7 NOVEMBER 1925

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In the Chamber on Tuesday, M. Painleve read his declaration

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of policy. Dealing first with finance he declared that the whole of the public expenditure must in future be covered by safe and permanent receipts. Not a centime must come from...

M. Briand, in whose cap Loearno has put a feather,

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naturally remains Foreign Minister. The new Ministry, with three exceptions besides M. Caillaux, retains the old personnel. On the evening before this new Ministry was announced...

NEWS OF THE WEEK

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PAINLEVE, having got rid of M. Caillaux by causing his whole Cabinet to resign, has recon- structed his Government, but . is finding his path as diffi- cult as ever, and even...

Turning to Morocco and Syria M. Painleve boldly Said that

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the danger in Morocco was ended. The Govern- ment desired nothing more than peace, but it was for the Riffs and Jabala tribes to show whether they wanted a loyal peace in...

General Sarrail, the High Commissioner in Syria; has been recalled.

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General Duport, who was recently sent, to Syria to inquire into events, has taken his place. French opinion has been deeply moved by the bombardment of Damascus and indignation...

EDITORIAL AND PUBLD3IHNO OFFICES 13 York Street, Covent Garden, London,

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W.C.2.—A Subscription to the " Spectator" costs 'Thirty Shillings per annum, including postage, to any part of the world. The Postage on this issue it : Inland, lid., Foreign,...

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Five years ago the South African Party in the Union

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joined , with the Unionist Party. Their leaders, Sir Thomas Smartt and General Smuts, could not prevail upon the Nationalists to come into their hereeniging on account' of their...

The New Zealand General Election on Wednesday resulted in a

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triumph for the Reform (Government) Party. Mr. Coates, the Prime Minister, has received such a vote' of confidence as comes to few leaders. The set- back to Labour was a...

It is hinted that the Chinese themselves are more im-

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pressed by the difficulties of the condition attached to the scheme than by the unprecedented good will of the scheme itself. It must be remembered that the Peking Govern- ment...

Mr. Meighcn can hardly be anxious to take office under

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such very doubtful conditions, and it is expected that Mr. Mackenzie King will not resign, but find a new seat for himself, reconstruct his Cabinet and hold on in office, at any...

The results of the Canadian General Election will not satisfy

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any party there. The high Protectionists will, we regret to say, be best pleased. The most striking fact is the reduction of the Progressive Party to insignifi- cant numbers,...

At the Tariff Conference in Peking on Tuesday the American

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delegate made proposals which, as the Times correspondent says, would have taken away the breath of Old China. Nevertheless, other delegates, including the British, French and...

The winter rains and the League of Nations' Commis- sioners

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have arrived together at Mosul. The rains as ' well as the Turks are driving down into the plains of Iraq the hill-folk from beyond the " Brussels line to mingle with the...

Mr. Baldwin has produced a surprise in choosing Mr.' Edward

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Wood, the Minister of Agriculture, to succeed Lord Iteading as Viceroy of India. Lord Reading will retire next April. To us the surprise is an extremely agreeable one. . Mr....

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The MorningPost is doing an excellent work in inquiring into

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the conditions under which British horses are exported and slaughtered abroad. Last Saturday its Special Correspondent was able to report that humane methods are geneial in...

A terrible accident of the kind which can seldom occur

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in this country where mountain lakes are rare happened near Conway on Monday night. Llyn Eigiau, one of the lakes in the Welsh hills, which is used as a reservoir, burst its...

The Duke of Portland sent a very timely letter to

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the Primrose League Conference at Nottingham, on Thursday, denouncing the newspaper persecution of Mr. Baldwin. He said :— " Ministers should receive the loyal and united...

The Borough Elections which have taken place all over the

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country this week have resulted in a slight advance of the Labour forces. In London Labour retained control in Poplar, Battersea,. Bermondsey, Deptford, Woolwich and Bethnal...

The announcement of the postponement of the Victory Ball arranged

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for Armistice night has much more meaning than might appear. There comes a time in most move- ments that are guided by popular feeling when they seem to waver, and then it must...

Bank Rate, 4 per cent., changed from 41 per cent.

