28 AUGUST 1915

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The Admiralty announced on Friday week that the British submarine

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'E13,' while proceeding to the Baltic, had grounded on the Danish island of Salthohn, and that fifteen men were missing. A further Admiralty announcement made last Saturday...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE dark news from Russia of the past few weeks has been relieved by a considerable naval success in the Gulf of Riga. We heartily congratulate our brave and much-enduring ally...

This act of chivalry on the part of the Danish

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sailors, and their sympathy with the defenceless crew of the submarine, will not soon be forgotten in England. It was worthy of "the gallant, good Rion." We are not surprised to...

A German Dreadnought, believed to be the battle-cruiser 'Moltke,' was

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also torpedoed in the Baltic by a British submarine, though the evidence is not conclusive that she foundered. Part of the German plan was a landing near Pernau. Several...

The German attempt On the Gulf was comparable in a

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way with our own failure to force the Dardanelles in March. It is true that the Gulf is a very much wider water than the Dardanelles, but the actual channel is narrow. The...

August 6th in the western extremity of the Gallipoli Peninsula.

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As a result of "very severe and continuous fighting," with heavy losses to both sides, our fcrdes, though they have not yet gained the objectives aimed at, have made a decided...

The Russians appear to be at least delaying the German

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advance at other points besides Riga, and where speed is an essential element in a great German success this is to the good. Nowhere have the retreating Russians been caught and...

*** TO OUR READERS.—The " SPECTATOR " is now published

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or Friday afternoon, and is on sale at all Messrs. Smith and Son's London Bookstalls and all London Newsagents. All country readers can now obtain the paper on Saturday morning,...

The Editors cannot undertake to return Manuscript in any case.

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A further attack on the 21st advanced the Anzac left

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about three-quarters of a mile and "secured a system of strong knolls and under-features," but on the rest of the front, though the advanced Turkish trenches were stormed, our...

If Germany really means to treat Bulgaria as she treated

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Belgium, we can only say that she proposes to do for the cause of Britain, France, and Russia what their own diplomacy has hitherto failed to do for them. She would show...

Considerable activity has been shown on the Belgian coast during

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the week. Berlin communiques of Monday and Tuesday announced that an enemy fleet of forty ships had shelled the German coastal defences at Zeebrugge on Monday morning, while...

Again, the numbers saved showed that there was '" ample

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time" to lower the beats, and if lives were lost it must have been because the boats were unseaworthy. Finally, the fact that lifebelts were ready on deck showed that the...

Last Sunday's papers announced that Italy had declared war on

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Turkey. The reasons which prompted this decisive step are given in a circular addressed by the Italian Govern- ment to their representatives abroad. This document states that...

Germany's handling of the outrage is characteristic and familiar. Count

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Bernstorff has requested the American State Department to defer action until be has bad an opportunity of presenting it with the report of the German Government. He asserts that...

The only German reply to the last American Note has

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been a violent and practical one. The White Star liner Arabic,' 15,800 tons, outward bound from Liverpool to New - York, was torpedoed without warning sixty miles off the Irish...

The most serial's news from the Balkans is to be

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found in an undated despatch from Bucharest in which the Times correspondent in the Balkans describes the plans for a new Austro-German invasion of Serbia. Large forces have...

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As for what America will do if German concessions do

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not release her from her own standing pledge to act, it seems to be generally thought that she will break off relations. If this should be the course taken, it would be a....

The news from the United States as we write these

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lines suggests that the American Government hope that some concession from Germany may improve the situation. For ourselves, we bold to the view that President Wilson, though...

It is suggested that the American Government would be satisfied

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if the commanders of German submarines always warned passenger vessels and placed the passengers in boats before sinking the vessels. We do not believe for a moment that America...

The contraband Proclamation will of course cause American shippers to

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hesitate to send cotton destined for Germany, because in future both ship and cargo will be liable to con- fiscation. We cannot see, from this point of view, that our new policy...

The papers of Monday announced that both the British and

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French Governments have decided to declare cotton absolute contraband. The British Government in publishing the decision say that, though "circumstances might have justified...

