goteign Wain.

SPAIN continues to be in a very unsettled condition. It is said that refugees of all opinions in France are flocking to the towns near the frontier ; and among those who have approached Bayonne, is Jaureguy, el Pastor.

There has been a disturbance at Malaga, in consequence of the dis- missal of Lopez and his Cabinet. The French steamer Gassendi called there on the 25th May, and found that the place had been for some days in a state of insurrection.

"The National Guard," says the Toulannais, "was in possession of all the ports, and had compelled the military authorities to join the movement. The latter, however, had succeeded in effecting their escape, bringing with them all the troops, on the night of the 25tb. A. great number of men armed with muskets, and provided with leather belts full of cartridges, (smugglers, no doubt,) were coming in from the neighbouring villages. Carta and horses, carrying muskets, had entered the city, whilst other arms and ammunition were landed from boats. On the 26th, when the Gassendi left Malaga, the Square of the Constitution was armed with National Guards, who loudly de- manded the recall of the Lopez Cabinet, and declared that on no other con- dition would they recognize the authority of Espartero."

The Commandant of the National Guard, supported by his men and Customhouse Guard,:talked the people into a reaction ; and the Provi- sional Junta dissolved at his approach. The revolt was produced, says one account, by reports that Madrid had had a pronuniamiento in favour of Lopez ; but the Toulonnais ascribes it to parties who wished for an opportunity of smuggling ; and the Madrid Espartador says, that during the disturbances two vessels actually landed on the coast cargoes of tobacco and piece-goods, which were carried into the interior and se- cured ; while the smugglers, hoping for continued riot, sent to Gibraltar for further supplies. The riot actually was renewed, and the inten- diente was killed.

In Granada the Captain-General Santa Cruz revolted, and formed a Junta ; a document appeared in the Madrid journals purporting to be a proclamation issued by Santa Cruz. The tale was at first supposed to have no better foundation than a review, or some other ordinary military movements, in which the Commander had been engaged ; but on the 26th all disguise was thrown aside.

In Catalonia, matters wore rather a more serious aspect. Colonel Prim roused the people of Reuss, on the 30th; and he issued a pro- clamation nominating himself and others as a Junta ; declaring the innocent Queen Isabella to be in the parricidal hands of those who had violated the•Constitutiou, and denouncing Espartero's Government as sacrificing every thing to England, and contemplating the sale of "our Antilles of both oceans "—Cuba and the Philippines. Captain Milans, who, like the Colonel, was a Deputy to the Cones, was President of the Junta. Their motto is "The immediate majority of Queen Isabella, and the Constitution of 1837." The excitement spread to other parts ; but it had not everywhere assumed the decided shape of overt hostility to the Government. Tarragona refused to open its gates to Prim, at the head of 3,000 militia and volunteers. In Barcelona the municipal authorities issued a proclamation on the 31st, stating the facts of the outbreak at Malaga and Prim's revolt ; not advising the citizens either way, to join it or not ; but containing enigmatical allusions to the past. The Captain-General, however, strengthened his military posts, and detached a force against the insurgents.

Fitssee.—The Chamber of Deputies has been occupied with the Budget for 1844. The report of the Committee on it was presented on Saturday ; a quarto of three hundred and thirty-five pages. The Go- vernment estimate was 1,281,013,710 francs, the Committee propose to reduce it by 18,949,077 franca. There is a deficiency foreseen at the end of 1843, of 600 millions! The report attributes the bad state of the finances to the " armed peace," and asks, " What would be- come of us were such events as those of 1840 again to occur ? If in 1840 and 1841 we were able to face financial difficulties, that was owing to the Budgets of 1838 and 1839 having upwards of 31 millions surplus." The report concludes by conjuring the Finance Minister to resist the fatal tendency to expense, and especially not to be led away by the de- sire to complete public works too rapidly. Acting in this sense, ma Tuesday, the Chamber refused grants to the Italian Opera and other theatres, (of which it was remarked, that places of such fashionable re- sort ought to pay their own expenses,) additional grants to the clergy, and divers railway grants. The Finance Minister asked for 8,0004 fo* the charitable part of the fetes of July ; which, in consequence of the melancholy fate of the late Duke of Orleans, are to be solemnized this year merely by alms and funereal service.

