8 JULY 1911

Page 39

THE GOLDEN BOUGH.

The Spectator

BOOKS. THE GOLDEN BOUGH.* THE three volumes of Dr. Frazer's third edition of his Golden Bough now before us are a welcome sight, the more welcome because, though the Golden...

Page 40

THE AWAKENING OF SCOTLAND.

The Spectator

THE AWAKENING OF SCOTLAND-. THE third instalment of Mr. Mathieson's history of modern Scotland is as able and fascinating as the preceding volumes. The work bids fair to take...

Page 41

GIOVANNI DELLE BANDE NERE.

The Spectator

GIOVANNI DELLE BANDE NERE.* THE Medici are always interesting. Whatever they attempted was done thoroughly, even their crimes and follies, and with a touch of originality that...

Page 42

ART BOOKS.

The Spectator

ART BOOKS.* THE fashion now prevails in the literature of art for producing a series of volumes of biography, and as publishers follow one another in the production of such...

Page 43

DEATH.

The Spectator

DEATH.* WHO, if anybody, ought to write a book about deathP Saints and sinners, poets and lovers, grandpapas and grand. mammas, sweated factory-hands, and all who daily risk...

Page 44

AN EXAMPLE OF COMMUNAL CURRENCY.

The Spectator

AN EXAMPLE OF COMMUNAL CURRENCY.* I THE story of the building of the Market-House in Guernsey is briefly as follows:-" By the simple expedient of paying for the work in...

SOME BOOKS ABOUT SPAIN.

The Spectator

SOME BOOKS ABOUT SPAIN.* Ms. CALVERT is a thorough-going admirer of Spain and the Spaniard. " The nobility of his [the Spaniard's] character has been kept unsullied by his...

Page 45

LETTERS ON AMPHIBIOUS WARS.

The Spectator

LETTERS ON AMPHIBIOUS WARS.* IT is well within the memory of comparatively young men that the writings of an American seaman roused, or perhaps it would be better to say reaw a...

Page 46

THE WOMAN'S BOOK.

The Spectator

THE WOMAN'S BOOK.* MANY people and things are frankly advertised in this rather unwieldy volume, from furniture shops to the ways of the militant Suffragettes, who are praised...

THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH.

The Spectator

THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH. MR. CE1OZZAP MONEY has published a new edition of his Riches and Poverty, which first appeared in 1905, and he must be congratulated on having...

Page 47

The First Duke and Duchess of Newcastle. By the author of "A Life of Sir Kenelm Digby."

The Spectator

CURRENT LITERATURE. THE FIRST DUKE AND DUCHESS OF NEWCASTLE. The First Duke and Duchess of Newcastle. By the author of "A Life of Sir Kenelm Digby." (Longmans and Co. lOs....

THE HISTORY OF TRADE UNIONISM.

The Spectator

THE HISTORY OF TRADE- UNIONISM.* I MR. AND MRS. WZBB take the opportunity of a further issue of their History of Trade Unionism to write a new introductory chapter. The greater...

Reminiscences of Admiral Montagu. By Admiral the Hon Victor A. Montagu, C.B.

The Spectator

REMINISCENCES OF ADMIRAL MONTAGU. I Reminiscences of Admiral Montagu. By Admiral the iHon | Victor A. Montagu, C.B. (Edward Arnold. 15s. net.)-No one can complain of a want...

Page 48

Pie Powder. By a Circuit Tramp.

The Spectator

TWO VOLUMES OF LAW STORIES. Pie Powder. By a Circuit Tramp. (John Murray. 5s. net.)-| "Pie Powder" is equivalent to "Dust from the Law Courts," and the "Dust" has been swept...

THREE VOLUMES OF THE "HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY OF MODERN KNOWLEDGE."

The Spectator

THREE VOLUMES OF THE "HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY OF MODERN KNOWLEDGE." I We would call the attention of our readers to the "{Home University Library of Modern Knowledge "...

Belgium and the Belgians. By Demetrius C. Boulger.

