3 OCTOBER 1925

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Mr. Ramsay MacDonald, in a speech which made a deep

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impression on his audience, explained that his inclinations would naturally be to welcome all men of strong and sincere convictions who might introduce ideas and spur on the...

NEWS OF THE WEEK T HE see-saw Of Labour polities would

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be puzzling if . its reasons were not already fairly well known, but it must in any case be annoying to those who look for 'Coherency. What . was .dorie at Scarborough has been...

In the voting the Communists were overwhelmingly defeated. The first

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motion which was proposed by the Executive prohibited members of the Communist Party from joining local Labour Parties. This was carried by 2,870,000 votes to 821,000. A further...

There Mr. MacDonald indicated the- real trouble fox Labour. Communiwn,

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as inspired from Moscow, believes in permeation, in forming cells of discontent and agitation In existing societies and organizations. If it is denied formal admission it...

The meeting at Liverpool shows that we are now entering

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a period where a . great deal of this convenient but dangerous and sometimes discreditable vagueness will have to be swept away. The Communists have forced the issue of...

' EDITORIAL ANTI , PuBLUMENG OFFICES; 13 York Street, Covent Ganiert,

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London, W.C.2.—L4 Subscription to the "Spectator" costs Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The Postage on this issue is : Inland, Lid.,...

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A special' correspondent of the Daily Express has succeeded in

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passing through the Spanish lines ir Morocco and joining the headquarters of Sidi Mohammed, the Commander-in-Chief of the Rif Army. Sidi Mohammed, who is the brother of...

The American and French Commissions, the latter headed by M.

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Caillaux, have been considering proposals and counter-proposals at Washington for the payment of the French debt. It is said that M. Caillaux's first offer was to pay £5,000,000...

In some respects we consider Marshal Lyautey as the most

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distinguished Frenchman alive. He has been the pre-eminent success among the administratrra of French Colonies and Protectorates, and we are proud to think that he has always...

We publish this week some letters supporting the arguments which

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we used in the Spectator of September 26th about the lost rules of war. We sincerely hope that it will be possible for Red Cross help to be given to the Rifs. It is said that...

M. Leon Bourgeois, whose death we regret to record, appealed

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in some way more to Englishmen than to his own countrymen. After a distinguished career in the French Civil Service he entered politics in order to help various causes. Such a...

The negotiations for the holding of a Conference ' of

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Ministers representing the chief Allies and Germany to discuss the Security Pact at Locarno on October 5th, have proceeded satisfactorily. The German Cabinet decided on...

We are not surprised to learn that Marshal Lyautey has

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resigned his post as Resid ent-General in Morocco. He is seventy-one years old and in poor health, and his posi- tion cannot have been a comfortable one for some time past. The...

Each French offer has been met by an American proposal,

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and all we know when we go to press is that M. Caillaux has not lost hope of a settlement. The Washington correspondent of the Times says that according to one report America is...

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"The system of P. R.," our correspondent continues, "would have

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been tested more fairly had all the candi- dates been prominent men. The second in the list of 'first preferences' was a Labour man, who drew votes fairly evenly from all...

The researches of the Food Council have revealed 'that the

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quartern loaf of bread could be bought last week at prices varying from 71d. to the 10d. fixed by the Bakers' Association. This was the ruling price until the Associa- tion...

An Irish correspondent writes : " The Irish Free State

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Senate election has been a test of P. R., and of the Free State constitution ; and it has thrown some light on the state of political opinion. The twenty-six counties were...

• We greatly regret to record the sinking of the

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United States Navy Submarine S. 51 last week and the loss of thirty-four lives. This three-year-old vessel was cruising, partly submerged at the moment, off Narra- gansett when...

On Thursday, September 24th, the Prime Minister gave a considered

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answer to the Miners' Federation, which had objected that the nine months' truce was not being respected in a few of the mines. The complaint turned on the point whether the...