Ministers experienced a check which was considered very serious, on Tuesday afternoon : the Chamber rejected their demand of 130,000 francs for the service of the French possessions in India, by 175 to 103, A correspondent of the Times contends that the refusal of the grant was occasioned by "the profligate misapplication of the public money of late years in Pondicherry and elsewhere." Intimidated by this demon- stration, Ministers withheld another bill, relative to inland navigation ; which would, it was understood, have been similarly rejected.

The Siècle thus records successive defeats of the Ministers— According to the witty expression of Marshal Soult, President of the Council, each of the Ministers has received in succession 'a yellow cartridge' from the Chambers. The Minister of Finance saw his coinage bill ejected ; the Minister of Public Works, the Bill for completing the railroad from La Teste to Bordeaux ; the ARnister of Commerce the sugar bill ; the Minister of Marine, the grant to the inhabitants of Pondicherry; the Minister of Justice, (in the Chamber of Peers,) the bill for modifying the penal code ; the Minis ' ter for Foreign Affairs remains under the weight of the debates produced by the question of the right of search; the Minister of the Interior may, for his part, claim as a negative success the votes on the inquiry into the conduct of the Go- vernment functionaries during the late elections. It is believed that the Ministers of War and of Public Instruction, who at present cause their col- leagues some jealousy, will have their turn before the conclusion of the session."

INDIA.—Full accounts by the overland Indian mail have been received this week. The latest date from Bombay is the 1st May, and from Calcutta the 14th April. The report brought by the previoas mail, that there had been another important military affair in Scinde, is confirmed. Major Stack, who was proceeding from Sukkur to Hyderabad in com- mand of a brigade, encountered a strong body of the enemy within.a day's march of Sir Charles Napier's position ; but they were not very resolute in their opposition to his advarce, and he beat them off without much difficulty. Sir Charles Napier allowed the soldiers one day to rest, and at daybreak on the 24th March, he set out with the whole of his force, 6,000 strong, to meet the Scindians. He found them about half-past eight o'clock, 25,000 strong, or more, posted behind one of the large nullabs or drs water-courses by which the country is intersected in all directions. The nullah was formed by two parallel ditches, one twenty feet wide and eight feet deep, the other forty-two feet wide and seventeen feet deep. The position of the Seindian army, which was commanded by Meer Shere Mahomed, was nearly a straight line- " To ascertain the extent of his line," says Sir Charles Napier in an official despatch, "was extremely difficult, as his left did not appear to be satisfactorily defined, but he began moving to his right when he perceived that the British force outflanked him in that direction. Believing that this movement had drawn him from that part of the nullah which had bean prepared for defence, I hoped to attack his right with less difficulty; and Major Leslie's troop of Horse Artillery was ordered to move forward and endeavour to rake the nullah; the Ninth Light Cavalry and Poona Horse advancing in line, on the left of the artillery, which was supported on the right by her Majesty's Twenty-second Regiment ; the latter being, however, at first considerably retired to admit of the oblique fire of Leslie's troop. The whole of the artillery now opened upon the enemy's position ; and the British line advanced in echellons from the left, her Majesty's Twenty-Second Regiment leading the attack." Just before the commencement of the action' Major Waddington of the Engineers, with Lieutenant Brown, and Lieutenant Hill of the Artillery, galloped from end to end of the enemy's line, on purpose to draw on themselves the fire of the guns and matchlocks, and so to ascertain their strength, while they looked out for accessible or undefended portions at which the nullah might be crossed. Though bullets and round shot whistled around them, they escaped unharmed. The attack of the Twenty-Second was led by Sir Charles Napier its person; who rode in among the men, and waving his hat amid a storm of bullets, gave the word, "Twenty-Second, charge ! " We take up the thread of the despatch- " The enemy was now perceived to move from his centre in considerable bodies to his left, apparently retreating, unable to sustain the cross-fire of the British artillery ; on seeing which Major Stack, at the head of the Third Cavalry, under command of Captain Delamain, and the Sciude Horse, under command of Captain Jacob, made a brilliant charge upon the enemy's left flank; crossing the nullah, and cutting down the retreating enemy for several miles. While this was passing on the right, her Majesty's Twenty-Second Regiment, gallantly led by Major Poole, who commanded the brigade, and Captain George, who commanded the corps, attacked the nullah on the left with great gallantry ; and, I regret to add, with considerable loss. Thin brave battalion marched up to the nullah under a heavy tire of matchlocks, without

