30 JANUARY 1915

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B 00 K S.

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SCHOOLS AND SCHOOL-BOOKS. * Lrvitto speech is grammatical without thinking about it, jest as men are healthy without thinking about their health. For grammar is only a kind of...

?Literary Ouppirinent.

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LONDON IANITAKY 30th, 1915.

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THE WORK OF A LIFETIME.*

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Tees late Lord Chief Justice has kept very strictly to the title he has chosen. So far as the continuous narrative goes, it is limited to his professional career. On p. 7 the...

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MORE WAR BOOKS.*

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UNnen the title Tho Origins of the War Professor Holland Rose, Reader in Modern History in the University of Cam- bridge, publishes a series of lectures delivered by him in...

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A MANY-SIDED MAN.* THOUGH" many-sided" is the received epithet for

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a man of more than one pursuit, it is hardly the one that best describes the career of the first Lord A rebury. Two aspects of his mind, the pursuit of scientific research and...

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CATHERINE THE GEEAT.

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THE author of a work on Russian history—a large part of which must have been written before the present war--4s necessarily at a disadvantage. English ideas about Russia are...

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THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY.*

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"THE Loeb Classical Library," of which nearly sixty volumes have now been published, was designed by the wealthy and public.spirited American whose name it bears for the purpose...

ROBERT SPENCE WATSON.*

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Mit. CORDER prefers to arrange his Life of Robert Spence Watson " under topics " rather than chronologically. This is a point on which the author is commouly the beat judge. But...

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CURRENT LITERAT URE.

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Ainslie Gore. By Major Gambier-Parry. (Smith, Elder, and Co. 6s. net.)—There could have been no moment more opportune for the appearance of Major Gambier-Parry's latest book...

HOLLAND AND THE WAR.*

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MR. ROBERTSON SCOTT is well known as an authority upon Holland and its industries, a description of which in more normal times than the present occupies the great bulk of the...

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We are glad to see a cheap edition of Messrs.

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Lang, Leaf, and layeree admirable prose version of The Iliad of Homer (Macmillan and Co., 3a. Gd.), timely reading when the wrath of n very twopenny Achilles has once more...

It is a curious thing that the country which invented

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the "quick lunch" also prides itself on the scientific study of foods and their digestibility. Professor Henry 0. Sherman, of Columbia University. summarizes a great body of...

The tenth Earl of Dundonald—better known by his previous title

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of Lord Cochrane—is no romantic a figure that one can hardly believe that be was once accused of using his Navy experience for stock-jobbing purposes in order to disseminate a...

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LOTDolf Printed by L. llscOM GM.I. d. Boa, LTD., at

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the London and County Printing Wort, Drury Una, W.C. ; and Published by Jone Benno for the • Iirscrstos" (Limited), at their Ogoe, 105.1 Wellington Street, in the Precinct of...

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We have dealt elsewhere with the prospects of a Turkish

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advance on Egypt, but may note here that Friday's Daily Mail contains a Cairo telegram which states that some skirmishing took place on Wednesday in the vicinity of the...

A very interesting account is given in the Times of

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Friday of a visit to the wounded German prisoners in the Edinburgh hospital. It shows the German sailor in a very favourable light. The men evidently fought with great...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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HE week has been a good one for the Allies. We have 1. described in detail elsewhere the battle in the North Sea and the splendid work done by our Navy. Patience and a refusal...

On land, though the victories of the Allies have not

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been so sensational as on sea, it is clear that the efforts of his generals to win the Kaiser a birthday present have been singularly unsuccessful, and have resulted in what in...

Another interesting item of news published in the Daily Mail

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telegram of Friday is that a German spy was captured near El-Kantara, and was "practically rescued from drown- ing in the defensive inundationa." It may also be mentioned that a...

The news from the eastern theatre of the war shows

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no decisive actions during the week, but it is clear that great developments are impending. In the Mid-Carpathians a huge concentration of Austro-German forces is going on, and...

alte :prrtator

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FOB THE No. 4,518.1 . WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, JANUARY 30, 1915. [ Reourreeze es a 1 Paree.....—...844 New f Br Posr...64o. Pewees ABM.,

The Editors cannot undartak to return Manuscript in any ease.