The Spectator

BELGIUM AND THE BELGIANS. Belgium and the Belgians. By Demetrius C. Boulger. (Sir Isaac ] Pitman and Sons. 6s. net.)-This is a volume of the " Countries and Peoples " Series....

At the Back of Things. By Hugh B. Chapman.

The Spectator

AT THE BACK OF THINGS. At the Back of Things. By Hugh B. Chapman. (Duckworth and Co. 5s. net.)-Mr. Chapman takes various proverbial sayings and makes them texts for as many...

Res Paulinae. Edited by the Rev. R. B. Gardiner and John Lupton, M.A.

The Spectator

RES PAULINAE. Res Paulinae. Edited by 1the Rev. R. B. Gardiner and John I Lupton, M.A. (St. Paul's School, West Kensington.) -This volume celebrates the eighth half-century...

Page 49

The Letters and Journal of Count Leiningen. Edited, with Introduction, by Henry Marczali, Ph.D., done into English by Arthur B. Yolland, Ph.D.

The Spectator

THE LETTERS AND JOURNAL OF COUNT LEININGEN. The Letters and Journal of Count Leiningen. Edited, with Introduction, by Henry Marezali, Ph.D., done into English by Arthur B....

A Book of Verse by Living Women. With an Introduction by Lady Margaret Sackville.

The Spectator

TWO ANTHOLOGIES. A Book of Verse by Living Women. With an Introduction by I Lady Margaret Sackrville. (Herbert and Daniel. 3s. 6d. net.)- Lady Margaret Sackville is very...

The Wright Cookery Book. By Alison Wright.

The Spectator

THE WRIGHT COOKERY BOOK. I The Wright Cookery Book. By Alison Wright. (Gay and .. I I. Hancock. 5s. net.)-In her preface Mrs. Wright tells us tlat sno has " had over twenty...

Town Planning Schemes. By E. G. Bentley, LL.B., and S. Pointon Taylor, A.R.I.B.A.

The Spectator

TOWN PLANNING SCHEMES. I Town Planning Schemes. By E. G. Bentley, LL.B., and S. I Pointon Taylor, A.R.I.B.A. (Philip and Son. 5s. net.)-This is a practical guide written...

The Golden Land. By A. E. Copping.

The Spectator

THE GOLDEN LAND. . I The Golden Land. By A. E. Copping. (Hodder and Stougbton. I 6s.)-Mr. Copping gives as a sub-title to his book "The True Story of British Settlers in...

A Midsummer Night's Dream. With Introduction and Notes. By William Henry Hudson.

The Spectator

A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. A Midsurmmer Night's Dream. With Introduction and Notes. I By William Henry Hudson. (George G. Harrap and Co. Is. 6d. I net.)-This is a volume of...

Page 50

Sound Business. By Albert E. Bull.

The Spectator

SOUND BUSINESS. Sound Business. By Albert E. Bull. (Cassell and Co. 6s. net.)- I It has often been said that good luck is the combination of a number of causes which cannot...

A Key to Life's Mystery; or, Man in Two Moods. By W. B. Norris, M.A.

The Spectator

A BOOK OF EXCERPTS. I A Key to Life's Mystery; or, Man in Two Moods. By W. B. I Norris, M.A. (Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. 7s. Gd.)-Mr. Norris's I book is a third edition, but...

Page

[No doubt Lord Morley's sympathetic attitude towards Lord...]

The Spectator

No doubt Lord Morley's sympathetic attitude towards Lord Newton's amendment was made dependent on the non-in. sistence of Lord Lansdowne upon his amendments. But we do not...

[The House of Lords finished the Committee stage on Thurs-...]

The Spectator

The House of Lords finished the Committee stage on Tburs. day night, and the Report was fixed for next Thtrsday. We do not doubt that by that time clauses will have been...

[The event of chief importance in foreign affairs is the arrival...]

The Spectator

The event of chief importance in foreign affairs is the a rrival of a German war ship at Agadir, a port on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, at the mouth of the Sus River, which...

