31 DECEMBER 1921

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When the debate was resumed on Saturday M. Sarmut, for

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France, argued that countries not represented at Washington —he referred to Germany—would not be bound by any agree. ment prohibiting submarines. Mr. Balfour, in reply, reminded...

Both Englishmen and Americans desire nothing better than to be

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the friends of France and to help her in every emergency. But the French should not forget that idealists are easily estranged. We can write like this without danger of seeming...

On the following day, after Admiral de Bon had developed

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before the Conference the French naval view in favour of the submarine, Mr. Balfour reinforced Lord Lee's contentions in a most persuasive speech. He pointed out that the German...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE New Year will open with the world still beset by doubt and anxiety. Nevertheless, it is safe to say that the prospects are decidedly better than they were a year ago. Of...

Lord Lee, at the Washington Conference on Thursday, December 22nd,

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explained the British proposal for the abolition of submarines. He said that the tonnage of existing American submarines was 83,540, of British submarines 80,C00, of Japanese...

We should greatly like, if we could flatter ourselves that

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we should be listened to, to make yet anpther appeal to the French people. We are sorely afraid that they are in danger of sacri- ficing that American friendship, based on...

Lord Lee pointed out that Great Britain alone had been

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able to extemporise a fleet of submarine catchers, numbering 3,000 vessels of all types. No other nation could hope to do as much in defending herself against hostile...

TO OUR READERS.

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Readers experiencing difficulty in obtaining the "Spectator " regularly and promptly through the aboli- tion of the Sunday post or other causes should become yearly subscribers,...

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As we are responsible for the peace and prosperity of

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Egypt, Lord Allenby's firm action must be approved. Zaghlul and the fanatics in his pay could not be allowed to terrorize the country. Yet it has to be admitted that the return...

On Wednesday, the French delegates made it clear that they

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could not accept Mr. Hughes's proposal. France must have the right to maintain a submarine flotilla with a maximum tonnage of 90,000, and light cruisers with a tonnage of...

It is said that the pressure of public opinion has

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been so strong that the respective followers of Mr. De Valera and Mr. Griffith have come to terms in favour of acceptance. On Wednesday, the Kilkenny County Council passed a...

Lord Allenby, on Thursday, December 22nd, took strong measures against

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the extreme Nationalists who have been promoting unrest in Egypt. Zaghlul Pasha and his eight leading supporters were ordered to cease their agitation and to retire to their...

The postponement of the debate on the Treaty in Dail

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Eireann seems to be for the best. During the Christmas holidays strong opinions have been expressed all over Sinn Fein Ireland in favour of ratification. The Clare County...

M. Philippe Berthelot, the permanent chief of the French Foreign

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Office, resigned his post on Monday in consequence of the attacks made on him in the Chamber. He had, it was said, used undue influence in favour of the Banque Industrielle do...

Mr. Gandhi and his followers, encouraged by Mr. Montagu's leniency,

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ordered a general strike in Calcutta for'Christmas Eve, the day of the Prince's arrival. The Government, however, brought in additional troops and enrolled a Civil Guard of...

The Japanese and Chinese delegates at Washington are still discussing

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the- question of Shantung in private. Mr. Hughes and Mr. Balfour have not yet been invited to mediate between them, so that it would be premature to regard the question as...

We have received a copy of the Gaelic American, a

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journal devoted to the cause of Irish independence, which describes a meeting of the American friends of Irish freedom in New York. The meeting encouraged the Irish people " to...

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The further instalment of the late Mr. Walter H. Page's

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letters in the World's Work .for January is .of special interest because it shows how the late American Ambassador prevented the controversy over our blockade of Germany from...

The appointment of Lord Cavan to succeed Sir Henry Wilson

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as Chief of the Imperial General Staff will command the hearty approval of all who know Lord Cavan or have served under him. At the outset of the War he was recalled from the...

