4 JUNE 1921

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M. Briand gained a great Parliamentary success in the long

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debate over Reparation and the Upper Silesian question which ended in the French Chamber on Thursday, May 28th. He answered all his critics and received the approval of the...

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

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T HE trials of German war criminals at Leipzig have been going on day by day. On Thursday, May 26th, the German corporal Heinen was found guilty on fifteen counts of mal-...

The first General Election in Ulster resulted in a decisive

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victory for the Protestant Unionists, who returned 40 members out of 52. The Nationalists returned six members, and the Sinn Feiners six. The elections were held under...

The fighting in Upper Silesia between the Poles and the

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Germane has ceased, except at ICattowitz. The German and Polish Governments appear to have closed their frontiers, in obedience to Allied warnings. Six battalions of British...

When a witness for the defence declared that the British

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prisoners were "unwilling to wash," the president remarked that that was an extraordinary statement, as everybody knew that the English were "very fond of baths." Captain Muller...

The German Government on Monday transmitted to the Reparation Commission

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Treasury bills of the value of £42,000,000, completing the payment of £50,000,000 which Germany had agreed to make before May 31st. It is satis- factory to know that Germany has...

We ask our readers to reflect how much, after all,

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has been accomplished. Though the sentences are light, Germany has indeed travelled a long way from her old militarism when the presiding judge of a German court can use such...

TO OUR READERS.

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Readers experiencing difficulty in obtaining the " Spectator " regularly and promptly should become yearly subscribers. The yearly subscription, including Postage to any address...

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Those who suggest that North-East Ulster is an absurdly small

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province to have self-government are ill-informed. North- East Ulster—the Six-County Area—had in 1911 a population of 1,250,531. She had almost as many white people—within...

The Simi Fein leaders made it clear last week that

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the burning of the Dublin Customs House was a deliberate outrage, ordered by "Dail Eireann" in the vain hope of making British govern- ment "impossible." "The destruction of the...

Last Saturday further discusskins took *Ice between Mr. Lloyd George

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and the miners met owners seperately. Mr. Lloyd George stated that as the two sides had been unable to agree as to the machinery for a permanent settlement he would suggest...

Immediately afterwards a false , and dangerous atmosphere was created by

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the statement made on behalf of the miners that unless there was an early settlement the Government meant to introduce legislation for compulsory arbitration. The Prime Minister...

According to the Morning Post, Sir James Craig's first - Ulster Ministry

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will include Mr. H. M. Pollock, the chairman - of the Belfast Harbour Board, as Chancellor of the Exchequer. Lord Londonderry for Education, Sir Dawson Bates for Home Affairs,...

Mr. Clynes moved the rejection of the Bill on the

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ground that it not only failed "to provide for the publics ownership and -control of the railways, but would prejudice the future acquisition of the railways by the State on a...

The coal strike seems to be no nearer an end,

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as the latest proposal by the Government has not been favourably received. On Friday, May 27th, at a Joint Conference of owners and miners Mr. Lloyd George proposed that there...

A Sinn Fein gang at Youghal on Tuesday exploded a

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mine in a road as a party of the Hampshire Regiment with its band was marching past. Six of the bandsmen were killed ; twenty- one -men were injured more or less seriously. In...

Sir Eric Geddes moved the second reading of the Railways

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Bill in the House of Commons on Thursday, May 26th. He denied that State control had brought the railway companies into their present position of difficulty. If they were...

When the debate was resumed on Monday, the Attorney- General

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assured the House that - the power of the Ministry of Transport to interfere with the railway companies was strictly limited, and that the shareholders would be protected...

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All the same, there is much to be said for

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trying some of the younger men now that the old hands have failed. Youth is always served by a favourable moml atmosphere, and that atmosphere is created now that the younger...

The first Test Match against the Australian cricketers at Trent

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Bridge was disastrous for England. The Australians won by ten wickets. Although England unquestionably had some bad luck, there is no doubt whatever that the better side won. We...

It is said that m re people went to Epsom

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on Derby Day than ever before. Not knowing by what means such crowds are measured, we cannot say whether the statement is true. But whether it be actually true or only...

Lord Lee of Farcham has conferred another benefit upon the

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nation by the munificent gift of about 1,300 acres of farms and woodland in the neighbourhood of Chequers. All the conditions of the gift are handsome. The farms are to be...

The financial resolutions required for the Bill for safeguarding certain

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"key industries" were hotly debated in the House of Commons on Tuesday. Major Barnes's amendment limiting the duration of the Bffi to three years instead of five was rejected by...

The new Australian Navigation Act, it is announced, will come

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into force on July 1st. This Act, we fear, will have a serious effect both on British shipping in the Australian trade and also on the smaller Australian ports. For its purpose...

Two Danish engineers, Mr. Johnsen and Mr. Rahbek, described, in

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a lecture in London last week, the application of a principle In electricity which may have important consequences. A weak current applied to two solid substances, the one a...