[What we take it will actually happen is that if not in its...]

The Spectator

What we take it will actually happen is that if not in its I present form, at any rate in substance, the Government will I accept Lord Newton's amendment, an amendment which...

[As soon as men recognized these facts they saw that...]

The Spectator

As soon as men recognized these facts they saw that as things stood the result of the Lords insisting on their amendments would be, not to defeat the Parliament Bill, but to...

[AS we write on Friday morning, compromise and concilia-...]

The Spectator

NEWS OF THE WEEK. A S we write on Frilay morning, compromise and conciliaA tion are in the air, and we should not be surprised if during this Saturday to Monday terms were...

Page

THE HOUSE OF LORDS AND THE VETO BILL.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

THE HOUSE OF LORDS AND THE VETO BILLI [TO THE EDITOR O THa "SPzCTATOB."] SIR,-Your arguments in favour of the House of Lords not pushing their amendments tothepointatwhich...

CHRISTIAN UNITY.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

CHRISTIAN UNITY. [To Toz EDITOn ON THo " SPCTATOR."I SiR,-Your correspondent " Anglican Layman" concludes his delightful letter with the interesting but not yet popular...

THE 'PANTHER' AT AGADIR.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

THE 'PANTHER' AT AGADIR. rTo THE EDITOR OF TEE " SPECTATOR.'1 SiR,-The whole German nation-a very rare case in Germany -unanimously agrees that the Government has done the...

THE DOCTORS AND MR. LLOYD GEORGE.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

THE DOCTORS AND MR. LLOYD GEORGE. [TO TER lIRDTOR or "M rSPBCTATOP.-J SiR,- Will you allow me to plead for a compromise based on the principle that the medical "benefit"...

THE UNITED COMMUNION AT HEREFORD.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

TEE UNITED COMMUNION AT HEREFORD. [TO Tox EDITOR oF THE "dSPECTATOR."] SIR,-At the Bishop's invitation I partook of the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper according to the rites of...

Page

GERMANY AND MOROCCO.

The Spectator

GERMANY AND MOROCCO. E do not believe that anything so terrible as a disturbance of the peace of Europe will follow the action which Germany has taken at the Moroccan port of...

THE POLITICAL CRISIS.

The Spectator

TOPICS OF THE DAY. THE POLITICAL CRISIS. THOUGH we are not yet quite out of the wood, the situation has improved a very great deal since our last issue, and there is now...

Page

A BIRD'S-NEST STORY.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

A BIRD'S-NEST STORY. [TO THz EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOR.1I SiR,-I should be interested to know if others anion, vycur readers have conic across a double nest. A pair of...

ARE THE TROUT STREAMS OF SOUTHERN ENGLAND FAILING?; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

ARE THE TROUT STREAMS OF SOUTHERN ENGLAND FAILING? [TO THE EDITOR OF THE " SPETATOR."] SiR,-The Spectator is always open for letters on natural history, and it has struck me...

STATE CHILD EMIGRATION SOCIETY.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

STATE CHILD EMIGRATION SOCIETY. [TO THE EDITOR OF TIE "SPECTATOR."] Sin,-Perhaps you would be willing to publish this brief proposal to form a society advocating State...

"THE GREAT ADULT REVIEW."; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

" THE GREAT ADULT REVIEW." [TO THE EDIToR OF THE "SPFCTATOR."] SIR,-I have been asked to give my opinion on the controver-y between the Spectator and the English Rcview, and I...

THE WILD OATS THEORY.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

THE WILD OATS THEORY. rTO THE EDITOR OF TOY " SI'zCTATOR."1 SiR,-I have read with amazement Mr. Ford M1adox Hneffer's letter in your issue of the 24th inst. It may be, as Mr....

Page

[Lord Morley in his reply commented in detail upon the...]

The Spectator

Lord Morley in his reply commented in detail upon the I various points in the amendment. Ile said be could not conceive a House of Commons passing a Bill impairing the...