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Friday's Times contains some interesting speculations on the prospects of

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President Wilson's Bill for establishing a Government-owned American mercantile marine. The President, says the Times, is determined to get the Bill through, and he is equally...

The Matins has received, rid Geneva, some very important information

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as to the revolt which is proceeding amongst the Southern Slays in Hungary, a revolt which the Orthodox clergy are stated to be beading. At Agram, we are told, crowds headed by...

The Associated Press published in America on Monday an account

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of an interview with the German Chancellor, who tried to explain away his phrase a "scrap of paper." In using this phrase to Sir Edward Goschen be had not meant that the Treaty...

It would be an impertinence for an English newspaper to

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say anything which might look like interfering in the very slightest degree with a purely domestic American matter, As friends of America we cannot, however, refrain from two...

The general interference with American trade of which Britain ie

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accused, Mr. Bryan goes on, is not due to the fact that Britain is acting illegally, but to the fact that she alone commands the sea. The sale of arms to belligerents cannot be...

On Thursday it was announced that the Bank of England

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has arranged to provide a loan of five millions for the Roumanian Government. All item of news of this kind requires no comment. In war time our purse-strings are not unloosed...

We admit that sound strategy is dead against the policy

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of petits paquets, and forbids any attempt at landing an expeditionary force at Fiume or Ragusa, but the natural man cannot help wishing that an army, half British and half...

Last Sunday the State Department at Washington issued a letter

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from Mr. Bryan to Mr. Stone, the Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, in which Mr. Bryan answers the charge that the American Government have "shown...

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The Morning Post has published several letters recently from correspondents

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of weight inviting the Government to make a more definite call upon the acientifio brains of the country. "We are far behind the Germans," says one oorrespondeut, " in the...

M. klillemnd, the French Minister for War, visited England at

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the end of last week and conferred with the King, Lord Kitchener, Mr. Asquith, Sir Edward Grey, and Mr. ChurchilL At Aldershot he was shown the troops quartered there as well as...

Once more we may remind our readers of the Spectator

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Fund to provide for the expenses of the Central Association of Volun- teer Training Corps. The great and growing auce.esa of the movement throws a vast deal of work on the...

Sir Edward Grey then goes on to show why the

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conversa- tions in Belgium occurred. Germany was establishing an elaborate network of strategic railways leading to the Belgian frontier—railways deliberately designed for an...

The British merchant steamer ' Durward,' from Leith to Rotterdam,

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was torpedoed by the German submarine ' U19' on Thursday week, thirteen miles off the Maas lightship. The submarine took off the crew of the • Durward' before sinking her, and...

The papers of Wednesday published Sir Edward Grey's crushing reply

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to these wrigglings of the German Chancellor. It is not surprising, he remarks, that the Chancellor should be anxious to explain away a phrase which debases the legal end moral...

The February number of the World's Work contains a very

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striking reply by Sir Edward Grey to the question asked him by the editor how the United States could best help the cause of humanity in the present war. Sir Edward Grey says...

The Russian Naval General Staff have announced that on Monday

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a Zeppelin was brought down by gunfire at Liban. The Zeppelin dropped nine bombs on an undefended part of the town before being hit. It then fell into the water. Small craft...

The Times correspondent in the Balkan Peninsula said in Wednesday's

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paper that attention in Roumania is centred on the approaching Anetro-German invasion of Serbia. The fresh forces being concentrated along the Danube are of good quality and...

The Morning Post of Wednesday published another letter from a

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Hungarian correspondent in Budapeet. He states that the reason why Count Beratold resigned was that he wished to out the losses in Serbia and not attempt another invasion. Count...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from 6 per cent.

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Aug. 8th.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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THE RUNNING FIGHT IN THE NORTH SEA. T HEsplendid success of the battle-cruisers under Admiral Beatty in the North Sea last Sunday means much more than that they sunk the German...