returning a shot till within forty paces of the intrenchment, and then stormed it like British soldier:. The intrepid Lieutenant Coote first mounted the rampart, seized one of the enemy's standards, and was severely wounded while waving it and cheering on his men. Meanwhile, the Poona Horse, under

Captain Tait, and the Ninth Cavalry, under Major Storey, turned the enemy's right flank, pursuing and cutting down the fugitives for several miles. Her Majesty's Twenty-second Regiment was well supported by the batteries commanded by Captains Willoughby and Hatt, which crossed their fire with that of Major Leslie. Then came the Second Brigade, under command of Major Woodburn, bearing down into action with excellent coolness. It con- sisted of the Twenty-fifth, Twenty-first, and Twelfth Regiments, under the command of Captains Jackson, Stevens, and Fisher, respectively. These Regiments were strongly sustained by the fire of Captain Whitley's battery ; on the right of which were the Eighth and First Regiments, under Majors Browne and Clibborne. These two corps advanced with the regularity of a review up to the intrenchments ; their commanders with a considerable exertion, stopping their fire, on seeing that a portion of the Scinde Horse and Third Cavalry in charging the enemy had got in front of the brigade. The battle was decided by the troop of Horse Artillery and her Majesty's Twenty- second Regiment." The battle lasted three hours. The sequel is succinctly told by the Bombay correspondent of the Morning Chronicle— "The enemy's infantry and artillery, it appears, fought well, but the cavalry Indifferently. Their loss was very great ; about 500 bodies being counted upon the field of battle, %bile the neighbouring villages were filled with dead and wounded men. Three chiefs fell in action—one Hajee Mahomed Seedee, the great promoter of the war. Eleven pieces of cannon and seventeen standards fell into our hands ; but very few prisoners were taken, the Beloochees fighting to the last with great desperation, and the custom of their country warfare being neither to give nor accept quarter. The greater part of their force must Lave been composed of men of mature age, as scarcely a single youth could be teen among the slain. The next morning all the bodies in the nullah were found burning ; a horrifying and digustiug sight. Our loss was also con- siderable, amounting to 39 killed and 231 wounded : among the former, were Captain Garrett, of the Ninth Cavalry, and Lieutenant Smith, of the Horse Artillery; Lieutenant F. Burr, of the Twenty-first Native Infantry, was severely wounded, and died from the effects of his injuries subsequently to the battle Wounded men, to the number of sixty, were sent to Bombay on the 16th April, and arrived on the 25th.

"Oa the termination of the struggle, Shere Mahomed fled into the desert with about forty followers, his army having been wholly dispersed. He was pursued by the Poona Horse, who chased him as far as Meerpore; when he took refuge in the fortress of Omercote."