[On Thursday the House of Commons continued the dis-...]

The Spectator

On Thursday the House of Commons continued the dis- cussion of Clause 2. When that bad been passed the House proceeded to the consideration of the financial resolution...

[The discussion was continued on Tuesday, when Lord...]

The Spectator

The discussion was continued on Tuesday, when Lord I Lansdowne moved the official Opposition amendment to the second clause of the Bill. This provides that no Bill affecting...

[In the House of Commons on Thursday Sir Edward Grey...]

The Spectator

I In the House of Commons on Thursday Sir Edward Grey announced the resignation of Sir Eldon Gorst, whose con(lition is now, we regret to say, declared to be critical. Thoulgh...

[The rioting at Hull last week in connection with the...]

The Spectator

I The rioting at Hull last week in connection with the shipping strike was so serious that on Friday week five hundred Metropolitan police were despatehed there. The situation...

[On Monday the King reviewed 17,000 members of the...]

The Spectator

On Monday the King reviewed 17.000 members of the Officers' Training Corps-undergraduates and public-sehool boys-in Windsor Great Park. The experienced corresponident of the...

[The debate on Lord Lansdowne's amendment was concluded...]

The Spectator

I The debate on Lord Lansdowvne's amendment was conulcded on Wednesday. After a speech by Lord Midleton, whiic dealt chiefly with Home Rule, Lord Weardale gave miuch...

[The Committee Stage of the Parliament Bill was resumed...]

The Spectator

The Committee Stage of the Parliament Bill was resumed I in the House of Lords on Monday. The first amendment considered was moved by Lord Avebury, and was designed to exclude...

Page

A CASE OF SUTTEE.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

A CASE OF SUTTEE. LTO THE EDITOR OF THR " SPECTATOR.,"] SIR,-Your recent references to suttee in India reminded me of a case that occurred in Berar, Central Provinces. It is...

COLLECTIVE NOUNS.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

COLLECTIVE NOUNS. [TO TEE EDITOR OF TILE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,-For some years I have been puzzled, and I may say irritated, by the extraordinary diversity of opinion amongst...

RECREATION FOR WORKING GIRLS.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

RECREATION FOR WORKING GIRLS. [TO THE EDITOR 0 THE "SPECTATOr."] SIR,-There is a great deal of truth in the pathetic words of a factory girl, quoted in a letter to the...

THE WORDS "NINE" AND "NEW."; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

THE WORDS " NINE " AND " NEW." ITO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR.'1 SIR,-Mr. Robertson has drawn attention to an interesting point in the etymological history of the...

Page

[The Navy Estimates were discussed in the House of Com-...]

The Spectator

I The Navy Estimates were discussed in the House of Com. mons on Tuesday. Mr. Arthur Lee said that our cruisers would be quite insufficient to protect our trade routes if...

[The Times correspondent in Albania reports in Wednesday's...]

The Spectator

The TImes correspondent in Albania reports in Wednesday's I paper a conversation with Torgut Shevket Pasha, the Turkish Commander-in-Chief. Torgut Shevket declared that the...

[This is hardly the way to reassure French public opinion or...]

The Spectator

This is hardly the way to reassure French public opinion or I to induce France to believe that Germany's action is not intended to be hostile, but is merely an assertion of...

[The Committee stage of the Insurance Bill was begun in...]

The Spectator

The Committee stage of the Insurance Bill was begun in the House of Commons on Wednesday. Before the House went into Committee, however, a motion was proposed by Mr. Booth and...

[The launch of Austria's first Dreadnought has proved the...]

The Spectator

The launch of Austria's first Dreadnought has proved the I occasion for an extraordinary pronouncement by the Viennese service paper, Danzer's Armee-Zeitung. This consists of...

[In the House of Commons on Monday the debate on the...]

The Spectator

I In the House of Commons on Monday the debate on the Declaration of London was concluded, Mr. Butcher's amendment to refer the Declaration to a Commission being rejected by a...