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THE INVASION OF EGYPT.

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A S we write on Friday news comes that contact has been reached between the Turkish Army invading Egypt and the British force. It is conceivable that not long after these pages...

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WHAT IS WRONG WITH GERMANY?

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"Thinking calms men of other nations ; it inflames the Germans." —(Mine. do StabTs "Da l'AUentagne"). rPHE title that we have chosen for this article, as will I_ be seen from...

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A GREAT DANGER.

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W P., publish in our correspondence columns some criticisms that have been made on our article of last week—" A Great Danger." We have no intention of apologizing in any way...

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FREE TRADERS AND TRADE PROBLEMS.

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L ORD CROMER'S letter in the Times of January 23rd is an opportune reminder, to people who are unfamiliar with the fact, that Free Traders are not mere abstract economists, but...

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REPRISALS.

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grE RE has been n a tendency among some newspapers, and perhaps still more among private persons, to demand that the murder of non-oomhatants on the East Collet by German ships...

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FRAGMENTS FROM AN OFFICER'S DIARY IN SOUTHERN POLAND.

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I can guarantee the genuineness of the subjoined fragments from an officer's diary in Southern Poland after the first German invasion. They reach me from Mine. de Bellegarde,...

THE MENTAL GOOSE-STEP.

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H UMAN nature has a tendency to strut. No one nation has the monopoly of the goose-step, figuratively speak- ing. Perhaps we have all felt the prompting from time to time, and...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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MAY NOT PRIDE BE CARRIED TOO FAR [To was Eorroa 07 woo "Brecrewoz..1 Silk—As an American who wishes with all his soul, not merely for the defeat of Germany, but for her ruin...

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A. GREAT DANGER.

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[To am Emma or rE, "Srecrwroal Sra,—The Spectator has always proved so loyal a friend to the United States that no one generally sharing its feelings can read without keen...

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A 'VOICE FROM AMERICA.

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[To sax Emma or car ..Sescraroal SIR,—The London correspondent of the Chicago Daily News, Mr. E. P. Bell, says in a recent letter about America, printed in the New York Times...

AMERICA AND GREAT BRITAIN,

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(To nu Norma or run .Sreor.won.") Sue,—In connexion with your frank and timely article, "A Great Danger," in last week's Spectator, may I recall an article, "The Last...

CONTRABAND AT SEA.

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[To Tar Eorroa or Tar .13rsomon...1 Sts.,—Possibly the effect upon public opinion in this country of the questions raised in connexion with contraband at sea bas been...

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SOME APPOSITE QUOTATIONS.

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[To TIM EDITOR or THE ° SPRCTATOR- . 1 Sur,—Some apposite quotations from the Greek and Latin classics bearing on the war have recently been adduced—es,., in the Times two...

LOWELL'S "COMMEMORATION ODE."

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[To ran Eorros OF TIER " SrzeraTos..] Sias,—Those melancholy pages of the London illustrated papers, whereon appear the handsome faces of so many fine young Englishmen who...

THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT AS A SHIPOWNER DC rue Eames OF

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TR. "srscrarean Sru,—Your correspondent " A Jeffersonian Democrat " asks in his letter under the above title in the Spectator of January 16th whether there is any modern...

THE TRAFFIC IN PASSPORTS.

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[To sus EDITOR or TEM ° SPECTATOR:] Sin,—I see in your issue of January 23rd you quote a telegram from New York to the Times which says that there was then "a wholesale...

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WOMEN AND A GRICIA,TURAL WORK.

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[To ran Emma or ram "ereen ton"1 Sin,—Referring to your article "Economic Quackery" in your issue of January 23rd and your appeal to women to take part in agricultural work,...

THE BELGIAN FIELD HOSPITAL.

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[TO ens Emma or Tea .EITZOTAIon."3 SIR,—Funds are urgently needed to carry on the work of the Belgian Field Hospital. This Hospital, of which H.M. the Queen of the Belgians is...

HISTORICAL PARALLELS.