The system of vouchers in the place of cash relief

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has been in force in West Ham for a week without more friction than might be expected. Recipients who are not also receiving the " dole " complain that they have no money for...

Bank Rate, 41 per cent., changed from 5 per cent.

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on August 6th, 1925. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 102* ; on Thursday week 102 ; a year ago 1021. Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 871; on Thursday week...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY

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THE RIGHT OF THE COMMUNITY TO EXIST I T was when an attempt was being made hi France some years ago to hold Up the food supplies of the nation .by paralysing • the railways...

• CHANGES OF ADDRESS.

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• Postal Subscribers changing their - addi ess,' or who while tr livening desire their copies *ofthe paper to be sent to a temporary address, are as - hed to notify theS...

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WHAT IS WRONG WITH ENGLAND?

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BY BISIIOP WELLDON; DEAN OF DURHAM. T HE question raised in the Spectator a September 19th ---What is wrong with England ?—is a question of profound and vital interest at the...

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THE ARMY MANCEUVRES

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By INIAJOR-GENERAL SIR FREDERICK MAURICE, /*I - 1HE first Army manceuvres held since the War have aroused more interest than any which the War Office has ever staged. This would...

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A POLICY of economic restoration and development on a basis of

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international and commonwealth co-operation will not yield the maximum results for this country unless there is a vigorous constructive policy at home. Too often the problem is...

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• THE BEGUM OF BHOPAL

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BY SIR STANLEY REED, formerly Editor of the Times of India. I N the spacious days of Indian history, when every stout soldier of fortune carried a governorship in his sword...

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HOW TO CLEAN OUR SKIES

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" rpHE harvest is past, the summer is ended, and we are not saved." The train of our malurban civilization approaches the long winter tunnel from which many of its occupants...

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COAL WAGES AND PRICES

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T HE difference between the miner's wage per ton and the retail price paid by the domestic coal consumer still seems to be a great puzzle to many people, notwith- standing the...

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THE THREAT TO THE RAILWAYS E are beginning to hear

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a great deal about the growing competition between road and rail transport. The country omnibus, which is now one of the most charac- teristic features of almost every road in...

Readers are asked to report to the Publishers ' 13 York

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street, Covent Garden, ..kanehm, W.C. 2, any case of difftettlty in obtaining the "Spectator."

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THE IRISH LANGUAGE AND THE POLITICIANS

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[BY AN IRISH CORRESPONDENT.] T HE Free State Government's policy in respect of the Irish language revival has alreadybecome a centre of controversy. Recently the Minister for...

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NOTES FOR AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY

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THE MILITIA. BY JOHN CLARE. [John Clare (1793-1864 ), the poet of English fields and hedgerows, was nineteen years of age at the time of the levy. He was about five feet high,...

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CATCHING A SHARK

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I T was a, breezeless, stifling, sunbaked afternoon in Suez Bay. On one side of us the white, . flat-roofed houses of Port lima shimmered in the heat. On the other, the steep,...

A year's subscription to the SPECTATOR, costing only 808., makes

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an ideal present for an absent friend. For this sum the paper will be forwarded to any address in the world. Apply Manager, the SPECTATOR, 13 York Street, Covent Garden, London,...

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ARCHITECTURAL' 'NOTES

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MOTORING YET SIGHT-SEEING DURING the last two months practically everyone with a shirt to his back has been, more or less frequently, driving about Great Britain in motor-cars....

MOTORING NOTES

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THE 1926 MOTOR CAR Tins is the day of the owner-driver. The new motorist Is nearly always his own chauffeur. To a large extent, too, he is his own mechanic. The same thing is...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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THE LOST RULES OF WAR [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—The rules of war form a very puzzling subject. In general I find myself in agreement with the Spectator article....

[To the Edttor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In your issue of

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Sept. 26th, the article on "The Lost Rules of War" brings the Moroccan conflict into its argument. It must be agreed that in the event of two nations going to war whose...

