SIR,—I feel grateful to you for publishing my letter about Irish matters in the last issue of the Spectator, and also for the courteous...

THE DOMINIONS AND MONARCHICAL FORMS. [To THE EDITOR OF THE

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" SPECTATOR."] Stu,—In Canada also we have a certain class of people who, like " New Zealander," inveigh on occasion against the " I " and " My " of the King and pride...

THE SUPPRESSION OF NEWSPAPERS IN IRELAND. [To THE EDITOR OF

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THE "SPECTATOR."] see that Government has been suppressing Irish Nationalist and Sinn Fein newspapers because they published an advertisement or prospectus of the proposed Sinn...

THE PENSION SCANDAL IN OUR VILLAGE.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—This information may be of use to one of your corre- spondents. We are not a community of yokels, but for the most part of up-to-date...

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"THE FUTURE."

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—In your kindly reference to The Future appearing in last week's Spectator you state that the contributions are com- piled from...

PISil DE TERRE.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."] Sus,—In the valuable article on " Pise de Terre " in your issue of last week the origin and meaning of the word " Pis6 " are relegated to...

THE ITALIAN SUMMER SCHOOL AT GIRTON. [To THE EDITOR OF

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THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—Ileaders of the Spectator may be interested to hear that a most successful Italian Summer School was held during the Long Vacation at Girton College,...

POPE AS A PAINTER.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") Ste,—It is unlikely that Pope's Madonnas were the horrible daubs imagined by your critic. Jerras was weak in drawing, but was a fine...

the Spertatar

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We suggest that there can be no better Present in Peace or War than an Annual Subscription to the Spectator. He or she who gives the Spectator as a present will give a weekly...

AUTHOR FOUND.

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[To THE EDITO% OP THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—The question asked by " A." has probably bee-i answered before this. If not, perhaps the following from Leitch Ritchie—Turner's Annual...

THE LATE SIR WILLIAM WHITE.

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[TO THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—I have undertaken to write a biography of the late Sir William White, 1C.C.B., Director of Naval Construction and Assistant Controller...

" FORMACEAN."

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Replying to your inquiry last week as to the derivation of " formacean," I may point out that Pliny explains that parietes formacei "...

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POETRY.

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THREE GIFTS. " Courage, Love, and Fun."—(George Wyndham's motto.) EACH day a beggarwoman at the portal Of God's high house, by urgent need emboldened, I ask three gifts for...

NO2'ICE.-11'hett " Correspondence " or Articles are signed with the

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writer's name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or...

BOOKS.

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INDUSTRY AND TRADE.• PROFESSOR MAPS'S ALT has kept us waiting nearly twenty years for the second volume of his Principles of Economics, but he has made full amends for the...

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SWINBURNE ON SHAKESPEARE'S CONTEMPORARIES.*

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THESE nine essays now for the first time collected together include as their pike de resistance the study of Chapman published in book form in 1875, which has been out of print...

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DEMOCRATIC IDEALS AND REALITY.*

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ANY one who lightly assumes that the Allied victory has made a new world to which the lessons of the past do not apply will be annoyed by Mr. Mackinder's thoughtful book. The...

FEEDING THE TROOPS.*

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HOWEVER completely the superficial aspects of war have changed since our very remote ancestors tackled each other simply and beautifully with stone clubs, there is one...

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REPETITION.*

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MOST men who are not too young to have forgotten their school- days will remember the process by which their teachers strove to inculcate in them a love of all that is noble...

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FICTION.

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.rti.E ARROW OF GOLD.• Mu. CONRAD employs.his method of clairvoyance retrospectively in The Arrow of Gold to illuminate the closing scenes of the Second Empire and the opening...

The Diary of a South African. By M. ?L Steyn.

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(Cape Town: J. 0. Jute. 5s. ed.)—This unpretentious autobiography contains interesting chapters on Kimberley and Johannesburg in the early days. Mr. Steyn was born at the Cape,...

Yellowleaf. By Sachs Gregory. (William Heinemann. 7s. net.)—If, as may

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be presumed from the absence of- other works on the title-page, Yellowleaf is a first novel, it is a decidedly remarkable production. The theme is both original and -subtle, and...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in this column does not necessarily previa& cubsepoed review.) Whams' A.B.C. of the Great War. Compiled by E. W. Colbrook. (Odhams. 6s. net.)—This book of reference to...

How the War Came. By Lord Loreburn. (Methuen. 7a. 6d.

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net.)—Lord Loreburn's book recalls, and seems to be inspired by, the old feud within the Liberal Party between the " Little Englanders " and the Liberal Imperialists. Most...

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on the Rand. He set up a store there in

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1887 " on the bare published by the British Committee of the Trento-Trieste National Association of Italy, has ceased publication as a weekly journal and will, it is hoped,...

Lord Charnwood says some wise and true things about America

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in a short article in the current Anglo-French Review. " While in some ways Americans may think too much of the greatness of their country, it is really a more serious defect...

Sapper Dorothy Lawrence, the Only English Woman Soldier. (Lane. 58.

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net.)—In the old days it was not uncommon for a woman to enlist as a sailor or soldier. One woman, as a corre- spondent recently reminded us, rose to a high position in the Army...

How to See the Battlefields. By Captain Atherton Fleming. (Cassell.

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2s. 6d. net.)—This is a readable and practical little guide to the battle-zone from Nieuport and Ypres to the Marne and Aisne, interspersed with anecdotes from the author's own...

The Dramatic Records of Sir Henry Herbert. Edited by Joseph

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Quincy Adams. (Yale University Press and H. Milford. 10s. 6d. net.)—Students of the seventeenth-century stage will find this book useful and interesting. It contains all the...

Boche and Bolshevik. By Hereward T. Price. (Murray. 68. net.)—The

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author of this book is an Englishman by birth who, some years before the war, became naturalized as a German, presumably in order to improve his position as a lecturer at Bonn....

Speeches from Thucydides. Selected from Jowett's Translation. (Clarendon Press. Is.

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net.)—Professor Gilbert Murray has chosen fifteen famous passages, chiefly speeches, from Jowett's version of Thucydides, and written an Introduction in which he dis- cusses the...

To Kiel in the Hercules.' By Lewis R. Freeman. (Murray.

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6s. net.)—In this highly interesting book Mr. Freeman describes the visit of the Allied Naval Commission last December to the German naval ports and air stations for the purpose...

The Salonica Side-Show. By V. J. Seligman. (Allen and Unwin.

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10s. 6d. net.)—The tedium of a long campaign in un- healthy Macedonia did not affect Mr. Seligman's spirits. His second book is even more amusing and also more instructive than...

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We are glad to notice that the zeal of the

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map-makers has not diminished with the return of peace. It is a sign, we hope, of renewed public interest in geography. The first part of The " Daily Telegraph" Victory Atlas...

Oster and Ireland. By James Winder Good. (Maunsel. 6s. net.)—There

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is nothing new in this Nationalist diatribe against Protestant Ulster, except perhaps the frank admission, qualified afterwards, that there is a fundamental difference between...