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f To ma Emma or sae "Brseraron"j Sra,—The following extracts from Gibbon's Decline and Fall may be of interest at the present time r- " It was the opinion of Mercian, that...

[To ens Emma or ter 'Teraina:1

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Sin, In the Illusions Perdue: of Balzac, Mme. de Busgeton (German philosophy) overcomes the scruples of Lucien (the Kaiser). Present tendencies and pretensions are so faithfully...

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FREE CHURCH MEMORIAL ON THE DISENDO W- MEET OF THE

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WELSH CHURCH. [To vas Melva or vas "Srscraroa"] Stu,—I have had the honour to transmit to the Prime Minister the Free Church Memorial on the question of the Disendowment of...

"SVARNALATA."

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[Ts. THE EDITOR OF Ts. ms."] SIR,—As an old admirer and reader of Sournalata in the original during the last thirty years, may I assure you'. reviewer of Mr. Roy's gallant...

IMPOVERISHED SWITZERLAND.

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ras EDITOR OF THE . HPICTATOR."1 Sin —In your footnote to Professor 3. W. Adamson's letter in the Spectator of January 23rd you very rightly say: "This is not a case for a...

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THE INDIAN TROOPS: AN APPEAL.

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[To TRH EDITOR a/P THE ° SPECTATOR.") Stn,—I am encouraged by the generous response of the public to the appeals for supplying the King's Indian troops in France with...

AMBROSE BIERCE.

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[To me EDITOR or Tao "BrzerATOR. - 1 SI/3,-1 have read with much interest the article in your issue of January 23rd on Ambrose Bierce's " War Stories," with its allusion to...

'LASSIE.'

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pro ens Emma or ens "Brrurrros."1 Sift,—I think you may welcome the following story, for the ti-uth of which I can vouch. Among those survivors of the 'Formidable' who were...

BRITISH SHARPSHOOTERS.

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[TO me Boma or Tot .• SPECTATOR." J BM—Amongst riflemen of experience there is a strong feeling that the war on tire Continent is being waged at a fearful expense in...

COUNTESS ROBERTS'S APPEAL FOB FIELD GLASSES. [To THE Eorros OF

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THE SPECTATOR. "1 Sm—Although the appeal made by my father, Lord Roberts, to sportsmen and others to lend their race, field, or stalking glasses for the use of officers and...

"FROM WAR TO PEACE" MOVEMENT.

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[To ens EDITOR or TICE "SPECTATOR. "] have consented to take the chair at a meeting to be held at the Kingsway Theatre on February 8th, and I would like the public clearly to...

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POETRY.

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"'TIS THIRTY YEARS SINCE "—JANUARY 26r1r, 1883.. WEAVE the bay for the hallowed day When the bells of Memory toll, Blossom red for the life-blood shed, White for the starry...

BOOKS.

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THE GERMAN WAR BOOK.f As revealing a state of mind, this book is one of the most curious, and, we must add, painful, productions we have ever • General Gordon died January...

AN EPITAPH.

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Ames, India, by thy sword we hold, Roberts, and still thy call to arms defame; Her hero's wisdom left his country cold— God grant his ashes set her soul aflame R. W. MACAN.

THE "SPECTATOR" HOME GUARDS FUND. SUBSCRIPTIONS for this Fund should

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he sent to the Spectator Office, or direct to Messrs. Barclay and Co., Goslings' Branch, 19 Fleet Street, London, E.C. Cheques hold be made payable to the "Spectator Home Guards...

NOTICE.—When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the erritees name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, cr ere marked "Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily Le held to be in agreement with the views thereto. erpressed or with the mode of...

THE CENTRAL ASSOCIATION OF VOLUNTEER TRAINING CORPS.

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PRHSIDEIST LORD DESBOROIIGIL Herr. &mummy, PERCY A. HARRIS, Esq. Haan Ornces Judges' Quadrangle, Royal Courts of Justice (Carey Street entrance). The aims and objects of this...

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ANDREW MARTIN FAIRBAIRN, THE late Dr. Fairbairn was a man

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of very considerable erudition and great force of character. His title to fame rests upon the successful efforts he made to improve the education of the Nonconformist Ministry;...

