*ttertattir

FOR the time, monetary affairs take precedence of political affairs in importance. We have a state of things too much resembling that of last autumn, when the Bank of England was progressively raising its rate of interest, and the monetary disturbances on the Continent both necessitated and explained the course of our own financial administrators. The rise of discount begun last week has been carried a little further this week, in strict accordance with precedent and with policy. Not only do those persons who principally engage in the trade of supplying the Continent with gold derive some of their supplies from the Bank of England by the deposit of Government securities, but a large proportion of speculative proceedings has been initiated or continued in the same rammer with the assistance of the Bank ; and assistance is at once most needed and,mostr legitimately accorded in the direction of ordinary commerce. Speculation is the luxury of commerce, never to be indulged too freely, and to be restrained by a stern temperance in times of difficulty.

The preponderating causes for the course of our Bank will be found in the condition of the Continent, and in the great commercial or monetary movements there. The effort to provide for the demands of the Russian Railways continues ; and although the amount required is not large for such operations, it tells with peculiar effect in the present state of the money-market. The nature of the naanceuvres that are going on is indicated by forced sales on account of the Credit Mobilier, probably intended to provide a part of the instalments on the Russian Railway project. The movement of our Bank has had an effect on the Continent, which proves how overstrained speculative activity had been before that check. The capricious and sudden movement of discount in the North—at Hamburg down to 61 one day and up to 8 another—proves that the speculators in that quarter were acting on the presumption of supplies more or less directly from London. A Paris journal complains that the raising of the discount in the Bank of England has prevented the Bank of France from lowering its discount ; so that if the complaint is true, the establishment which is generally expected to assist us in keeping the proper control over monetary excesses on the Continent, was about to join in stimulating the speculation of the North. The Bank of France has been influenced to afford such a temporary relaxation as would encourage " confidence " and assist in the raising of the wind. La Presse is probably correct in saying that the general trade of France is suffering, not only by the diversion of money towards the North, but by the want of confidence which all these manceuvres have occasioned. If this season in France is commonly one of opening activity, the present year opens with an unusually developed state of improvement in commerce, and the demand for capital is universal and urgent.

There are many distant causes of disturbance, and they are not to be removed in a day. Manufacturing operations in Lancashire are reported to be rather in suspense, in consequence of the doubtful state of the cotton crop ; the manufacturers not being inclined to pay for the report of a scarcity, though they will be ready to give a fair proportion of price for the cotton when it does come. The drain of silver to the East continues, at the same time that the Australian advises report a worse state of the import market than any that has been witnessed since 1854. On the whole, a cloud hangs over the money-market of the world unusual for this opening season ; and the public on Cornhill is inclined to believe, from the look of the commercial sky, that matters'xill not improve at present. We have to observe, however, as we did in the autumn, that the disturbance is principally limited to the money-market strictly so called ; manufactures and trade being sound and vigorous.

The remaining elections have shoWil.: the same progress that we observed last week in the steady gain of the Liberal party at Conservative expense. Middlesex was not recovered even in a single seat : Lord Robert Grosvenor's peccadilloes were forgiven ; and Mr. Osborne is replaced by an independdnt Liberal, who seems made of sturdy stuff, in the person of ML-Hanbury. Mr. Sidney Herbert was not displaced by the young Tory of little mark, Lord Henry Thynne ; and a general satisfaction expressed at that result, on all sides is the sign of a healthy feeling. Mr. Gladstone has consented to descend from the position of the powerful orator in high debate, the accomplished representative of Oxford and graceful essayist on Homer, to accept the office of brawler in a combative election, canvassing for his relative in Flintshire, but without preventing the feturn of the Ministerial candidate. And the last of the English counties, East Sussex, has yielded one seat to the Liberal interest.

In Ireland the advantage has been rather negative. Among the boroughs, a large proportion of unconteated elections shows the want of living political interest. In others, the change is very partial. And in the counties, a combinable* of priests and Tories, with3mrch intimidation in the old style, has failed materially to mocill'y the stereotyped character of the Irisb representation.

Scotland also presents less change than England ; but in the important county of Lanarkshire, the two dominant families have been defeated in spite of their combination ; and tho wish of the Italians has been fulfilled by the rejection of Mr. Baillie Cochrane.

The successive changes in the very authentic-seeming reports of the Ministerial plans with regard to the Speakership imply difficulty in finding the right man for the important place. While Mr. Walpole or Sir Frederick Thesiger has been steadily kept in view as the probable candidate on the Conservative side, —with a decided preference for Sir Frederiok,—the announcements on the other side have undergone many changes. At first two were named—Mr. Fitzroy and Mr. Stuart Wortley ; and there was a formal announcement intended to imply that Mr. Fitzroy had not been definitively set aside. Yet he was, in deference to a general feeling that he had not yet the position, and might never acquire the temper for the post. A recent candidate, announced with much begging of the question in his favour, was Mr. Baines, the Member for Leeds : but while the public asked if he had the standing in the House, or the presence needed to sustain the supreme authority in the stormy conclave, his patrons discovered, rather late in the day, that it might be difficult to "catch the Speaker's eye" if he were a man so shortsighted as Mr. Baines. _ None of the Ministerial candidates could vie in attractiveness of demeanour with Mr. Walpole, or in the obvious qualifications of technical knowledge, power, and dignity, with Sir Frederick Thesiger ; and since it was understood that Ministers would make a fight of the appointment, it seemed as if they would have to brave public opinion as well as the Opposition. At last, however, the Leading Journal is permitted to announce that the chosen man is Mr. Evelyn Denison,—a gentleman possessing all the natural qualifications, a county Member, a fit representative of the Commons of England, and enjoying a position in the House which would probably deter objection from any side. It has not been stated that he possesses the technical attainments to be the successor of Mr. Shaw Lefevre ; but, important as that part of the qualification is, it is secondary to the physical, intellectual, and moral qualifications; and while Mr. Denison will no doubt be able to master an adequate knowledge of the Speaker's business, he will have at hand the best aid. The point, indeed, demands grave consideration; but undoubtedly Mr. Denison is the best candidate yet named on the Ministerial side.

The most important events on the Continent have already been noticed in the account of the monetary commotion ; but the Government of the Emperor Napoleon is getting up a special commotion of a peculiar kind. An inquiry into the illegal assumption of titles of nobility is avowedly a preface to steps for enforcing the penal laws against persons who thus offend. The whole matter is in the greatest confusion, and it is possible that attempts to introduce order may make bad worse. Titles have been granted by successive Governments, Royal and

perial; they have been cancelled, restored, and modified ; and many titles are held by ancient usage and peculiar tenure. Now it is probable, that among the titles which may be considered illegitimate, there are some that are good. Legal proceedings, therefore, might involve the Government in rather embarrassing consequences. The announcement has already created a good deal of disagreeable feeling, partly because it is considered an excessive course on the part of the parvenu Emperor to restore the gewgaws of an aristocratic regime, and partly because many of the most active persons in France, who have hitherto supported the Government, will probably be found among the illegitimate nobles who are to be exposed. It is considered one of Napoleon's mistakes.