THE THEATRE THEOSOPHY IN THE THEATRE o God that madest

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this beautiful earth, when will it be ready to receive thy saints ? How long, 0 Lord, how long ? " (From the epilogue to Saint Joan.) Fires Divine, the theosophical play...

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[l'o the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your admirable leading article

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in last week's Spectator under this heading must have caused widespread satisfaction. There must he many persons who cordially dislike the spectacle we are witnessing in...

WHAT IS WRONG WITH ENGLAND? . [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] ' SIR,—In your issue of the 19th inst. you appeal for suggestions as to "What is Wrong with England?" May! suggest to you that the principal cause of...

A VOLUNTARY FUND FOR OUR • PRESENT DISTRESS [To the

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Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—It may 14Ftest those of your readers who have followed the conespondetice on "A Voluntary Fund for our Present Distress to know approximately...

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which your article refers. It lays down that • .

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• " the marriage being annulled, the respective parties may many again, as if the prior marriage:had been dissolved by death " ; and that "this liberty extends to the guilty...

THE UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sth,--While you are right up to a point in your comment that imports have ultimately to be paid for by exports, visible or invisible, that...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—In your article " the

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Attitude of the Clergy to Divorce," it is stated, "the genuineness of this one text on'which in- dissolubility is based is open to doubt." If I may say so you have the pig by...

IS PROHIBITION A FAILURE?

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your correspondent, Sir J. Agg Gardner, clearly desires the answer to the above question to be in the affirmative.- His' motive,...

THE 'ALLEGED :DECLINE . ' OF THE PIANO • [To the Editor-of

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the SirEmixolt.] . . . Si—The alleged decline : of the piano is interesting your ceqespondent .4`.B." It May be; 'as he says, - that wireless anl the gramophone, to which may -...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] •

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Sra,---In reply to the invitation contained in the article in your issue of September 19th, entitled, "What is Wrong with Enkland ? " I should state the answer briefly as...

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MR. LLOYD GEORGE'S AGRICULTURAL POLICY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—You say : "Let us beware of programmes which offer us nationalization under an alias ; they would be very expen- sive, and the farmer...

[To The Editor of the SPECTATOR.] am the owner of

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between 8,000 and 3,500 acres of land which my father and I have gradually purchased during the last seventy years out of earned income at a cost of about £110,000 altogether....

HOMECROFTING AND THE MIDDLE CLASSES - [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] SIB,—TO many . middle class citizens of middle age the illus- trated pages advertising desirable country residences for sale in the periodicals offer a...

[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—As an ex-schoolgirl I

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think I can suggest another reason for the slump in amateur pianoforte concerts, or rather per- formances by ,` young ladies." The girl of today does not sit at home all her...

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MINERS' OUTPUT [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sfit,--Mr. E.

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T. Good comments on a statement I made as to relative output. My letter was in reply to one from Mr. Barnes-Austin and was intended to call attention to the facts as published...

THE PERILS OF THE ROAD [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Your article, though I would agree with most of it, surely misses the two chief points. First, the cause of most accidents is excessive and illegal speed. It is...

TRUTH IN ADVERTISING

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—While there is so much talk about the depressed statt of British Industry, it seems that British men of business are sometimes to blame. I...

STANDING IN OMNIBUSES AND TRAMS.

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sra,—The withdrawal of the right to stand in buses and trams during the so-called "rush hours" is not to many people such an unmitigated evil...

MATTHEW ARNOLD'S "SIGNAL ELM" [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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SIR,--If I am not mistaken, there is an interesting example of the growth of local legend in connexion with "that single Elm-tree bright" which is the chief character of...

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"ABIDE WITH ME."

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sps,—So many beautiful sentiments have gathered round this hymn that it is well that the true date and circumstances of its composition should...