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on October 1st, 1925. War Loan (5 per cent.) was on Wednesday 99 ift : on Thursdayweek 102f ; a year ago 100x.d., Funding Loan (4 per cent.) was on Wednesday 86i ; on Thursday...

We offer our congratulations to our friendly rival the Saturday

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Review which this week celebrates its seventieth anniversary. The Saturday Review is pub- lishing messages from the Prime Minister, Lord Balfour, Mr. Thomas Hardy and many other...

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TOPICS OF THE DAY A MIRACLE OF CAPITALISM O UR readers

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may recall statements which we have published recently about the surprisingly wide distribution of wealth in the United States. What has been happening there is indeed a miracle...

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A WAY OUT FOR THE MINES

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W E wrote recently on the Report of the Committee of the Privy Council on Scientific and Industrial Research, and we dwelt particularly on that part of the Report which dealt...

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THE REVOLUTION IN PERSIA

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T HE Kajar dynasty has come to an end. Last week the Mejlis, or Parliament, of Persia deposed tote Shah. This might have happened any time in the past few years, as the Shah has...

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF TROPICAL AFRICA ROM the dawn of history

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until less than a century • ago. tropical Africa exported nothing but gold, ivory, and slaves. Although the country was potentially 'rich in produce of all kinds, only gold,...

WHAT IS WRONG WITH ENGLAND ?

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BY STEPHEN GWYNN. A N Irishman's opinion about England is formed ' with some detachment, and I suppose that is why I am allowed to state mine. The trouble seems mostly moral....

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THE LOST RULES OF WAR

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BY MAJOR-GENERAL SIR FREDERICK MAURICE, K.C.M.G. T HE Spectator has asked, in a recent issue, whether it is not possible to save anything from the ruins of the old codes which...

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THE FUTURE OF THE WOMEN'S MOVEMENT

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BY THE EDITOR OF Time and Tide. TIRE Women's Movement has reached an interesting stage. It is well worth the attention of those who are concerned with the various streams of...

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AN AMERICAN PROFESSOR'S REFLECTIONS ON OXFORD

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BY S. E. MORISON. Harms-worth Professor of American History at Oxford, 1922-25. I.—THE LIBERTY OF OXFORD. " They are not long, the days of wino and roses." "flOWSON'S...

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THE BLACK-WINGED TERROR OF ABERPENNAR

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Quoth the Raven: " Just one more Added to my store !" as he laid a new " egg" in his already overcrowded nest. It was not the kind out of which zealous hatching can produce a...

SOLD OUT.

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Many persons have reported during the past few week's that they have been unable to buy a copy of the SPECTATOR at the bookstalls or newsagents owing to the stock being sold...

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MUSIC

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MR. HOLST'S NEW SYMPHONY AT QUEEN'S HALL, OCTOBER 29th. Fon most of us The Planets and The Hymn of Jesus were an enlivening experience in music. Their manner was new ; and...

CORRESPONDENCE

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A LETTER FROM BUDAPEST [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Now is the dead season in Budapest, and the Autumn of our discontent is not yet made glorious by the return Of "...

A CHRISTMAS OR NEW YEAR'S PRESENT

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A year's subscription to the SPECTATOR, costing only 30s., makes an ideal present for an absent friend. For this sum the paper will be forwarded to any address in the world....

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THE 0. M. S.

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[To the Editor of . the SPECTATOR.] SIR. — Your correspondent ".E." explains the Labour point of view with regard to the O.M.S. and the Fascist Societies, but there is...

MR. BALDWIN AND HIS CRITICS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sta,—I think with you that the Conservative papers which are finding fault with Mr. Baldwin's moderate policy are endangering the future of...

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

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THE ROYAL FAMILY AND EMPIRE SETTLEMENT [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—May I venture, greatly daring, to put forward a sug- gestion ? All are agreed as to the vital...

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THE EVERLASTING MAN

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin,—It seems that Mr. Alan Porter in reviewing at some length Mr. Cliesterton's The Beerkisting Man has athipted a not unusual method of...