Explanations have been hinted on the part of Austria to modify the effect of recalling Count Paar from Turin. One suggestion is, that the Austrian threats are really intended, not for Piedmont, still less for Paris or London, but for Venice and Milan and the rest of Italy, as hints to overawe any rebellious spirits that may be counting upon Piedmontese support. Another is, that the Emperor of the French might mediate and settle all difficulties. But the Sardinian Government has persevered in treating Austria according to her own bearing, having neither the desire to attack nor the fear of attack. The position of the two states in Europe must be altered before their relative attitude can be anything but that of armed observation.

Count Yilain XII1I, the Foreign Minister of Belgium, has thought it necessary to make a public protest, in the Chamber of Representatives, against the proceedings of his countrymen at Tourney. The adherents of an association of manufacturers, got up to counteract the formidably successful association for promoting free-trade in Belgium, had enlisted a mob to play certain masquerading frolics ridiculing our countrymen under the personification of one "Lord Mangefort " ; and the mob raised the cry of "A l'eau les Anglais " ; a sentiment which Count Vilain XIIII disclaims, not only in an official sense but for the whole country of Belgium. The explanation is a courtesy agreeable to English feeling in itself, but not demanded by the occasion ; for the little hubbub at Tourney is as well understood in this country as if it had, been an uproarious effusion of mob wit at Braintree in 1846.

Fiaxxsuntr.. The contest for Flintshire has been enlivened by the presence of Mr. Gladstone. There were two candidates—the Honourable Edward Mostyn, and Sir Stephen Glynne. At the nomination, on Bator. day, both the candidates professed Liberal opinions, Mr. Mostyu being the more atvanced, and both said they should give an independent sui port to Lord Palmerston. The peculiarity of the nomination was that Mr. Gladstone made a long and bitter attack both on the Government and the Opposition candidate. He was ninchinterrupted, and a hearing was only obtained through the interposition of Mr. Salisbury M.P., who addressed the electors in their own tongue. Mr. Gladstone's principal efforts were directed against the financial policy of the Government

Mr. Mostyn had supported a budget which increased the expenditure by 6,000,000/. [A Voice—" Why did not you bring out another I "] "Put

me in the place and I will." (Great laughter and cheers.) Mr. Mostyn was for the repeal of the Income-tax; but if it were repealed, how was he going to provide for the 6,000,0001. of new expenditure ? That was the way in which it was attempted to gull and delude the electors. 'They were told of

Liberalism and of' Reform, and under those names their pockets were picked to the tune of 6,000,000/. As Mr. Mostyn was a member of the Liberal party and a supporter of a Liberal Government, he ought undoubtedly

to have a motto to write upon his banner ; and he might take his choice of several,—one, "War without the sanction of Parliament " ; another, "Six millions of new expenditure " ; another, "Perpetual Income-tax to pay the six millions of increased expenditure " ; another, "Deer tea and sugar." (Violent commotion.) Mr. Mostyn had said that he was an independent man, and never voted for Lord Palmerston except when he agreed with him.

Perhaps so ; but then Mr. Mostyn always agreed with Lord Palmerston,

and that was the kind of independence he professed. If they wanted a good, fair Government, a Government for the benefit of all classes that would

support the Church, reduce the expenditure extinguish the Income-tax, and keep taxation down generally, it was time they should have done with that sort of independence which always agreed with one particular side.

The show of hands was given in favour of Sir -Stephen Glynne. At the poll on Tuesday, the electors gave a different verdict. The numbers were Mostyn 1148; Glynne 867.

HUNTING DONSIIDLE . Here the election has resulted in a "dead heat" between the second and third candidates—Mr. Heatheote, Liberal, and Mr. Fellowes, Conservative. When the poll closed, Mr. Heathcote's committee gave him a majority of 11 over his opponent. Both committees rigidly searched their books, and each arrived at the conclusion that its candidate was elected by one. Then came the Sheriff, and he gave out the following numbers—Rust, 1192; Heatheote, 1106; Fellowes, 1106. The journals do not state whether Mr. Rust was declared duly elected or not.

Kr.xr, WEST. The election has terminated in the return of two Liberals. As in the case of East Sussex, an election during the winter had enabled the Liberals to test their strength. The result was the return of Mr. Wykeham Martin by a large minority. When Parliament was dissolved they started two candidates, Mr. Martin and Mr. Whatman. The Conservatives only fought for one seat, and that one they lost. Their candidate was the late Member, Mr. Masters Smith, who had the disadvantage of being unpopular. The declared numbers were—Martin, 3896; Whatman, 3578; Smith, 3171.

LINCOLNSHIRE, SOUTH. The Liberal party having determined to contest South Lincolnshire, put forward Mr. George Hussey Packe. His opponents were Sir John Trollope and Mr. Anthony Willson, Ac candidate selected by the Conservatives to fill the seat vacated by Lord Burghley. Mr. Packe raade a good fight for the second place which he held for some time, but at the termination of the poll he was third. The official declaration was—Trollope, 4020; Willson, 3636; Packe, 3188.

MANCHESTER. Mr. John Bright has issued the following farewell address to the electors of Menthes tor.

" Gentlemen—I have received a telegraphic dispatch, informing me of the result of the election contest in which you have just been engaged. That result has not greatly surprised me, and so far as I am personally concerned—inasmuch as it liberates me from public life in a manner which involves on my part no shrinking from my duty—I cannot seriously regret it. I lament it on public grounds, because it tells the world that many amongst you have abandoned the opinions you professed to hold in the year 1847, and even so recently as in the year 1852. I believe that slander itself has not dared to charge me with having forsaken any of the principles, on the honest support of which I offered myself twice, and was twice accepted, as your representative. The charge against me has rather been that I have too warmly and too faithfully defended the political views which found so much favour with you at the two previous elections. "If the change in your opinion of me has arisen from my course on the question of the war with Russia, I can only .say, that, on a calm review of iii the circumstances of the case—and during the past twelve months I have had ample time for such a review—I would not unsay or retract any one of the speeches I have spoken, or erase from the records of Parliament any. one of the votes I have given upon it, if I could thereby. reverse the decision to which you have come, or secure any other distinction which it is in the power of my. countrymen to confer. I am free, and will remain free from any share m the needless and guilty bloodshed of that melanchef chapter in the annals of my country. I cannot, however, forget that the leaders of the opposition in the recent contest have not been influenced by my conduct on this question. They were less successful, but not less bitter in their hostility in 1852, and even in 1847, when my only public merit or demerit consisted in my labours in the cause of free trade. On each occasion calling themselves Liberals, and calling their candidates Liberals also, they have coalesced with the Conservatives, whilst now, doubtless, they have assailed Mr. Gibson and myself on the ground of a pretended coalition with the Conservatives in the Rouse of Commons !

"I have esteemed it a high honour to be one of your representatives, and have given more of mental and physical labour to your service than was just to myself; I feel it scarcely less an honour to suffer in the cause of peace, and on behalf of what I believe to be the true interests of my country—though I could have wished that the blow had come from other hands, at a tune when I could have been present to meet face to face those who dealt it.