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MUSICIANS OF TO-DAY.*

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Y. ROMAIN ROLLAND is known to many English readers as the author of lean Christopher he is less well known as a dis- tinguished musical critic and biographer, and we are glad to...

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THE EVIDENCE IN THE CASE.*

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We have before now alluded in the Spectator to Mr. Beck's very remarkable presentation of the case of the Allies verses Germany and Austria, and we are delighted to remake...

WHAT IS WRONG WITH GERMANY?*

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WE have dealt elsewhere with certain considerations which, if not specifically treated by Mr. Dawson, are implicit in his arguments. Here we want to point out to our readers how...

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FICTION.

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DELIA. BLANetirLOWEIL 8 Man HITE:MUM Wasn't; novels, apart from their serious aim and their high literary excellence, have been noteworthy fet the judicious opportunism of the...

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Mr. James Murray Mackinlay, who is well known as a

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painstaking and trustworthy student of Scottish antiquities, completes his work on Ancient Church Dedications in Scotland by the issue of a second volume (David Douglas, 12s....

We are apt, in a hasty review of American history,

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to think that slavery was the sole cause which led to the great Civil War of the "sixties." It was the chief cause, no doubt, bat it was not the only one. Other economic and...

The reckless slaughter of birds and beasts which has long

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been permitted in the United States is now recognized as an economic folly, and commendable efforts are being made to preserve the wild life of that great country. Painful...

Principal W. Peterson, of the famous McGill University in Montreal,

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publishes a memorial of his twenty years of suc- cessful work in Canada under the title of Canadian Essays and Addresses (Longmans and Co., 10s. 6d. net). The volume consists of...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Moines in this column does not nrceloarsly proclurlo outocoviont roeirm] year in the library of the Belfast Natural History and Philo- sophimd Society by the Rev. F. W....

The Lower Amazon, by Algot Lange (G. P. Putnam's Sons,

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10s. 6d. net), is a record of three recent journeys made by the author in the State of Pard. These included a canoe trip np the Tocantins River, another to the headwaters of the...

READABLE NOVELS.—A Mixed Pack. By Dorothea Conyers. (Methuen and Co.

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6e.)—Mrs. Conyers's short stories, mostly concerned with bunting and Ireland. are written con- vincingly and with a certain brillianee.—Pelle the Conqueror: Apprenticeship....

Cairo. By Percy White. (Constable and CO. 6s.)—The opening chapters

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of Mr. White's latest book are full of promise. Through the streets of Cairo there moves as spectator and showman Daniel Addington, a normal, healthy English Radical, with a...

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Progressive Portugal, by Ethel V. Hargrove (T. Werner Laurie, 6s.

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net), is a desultory aux:emit of what the author mw on a recent trip through Portugal and what she has read about that country. Wm Hargrove is rather out of her depth when she...

The eighth edition of Dr. A. V. Dicey 's well-known

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haroduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution (Macmillan and Co., 10s. 6d. net) contains a new introduction, covering more than a hundred pages, in which the learned...

Those who have attempted to solve the problems afforded by

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Dickens's unfinished story will find several new and ingenious suggestions in The Mystery in the Drood Family, by Montagu Saunders (Cambridge University Press, 3s. Let). Mr....

The greater part of Artificial Waterways of the World, by

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A. Barton Hepburn (Macmillan and Co., 5s. 6d. net), deals with the canal system of the State of New York, and points out the advantages to be obtained by rescuing this system...

The Story of Yone Noguchi Told by Himself (Chatto and

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Windus, 6s. net) is a delightful though informal autobio- graphy, dealing chiefly with this well-known Japanese poet's experiences in America and England, and with the influence...

A delightful, healthy, and instructive hobby is described by Dr.

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J. P. Williams-Freeman in his introduction to ;Veld Archaeology as Illustrated by Hampshire (Macmillan and Co., 1Se net). Dr. Williams-Freeman has spent his leisure for the last...