A TRAGEDY IN POLAND

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—! came across lately a case of summary justice on a mother in Poland, which may be of interest to your readers. In the southern part of...

THE PRINCESS LOUISE KENSINGTON HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—It is just a year since an appeal was launched for the removal and re-establishment in North Kensington of the Children's Hospital and...

THE GREY SQUIRREL

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sig,—The first time I made the acquaintance of the grey squirrel was twenty years ago, when I was wandering in the. woods near the Montmorency...

MR. BRUCE ON LAW AND ORDER

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—In your "News of the Week" (Septemb7. 26th)-you state that Mr. Bruce, the Australian Prime Miruster "made unflattering reference to the...

POETRY

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VIPER'S BUGLOSS IT seemed as though the steady fires Of beauty burned in rarest hue ; That loveliness was here most true Unto the spirit of the earth. What miracle brought...

£100 PRIZE FOR AN ESSAY ON UNEMPLOYMENT

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AN American reader of the Spectator, Mr. Gabriel Wells has generously offered a prize of £100 for an essay os "Unemployment : Its Cause and Remedy." The maximun: length of an...

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A BOOK OF THE MOMENT

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LORD GREY OF FALLODON'S "TWENTY FIVE _YEARS." Twenty-five Years. 1892-1916. By. Viscount Grey of Falltdcn, H.G. 2 Vols. (Hodder and Stoughtorf; ' 42s.) LORD GREY OF FALLODON...

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A NEW COMPETITION

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THE EDITOR OFFERS TWO PRIZES OF 210 EACH, THE FIRST FOR AN INSCRIPTION FOR A SUNDIAL IN PROSE OR VERSE, THE SECOND FOR AN EPIGRAM ON WOMAN IN FOUR LINES OF VERSE. NONE of our...

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F. ANSTEY: HIUMORIS The lizst Load. By F. Anstey. (Methuen.

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5s.) SOME composers of tone-poems were fond of concluding them with an envoi, a rapid coda into which all the themes found their way for a n - oment or so. This unexpected . and...

Some of the ingenious satires in Mr. Humbert Wolfe's new

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book, Lampoons (Benn's), are familiar to readers of the Spectator. The whole book is delightful in its deftness and grace. Mr. Wolfe in the preface pleads for savagery and anger...

Sir Ernest Benn stands up like a man and gives

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an excellent account of himself in The confessions of a Capitalist (Hutchin- son) Although the Communist agitator does not generally inform his audience of the fact, it is not...

THIS WEEK'S BOOKS JORN MASEPELD has written a new play,

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The Trial of Jesus (Heinemann) ; but, alas ! it is no great play, and we should prefer that it had remained unwritten. For Mr. Masefield's ideals are gentle and thin ; we cannot...

Miss Eleanour Sinclair Rohde has often put us in her

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debt by choosing for us from our old literature passages that introduce us to " pleasaunt cleare ayres, sweete Gardens, goodly hilles." Now she gives us The Old-World Pleasaunce...

Messrs. Macmillan publish in one volume the Early Poems and

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Stories of Mr. W. B. Yeats. Mr. Yeats has written a short preface, in which he says :— " I tried . . . to write nothing but emotion, and in the simplest language, and now I...

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CARDINAL AND POET

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IF Newman had written nothing but his Apologia, he would have been remembered as the author of one of the world's most searching, most sensitive autobiOgraphiis. The writing of...

THE STRUCTURE OF LIGHT

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THE study of Physics or Natural Philosophy is the most funda- mental of all the natural sciences, and the others are dependant on it for the basic data of quantity and quality...

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PLAIN TALES FROM THE ARNO

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HERE in eight short studies we are admitted to the private life of the little sempstresses of Florence, and of their mothers who were sempkresses before them. To the hundred and...

CHRISTIANITY AND MOSUL

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Mosul and its Minorities. By • H. C. Luke. (London : M. • Hopkinson. Ns. 6d. net.) This appointments held by Mr. Luke under the Colonial Office have already led him...