"In taking ray leave of you, and of public life let me assure you that r can never forget the many—the innumerable—kindnesses I have received from my friends amongst you. No one will rejoice more than I shall in all that brings you prosperity and honour' and I am not without a hope that, when a calmer hour shall come, you will say of Mr. Gibson and of me, that, as colleagues in your representation for ten years, we have not sacrificed our principles to gain popularity, or bartered our independence for the emoluments of office, or the favours of the great. I feel that we have stood for rights, hts, and interests, and freedom of the people, and that we have not tarnished the honour or lessened the renown of your eminent city. "I am now, as I have hitherto been, very faithfully yours, "Florence, March 31, 1857. JOHN BRIGHT."

MIDDLESEX. This election affords a curious instance of the mistakes of parties. The Conservatives have for some time boasted of the accessions to their ranks in the Metropolitan county; yet Lord Chelsea has met with a most signal defeat. He started third, and came in third. At Bedfont only did he poll more than his rivals, who in many places were neck and neck, and even at Bedfont he only exceeded them by a score. Mr. Hanbury headed the poll in all t4e other districts except Hampstead, Uxbridge, and Westminster, where Lord Robert Grosvenor was slightly in advance. The official declaration was made at Brentford on Wednesday—Hanbury, 5426; Grosvenor, 5327; Chelsea, 2928. Sussex, EAST. It may be recollected that just before the dissolution Lord Pevensey succeeded in defeating Mr. Dodson in East Sussex, by a few votes. Encouraged by this result, the Liberals started two Candidates at the late election—Mr. Dodson, and the Honourable A. H. F. Cavendish; the Conservative candidates were Lord Pevensey and Mr. Fuller the old Member. The result shows how nicely parties were balanced. The numbers as officially declared are—Dodson, 2527; Pevensey, 2444; Cavendish, 2287; Fuller, 2214. Mr. Dodson and Lord Pevensey, lately rivals, are nove colleagues.

WILTS, Souris. Mr. Sidney Herbert and Mr. Wyndham have been returned by good majorities. The battle seems to have been resolutely fought ; it was to some extent regarded as a struggle between the "houses" of Bath and Pembroke. The official declaration was made at Salisbury on Monday—Herbert, 1517; Wyndham, 1445; Thynne, 1269. Mr. Herbert crossed the hustings and cordially shook hands with Lord Henry ; a graceful act of courtesy that pleased the multitude. In the course of his speech Mr. Herbert made some remarks on the new Parliament.

"Gentlemen, I am going to the new Parliament as your representative. There will be great changes in it. Many old Members have been thrown out, many new men have come in, and it will be a difficult task for any Government to bring so miscellaneous a body at once into order. But I trust that the Government, by a clear and firm attitude, will have that influence upon the Parliament which an earnest Minister or an earnest Government always has ; while, on the other hand, I hope that we the Parliament, will devote ourselves assiduously to our business, and will be deterred by no per sonal feelings from doing our duty to those who send us there. (Cries of "Bravo .1") There is at the present moment what I may almost venture to call an unanimity of opinion among public men upon many of the chief topics of the day ; but that does not add to the facility of carrying on business in Parliament, inasmuch as it has made politics in many cases a matter of persons rather than of principles. But, gentlemen, you may depend upon it that I shall do the utmost to steer clear of any influences or opinions other than those which I think may tend to the advancement of the public good."

Lord Henry Thynne attributed his defeat to the application of "the screw," and to "the neutrality" of some who, he hoped, would support him on another occasion.

SCOTLAND.

INVERNESS. The Inverness Courier reports a very original electionspeech delivered by Mr. Campbell of Monzie to the people of Inverness in the interval between the nomination and the polling. The Mr. Matheson referred to is the successful candidate.

"Lathes and Gentlemen—I say ladies and gentlemen,' for I will never see a woman before me and put a man first—I have had such a wonderful adherence on the female side in Inverness, that I cannot find any place to hold them all : I mean in the streets, for my heart can hold every woman who gives her heart to me. When I say that, every honest woman here will understand what I mean. As for myself, I have already been given the brightest honour a man can have—a crown of glory—my own dear wife ! It is because I came here not representing myself alone in my own person, that I can plead my cause into the heart of every: man and every woman who feels and sympathizes in the dearest social relations of life Many men, I believe, would launch forth into self-glory and foolish expressions of worldly pride and goodness. That is not the feeling with me—that is not the feeling in my heart, and God knows it. The feeling in my heart is intense humility, and a sense of my own unworthiness altogether for the kindnew you are showing me at this moment. Mr. Matheson said, that, having watched the Maynooth question for a week, he paired against the grant, and went home—he went to bed. (Laughter.) Would a public like you, loving Protestantism—would you have gone to bed ? Not one of you. The proof of it is that you are standing there in the rain all this time. You would have sat up all night for a fortnight to protest against the endowment of Popery. Such a thing as that to be said on the hustings! Why, I could have taken that man and shaken him as a dog would in ray mouth—I could have roasted that man alive if I had liked. (Cheers and uproar.) And with you, electors of Inverness, my cause stands or falls. If you do not choose sue, be it so : but I am sure it will be otherwise. I never was more afraid before when asking anything, except when asking my wife. I left Parliament because the people whom I represented were not so far in advance in their opinions as I was myself. I was secluded from public life for thirteen years or more. I don't want place or power, but I do want to serve my fellow countrymen according to the power that God has given me ; but because I found myself so far in advance of them all they said, Much reading and much learning hath made this man mad.' Every man of antiquated notions said, The man is mad !

LANARKSHIRE. The greatest contest in Scotland was for the county of Lanark. Mr. Heinle Cochrane was opposed by Sir Edward Colebrooke. The avowed object of the Liberals was to defeat the combined influence of the Hamilton and Douglas families, which are held to have given the county a Member for the last twenty years. Immense exertions were made on both sides, and party-spirit raged throughout the contest. The Liberal ran in first, by the small majority of 36—Colebrooke, 1233; Cochrane, 1197.

Wien. Bertens. The nomination for the Wick Burghs took place on Monday. Mr. Laing, finding two candidates in the field, Lord John Hay and Mr. A. N. Shaw, retired soon after the dissolution of Parliament. Before he gave way, however, Mr. Shaw withdrew in favour of Lord John Hay, on the understanding that if Mr. Laing retired Lord John should give way in his favour. When Mr. Laing withdrew, Mr. Shaw claimed from Lord John the fulfilment of his promise ; but Lord John replied by stating, that Mr. Shaw had, after the understanding above mentioned, unconditionally withdrawn from the field. Mr. Shaw had written " Dear Lord John—I hope you have received my letter of Wednesday last, explaining my views. I now have made up my mind to quit the field ; and shall be happy, as a supporter of Lord Palmerston's Government, to give you my full support, and will by this day's post write to some friends of mine at Dingwall, Tarn, and Cromarty to that effect ; and you are at hberty to inake any use of this note. Wishing you every suecese, I am, in great nage, yours truly, A. N. &law." At the nomination, this dispute 'made a large figure in the speeches. Both the candidates are Liberal: but Mr. Shaw is an advocate of a

forty-shilling franchise, vote by ballot, and the abolition of the Maynooth grant. Lord John takes the opposite side on each of these questions. The show of hands was in favour of Mr. Shaw.