Lord Montagu of Beaulieu in the House of Lords on

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Tuesday asked for information about the North-West frontier, which is still disturbed. He urged the Government to improve the roads and to extend the railways, so that by the...

Mr. Chamberlain in the House of Commons on Wednesday withdrew

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the proposal to exempt all members from the payment of Income Tax on their salaries, recommending them individually to seek relief in respect of expenses incurred in the...

Bank Rate, 6iper cent., changed from 7 per cent. Apr.28,

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1921; 5 per cent. War Loan was on Thursday, 880' Thursday week, 881; a year ago, 861.

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TOPICS OF THE DAY.

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NORTH-EAST IRELAND. O UR most hearty congratulations to the men and women of North-East Ireland. They have done exactly what we always knew they would do—that is, obeyed the...

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A NAVAL CONFERENCE. A NOTHER step has been taken to usher

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in the reign of reason in naval policy. On Wednesday, May 25th, the American Senate unanimously passed Mr. Borah's amendment to the Naval Bill in the following terms :— " That...

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A NEW WAY OF CRIPPLING TRADE. T HE Government have an

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unfortunate trick of telling the nation that it is its duty to do a particular thing, and then putting impediments in the way. The Government say the trade of the country must...

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LORDLINESS AND LEISURE.

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OR]) MELBOURNE said that he never carried a -1-4 watch but asked his servant the time, adding, "And he tells me what he likes." The remaa is a perfect example of lordliness, of...

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THE MULBERRY GROVES AT KURKUT.

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TN these days, when the European silk industry is centred about Lyons, we are apt to overlook the fact that it was first established in Turkey ; but although one would not...

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FINANCE—PUBLIC AND PRIVATE.

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PROTECTING THE NATIONAL SOLVENCY.—A STRONG LEAD NEEDED. (TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] Sia,—The City refuses at present to be enthusiastic about the Treasury circular...

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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.

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[Letters of the length of one of our leading paragraphs are often more read, and therefore more effective, than those which fill treble the space.] A LEAGUE OF GOOD CITIZENS....

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR2] SIR,-If I may

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be permitted to say so, I think you are tackling the question of a league of public safety in quite the right fashion, first putting forward the skeleton of the idea, and then...

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[To THE EDITOR Or THX "SPECTATOR."]

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Si:IL—The ideals of trade unionism, Socialism, and probably of other " lime" may be very splendid as portrayed by their visionary enthusiasts, but from the practical experience...

THE CHURCH AND SINN FEIN.

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[TID THE EDITOR Or THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,—A so-called "Church meeting" was held at the Central Hall, Westminster, on May 25th. The object of the meeting, as set forth on bills...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] flut,—I have only just

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seen your excellent article of May 14th on "A League of Good Citizens." All good citizens must necessarily sympathize with the principles you enunciate, but that, unfortunately,...

[To THZ EDITOR OP THE "SPECTATOR."]

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Ssa,—No League of Good Citizens can be permanently effective In its promotion of goodwill amongst men unless it is cosmo- politan in character. In a word, it must freely embrace...

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SOME LABOUR ARGUMENTS.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THJE " SPECTATOR."I Sts,—The White Paper recently published on Bolshevism says : "We doubt whether so much human misery as has existed in Russia during the...

THE GENTLE ART OF LEG-PULLING IN IRELAND. [To Tax EDITOR

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OF TED " SPECTLTOR.") SIR,—In your issue of May 21st an anonymous correspondent calling himself "Southern Irishman" refers to a recent article in the Westminster Gazette,...

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NAPOLEON ON DANTE. [To THE EDITOR or THE "SPECTATOR.")

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Sta,—In turning over the pages of a little collection of the Maximes et Pensees of Napoleon I happened upon an appre- ciation of Dante, and as these two names are in the...

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.")

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Sin,—The inscription on the memorial to the twenty members of the staff of the Birmingham Post and Birmingham Mail is as follows:— " A city's strength is not in her walls nor in...

THE ANGLO-JAPANESE ALLIANCE.—AN AUSTRALIAN'S VIEW.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") STRi—Permit me to state from the onset that I hold no brief for Japan, but if this country desires to cut its own throat, then let it by all...

AN INSCRIPTION FOR A WAR MEMORIAL. [To THE EDITOR OF

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THE "SPECTATOR") Sta,—May I ask whether it would not be possible to adapt to .a cenotaph that moist superb of all epitaphs which has been rendered in English thus :— "Tell...

(To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.") SIE,—The following lines,

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"True love by life, true love by death is tried; Live thou for England! We for England died," quoted on May 21st by one of your correspondents as being by an unknown author,...

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.")

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Srs,—Inscriptions for a War Memorial. The following are fine ones :— " 1 r How went the day? they S. Went the day well? died and never knew; But well or ill, England they died...

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POETRY.