The boomerang effect of a tariff was well illustrated in

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the inquiry held last week by the Board of Trade Committee, under the Safeguarding of Industries Act, into the demand of the glove manufacturers for a. prohibitive duty on...

We much regret to record the death of Sir John

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Hare, the well-known actor. Within his range, which was not a wide one, he was probably the most finished actor of our day. No one who ever saw his Eccles, or his Benjamin...

According to the Observer's Moscow correspondent, Lenin attacked the extreme

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Communists at the Congress of Soviets last week. Reversing all his old arguments, he told his deluded followers that civil war and a rigid Communism could never save Russia from...

The German Supreme Court at Leipzig last week brought to

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in end the lengthy trial of some of the Monarchist conspirators who provoked the abortive counter-revolution of March, 1920. The nominal ringleader, Dr. Kapp, was not in...

The Italian Government were supported by the Chamber last week

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in their refusal to accept the Bolshevik proposals for reopening relations with Russia. The Bolshevik envoy, having failed to terrorize Italy, made haste to accept a commercial...

As for the escapes, the boys were allowed as much

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liberty as possible. Everything was done to develop a sense of honour, but in some eases the boys had taken advantage of their liberty. No one who had visited the playing-fields...

In an interview last Saturday Mr. Shortt, the Home Secretary,

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replied to the criticisms of the Borstal institutions. He said that the worst charge was really a charge of cruelty made against the officers. Many of the men employed had been...

The Anglo-Italian Review for December breaks another lance with Sir

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Charles Addis and the other high financial authorities who are bent on the deflation of prices at the earliest possible moment. It commends the example of Italy, which is very...

Bank Rate, 5 per cent., changed from 5 per cent.

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Nov. 3; 1921; 5 per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 92i; Thursday - week, 91i ; a year ago, 82ft.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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AN IMPERIAL DEMOCRATIC PARTY.—I. W HATEVER may be the name which the new Party in the State will take, whether it be the title we have placed at the head of this article or...

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THE SUBMARINE CONTROVERSY. A LTHOUGH the Washington Conference has un- doubtedly

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hit a nasty snag in the French demands about submarines, we are still confident that, even though the maximum of our ambitions may not be attained, an immense amount of good...

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THE FALSEST OF FALSE ECONOMY.

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A LTHOUGH the Report of - the Geddes Committee on public economy has not been published, there have been several indications of its contents, and it is generally said that a cut...

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CALENDARS. T HERE is something romantic about a new calendar !

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The meanest and most utilitarian " date card " suggests prophecy while still it is January. Neither that nor the gaily decorated thing presented by the butcher to the cook can...

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LACHMAN.

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" Bawal Pindi. June, 1913. Lachman has been my beater for ten months. He is an honest and trustworthy boy, and I can confidently recommend him. He leaves me because the death...

THE WEAKNESS OF WORDS.

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I N spite of the War there is at present a certain mildness in the ordinary manners of private life which, what- ever we may lack in morals or in conventional courtesy, was...

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ALL SOULS' DAY ON MONTE GRAPPA.

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W HILE Italy was speeding her unknown warrior to his tomb in Rome, the Venetian section of the Italian Alpine Club resolved to honour the dead, and commemorate the defence of...

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FINANCE — PUBLIC AND PRIVATE.

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THE FINANCIAL OUTLOOK. FEATURES OF THE PAST YEAR—TRADE DEPRESSION —FALL IN COMMODITY PRICES — BANKING LOSSES—LOWER MONEY RATES—RALLY IN IN- VESTMENT STOCKS—NEW YEAR PROSPECTS—...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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tLetters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read.and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] SOME ELEMENTARY ECONOMICS....

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LOW TEMPERATURE CARBONIZATION.

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ITo THE EDITOR or THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR, — The above subject has recently assumed some prominence in your columns. I doubt, however, if the advocates of the process realize...

WOMEN AND UNEMPLOYMENT.

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ITo THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR, —Wo hear much about the distress of the unemployed, both men and women, but little or nothing is said about the distress of...