This fortress fell into the bands of the British in a singular manner. Sir Charles Napier proceeded with a lightly equipped force as far as Jourbee, and sent a detachment to Omercote ; a deficiency of water in that direction obliging him to divide the troops. We quote the General— "1 received a despatch from Omercote, saying that it was defended by a powerful garrison; and at the same moment I received another from Hyderabad, to say that the river [Indus] was rising with rapidity. It therefore became necessary to give up the idea of attacking Omercote, and I ordered a retreat, returning myself to this town [Meerpore]. Jest as my orders to retreat reached the advancing force, then within twenty miles of Omercote, another report reached the commanding officer that the fortress was abandoned Between this report and my order for him to retreat, the commanding officer was embarrassed : upon which, Lieutenant Brown mounted his horse, and, under the burning sun of this climate, rode forty miles, to Meerpore, received my orders, ers, and instantly returned, taking the supporting troops on the road along with him ; and Omercote was taken. Justice to this officer has made me enter into a detail otherwise unnecessary ; but the man who rides eighty miles without stopping, and in broad day, under a Scindian sun, deserves this com- pliment."

Lord Ellenborough, who had remained at Agra, though he had left "the Palace " for a more commodious residence, had issued a notifica- tion, dated 5th April, announcing the victory, reasserting the treachery and perverseness of the Ameers, and remarking of Shere Mahomed that tie"preferred the chances of war to the security of peace, and has Cow no refuge but the desert." The Governor-General had ordered that arrears of revenue due in Scinde up to the 17th February 1843 should not be collected; a remission which is considered judicious. In a general order appointing officers for the collection of the revenue, Sir Charles Napier, as Governor of Sande, remarks- " The -above officers are not to make any avoidable change in the ancient customs and laws of the country as we now find them. The conquest of a country is a sufficient convulsion for the people of that country, without add- ing to their disturbance by abrupt innovations on their habits and the usual routine of their social life. The above-mentioned officers are, therefore, re- quested to confine their exertions to the correction of those numerous evils which the late tyrannical government of the Belooch conquerors had inflicted upon this unhappy land. It will depend upon the government of Scinde to make people hail the coming of the British as a memorable redemption from slavery and oppression, or look upon it with apathy as a mere change of cruel masters."

The correspondent of the Morning Chronicle observes— "Sir C. Napier considers the country almost entirely subdued ; and we may take his word that it is so. We have begun well : humanity, forbearance, and consideration have been shown to our foes ; the measures contemplated for the administration of affairs promise to prove satisfactory ; the people view with pleasure the change of masters. Let us continue to govern as we have com- rneneed, and the affections of the people we have vanquished will guarantee the firmness and stability of our rule. The accounts from Cabal are still obscure and doubtful. Zeman -Khan is named as the ruler. Akhbar Khan was said to be at Jellalabad, to meet his father ; who was last heard of at Peshawar. The Maha- rajah had written to Akhbar Khan, says a correspondent of the Delhi Gazette, "Co the effect that as Sirdar Post Mahomed Khan had agreed in writing to pay a certain amount of tribute to the Khalsa, on his resuming the sovereignty of Cabal, on condition of the Maharajah resigning all pretensions on Cabal and Candahar, his Highness hoped that he (Ma- limed Akhbar) would receive his father with all due honour, and sub- mit himself in all things to his rule."

The Calcutta Star publishes a document which purports to be an ac- Count of Sir William Macnaughten's assassination, written by a follower a Mohammed Zeman Khan, one of the Cabal chiefs. Its extremely tnglish st3le is imputed to a fault in the translation; but it gives an apocryphal appearance to the paper. According to the writer, Shah Sujah had made offers to join the insurgents against the British, by whom he was supported. Akhbar Khan had heard reports which made aim doubt whether Sir William was sincere and was not merely parleying to gain time ; and he desired to take him alive : but the re- instance of the alarmed Envoy obliged the Sirdar to kill him.