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A SUNRISE. Immix in the East : not, as on common days, A gradual flush of orange, pink, or gold ; But surge on crimson surge in the night skies, A tidal-wave of wild, oncoming...

A RESOLUTE CHAFFINCH. [To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

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SIR,—While clearing some laurels on May 12th I found I had unwittingly cut out a stem on which was a chaffinch's nest with four eggs. Wishing to show my children the nest, I...

THE THEATRE.

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STAGE SETTINGS AND COSTUMal. A GOOD deal of interest has been aroused by the Architectural Association's Exhibition at Bedford Square of designs for stage settings and stage...

AN ESSAY SOCIETY.

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[To THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.") SIR,—Some years ago you kindly allowed me to make known, by a letter in the Spectator, that an essay society (founded in 1885) had a few...

NOTICE.—When "Correspondence" or Articles are signed with the writer's name

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or initials, or with a pseudonym, or are marked " Communicated," the Editor muet not necessarily be held to be in agreement with the views therein expressed or with the mode of...

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BOOKS.

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A CYCLE OF ADAMS LETTERS.* Booms have their fates. They also have their surprises. Who, for example, could imagine that A Cyr2e of Adams Letters would contain some of the best...

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A BIRD.LOVEit'S OBSERVATIONS.* THE difference between the seeing eye and

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the unseeing eye is a vast one. The man with the seeing eye notices hundreds of things which are hidden impenetrably from other men, though the comedies and tragedies of nature...

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A MOTOR-OMNIBUS GUIDE.*

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Tun appearance of a little book labelled T.B.B., for Travel by Road, thrills one much as the first Bradshaw of 1841 must have thrilled our grandfathe s. For this book, as Lord...

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OUR SOCIAL HERITAGE.*

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PROFESSOR. WALLAS in his new book shows himself to be a shrewd and stimulating critic. Like Rosa Dartle, he has a habit of asking awkward questions which polite people would not...

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FOURTEEN WAR BOOKS.*

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AMONGST a number of war books which, the pressure on our space compels us to notice more briefly than their merits deserve the first place must he given to Major Ewing's...

CRONE.*

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A HUNDRED years have passed since the death of Crome, and during this time the art of English landscape painting has changed very greatly. It flamed up in the great...

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READABLE NOVELS.—Three Loving Ladies. By the Hon. Mrs. Dowdall. (Duckworth.

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9s. net.)—In this novel we see Mrs. Dowdall's former heroine Susie as a middle-aged woman with daughters. The book is exceedingly readable and is enlivened by this author's...

' iliE WORLD OF SOUND.* IN The World of Sound Sir

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William Bragg has written one of the most attractive, popular science manuals that have appeared for a very long time. It is delightfully written, quite short, and, though the...

FICTION.

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THE DEATH OF SOCIETY.f Miss HoMER Wilsorr's book The Death of Society is one whose faacination it is impossible to convey in an abstract. Couched in few sentences, its theme...

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POETS AND POETRY.

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FAREWELL. MR. F. W. HARVEY'S calling his new book of poems Farewell has an ugly look. He has an ambiguous little preface to it in which he says :— " In spite of all the soulful...

SOME BOOKS OF THE WEEK.

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[Holies in this column does not necessarily preclude subsequent reviete.1 THE JuNE MAGAZINES.—The Nineteenth Century gives promin- ence to an able article on "Our Foreign...

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The American Oxonian, the organ of the American Rhodes Scholars'

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Association, records in its .April number (Concord, New Hampshire : W. W. Thayer, 10s. a year) the resignation of the first editor, Mr. Aydelotte, and the appointment as his...

The Basque Country. Painted by Rornilly Fedden. Described by Katharine

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Fedden. (A. and C. Bleak. 20s.)--Mr8. Fedden has written a pleasant book mainly about the French Basques, and the attractions of her book are inoreased by her husband's spirited...

Scapa and a Camera. By C. W. Burrows. (Country Life.

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25s. net.)—This is a most attractive and interesting collection of photographs, illustrating the life and work of the Grand Fleet during its long stay at Scapa Flow. The author,...

The Round Table for June (Macmillan, 58. net.) deals ably

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and more or less dispassionately with the problems of the time —Ireland, the Imperial Conference, America and the League, Reparation from Germany, industrial unrest at home, and...

Studies in Human Nature. By J. B. Baillie. (Bell. 15s.

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net..)— Professor Baillie, unlike some other philosophers, writes well and clearly, and does not take too exalted a view of his own subject. "Philosophy is not the only form of...

The Problem of Upper Silesia. Edited by Sidney Osborne. (G.

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Allen and Unwin. 7s. 6d.)—Mr. Osborne himself is an ardent supporter of Germany's claim to the whole of Upper Silesia, and gives much space to a statement of the German case by...

We have received a copy of the Rhodes lecture delivered

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by Mr. D. Campbell Lee, an American and also an English barrister, at University College on May 23rd, on The Mandate for Meso- potamia and the Principle of Trusteeship in...