THE SYSTEM OF RATING

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—The Labour Party has asked that the Shipbuilding Industry should be subsidized ; that idea has been condemned as too risky, unfair, etc....

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THE LETTERS OF ABELARD AND HELOISE

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sin, I was surprised to see that, in your issue of the 24th ult., your reviewer, Mr. H. C. Harwood, says that Mr. Mon- crieff's translation of...

THE MEDICAL PROFESSION AND THE

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PUBLIC • - [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sim,—The interest the public take in the case of Dr. Axham is sufficient excuse for drawing attention to .the fact: that he...

WHAT IS WRONG WITH ENGLAND ?

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sma,—England is sick, sick to the heart, because many of her people are deliberately directing their wills wrongly. By " many of her people "...

THE " DOLE" OR EMIGRATION

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] • Sra,—You don't approve of those who denounce doles. What do you think of the following effect of the dole ? A writer in the Scotsman...

DISFRANCHISEMENT AND RELIEF

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sia,—There is no doubt that the present disastrous state of affairs in the West Ham Union is very largely attributable to the action of the...

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AN ANGLER'S PARADISE [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Siu,—As an old New Zealand settler and a keen fisherman, I have read with great interest the article on An Angler's Paradise, by " F. W. W." About salmon I know nothing, their...

HOW TO CLEAN OUR SKIES [To the Editor of the

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SPECTATOR.] Sin,--I hope that many readers of " Crusader's " very in- teresting article will see that, if cleaning our skies is to be the blessing to the world which it ought...

THE HUMOUR OF GILBERT AND SULLIVAN' [To the Editor of

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the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—May I as a member of the orchestra during some of the palmy days of Savoy opera assure Mr. Clifford Bax that he is mistaken in his assumption that the...

LOST GOLD [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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Sia,—The recent discovery of long lost gold carrying reefs at Luipaards Vlei Ten, on the Randfontein, in South Africa, once more demonstrates how often Nature has sought to...

THE DANCE WAR [To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.]

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the French Tango kill Jazz ? The Savoy Orpheans' • director, perhaps the leading authority on the old regime, declares it won't. And he welcomes the new dance for the not very...

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AN OLD ANGLO-AMERICAN CONTROVERSY

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• [To the Editor.of the Sr4c-rzi:ron.] - r, am glad that you published a notice - of Professor Ephraim Adams's Great Britain and -the Arnericdn Citiil Wary in your issue of...

THE GREY SQUIRREL

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.[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The following note may, I think, be of interest to your readers. I have been interested the past few weeks in reading in your paper...

EPITAPHS

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—The following epitaph- . " Beneath these stones lies Meekie's bones ; - Oh I Satan - gin ye take him, Appoint him tutor to your weans...

SURREY AND SOUTH LONDON PRISONERS' AID SOCIETY

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—" Heaven," someone has written, " is full of Forgivers and Forgiven." I have to ask for forgiveness before I ask for help : for those I...

POETRY

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CURFEW Ifs pack of leaves The park throws down, And no bird pipes A joyous air ; Harsh world, bleak sky The -time draws nigh When to a change Intransigent His course must turn...

WOUNDED SOLDIERS AND THE ZOO

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[To Cie Editor of the SPECTATOR.] Sm.,—The articles on the Zoo which have appeared in two recent issues of the Spectator must have been read by many Fellows of the Zoological...

THE COST OF ELECTRICAL HEAT

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[To the Editor of the SPECTATOR.] SIR,—Our attention has been drawn to a letter by " Another Crusader," with comments by the Editor on the cost of electricity. It clearly...

£100 PRIZE FOR AN ESSAY ON UNEMPLOYMENT

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AN American reader of the Spectator, Mr. Gabriel Wells, has generously offered a prize of £100 for an essay on "Unemployment : Its Cause and Remedy." The maximum length of an...

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LITERARY SUPPLEMENT 1 0

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C etatOT No. 5080.] WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1925. [GRATIS.

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REMINISCENCES OF TCHEBHOV

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BY ACTORS OF THE MOSCOW ART THEATRE* TRANSLATED BY S. S. KOTELIANSKP. FROM THE TALK OF A. L. VISHNEVSKY. ONCE in the autumn I arrived at Lubimovka, where Anton Tchekhov was...

titcrarp 'upp1tmrnt.