LONELY ANGLO-INDIAN CHILDREN.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR."1 SIR,—I think I speak for very many Anglo-Indian parents when I ask whether you, or any of your readers, can suggest a means whereby it would...

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THE CALENDAR.

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ITO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR, — In the notice which you have kindly published in last week's Spectator of my essay on The Calendar, it is suggested that I have...

TRAVELLERS' AID SOCIETY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] Sts,—May I be allowed to make once again an appeal through your columns on behalf of the Travellers' Aid Society, whose beneficent work...

P82: 1921.

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(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."] SIR,—In a well-known weekly journal, which, to do it justice. is in favour of the proposed Anglo-Irish pact, we read, in reference to the...

THE ART OF CONJECTURAL EMENDATION. (To THE EDITOR OF THE

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" SPECTATOR."] SIR,—A few months ago, one of the foremost Latin scholars in Europe (Professor A. E. Housman) read a brilliant paper before the Classical Association at Cambridge...

AUTO - AND DETERO - SUGGESTION.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR"] Sia,—Mr. Hobart-Hampden, in his letter to the Spectator of December 10th, relates his success with M. Cone's method of auto-suggestion as set...

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DEW-PONDS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."1 SIR,—Mr. J. II. Kerner-Greenwood, who writes to you on this subject, is evidently unaware that it has been probed that the so-called...

ASKE'S HATCHAM SCHOOL WAR MEMORIAL. (To THE EDITOR or THE

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" SPECTATOR."] Sia,—A joint committee, representing the boys, past and pre- sent, of Aske's Hatcham School, has raised £1,000 for the erection of a memorial to the many old boys...

HONESTY—POLICY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."' SIR,—In your interesting review of Lord Beaverbrook's book, Success, you refer to Whately's having made the old proverb run : "Honesty is...

LINKS WITH THE PAST.

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[To THE EDITOR Or THE " SPECTATOR.'] SIR,—Perhaps some of your readers may be disposed to emulate or to surpass the following enumeration of links with the past which I find...

THE DRAMA AND EDUCATION.

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[To. THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR."1 SER,—In your issue of November 12th there was an apprecia. tion of tho.Government Committee's Report on this Teaching of English in...

REVOLUTIONARY PROPAGANDA AMONG CHILDREN.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "- SPECTATOR."' you allow me again to call your attention to the increasing revolutionary propaganda among children? The Proletarian School movement and...

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NOTICE.—When " Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's

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name or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor must not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the...

The Editor cannot accept responsibility for any article, poems, or

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letters submitted to him, but when stamped and addressed envelopes are sent he will do his best to return contributions in case of rejection. Poems should be addressed to the...

THE THEATRE.

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"THE TRUTH ABOUT BLAYDS " AT THE GLOBE THEATRE. WHAT strikes one immediately about Mr. A. A. Milne is that he is so much more intelligent than we have come to expect any modern...

A WINTER BUTTERFLY.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " Spgcrwros."] Bra., It may interest some of your readers to hear that to-day- Christmas Day—while walking along the sheltered side of a plantation about...

AUTHORS' FAVOURITE WORDS.

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[To THE EDITOR or THE " Speoreroa."] Sni,—I have just been looking at a letter in the Spectator about "Authors' Favourite Words." Your correspondent speaks of glorious old...

POETRY.

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CONTEMPLATION OF LIFE. 'Cron a scene of endless transformation I gazed unhappy, rivers came and faded, Dragging a momentary brightness from the clouds Into the monochrome of...

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BOOKS.

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RECOVERIES AND DISCOVERIES IN THE CLASSICS.* THERE are certain periods and peoples whose literary history is more interesting than their literature is admirable. Greek...

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THE LUXURY BUILDERS.*

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WHAT Sir Reginald Blomfield writes about architecture is always well worth reading. His latest book on French archi- tecture of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries is one...