Various accounts have been published during the week of the

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speech made by Dr. Helfferich, the German Minister of Finance, and we hesitate to say what the true version may be. One report attributes to Dr. Helf%rich the statements that...

Bank Rate - , 5 per cent:, changed from 6 p.c. Aug.

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86,1914.

Wednesday's papers contained what is apparently a semi- official calculation

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of the numbers of the German forces now in the field and the German casualties at the end of a year's war. The writer estimates the forces on the western front at 1,800,000, on...

The calculation does not include troops on the lines of

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communications, or tell us bow many men of military age are employed in Germany on work of a military character and on railways. As regards the casualties, the estimate is un-...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE NATIONAL SERVICE CONTROVERSY. T HE new movement in favour of National Service, which we desire heartily to support, has caused a singular outburst of recrimination, and we...

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THE GERMAN CHANCELLOR AND SIR EDWARD GREY.

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S IR ED*ARD GREY has shown much wisdom in deciding, since Parliament is not sitting, to answer the extraordinary speech of the German Chancellor by a letter to the newspapers....

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OUR FINANCIAL DUTY.

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r HE current issue of the Bound Table contains an I_ important article on " England's Financial Task," the main purpose of which is to press home the need for both private and...

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A CONVERTED PEACE-MAN. T HE progress of the war has gradually

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brought England into closer union with the Allies, and Englishmen into closer uuion with one another. They have realized what a German victory would moan for themselves, for...

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A. NEW LEAF..

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rrHERE is no desire of the human heart more instinctive -L than the desire for change—unless, indeed, it be the love of the habitual I How often we have all longed to break with...

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TEN YEARS IN AN AUSTRIAN PRISON.

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I N 1820 the young Piedmontese poet and playwright, Silvio Pellico, was living in Milan. 411e had been tutor to the children of Count Porro lambertenghi, and at his Lcuse had...

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IN BIRDLAND.

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O NE sometimes imagines that the number of people interested in the preservation of our wild birds is on the increase. With the steady growth of city life, the school- boy is a...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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AN ANSWER TO "BATAVIER." r To THE EDITOR, OF THE " SPECTATOR.n can and will not leave your readers under the impres- sion that " Batavier" spoke last week in your columns for...

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"OPEN LETTER.

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New York, —, 1915. Dr, HUGO KIRBACR, Recording Secretary, German University League, New York. DEAR am in receipt of your letter requesting me, as a former student in certain...

GERMAN AIMS: AN AMERICAN VIEW. [To TUE EDITOR OF TUE

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"SPECTAT016.1 Sin,-1 think your readers may like to read the enclosed letter written last spring by a distinguished American University man to the Recording Secretary of the...

THE COTTON QUESTION IN THE UNITED STATES.

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[To TE2 EDIT011 OF TII• ..SPZCZATOZ:1 SIR, — Nothing can shake the conviction, steadily held by the vast majority of the American people, that Great Britain and her allies are...

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THE TURNING-POINT IN GERMANY'S HISTORY.

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rro THE EDITOR OF THE " SPEOTATOR."1 am loth to trespass on your space, but a word of elucidation seems to be due to the writer of the article under the above title which...

THE VALIDITY OF THE DRAFT.

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[To THE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—The leading articles in which you have reviewed the proposed conscription in Great Britain have interested ma deeply. In support of the...

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THE VICTUALLING OF THE NATION.

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[To TEl EDITOR OW TEL SPECTATOR."] Sses,—The securing of the food supply during the war is so vitally important that many of us wish we could have some definite assurance from...

OUR WAR FINANCE. Pro TRU EDITOR Or TEL "ErsoTATon."1 SIR,—It

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will, I think, be admitted that it is very necessary there should be some clear thinking upon the question of our war finance and its effect upon the wealth and prosperity of...

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WOMEN IN GERMANY.

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[To TILE EDITOR OF TILE "SPECTATOR"] Sin,—From the year 1886 to 1911 I have at intervals stayed in Germany. At Minden, Elberfelcl, and Dresden I have been in homes of various...

OBLIGATORY MILITARY TRAINING.