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LONDON: NOVEMBER 7th, 1925.

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THE COMIC MUSE

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The Comic Muse. By J. C. Squire. (Collins. 66. net.) ONE man's wit is another man's poison, and there can be no more hazardous, and therefore courageous, undertaking than to...

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STANISLAVSKY

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My Life in Art. By Constantin Stanislaysky. Translated from the Russian by J. J. Robbins. (Godfrey Bles. 30s. net.) ST2LNISLAVSKY is the greatest name of the contemporary...

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A SERIOUS VIEW OF- IRELAND

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A Tour in Ireland. By Arthur Young. Selected and Edited To drive on a comical outside-car around the Lakes . of Killarney, to dangle indecorously from Blarney Castle, to feed...

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MR. BERNARD SHAW

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Shaw. By J. S. Collis. (Cape. es.) THIS clever monograph is written by an avowed disciple who has learned 'from his master a good technique as a' writer, and also the power to...

THEOLOGY AND THEORY

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The Theology of the Beal. By, It Gordon Milburn. (Williams r I and Norgate, Ltd. 108. 6d. net.) A PHILOSOPHER is compelled to follow the custom of epic poets and to plunge in...

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BRIGHAM YOUNG

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Brigham Young. By M. T. Werner. (Cape. 21s.) THERE are certain subjects so full of what is known as " readei interest " that it was , once laid down by a certain competent...

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LORD AND LADY ABERDEEN'S REMINISCENCES

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We Twa. By Lord and Lady Aberdeen. (Collins. 36s. net.) THE little doings of the great if simply recounted will always find a large audience. That is why the reminiscences of...

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London : Printed by W. SPEAIGHT AHD Soas. LTD., 98

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and 99 Fetter Lane, E.C. 4, and Published by Tin: SPECTATOR, LT9., at their Offices, No. 13 York Street, Covent Garden, London, W.C. 2. Saturday, Noecmh , e 7. 1025_

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A BOOK OF THE MOMENT

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-AMATEUR RELIGIONS My Religion. Articles from the Daily Express. (Hutchison. 2s. 6d. net.) IT is no use blaming the Daily Express ; in fact, we might rather compliment and...

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THIS WEEK'S BOOKS

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THERE have been many books written lately on how to write, nearly all of them being either directions on how to supply what can be easily marketed or subterranean meditations by...

Sir Basil Thomson writes on. The Criminal (Hodder and Stoughtongrom

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a great deal of experience. He has been gayer. nor of many prisons, Dartmoor among them. The book consists partly of-his own experiences and impressions of these prisons, of...

NEWS OF THE COMPETITION

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The Editor o f fers two prizes of £10 each, the first for an inscription for a Sundial in prose or verse, the second for an epigram on Woman in four lines of verse. THE...

Mr. Pett Ridge has written another book of reminiscences of

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his long London life in .1 Like to Remember (Hodder and Stoughton). * * * *

Dr. R. McNair Wilson has contributed Pygmalion; or, the Doctor

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of the Future to Messrs. Kegan Paul's series, To-day and To-morrow. It is a discussion of the belief that symptoms instead of being " the sign of disease " are signs " not of...

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Messrs. Methuen publish Colonels, by H. M. Bateman, with an

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introduction by Captain Harry Graham. Captain Graham writes " Mr. Bateman's Colonel is, indeed, the only possible, the only perfect Colonel. We cling to him as to a last straw ....

BRITISH RULE IN INDIA

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A Sketch of the History of India, 1858 - 1918. By H. Dodwell. (Longmans. 6s.) The Punjab Peasant in Prosperity and Debt. By M. L. Darling. (Humphrey Milford, Oxford University...

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TOWARDS A CRITIQUE OF SCIENCE

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Science, Religion, and Reality. Edited by J. Needham. (Sheldon Press. 12s. 6d.) Science, Religion, and Reality. Edited by J. Needham. (Sheldon Press. 12s. 6d.) SCIENCE tends to...