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A CLIPPER SHIP.* Tins is a book about a real

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ship by a real seaman. It is a formless book; the proofs have not been read properly and the spelling of some of the words is ludicrous. Nevertheless, Captain W. H. Angel has an...

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ESSAYS ON ZIONISM.*

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IT is well for Christians to realize that there are many different schools of thought in Jewry as in Christendom and, indeed, in Islam. Trotsky and Zinovieff are Jews, but not...

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THE EARLY HISTORY OF SURGERY IN GREAT BRITAIN.* How easy

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are being made the ways of those who desire some historical knowledge of the conditions which at present they consider are the signs of a highly developed civilization ! No...

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PRIESTCRAFT.*

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Tars is a book with a good deal of bitterness in it—a book which one cannot help wishing had not been written, or rather, we should say, a book which we wish there had been no...

LETTERS OF NIETZSCHE.*

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THERE is not much of the " over-man " or the " blonde beast " in the selection which Dr. Levy has made from the numerous private letters of Nietzsche, published long ago in...

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LICHENS ; A REMARKABLE PLANT GROUP.* Tan lichens are a

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very remarkable group of plants. The fact that they can resist extremes of temperature and drought enables them to flourish in the coldest regions of the earth and to exist...

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A HISTORY OF GLASGOW.

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THE late Dr. Robert Renwick, Deputy Town Clerk of Glasgow, who died in January, 1920, had spent many years of a long life in editing the municipal records of Glasgow and other...

THE VICTORIAN AGE.t Those who- are fond of singing the

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songs of the past and regretting the great days of old will be pleased with The Victorian Age. For ourselves, we find the book far too- little sympathetic to the present. We...

THE STUDY OF AMERICAN WIRTORY.

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Loan Baron has printed the admirable lecture - on The Study of American History (Cambridge University Press, 3a Od. net) with which he inaugurated last June Sir George Watson's...

wrSTORICAL WAR. PRINTS.* Tins catalogue raisonni of British military prints,

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edited and compiled by Colonel Crookahank, will be read and regarded with great pleasure by all students of British military history and also all lovers of the art of engraving....

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BRITISH RAILWAYS AND THE GREAT WAR. MR. EDWIN A. PRATT

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has compiled two formidable, but highly interesting, volumes—running to twelve hundred pages on British .Railways and the Great War, their organization, efforts, difficulties...

The Tower of Oblivion. By Oliver Onions. (Hodder and Stoughton.

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7s. 6d. net.)—Those whose imaginations are circum- scribed, and who are unable to conceive of conditions of life outside their own, .or indeed any human experience, had better...

The Mother of All Living. By Robert Keable. (Constable. 7s.

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6d. net.)—The chief interest of this volume is not Mr. Keable's exposition of feminine psychology, but his descriptions of South African scenery. He contrives to make his reader...

FICTION.

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The Haunting. By C. A. Dawson Scott. (Heinemann. 7s. 6d. net.)—However ghastly may be the nature of most ghost stories, there is generally a considerable element of comedy in...

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OTHER Novnrs.—Billa of Ingleside. By L. M. Montgomery. (Hodder and

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Stoughton. 7s. 6d. net.)—Those who became enamoured of " Anne " in her Green Gables days and kept company with her in her House of Dreams will be glad to meet her again and to...

THE JANUARY MAGAZINES.

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THE Nineteenth Century opens with a highly interesting article by Lord Crewe on " The Sulgrave Institution and the Anglo- American Society," which are doing much, in an...

POETS AND POETRY.

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MR. W. J. TURNER'S NEW POEMS.* MOST of Mr. Turner's shorter pieces have a certain quality which it is difficult to name. To me they recall the image of a black opal. This simile...

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John Hunter, D.D. By Leslie Stannard Hunter. (Hodder and Stoughton.