IRELA.ND.

Canmew BOROUGH. Mr. John Alexander, the Tory candidate, carried this borough by 48 votes. The numbers wore—Alexander, 127; Ponsonby, 79. In addressing the electors after the election, Mr. Alexander said that he never had voted and never would vote against the Marnooth great: "it now appears to be a prescriptive right," Captain Ponsonby referred to the causes that led to his defeat " There are something like twenty gentlemen who solemnly pledged themselves to give me their support, and they have deliberately broken their word and voted against me. I leave it to those gentlemen to settle this matter with their own conscience. I had letters and offers from several persons promising to vote for me if they were bribed. (" Oh, oh !" and great sensation.) One gentleman offered to vote for me if I would buy a picture from him. I am determined to make those letters public. It may be unpleasant to those parties to do so, but I wish it to be understood that it is not against the constituency I speak, but against certain people of this town who broke their word," DROGHEDA. Mr. Brodigan, the unsuccessful candidate, retired from the poll at mid-day. Ho gave notice of the fact to tho Sheriff, and alleged as a reason "the gross intimidation and violence of mobs hired and organized by Mr. M'Cann's supporters." He also notified, that ho should "take immediate measures to set aside Mr. M'Cann's return, owing to such gross and other manifestly illegal nets."

Lerrinta COUNTY. The Leitrim election has been delayed in consequence of the peculiar position of the Sheriff, Major Ormosby Gore. He desired to be a candidate, but did not resign his office until after he had received the writ. He then applied for permission to resign, but could not obtain it ; he was held bound to make a return. It is said that at first he declared there should be no election ; but if so, he has relented, as will appear from the following letter to the electors of the county " It is with feelings of deep mortification and disappointment that I now address you, to announce the impossibility of my continuing a candidate for your representation, notwithstanding the applications made by you to the Executive Government, and vigorously urged by me, requesting that I. might be relieved of the office of High Sheriff, and thus placed in a position to enable you to exercise your undoubted privilege of electing whom you pleased. That Government has persisted in its illiberal and despotic course, and denied to our county that which has been granted to others. However arbitrary the rule upon which it professes to have acted may be considered, and which I believe to have been now established /or the first time, I am legally bound to submit to it."

1Vexroun COUNTY, The Liberals have carried one seat. There wore three candidates—Mr. M'Mahon and Mr. George, the late Members ; and Mr. Hatehell. At the close of the poll, the numbers were—M`Mahon, 4300; Hatchell, 2875; George, 2525.

Lisuensr. This borough was the scene of disgraceful outrages during the election. The mob, zealous for the return of their idol Mr. Richardson, fell upon the voters who were known as the supporters of Colonel Hogg, and began to break their windows. Dean Stannus and his son, although escorted by cavalry, were driven into an hotel. The Riot Act was road, but the commanding-officer of the military refused to order his men to fire. Meanwhile, several houses were entered by force, and the contents destroyed. It was not until the poll had closed in favour of Richardson that a body of infantry arrived from Belfast and restored order.

LONDONDERRY COUNTY. Tho Tenant-right men of the North have elected one representative, and the Tories the other. The numbers were—Clarke, Derbyite, 2403; Greer, Tenant-right man, 2338; Bruce, 1676, MAYO COUNTY. The character of the strife in Mayo has not altered for one moment. From the beginning, the supporters of Mr. G. H. Moore and Mr. Roger Palmer coalesced. The Tory landlords and Dr. MIlale agreed to unite their exertions and their votes. The priests carried those of the peasantry who were not under secular intimidation. Mr. Moore did not hesitate, however, to describe his foes as "the confederated dishonesty of the county,"—a statement branded at a public meeting as "false and calumnious." Indeed, it is well known that the Roman Catholic gentry of the county were supporters of Colonel Higgins. The league of Orange and Green triumphed. In the early part of the polling, Higgins stood first, Palmer second, and it seemed probable that Moore would be out. But on the second day, Moore won the second place, and Palmer headed the poll. The numbers were—Palmer,. 1144; Moore, 1061; Higgins, 1035.

QUEEN'S COUNTY. There were three candidates—Sir Charles Coote, Conservative ; Mr. Michael Dunne, Moderate Young-Irelander ; and Mr. Fitzpatrick, a resident proprietor of Liberal opinions. The two tint coalesced and carried the election. The numbers were—Coote, 2091; Dunne, 1686; Fitzpatrick, 1186.

SLIGO COUNTY. The election for the county. of Sligo is remarkable for the utter defeat of the late Member Mr. Swift, and of Mr. John Hall. Sir Robert Gore Booth and Mr. Cooper, Conservatives, have carried the county. The numbers at the close of the poll were—Booth, 1780 ; Cooper, 1753; Ball, 368; Swift, 6.

TIPPERARY COUNTY. In this county the Mayo game is played over again. The contest is for the second seat, the O'Donogline being secure. There are two other candidates—Major Massy and Mr. Waldron. The object of the Tories is to defeat Mr. Waldron, a moderate Roman Catholic Liberal, who refuses to bow to Mr. Moore and his clique of "independents." Dr. Burke, the parish-priest of Clonmel, has addressed the electors : he is vehemently adverse to Mr. Moore and his friends, and denounces the coalition with the Derbyites. There hes been a good deal of very savage rioting in Tipperary town, directed against Mr. Waldron and his friends. Blood has been shed, and much property destroyed already. The nomination is fixed for the 14th.

Cr taut.

THE QUEEN has been abroad in her carriage every day this week, accompanied by Prince Albert. She has also entertained a few conspicuous persons at dinner; among them, Earl Spencer, Lord Panmure, the Prince of Leiningen, Mr. Labouchere, Captain Denman, the Marquis of Breadalbane, and Lord Palmerston,

Feruk Khan had an interview with Prince Albert, at Buckingham Palace, on Tuesday.

The customary Royal bounties and alms were distributed at the close of the last and the beginning of this week. The ancient charities of Maundy Thursday were distributed on that day in Whitehall Chapel, with the 'usual ceremonies, by the Lord High Almoner and his assistants. As her Majesty is now in her thirty-eighth year, the alms were given to thirty-eight men and thirty-eight women. These alms consist of clothing and money in purses.

'ir31Ir1rnpnti5.

The City Sewers Commission held a Court on Tuesday. Dr. Letheby, the Officer of Health, read a report on the sanitary condition of the City. From this report it appears that the mortality of the City has increased from 25.9 to 26.2 per thousand, and that the deaths in the East London Union have been at the rate of 31.4 per thousand. One portion of this document, relating to house-inspection, astonished the Commissioners.