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POETIC AMUSEMENTS Lampoons. By Humbert Wolfe. (Berm Bros. 6s. net.)

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The Duke of Berwick. By Lord Alfred Douglas. (Seeker. 5s. net.) THOUGH it is popularly supposed that poets are melancholy animals, seekers after solitude and shades, the truth...

MOTHER Mother. By E. F. Benson. (Hodder and Stoughton. 10s.

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6d.) MR. BENSON'S book about his mother—and himself—is as interesting as it is frank. Those who have read her sons' books already know a good deal about Mrs. Benson and the...

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THE MAGAZINES

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TEE first article in the Nineteenth Century for November deals with " The Parliament Act and Second Chamber Reform." In it General Stone pleads urgently for haste. -" If-the...

Readers having anything to sell, or services to offer, are

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invited to inform the mazy thousands of readers of the SPECTATOR, by advertising in the Small Classified -advertisement columns. Details of the cost—which is very low—will...

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Tim new volume of the great county history includes the

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Chiltern Hundreds—Desborough, Burnham and Stoke—as well as Cottesloe Hundred and the three boroughs of Ayles- bury, Wendover and Buckingham. Thus it deals with a most...

FICTION •

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OLD VIRTUES AND NEW SINS The Clio. By L. H. Myers. (Putnam. is. 6d. net.) Cat's Cradle. By Maurice Baring. (Heinemann. 15s. net.) THE real identity of Mr. Arlen's and Mr....

CURRENT LITERATURE

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THE WORLD'S GREATEST BOOKS IN OUTLINE. _ (Thq Amalgamated Press, Part I. is.) MR. J. A. HAankrEaTox is bringing out in fortnightly parts a new edition, rearranged, revised, and...

THE county of Bucks is fortunate in having its place-names

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thoroughly studied just as its Victoria History was being completed. For, as Professors Mawer and Stenton show in this masterly volume, the place-names and the historical...

A LIBRARY LIST

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Don Juan. By James Elroy Fleeker. (Heinemann. 6s.) • Broken Ties and other . Stories. - By Rabindranath Tagore. (Macmillan. 7s. 6d.) Experiments. By Norman Douglas. (Chapman...

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FINANCE-PUBLIC AND PRIVATE

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THOSE who do not happen to confine their daily reading to one particular newspaper must be a little puzzled as to the industrial outlook in this country. For the most part the...

OTHER NOVELS

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' The Naked Man. By Vere Hutchinson: (Jonathan Cape. 78. 6d. net.)—Miss Hutchinson's new novel stands or falls oh the measure of success with which she presents the character...

The Room under the Stairs. By Herman Landon. (Hutchinson. 7s.

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6d. net.)—This American mystery story is very well manufactured, and all the usual sensations of anger, pity, fright, and joy in the prospect of wedding bells are deftly...

The Valrose Mystery. By William Le Queux. (Ward, Lock. 7s.

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6d. net.)----We are not among those who demand perfection of style in a potboiler ; but Mr. Le Queux is certainly exceptional in the number of cliches he uses. His heroine...

RECREATIONS OF LONDON

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LECTURES Daily.—Humotra, Exantrriox. At Spring Galleries, Trafalgar Square. Humorous Talks, Songs at the Piano, Lightning Sketches, &c., at 5.30. For particulars apply to...

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ANGLO-PERSIAN Paorrrs.

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When the dividend was announced of the Anglo. , Persian Oil Company at the rate of 124 per cent., some disappointment was expressed by market operators in the shares. That such...

THE RUBBER OUTPUT.

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The. Announcement by the Colonial Office to the effect that the exportable alldwance of rubber from Malaya and Ceylon for the current quarter would be raised from 75 per cent....

A PROSPEROUS CONCERN.

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For the past three years the profits of Dalgety -4fz Co. have steadily advanced. The net profit for 1923, for example, of £324,000 compares with £254,000 in the previous year,...

FINANCIAL NOTES

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HESITATING MARKETS. SEMI-SPECULATIVE rather then purely investment activities characterize the Stock Markets at the moment. Dealings in what may be termed the main sections of...