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12s. 6d. net.)—The late Dr. Hunter, who died in 1917 at the age of sixty-nine, was a talented preacher and writer who, at Trinity Church, in Glasgow, between 1887 and 1901, and...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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(Notice in this *Munn Coss sot neousarily proeluds subsequent review.] Sir Anton Bertram, the Chief Justice of Ceylon, and Com- mander H. C. Luke, the Assistant-Governor of...

The Turks and Europe. By Gaston Gaillard. (Thomas Murby. 12s.

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6d. net.)—This book, translated from the French, is mainly concerned with events since the Armistice. The author, who is an ardent Turcophile, criticizes British policy in...

South with .Scott. By Captain Edward R. G. R. Evans.

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(Collins. 10s. 6d. net.)—Captain Evans, with Chief Stoker Lashly and Petty Officer Crean, formed the supporting party that was the last to leave Captain Scott and his four...

Literature and Life. By E. B. Osborn. (Methuen. 7s. 6d.

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net.)—These " things seen, heard and read " are reprinted from the Morning Post, and well deserve to be collected and placed on record. Mr. Osborn abounds in ideas and takes an...

Chaucer and the Rival Poet in Shakespeare's Sonnets r A

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New Theory. By Hubert Ord. (Dent. 2s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Ord's theory is that Shakespeare, who unquestionably knew Chaucer's poetry well, made repeated reference to him as the "...

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Messrs. Hachette send some of their attractive gift-books, well written

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and well illustrated as usual. Quarante Siecles d'Art et de Gloire, by Ch. Moreau-Vauthiet, is a spirited account of famous works of art in all ages, from the Sphinx down to...

Bankers and Borrowers. By John Brunton. (Arnold. 7s. 6d. net.)---Mr.

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Brunton's title is too concise. He is not concerned with private clients who want overdrafts. His object is to describe " the powers possessed by statutory bodies with respect...

It is odd to find in the admirable Story of

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the English Towns series (S.P.C.K., 4s. net each) two volumes of equal size devoted to London, by P. H. Ditchfield, and Hastings, by L. F. Salzman. Mr. Ditchfield gives a...

The County of Londonderry in Three Centuries. By J. W.

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Kernohan. (Published by the author at Park Road, Belfast. 2s. 6d. net.)—Mr. Kernohan, who is one of the secretaries of the Presbyterian Historical Board of Ireland, has...

In a pamphlet, written in good English and entitled Thre-

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Years of the Czecho-Slovak Republic (Prague : Orbis Co.), Mr. Ales Broz has sketched the progress made by the new State since it came into being on October 28th, 1918. That we...

The Chahar Magala (" Four Discourses" of Nizami-i-Arudi of Sarnargand).

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Revised translation by Edward G. Browne. (Luzac. 15s. net.)—In this volume, printed for the Trustees of the " E. J. W. Gibb Memorial," Professor Browne has made a new version of...

since 1906. Competent authorities, under the skilful direction of Sir

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Sidney Lee, comment on the more notable books and papers appearing in the year ending with November, 1920. Thus, Miss Hilda Murray deals with philology, Miss Edith Wardale with...

The Society of SS. Peter and Paul has published a

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Report of the First Anglo-Catholic Priests' Convention (66. net). The Convention was held at Oxford last July and discussed " Priestly Efficiency " from various standpoints. The...

Cleanness. Edited by Sir Israel Gollancz. (H. Milford. 5s. net.)—Sir

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Israel Gollancz is re-editing the more notable of the mediaeval English poems with patient scholarship. Cleanness, an alliterative poem, perhaps written in Lancashire about the...

The Trustees of the British Museum have issued a second

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edition of the cheap and excellent Guide to the Early Christian and Byzantine Antiquities (2s. 6d. net) in the department of British and Mediaeval Antiquities. This " guide,"...

Dublin University and the New World. By the Rev. R.

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H. Murray. (S.P.C.K. 3s. net.)—In this memorial discourse, delivered at Trinity College last June, Dr. Murray recalled four early New Englanders who were students at Trinity,...