" Out of 1023 houses that have been generally inspected during the quarter, 474 have been especially examined as to the number of occupants, the condition and cubic capacity of the rooms, the number of beds in each room, and the price paid for the weekly rental of it. In this way 2208 rooms have been most circumstantially inspected ; and the general result is, that nearly all of them are filthy, or overcrowded, or imperfectly drained, or badly ventilated, or out of repair. In 1989 of these rooms—all, in fact, that are at present inhabited—there are 5791 inmates, belonging to 1576 families ; and, to say nothing of the too frequent occurrence of what may be regarded as a necessitous overcrowding, where the husband, the wife, and young family of four or five children are cramped into a miserablysmall and ill-conditioned room, there are numerous instances where adults of both sexes belonging to different families are lodged in the same room, regardless of all the commoner decencies of life—where from three to five adults, men and women, besides a train or two of children, are accustomed to herd together like brute beasts or savages, where all the offices of nature are performed in the most public and offensive manner, and where every human instinct of propriety and decency is smothered. Like my predecessor, I have seen grown persons of both sexes sleeping in common with their parents—brothers and sisters and cousins, and even the casual acquaintance of a day's tramp—occupying the same bed of filthy rags or straw—a woman suffering in travail in the midst of males and females of different families that tenant the same room, where birth and death go hand in hand—where the child but newly-born, the patient cast down with fever, and the corpse waiting for interment, have no separation from each other, or from the rest of the inmates. Such instances as these, and, I might add, others of even more extreme debasement, are not uncommon within the walls of this city ; and though they call loudly for interference, yet I hardly know how the

powers of this Commission can be best exercised in suppressing them In the ward of Bishopsgate, a little above Houndsditch, there is a narrow passage called Rose Alley, which leads from the main thoroughfare into New Street. This alley contains a row of twelve houses which are in a shockingly dirty and ruinous condition. Each house contains from six to seven rooms, which are inhabited by the very poorest of the poor Irish. In all there are scveuty-seven rooms; and of these there arc seventy-six tenauted by sixty-three families of 252 persons. Eight of the rooms are occupied by ten men, seventeen women, and twelve children. In one room there are two men, three women, and 'five children; and in another, one man, four women, and two children ;' and when about a fortnight since I visited the backroom on the ground-floor of No. 6, I found it occupied by one man, two women, and two children ; and in it was the dead body of a poor girl who had died in childbirth a few days before. The body was stretched out on the bare floor without shroud or coffin. There it lay in the midst of the living; and we may well ask, how it can be otherwise than that the human heart should be deadened to all the gentler feelings of our nature when such sights as these are of common occurrence ? These rooms are let at from ls. 3d. to ls. 9d. per week ; and they are wretchedly dirty and miserably furnished—in fact, they are infested with that peculiarly fusty and sickening smell which is characteristic of the filthy haunts of poverty.. There also lurk the germs of disease which wait only for one last condition to bring them into frightful activity."

Dr. Letheby recommended the Commission to counteract this disgraceful state of things by enforcing the registration of such places as common lodging-houses, which would give the officers of the Court control over the number and condition of the inmates. The report was referred to the General Purposes Committee, to take such steps as may be necessary with regard to it.

The Bishop of London attended a meeting of the friends of the Northwest London Reformatory on Tuesday, and delivered a farewell exhortation to ten young men who are about to leave the institution as emigrants. The Bishop's address was regarded with deep attention. This institution is young, but it appears to have been useful. It was established for the prevention of crime and reformation of criminals, in the year 1852, and commenced with only six inmates. At present there are eighty-two persons in the institution ; of whom seventeen are about to emigrate, and one is training as an industrial assistant for a reformatory. Of ninety-six persons who have left it since the opening, ten have emigrated, thirty-two have been established in trade, twenty have enlisted in the Army or Navy, nine have been received by their friends, fifteen have quitted the institution prematurely from dislike of the discipline, two have been dismissed for misconduct, five are in service, one is labour-master at another reformatory, and two are dead.

The first anniversary of the Musical, Dramatic, and Equestrian Sick Fund Association, was celebrated on Thursday, by a dinner at Willis's Rooms ; Mr. Tom Taylor in the chair. Mr. Taylor stated that it is intended the society should be an independent agent between managers and actors wishing for engagements. The sphere of its more benevolent operations includes not only actors, whether musical, dramatic, or otherwise, but scene-painters, costumiers, and even scene-shifters are in their necessities considered among the qualified recipients of its aid. Even the "mouldy grabs," as the equestrian performers are often nicknamed, are entitled to call from their "native sawdust" upon the help of this association. The society possesses a fund of 6401.; the sum subscribed at the dinner was 1001.

The forty-third anniversary of the Artists' General Benevolent Institution was celebrated on Saturday by a dinner at the Freemasons' Tavern; Lord Dufferin in the chair. It appeared from the report, that since the establishment of the society in 1814, 1620 donations Thave been granted in sums amounting in the aggregate to 18,9661. During the past twelve month, 1019/. was distributed in relief to seventy-three applicants, in sums varying from Mk to Si. The income for the past year from all sources amounted to 19021.; the expenditure for the same period, including the sums given in relief, was 11971.; leaving 7051. as a balance in the hands of the bankers. The amount collected at the dinner on Saturday was 650/.

The annual dinner in aid of the Royal General Theatrical Fund was on Monday also, at the Freemasons' Tavern; Mr. Phelps in the chair. The sum subscribed after dinner was 5001.

In the Bankruptcy Court, on Wednesday, the Honourable John Stapleton, the new Member for Berwick, was examined in regard to his connexion with the Royal British Bank. His evidence did not throw much new light on the management of that extraordinary concern. In July 1855 he was induced to become a director—of course he was not informed of the critical state of affairs. By degrees he found it out partially. He required changes to be made, and assisted in dismissing Cameron from the office of manager. Like Esdaile, he acquiesced in the issuing of reports which told anything but the truth regarding the real position of the bank. Mr. Stapleton was questioned on many details with which the public are already familiar. On the 5th February 1856, Mr. Stapleton was promoted to be Deputy-Governor. An attempt was made to get Mr. Deputy Daldn into the direction : " all " Mr. Stapleton told him was, that "the bank had incurred some losses and considerable lock-ups, but that it would recover." Though Mr. Dakin attended one or two meetings of the board, he ultimately escaped from the peril which threatened him—he is not responsible. In July last Mr. Stapleton urged that no dividend should be paid ; that a call should be made on the shareholders, and an amalgamation effected with the London and Paris Bank. Witness had suffered much by his connexion with the bank—he has property, and he must contribute. Mr. Craufurd, the manager who succeeded Cameron, was also examined. He is a young man. He made out the accounts in June last : there RAS no real audit of them—there never had been.

At the Central Criminal Court, on Tuesday, two men were tried for stealing "hide pieces" and Messrs. Besington and Procter, tanners and gluemakers, Bermondsey, for receiving them. It appeared that the stolen goods had been bought on their behalf but without their knowledge by a servant of Bevington and Procter. They are tradesmen of high character. The Jury acquitted them, but remarked that they should be snore careful in making purchases. The thieves were found guilty, and sentenced to imprisonment for different terms.

On Wednesday, two Post-office letter-carriers were convicted of stealing letters, and a third of not delivering letters. The sentences on the thieves were penal servitude for four years ; on the other man, imprisonment for eighteen months.

Sarah Price, the wretched creature who threw her child into the water in the Regent's Park and subsequently attempted to destroy herself, was acquitted of the murder of the child on the ground of insanity.

On Thursday, Webb, a butcher, wile fell upon Mr. Buckler, a fellow passenger in a railway-carriage on the North London Railway, and seriously wounded him with a knife, apparently intending to rob him, was convicted, and sentenced to be transported for life.