[We are glad to note that great pleasure is expressed in...]

The Spectator

We are glad to note that great pleasure is expressed in I Paris at the firmness of Mr. Asquith's words, and at the alacrity with which he has declared that we mean to stand by...

Page

MR. HARRIS AND THE "ENGLISH REVIEW."; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

MR. HARRIS AND THE " ENGLISH REVIEW." [TO THE EDITOR O THE "SPECTATOR."] S.R,-When men are murdered in the United States without form (4 trial by lynch law Englishmen are not...

Page

[TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

[To THE EDITOR OF THE " SPECTATOU."1 SIR,-You are to be congratulated 1)0thl on holding a fimn conviction as to the rigrht course to he taken aniidst the nresent perplexities...

THE POLITICAL CRISIS.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR. THE POLITICAL CRISIS. LTO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."1 SIR,-Without in any way desiring to usurp the Editor's proudest privilege of the last word,...

Page

GERMAN NATIONAL INSURANCE AND THE SOCIALISTS.

The Spectator

GERMAN NATIONAL INSURANCE AND THE SOCIALISTS.* THE new German Insurance Law-passed by the Reichstag iii June-contains, among many hundred amendments to the old laws, three or...

Page

"TWO JOBS FOR ONE MAN."; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

"TWO JOBS FOR ONE MAN." [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."] SIR,-In your footnote to Mr. Crosfield's letter in your issue of July 1st you propound the following syllogism:-"...

KING GEORGE'S WELSH DESCENT.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

KING GEORGE'S WELSH DESCENT. [TO THz EDITOR OF TuE "SPEc-rATOR. 1 SIR,-For all his ingenuity your correspondent " M. J. B." leaves a doubt as to whether the Irish descent of...

GOVERNMENT AS A UNIVERSAL PROVIDENCE.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

GOVERNMENT AS A UNIVERSAL PROVIDENCE. [TO Tric EDITOR OF Tur "SPECTATOR."J SIR,-The following quotation may be of interest:"Ho conceives that the business of tlie mnagistrate...

MENTAL ACTIVITY AND MEMORY.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

MENTAL ACTIVITY AND MEMORY. [To THlE EDITOR O0 TE " SPECTATOR."1 SiR,-In connexion with the interesting discussion on phantasms in the Spectator I think it may be of some...

A POLITICAL FABLE.; [TO THE EDITOR OF THE "SPECTATOR."]

The Spectator

A POLITICAL FABLE. [TO THE EDITOR 0P THE "SPECTATOR."] Sir.,-A friend of mine has an agent who manages for him a large and complicated business. For a couple of years past the...

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Urban District Councils. By J. M. McLachlan.

The Spectator

SOME BOOKS 0F THE WEEK. [Under this heading twe notice such Books .; the soAee as have not be#?% rtserved for rcview ill other formst.] I Urban District Councils. By J. M....

Leila. By Antonio Fogazzaro. Translated by Mary Pritchard Agnetti.

The Spectator

Leila. By Antonio Fogazzaro. Translated by Mary Pritchard Agnetti. (Hodder anI Stoughton. 6s.)-We cannot say that Signor j Fogazzaro's story, qua story, has interested us...

The Clatter of the Clogs. By Arthur Applin

The Spectator

TILe Clatter of the Clogs. By Arthur Applin (F. V. White and I Co. 6s.)-There is some excellent work in this book. The central idea of the story is a good one; the moral is...

The Achievements of John Carruthers. By Sir Edmund C. Cox, Bart.

The Spectator

The Achievemnents of John Carruthers. By Sir Edmund C. Cox, I Bart. (Constable and Co. 6s.)-Many of our readers will know something of Mr. John Carruthers, Superintendent of...

[In the "Regent Library" (Herbert and Daniel.]

The Spectator

I In the " Regent Library " (Herbert and Daniel. 2s. Od. net per vol.) we have Leigh Hunt, by Edward Storer. There is a Biographical Introduction, in which the incidents of...