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THE SEVEN YEARS' WAR Wnan -history the main concern of

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Mr. Charteris, he would Undoubtedly make an eminent historian: His 'work is thorough, his judgment sound, his literary style is excellent, his character studies are diaWnivith...

THE CUSTOMS AND . . ARTS OF THE. MAORIS A Year Among

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the Maoris - their Arts and Customs. By Frances del Mar, with Foreword by Sir Wyndham Dunstan. . (Ernest Benn.. 18s. net.) IT • .. , is always well when the author of a travel...

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As the World Court has now passed out of the

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experimental stage and become a settled institution with fourteen completed cases to its credit, there is need of the practical text-book "in the Court and its work which Mr....

CURRENT LITERATURE

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THE children hold the promise of the future. To care for them and protect them is a sacred duty which the present generation is recognizing more definitely , perhaps than ever...

LURED by the "magic names of Bokhara and Samarkand,

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renowned in history as well as in the pages of classic tales and poetic fiction for chivalry and romance," the author set out in pre-War days on an adventurous journey alone...

THE HOME OFFICE. By Sir Edward Troup. (Putnam. ris.

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- net.). THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH. By Sir Arthur Newslio!me. (Putnam. 58. net.). THE first volumes in this admirable new series of handbooks on the great Departments of State...

THESE short stories of the East Anglian countryside are written

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with an ingenious economy and in a polished style that are worthy of the highest praise. But if its village life is so corrupt and immoral as Miss Power. would lead us to...

W. P. KER, 1855 - 1923. (From the Proceedings of the British

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; Academy, Vol. XI. Oxford Press, Is. 6(.) W. P. KER was one of those rare men who take their place principally as Oxford's own children. From 1874, the yeair he entered...

MIND AND MATTER. By C. E. M. Joad. (Nisbet. 48.

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6d.) IN this brief "Introduction to the Study of Metaphysics" Mr. Joad surveys, in lucid and non-technical language, the main current theories of the nature of mind, the nature...

WHERE HANNIBAL PASSED. By Arthur Rivers Bonus.

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- (Methuen. is. 6d. net.). Mn. BONUS identifies Hannibal's Pass with the Col de Malaure, 'and in this little book, which is illustrated by excellent photii . - 'graphs, he...

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FICTION

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MEN AND MONSTERS The Informer.. By Liam O'Flaherty. (Cape. 7s. 6d.) AMONG the hundreds of novels which appear there are, each rear, only two or three which rise so far above...

which arc' so much in the public eye as - can

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hardly compliiri if their readers - are more interested in - the 'irtise en scene than in the plot. The account of the life led by settlers in East Africa is excellent reading,...

OTHER NOVELS

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' The Wildings. By Richmal Crompton. (Hodder tmd Stoughton. 7s. 6d. net.)Antothet success Must be put to Miss Crompton's account for her novel - The WildingS, which gives a most...

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FINANCE-PUBLIC AND PRIVATE

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THE BOOM IN RUBBER . SHARES BY ARTHUR W. KIDDY. .THE question of what actually constitutes a boom in a particular market is one which few would care to deter- mine. When a...

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MONETARY CONSIDERATIONS.

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During the past week there has been a material setback in the American exchange on London, which has reached the lowest point since our return to the Gold Standard at the end...

INTERNATIONAL DEBTS.

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On the other hand there is no disguising the fact that as each of the European countries funds its debt to the United States, there promises to be an ever-increasing pressure...

FINANCIAL NOTES

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SOME' ADVERSE FACTORS. Wumr., as' described elsewhere, the activity of rubber shares has continued to be the outstanding feature of the Stock Exchange, general markets received...

LABOUR APPREHENSIONS.

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The other development which exerted an influence upon all markets was the threatened recrudescence of the coal mining crisis. Quite suddenly, the Premier, on his return, seems...