Lieutenant Ernest Augustim Lloyd, Of the Royal'Artillery, has been remanded by the Marlborough Street Magistrate on charges of obtaining large quantities of goods keret various tradesmen by means of checks on Cox and Co., when he had no funds in their hands. He says he expected to have had money paid into his account to meet these cheeks, but had been disappointed.

The annual struggle between the boating men of the Universities of Oxford and Cambrid,,ec came off on Saturday. The course was between Putney and Mortlake. The Oxonians beat them opponents by ten lengths—a very decided victory.

Vreniurial.

At a dinner given on Wednesday by the Mayor of Doncaster to Mr. Robert Hall, the new Member for Leeds and Recorder of Doncaster, Mr. Beckett Denison made a speech of some interest in reply to a personal toast.

He had now, he said, been elected for the West Riding for the fourth and he believed the last time. (" No, no P') He said for the last time because i

he felt that the first place he had arrived at the eleventh hour of his life ; and, in the next, because he believed that before another general election the West Riding would be out up into smaller divisions under a new Reform Bill. Ile would not offer any objection to such a measure as that; for he confessed that a constituency numbering some 37,000 voters was too large for any two Members to do justice to. He admitted that the time has arrived for introducing some measure of Parliamentary reform ,• and he should certainly vote for the second reading of such a measure, unless—which he did not expect—it should go too far. In that measure of reform Doncaster would in all probability be included as one of the new boroughs authorized to send a Member, if not two Members, to Parliament; for he found on looking over the statistics of population, that Doncaster, Rotherham, and Keighley were in point of numbers the three largest unrepresented towns. Mr. Hall also said he should vote for a bill brought in by Lord John Russell or Lord Palmerston. He believed that "the time has arrived" for revising the representation of the country.

The supporters of the Birmingham Juvenile Reformatory at Upper Staley held their annual meeting, in the Birmingham Town-Hall, on Wednesday ; Lord Shaftesbury in the chair. Mr. Adderley, Mr. Newdegate, and Mr. Bracebridge, were present. From the report it appeared that good accounts have been received from the boys who had emigrated to Natal ; and altogether the influence of the reformatory treatment to which the inmates were subjected had been productive of the best results. A number of the boys had been allowed to visit their homes, and with one exception had returned within the stipulated time. There was accommodation and employment for fifty boys in the institution ; an arrangement by which an increase of twenty boys, committed by Staffordshire Magistrates, will be received into the Reformatory ; the cost of each pupil for education, knowledge of trades, board and lodging, clothing, &c., being at the rate of 101d. The financial statement showed that the expenditure in 1855 was 1230L 6.1. 84., exceeding the income by 2091. lls. ; while in 1856 the income amounted to 1511/. us. lid., leaving an available surplus of 111. 78. 104.

Lord Shaftesbury addressed the meeting from the chair, on the grea benefits of industrial training for the criminal classes, and intimated that the boys in our public schools would be all the better for such teaching.

Not long ago, a boy who had been sent out to one of our colonies sent a remittance for the Ragged School of 20/., together with the intimation that he was Postmaster-General of a certain place, at a salary of 300/. per year. There is another matter of vital importance for the success of these institutions. The responsibility of parents must be established. In nine cases out of ten, the parents originate habits of crime in the children. When a parent makes a child of tender years provide for himself—instead of giving him education, sends him out into the streets to beg—and instead of teaching him the truth teaches him to lie and pilfer—that parent, in the sight of God and man, has abdicated his legitimate functions ; and it is time for the State to step in and in the most stringent manner snake the parent responsible for the child until he attain an age to think, judge, and act for himself. Parents say they cannot afford to pay a weekly sum for their criminal children, when they can well afford to do so ; and when they _,profess they cannot pay, they should be told, "If you cannot be responsible with your purse, you shall be responsible with your person, and to prison you shall go." With a stringent law like that carried out in some thirty or forty cases, depend upon it, the very pimuts who now send their children to beg and steal would be found anxious to obtain admittance for their little ones into Ragged or National Schools.

Some two hundred hands of Mr. Hollins, a cotton-spinner of Preston, have " struck " to resist a reduction of wages ; Mr. Hollins says he has been paying more than other manufacturers; the workpeoplo deny this.

A branch line of the North-Eastern Railway, from Leamside to Bishod Auckland, was opened last week. It passes through the city of Durham ; it is fifteen miles long, and has cost 450,000/. There is a great mineral traffic.

An interesting trial took place at the GloUcester Assizes on Saturday. A French priest, the Abbe Roux, sued Cardinal Wiseman to recover a document intrusted to him by the plaintiff. This document purported to be the acknowledgment of a debt of 25,000 francs lent by Roux to Madame Wyse, the wife of the British Minister at Athens, and a first cousin of the Emperor of the French. Roux's statement was, that in 1845 he found Madame Wyse living "in great poverty"; her allowance was 2001. a year. Moved thereto by a recollection of the kindness of Cardinal Pesch, Madame Wyse's uncle, to himself, the Abbe lent her, in various sums at different periods, 25,000 francs. Finding in 1847, that she had reverted to her former habits of extravagance, Roux closed his account, and obtained from Madame Wyse an acknowledgment of the debt. In this document, a copy of which was produced, Madame Wyse conjured her children to regard the debt as sacred. Roux came to England, and lodged the paper with Cardinal Wiseman, in order that he might obtain payment from 11r. Wyse. But that gentleman would have nothing to do with his wife's debts. When in 1854 Roux found that the present Emperor was paying the debts of his family, he applied to the Cardinal for the acknowledgment ; but could not obtain it. The Abbe's story was corroborated in many respects by witnesses. Cardinal Wiseman was examined. He admitted that he had seen the document ; he recollected its contents; but he denied that it was "left" that is "deposited" with him. Other persons had also seen it. Mr. Helder, solicitor to Mr. Wyse, saw it with Mr. Wyse in December 1847. A deposition made by Letitia Wyse was put in. In this she deposed, that she had repaid to the Abbe all the sums he had advanced, and had signed the acknowledgment in order that Roux might show it to the Archbishop of Paris, to satisfy sonic suspicions respecting the relations subsisting between Roux and the lady. In summing up, Mr. Justice Crowder cast discredit on the deposition of Madame Wyse. The Jury would have to say whether Cardinal Wiseman had detained the document. and if so, what damages the plaintiff was entitled to. Verdict for the plaintiff; damages 500/. An order was granted on application to stay execution for a fortnight, in order that the defendant might write to Mr. Wyse and see if the document 'could be procured.

At Liverpool Assizes, a Jury have given a verdict for 650/. as compensation for the loss of a foot by a child eight years old, who, while travelling on the North-Western Railway, fell from a carriage by the door, which suddenly flew open : the claim was founded on the allegation that the people at the preceding station did not properly fasten the door.

At the Taunton Assizes, Thomas Nation has been convicted of the murder of John Aplin, at Wiveliscombe. Nation and Aplin had been drinking together. Aplin counted money before Nation, and Nation insisted on seeing Aplin home. Both got into a cart and drove away. Aplin was found next morning dead in his cart ; his money gone. Nation was arrested immediately. The money was found on him, and his clothes and knife were stained with blood. He was sentenced to be hanged.