Page

DOGS AT A SHOW.

The Spectator

DOGS AT A SHOW [HERE is all the difference in the world between dog shows Theld in the winter and in the summer months. A dog show in the winter or the early spring is a place...

Page

WILLIAM MORRIS.

The Spectator

BOO KS. WILLIAM MORRIS.* TiiERE are poets whose power and influence are none the less for being tacit and unrecognized. Every principle of growth, whether in art or in life,...

POETRY.

The Spectator

POETRY. THE KERRY COW. IT'S in Connacht or in Munster that yourself might travel wide, And be asking all the herds you'd meet along the countryside, But you'd never meet a one...

Page

THE DOWNFALL OF THE GODS.

The Spectator

NOVELS. THE DOWNFALL OF THE GODS.* THE archaeology of Kambodia is still problematical, but what with the certainties of history, the speculations of archeologists, and the...

Page

THE YOUNG PEOPLE.

The Spectator

THE YOUNG PEOPLE.# WE welcome a new edition of Mr. Stephen Paget's charming )0ook, The Young People. One new essay, not less delightful than its precursors, is added to those...

THE MAGAZINES.

The Spectator

THE MAGAZINES. TJTE Ninetfeenlth Century contains a detailed review of the naval situation by Sir William White, who begins by observing that in dealing with such a subject...

Page

SURREY MEMORIALS.

The Spectator

SURREY MEMORIALS.* IT is a little difficult to guess the definition of a " memorial " which Dr. Cox had in his mind in deciding upon the contents of this book. A memorial,...

THE WORLD OF LIFE.

The Spectator

THE WORLD OF LIFE.* IT is a wonderful achievement for a man eighty-eight years old, to write a book of 400 pages on Life and to maintain from the first page to the last a high...

Page

THE NEW TESTAMENT.

The Spectator

THE NEW TESTAMENT. * Tniis is a volume of the "International Theological Library," and when we say that it is worthy to stand side by side with a book known to every serious...

HISTORY FROM A SOUTH AFRICAN STANDPOINT.

The Spectator

HISTORY FROM A SOUTH AFRICAN STANDPOINT.* WE hear much to-day of English history for schools being written from a local standpoint, so that children in Yorkshire The Expansion...

Page

THE STATE OF PUBLIC BUSINESS.

The Spectator

THE STATE OF PUBLIC BUSINESS. THE country has paid so little attention during the past few weeks to the proceedings of the House of Commons that few people are aware how...

Page

M. CAILLAUX AND HIS POLICY.

The Spectator

M. CAILLAUX AND HIS POLICY. A FTER the brief, pathetic, and characterless adiininiA stration of M. Monis, M. Caillaux, the new French Prime Minister, is attempting apparently...

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The "Army Review."

The Spectator

The " Army Reriew."- -We congratulate the Army Council upon | their production of a very well-printed and workmaulike quarterly, the " Army Review." The first numnber is full...

The title of the Anti-Socialist Union Speakcer's Handbook.

The Spectator

The title of the Anti-Socialist Union Speakcer's Handbook. - -... .. ... - I (Anti. I I Socialist Union of Great Britain. 2s.)-The speaker wiji find plenty of material for...

The Jewish Sources of the Sermon on the Mount. By Gerald Friedlander.

The Spectator

The Jewish Sources of the Sermon on the Mount. By Gerald FriedlandIer. (G. Routledge and Sons. 4s. 6d. net.)-Mr. Fried- I lander is the minister of a London synagogue, and...

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LORD ROSEBERY ON THACKERAY.

The Spectator

LORD ROSEBERY ON TUACKERAY. LORD ROSEBERY, speaking at the opening of the L museum of Thackeray relics, brought together by the Titmarsh Club in bonour of the centenary of...

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A RED-LETTER DAY.

The Spectator

A RED-LETTER DAY. I CORONATION DAY in the country wras not exactly like any other Bank Holiday, though it was marked after dark by those strange bursts of maniacal noise which...