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rTo T. EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.'] Sin,—Time, it is affirmed, is one of the chief allies of this country in the war. Why, then, are we allowing the precious days, weeks, and...

NATIONAL SERVICE.

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(To THE EDITOR OF TEE " SPECTATOIV] SIR,—Some of your contemporaries point out, justly enough, that we have a threefold national task ; that we have to provide not only fighting...

EXPERIENCES OF AN ENUMERATOR.

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[TO TEE EDITOR OP TEA " S2ECTATOR:9 Sin,— One experience of mine as an enumerator may be useful to the authorities. It has been that large numbers of forms give the actual...

THE INDUSTRIAL RESERVE,

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[To TILE EDITOR OP TUE " SPECTATOR. " ) Sus,—We should like to thank you for inserting our second appeal on behalf of Raine's Foundation Schools for money to purchase a...

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DR. WATTS'S HYMNS.

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[TO Tun EDITOR OP TUE "SPECTATOR:9 SIB, — It is interesting and instructive to careful readers of the Spectator to refer occasionally to a file or bound volumes so well indexed....

BUNS: A VOICE FROM THE FRONT. [To TEM ENTOR Or

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THE .'Srscrivos.."] Sirt,—May one who has served nearly ten months with the Expeditionary Force say one word as to the attitude, as it appears to him, of a greet many people at...

"ONE CROWDED HOUR OF GLORIOUS LIFE."

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[TO VIE EDITOR Or TER "SPEOTATOR."] SIR,—Some little time ago you printed a letter from me con- taining a Greek translation of some lines by Sir Henry Newbolt. Will you now let...

CULTURE AND THE GOSPEL.

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(To Tun EDITOR OF Till "SPEOTATOR."1 Si,—You may think it worth while to notice some words of Dr. Rudolf Sohm, Professor of Law at Leipsio. They occur at the end of his...

GERMANIA CONTRA MUNDUM.

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[To TRH EDITOR OF THE "SPEOTATOR."1 Sin,—Re Lord Cromer's article "Germania Contra Mundum —IV.," I should like to mention that, besides the two therein named, at least one...

RUSSIAN WORDS IN ENGLISH DRESS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF Tina "SPRCTATOR:] Sin,—Russian is unknown to me, but I have been interested in the transliteration of other languages, and have arrived at the conclusion,...

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DR. WATTS AND SOUTHAMPTON.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 TEE . EPIECTATOR."1 SIR, — Southampton folk cherish the tradition that "There is a land of pure delight" was suggested by a sunset on South- ampton Water. But...

THE DECORATION OF ST. PAUL'S.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—The late Mr. G. F. Watts once told me that through the death of Dean Milman he lost the opportunity of decorating the drum of the dome...

MEMORIALS AND MONUMENTS.

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[To THE EDITOR 07 TUE "SPECTATOR."] Sin,—May I thank the writer of the review on "Memorials and Monuments" in your issue of August 14th for an admir- able and pregnant sentence...

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATER.1

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Sin,—Tn reference to the very excellent suggestion in the Epeetator of the 14th curt, relative to the collection of designs suitable for war memorials, Mr. Robert Duncan,...

SWALLOWS AT THE FRONT.

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pro THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR." Sin,—You may care to print the following notes recently sent me by a Belgian officer at the front.—I am, Sir, &c., A. M. S. "La 6 dolt, 1915....

SUBURBAN WAR FOOD SOCIETIES.

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[To TES EWTOR 01 , THE "arserAToft.") SIR,—The Parliamentary War Savings Committee advises the formation of village War Food Societies, but I should think there is more land and...

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POETRY.

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HIS ONLY WAY, I STOOD to-day high on the Downs And talked long with a shepherd lad; I found him pondering by his sheep, Motionless, etaring-eyed, and sad. But, leaning on his...

BOOKS.

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THE GERMAN HISTORIANS.* AMIDST the numerous results which have ensued from the present war, one of the most notable assuredly is that the mask has been torn from the face of...

KENSINGTON WAR HOSPITAL SUPPLY DEPOT.