Mr. Joseph Hodgson, a farmer of Collingham near Newark, received a nice-looking mince-pie from some unknown "friend." He partook of it, and was found sitting at table with the pie before him, partly eaten. The old man was dead. On examining the pie, it was found to contain arsenic. Neither the criminal sender nor the motive that led to the murder has been discovered.

The Sheffield Magistrates have committed Tooney and Stokes for firing a wheat-stack. They had given themselves up to the police. Tooney said that he was a ticket-of-leave man, and that he fired the stack because he could get no work and no assistance. Stokes made no statement.

Edward Hardman, a shoemaker of Chorley, has been committed by the Coroner for the murder of his wife, by administering to her arsenic and antimony.

A madman, at large in Liverpool, John Gibbons by name, has murdered two of his children, and seriously injured his wife and a third child, by cutting them in the neck and face with a razor.

The process of emptying the Lundhill coal-mine of the water with which the fire was drowned is now going on rapidly, yet several weeks must elapse before the pit can be entered.

The recent heavy rains have caused serious floods in the West Riding of Yorkshire,

fortign auti Colonial.

fraim.—The French Government has just had the pleasure of lowering the pride of a bishop. Some time since, the Bishop of Moulins caused a great scandal in his diocese. He suspended some of the clergy without giving any notice; he forced others to renounce their right of appeal to the civil power in any case; he excommunicated those who would not renounce their rights ; he published synodal statutes in an illegal manner. These facts the Government have taken into consideration; ban declared the acts of the Bishop te be an &bine of his power, and have cancelled them. A report by M. Abbatucci, recommending the revival of the penal laws against those who assume titles of nobility, gives at some length a history of the previous attempts under the old Monarchy, the Empire, and the Restoration, to check this popular tendency in France. He thus places

the matter as a question of legislation. .

"Never, perhaps, at any former time, did the tendency to assume titles, and to put on an appearance above one's real condition, manifest itself in such a regretable manner as it has done within the last few years ; and although in most eases these ustapations de noblesse take their source in a ridiculous vanity, they very often proceed upon fraud and interested calculations. It is therefore necessary, both for political and social reasons' to put a stop to these excesses. But will it be sufficient to revive article 259 of the law of 1810 or of 1816; or will it not rather be desirable to go deeper —to take into consideration the state of the old nobility, and to lay down, in a complete system, what facts shall constitute a misdemeanour, how these facts shall be proved, and what penalties shall be applied ? The solution of these questions presents difficulties worthy of the meditation of statesmen and lawyers ; it should be such as to remedy the constantly-increasing disorder in the social relations of the present time, and at the same time to restore for the future to an institution inseparable from monarchical power all its lustre and sincerity."

According to the Swiss Band, the following are the conditions which Dr. Kern brought forward at the fifth sitting of the Conference as the only basis on which Switzerland would consent to treat.

"1. Prussia is to acknowledge the complete independence of the Canton of Neuchatel of' every foreign tie ; and, as a consequence of this, the King is to formally renounce all pretensions whatsoever to that country.

"2. Switzerland cannot admit a preliminary recognition of Prussia's rights of sovereignty over Neuchiltel. "3. Switzerland. concedes neither to the present King of Prussia nor to any member of the Royal Family of Prussia the right of bearing the title of Prince of Neuchatel. She is bound, therefore, now and for ever to protest against any sort of pretensions which might afterwards be deduced from this title, disputed as it is by Switzerland. "4. The charitable institutions now existing in the Canton are to be recognized as such, maintained, and placed under the protection of the constitution, and of the laws of the country. As for guarantees of another kind, no question of them can be entertained. "5. The Confederation will proclaim, for the authors of the insurrection of September, and for all who took part in it,. a general amnesty : they cannot, therefore, be proceeded against, either onminally or by civil process, for acts connected with that affair and other political offences. For the rest, they will enjoy, in common with all their fellow citizens, the protection of the Federal and Cantonal constitutions. No special guarantee in their favour is admitted.

"6. The Confederation undertakes to defray the expenses incurred by the occupation of the Canton of Neuchatel and the levy of troops which took place. On the other hand, all demands for an indemnity in money are rejected." The Band says it does not guarantee the perfect accuracy of this statement.

The French and English International Cattle Show was opened on Wednesday, at Poissy, the principal cattle-market for Paris, and about seventeen miles North-west of that city. Mr. Heath, Mr. Stratton, the Duke of Beaufort, Mr. M'Crombie, Mrs. West of Bletchington, and Lord Ilatherton, are among the successful English competitors.

S fig inil.—The stupid proceedings at Tourney have caused a great stir in Belgium. In the Lower Chamber, the Protectionists have not scrupled to accuse the Gendarmes of sabreing the people and supporting the Free-traders. The charge is denied by their opponents, and a counter-charge made, that the mob of Tourney, urged on by the Protectionists, has deprived the Free-traders of their constitutional right to hold public meetings. In the Lower Chamber, on the 2d instant, Count Vilain XIIII stated that a judicial and an administrative inquiry had been set on foot.

"The cry 'A l'eau lee Anglais !' has been heard in ono of the principal manufacturing towns of Belgium, after what may be called a jollification. Certainly all the world knows that the cries which accompany a masquerade are not worthy of serious remark; but it is nevertheless necessary that some one in the name of the country should protest that this cry had no business to be. They have shouted, A. l'eau lea Angluis l'—but what have the English done that they should be thrown into the water! Since 1830 the name of England recommends itself to our people by the sympathy which she has under all circumstances displayed towards Belgium. The account of these ridiculous scenes will arrive in London upon the same day that we have received the address of Lord Palmerston to the electors of Tiverton,an address in which he gives an eulogium on Belgium the most complete, the most honourable—an culogium which has touched me, which has gone to my heart, and for which I am happy to be able here publicly to thank this statesman. It is the same day that journals of London go distributing through all England the account of the scenes at Tourney. It is pitiable. The English will without doubt laugh at it, but it is not for Us to laugh at it. Les Anglais a l'eau' and why ? Because they give us cheap coals, cheap cottons, cheap linens ? They do not force us, apparently, to take these commodities in spite of ourselves ; for England does not press Belgium

to make her sign treaties of commerce which may be disadvantageous. Again, the English do not force us to buy the cheap goods they manufacture.

They say to us—' There is coal, will you have it ? there are linens, will you have them ? there are cottons, will you have them ? ' If it is thought to our interest not to buy cheap things, we can very well say to our neighbours —' No, thank you' ; but not 'a l'eau.' So then, without treating seriously scenes of a carnival or a masquerade I protest, in the name of the country, against any importance which it may be attempted to attach to the absurd cries which have been heard at Touniay."

lit 111.—The King of Sardinia paid another flying visit to Nice and its Russian residents on the 1st and 2d instant. Mere he saw the Grand Duke Constantine, as well as the Empress Dowager and her daughters.

The King of Naples visited Naples on the 30th March, for the first time since January. He staid in his capital but a few hours ; and, going from Caserta to Naples, and back from .Naples to Caserta, ho carefully avoided the railway. The despatch from Count Cavour to the Marquis do Canteen, recalling that diplomatist from Vienna, has been published.