There had been some commotion in Khytul, one of the " protected " Seikh states, yielding a revenue of about 4,000/. Oodey Singh, who was without issue, died a short time back ; and at his death the territory was to revert to the East India Company. The Ranee, how- ever, determined to seize it for herself; and, collecting a force of about six or eight thousand men, daring the absence of Mr. Clerk, the Poli- tical Agent, they attacked two companies of the Seventy-second Native 'Infantry stationed at Khytul. The Sepoys were overpowered by num- 'berg, and forced to retreat. Mr. Clerk soon procured the aid of five -thousand men, with artillery ; but before they could arrive, the Ranee %ad fled from the fort in which she had posted herself. It is said that she tad direct assistance from the Rajah of Ladwa, another protected state ; from the Nuwab of Kungpur ; and indirect assistance from Shere Singh. The Regent of Jeypore, the mother of the Rajah, who is but nine .years of age, understanding that the British meant to place the lad on

the throne in April, had attempted to seize the government for herself. The Political Agent was absent. When he returned, her heart failed her ; she betrayed her accomplices, and calling out troops, made them fire on her own followers!

BOICHARA.—The Indian papers have some confirmation of the story which we lately quoted from an Irish paper, respecting Colonel Stoddart and Captain Conolly ; though it finds little confidence. The Bombay Times gives the following extract of a letter- ', Lodianah. 23d March 1893.

" The report last month was, that Colonel Stoddart and Captain Conolly had been murdered ; but there is a Jew here who declares that they are still alive, and that he heard from a brother of his at Bokhara, who told Inni that a Greek interpreter and a slave; who had been for months confined in the same well with them, were taken out and executed, and the populace made to be- lieve that they were Colonel Stoddart and Captain Conolly. The man has very good testimonials of character, and has offered, without reward, to convey a chit to them, and bring back an answer in the course of five months."

CHINA.—The news front China is not abundant. Eleepoo's death, which took place on the 4th March, is attributed to poison or suicide. Ke-Ying was spoken of as his successor ; and it was said that the dis- cussions respecting the new arrangements were likely henceforth to be carried on in the North, whither the Plenipotentiary would proceed on the arrival of Major Malcolm, with Queen Victoria's ratification of the treaty.

There was some expectation of renewed disturbances at Canton ; principally, it should seem, because the Emperor's censure of the pre- vious riot had been so very "mild." Sir Henry Pottinger is said to have warned the Chinese authorities, "that should their Government connive at any act tending to a breach of the stipulations contained in the new treaty, he had still the means of effectually blockading Canton and the Grand Canal, and to carry his complaints to the Peiho."

Admiral Parker was going up the river to Foo-cho-foo, in the Plile- gethon steamer, when the vessel ran aground, and he was unable to proceed. He sent a letter to the authorities by Mr. Coverly, the Com- mander of the steamer, with Dr. Playfair. They were received in the most frank and friendly manner. But for water-tight partitions, the damage to the Phlegethon would have made it a wreck. It was to be taken to Calcutta for repairs.

UNITED STATE8.—The Great Western arrived at Liverpool on Thurs. day morning, after a rough passage from New York ; which it left on Thursday the 25th May.

A speech delivered by Mr. Webster is considered as originating a new agitation for commercial treaties. He spoke at a public dinner which was given to him at Baltimore ; and addressed himself exclu- sively to the commercial affairs of the Union.

He laid it down as a principle that the three great interests, agricultural, commercial, and manufacturing, flourish or fade together. After twenty-five years' peace, there is an intense competition among civilized countries in the progress of the arts; and a feeling has grown up in Europe that the interests of nations may be made more than they have been the subject of treaty stipu- lation; that nations should rather do the best for theirown interests, in respect to revenue and "protection," by mutual understanding than by hostile legisla- tion. Thus, England had negotiated treaties with Russia, Portugal, and Brazil; but the chief point of interest was the commercial intercourse between England and the United States. For the benefit of constitutional objectors, Mr. Web- ster explained that duties need not necessarily be altered by treaty, but might be the subject of "arrangement," or mutual understanding between two coun- tries, and concurrent legislation ;:which would admit the House of Representa- tives to a share in the transaction. Such arrangement he thought particularly desirable with England.