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[To TEE EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOS."1 St,—I should like to call the attention of your readers to the admirable work which is being done by the Kensington War Hospital Supply...

NOTICE.—When "Correspondence" or .Arlidee are tripled with the writer's eons

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked "Communicale4," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with The views therein repressed or with the mode of...

THE CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS.

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PansiDENT : LORD DESBOROUGEL How. Sacas'rARr1 PERCY A. HARRIS, Esq. HEAD OFFICES : Judges' Quadrangle, Royal Courts of Justice (Carey Street entrance). M.•••■■•■•■■•,.. The...

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WAR'S BALANCE-SHEET.* WE are learning many practical lessons in economics

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nowadays. It is even whispered that a few weeks ago the War Office discovered that horse manure, which till then it had carefully burnt, was a useful article which could be sold...

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GERMANY EMBATTLED" IN judging of Mr. Villard's book it is

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desirable to take note of his antecedents, heredity, and environment. He is the grandson of William Lloyd Garrison, the Abolitionist; be was born in Germany, which is still, we...

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SIR W. M. RAMSAY'S NEW BOOK.* THIS is a volume

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of lectures given at the Union Theological Seminary in Virginia ; and perhaps the terms of the trust required their publication. Else it is hard to see why they were published....

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A "Ir.T.C." HANDBOOK.* Mn. F. A. M. WEBSTER, who has

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bad considerable experience in both the old Volunteers and the Territorial Force, is now doing good service as Regimental Commandant—a rank corresponding to Brigadier-General in...

LEARNING TO COOK.* WRITERS on household economy are doing their

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best to help us with good advice, and among the many books on this subject which are now appearing we would give a high place to Mrs. Peel's last volume. She tells us that the...

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JAPAN AND AMERICA.* Tun Federal Council of the Churches of

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Christ in America, at the request of Christian missionaries in Japan, recently appointed a Commission on Relations with Japan to inquire into the possibilities of removing the...

The Good Ship Brompton Castle a Novel. By Lady Bell.

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(Mills and Boon. 65.)—It will be obvious to Lady Bell's many friends and admirers that she took a long sea voyage before writing her new novel. The most important scenes in The...

FICTION.

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LAND OF OF THE SCARLET LEAF.f Tun fact that Mrs. Taylor's story won the Canadian prize in Messrs. Hodder and Stoughton's 21,000 all-British novel com- petition will ensure it a...

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This year's edition of Fighting Ships, by Mr. Fred T.

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Jane, has reached US (Sampson Low and Co., 21s. net). The Admiralty has decided that the entire section dealing with the British Navy ninst be omitted from the public edition...

READABLE NovELe.—Love in Fetters. By Richard Marsh (Cassell and Co.

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es.)—Although this story of mystery by Mr. Marsh—whose recent death we regret to note—is long-drawn- out and rather pointless, it has moments of keen excitement. — The Yellow...

Mr. Joseph McCabe's The Soul of Europe (T. Fisher Unwin,

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10s. 6d. net) is an attempt at the analysis of the essential characteristics of the different nations taking part in the war, a separate chapter being given to the discussion of...

The Jacket. By Jack London. (Mills and Boon. 6s.)— Mr.

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Jack London has gone too far. In his last book he raised in our minds the question how far a novelist may be justified in writing of physical horrors ; now, in his analysis of a...

The plot of Mr. John Masefield's new prose tragedy, The

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Faithful (William Heinemann, 3s. 6d. net), is based—though he does not mention the fact—upon an episode in Japanese history at the beginning of the eighteenth century, which has...

We have all talked a great deal about Warsaw in

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the last few weeks, but not many of us have much conception of the city's appearance or of its history. Mr. Rothay Reynolds given us plenty of information on both these points...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Notice in thio column does not necessarily preen& oularcquent review.] The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament : Illustrated from the Papyri and other non-Literary Sources. By J....

• Wales : her Origins, Struggles, and Later History, Insti-

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tutions and Manners, by Mr. Gilbert Stone (Q. G. Harrap and Co., 7s. ed. net), is an authoritatively written short history of the Welsh • people. Especial emphasis is laid ....