"All of us know," he continued, "that the principal interests of the United States are all under a considerable degree of depression. The commercial in- terest is depressed, the manufacturing interest is depressed, and, so far as I am able to perceive, the agricultural interest of both North and South is equally depressed. The opinion has become somewhat current, that with England an arrangement might be made favourable to our great agricultural interest. The agreement must, of course, be founded on an adequate consideration. But as to the objects of the agreement, which it is supposed may be favourable to the United States, I may mention the admission into England for consumption at lower rates of duty, of several of our large agricultural products. It has been supposed, for example, that England may be induced to make important re- ductions in her duties on tobacco • 1 confess I have never been able to see why not. The tobacco-duty in England is a mere matter of revenue; there is no collateral or ulterior object in it. The question, therefore, in the minds of English statesmen, as it seems to me, can only be, whether a reduction of the duty will diminish the aggregate of revenue? We all know that it often increases this aggregate ; and in regard to this article, a reduction of duty of one-half should augment importation one-half: and it is clearly of equal benefit to the English revenue. It is supposed, too, that the duty on rice may undergo a material and beneficial change; and this is an article now as much depressed as any other. There again is this great product of our own in the United States—maize, or, as it is called, Indian corn. I have not heard a suggestion from any quarter that England would be inclined to a modification of her Corn-laws, properly so called, I mean her duties on wheat and flour ; but it has been suggested—I know not with how much plausibility, and 1 beg it may be received as merelya suggestion of my own—I have heard it suggested, that in regard to this article of wholesome and cheap food, England might be in- duced to place upon its importation a low and fixed rate of duty. For what inducement may we hope that this concession may be obtained? Undoubtedly, the only inducement we could hold out to England would be a modification of the tariff of the United States. This proposition may seem unwise, because the tariff is not for revenue only but for protection also; and hot', far both or either of these objects could be firmly maintained under any modification of the tariff, is a question of great delicacy and great difficulty. My experience has not even me clear knowledge of it ; but this I do know, that by making the tariff stable and firm, we shall render it healthful and judicious. If by any great operation that should unite the interests and opinions of all parts of the country we can place the productions of American industry and American labour on a permanent foundation, that is a much more important consideration than the degree to which protection may be extended." He also recommended a commercial treaty with Brazil, the pending negotia- tion between Brazil offering a good opportunity : for the United States taxes Brazilian produce very lightly, while Brasil taxes American produce heavily— at the rate of 30 to 50 per cent ; British manufactures are taxed by Brazil at the rite of 15 per cent, and Brazilian produce by England even so high as the rate of 100 per cent. Moreover, the United States have no colonial interests to protect, as England has. Mr. Webster argued against vague generalities usual in commercial treaties, such as stipulations to admit produce "on the terms of the most favoured na- tion"; which beget many difficulties. He also condemned the principle of "reciprocity treaties." "By every reciprocity treaty, we give to the na- tion with which it is concluded, a right to trade between us and other nations on the same terms as we trade ourselves." The Navigation-law of England exhibits the true principle : " The principle is this—the rule is this—any nation may bring commodities to us in her own vessels and carry our corn to her own ports, we having the like privilege ; but no nation shall bring the products of a third nation, or carry be- tween us and that nation." Absolute free trade would enable the na- tion that could carry cheapest to monopolize the whole carrying-trade, and so to become the master of the world. This he illustrated by the " reciprocity treaty" of 1827 between the United States and Bremen, under which Ameni can vessels trading to the Hanseatic towns fell from 80 to 25, and the number of vessels which entered the United States from the House towns in 1841 was 99 foreign and 4.5 American. The United States ought to have a share in the carrying-trade of the world, as a foundation for a military marine, to maintain their high position among the nations of the earth.

Cassana.—Sir Charles Bagot died at Kingston, on the morning of the 18th May. The Montreal Gazette states that his remains would be removed to New York, there to be embarked on board the Queen's ship the Warspite, lying at that port. Lady Bagot and family would, it was expected, return to England in the same vessel.