"Count Buol, in his despatch recalling Count Pear, requests him to render an account immediately of any fresh explanations I might have to give him. I regret not being able to satisfy this expectation. From the moment the recall of the Imperial Legation was announced to me in an official and definitive manner, it became no longer possible for me to enter into any political discussion with Count Pear. I have been obliged, in consequence, to limit myself to expressing to him my regret at a measure which appeared me by no means justifiable ; a regret rendered the more painful

Fr the retirement from Turin of a diplomatist who, in the accomplishment of a mission frequently difficult, had given me proofs of a character as immutable as it was conciliatory."

The Sardinians in Austria are placed under the protection of the French Minister, M. de Bourqueney.

Snrktn.—Before the British fleet quitted the Bosphorus, the Sultan paid a visit to Admiral Lord Lyons in his ship the Royal Albert. The Turkish Ministers and Lord Stratford arrived on board in the forenoon Of the 28th March. They were present with the Admiral and the Captains of the fleet to receive the Sultan at the entry-port of the middle deck. His Majesty was assisted up the ladders to the main deck by Lord Stratford. At first he appeared ill at ease ; but he soon recovered, flung open his coat to show the Order of the Garter to the "brave soldiers and sailors," and walked about and chatted. Having retired to the Admiral's cabin, he desired the Admiral, the Ambassador, and the Pashas, to sit ; an unusual mark of honour. To Lord Lyons he was very gracious ; saying

" I loved you whon I first saw you, and that affection and regard has since been increased by the nobleness of your conduct ; and I feel that it is no small thing to cOme on board such a ship to see such a man : and I trust that, if again Englund become the defender of Turkey, your Sovereign may choose vou, if your services can be spared, to again command the fleet ; and I hope that you may long live to adorn the profession of which you are such a bright ornament.'

The Sultan remained on board nearly an hour. Next day the fleet steamed out of the Bosphorus for Malta.

VP ark.—Another Ministerial crisis has occurred in Denmark. A . telegraphic despatch from Berlin, dated Thursday, states that " all the Danish Ministers tendered their resignation to the King on the 8th. The crisis is said not to have been brought about by any foreign influ'once."

inotraliii,—Sir Henry Darkly arrived at Melbourne on the 23d December. Acting Governor ISPArthur waited on him on board the Oneida, and on the 24th both landed and proceeded to Toorak. Sir Henry held his first levee on the 1st January, in the Exhibition-building. The attendance was very large. Addresses were presented from both Houses of Parliament, from the Municipal Council, the ministers and members of the Free Presbyterian Church, the Synod of Victoria, the Wesleyan Church, the Episcopal Church, the Committee of the Melbourne Benevolent Asylum, and the Municipal Councils of Williamstown and East ColIingwood. (4 in 11.—Full details of the great poisoning trial at Hongkong have come to hand. It occupied the Supreme Court four days. Ten Chinese were arraigned before the Chief Justice. The Attorney-General proseouted ; five lawyers defended the prisoners ; and six Englishmen formed the jury. A large number of witnesses were examined. It was clearly established that bread containing arsenic had been sold at the bakery of A-Luau Several cases of direct sickness were proved. It was also proved that A-Lum was present when the dough was making. On the other band, A-Liun deposed that he had himself eaten of the bread, and suffered sickness ; that his departure for Macao, on the morning of the issue of poisoned bread, was caused by his desire to take his father, wife, and family, home. A reward had been offered for his head, and he did not intend to go to Canton himself. "When he heard that something had happened to the bread, he offered the captain of the steamer first fifty then a hundred dollars to take him back to Hongkong. They would not put back, and he was soon after arrested by Mr. Robinet. As there was no direct evidenee to prove who had put the arsenic in the bread issued from A-Lum's shop, he and all his men were acquitted.

aliorrtlaurnuo.

A Supplement to the Gazette of Friday was issued on Saturday in order to publish the following important proclamation. • "At the Court at Buckingham Palace, the 2d day of April 1867. Present, the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in Council.

" Whereas it has been represented to her Majesty, that certain contagious or infectious disorders are now prevalent among cattle in certain countries or places bordering upon the Baltic Sea, and that there is danger of the said disorders being introduced into this country by menus of cattle, and horns, and hoofs, and raw and wet hides, or skins of cattle, from such countries or places. Now, therefore, her Majesty, by and with the advice of her Privy Council, doth order, and it is hereby ordered, that from and after the date hereof, no cattle, and no horns, hoofs, or raw or wet hides, or skins of eattle, shall be imported or introduced into the United Kingdom which shall come from or shall have been at any place within those territories of the Emperor of Russia, or of the King of Prussia, or of the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg Schwerin, which respectively are in or border upon the Gulf of Finland, or any other part of the Baltic Sea between the Gulf of Finland and the territories of the free city of Lubeck, or which shall come from or shall have been at any place within the territories of the free city of Lubeck; and also that, from and after the date hereof, no cattle, and no horns, hoofs, or raw or'wet hides or skins of cattle, shall be imported or introduced into the United Kingdom, which shall be, or shall have been on board any vessels at the same time with any cattle, or horns, hoofs, or raw or wet hides or skins of cattle, which shall have conic from or shall have been at any such place as aforesaid.

"And her Majesty, by and with the advice of her Privy Council, doth hereby further order, that all cattle, and all horns, hoofs, and raw or wet hides, or skins of cattle, the importation or introduction whereof is so hereby prohibited as aforesaid, and also all hay, straW, fodder, litter, or manure, being or having been in or on board any vessels at the same time with any such cattle, or horns, hoofs, or raw or wet hides or skins of cattle as aforesaid, shall, upon their arrival in this country, be destroyed, or otherwise disposed of, as the Commissioners of her Majesty's Customs may direct. " And the Right Honourable the Lords Connuissioners of her Majesty's Treasury are to give the necessary directions herein accordingly.

"C. C. OAKVILLE."

The .Daity News sketches the antecedents of Mr. John Evelyn Denis son, the Ministerial candidate for the Speakership.

"The family of which Mr. Denison is the head owes its origin, like that of so many of our leading gentry, to successful mercantile enterprise. Its founder made a fortune in trade—we believe at Leeds—more than a century ago ; and more than one of its members have honourably distinguished themselves in the law and in other walks of life. The present proprietor of Ossington was born in the first year of the century, and succeeded at a very

early age to the positien he has since occupied. If we are not much mistaken his first experience as a man of business was derived from the systematic pursuit of agricultural improvement on an extensive scale, and the application of means at the time regarded generally as almost empirical to the reclamation and-development of the resources of the Boil. But while thus engaged in works of local usefulness, Mr. Denison was not insensible to the attractions of political life. After quitting Oxford, he had, in company with the present Lord Derby and Mr. Labouchere, made a protracted tour through the United States of America. Soon after their return, each of the three friends entered Parliament • and all of them took an early interest in the struggle of Parties then for the most part concentrated on the great question of Catholic Emancipation. On the accession of Mr. Canning to the Premiership in 1827, Mr. Stanley and Mr. Denison were both called upon to fill subordinate offices, the former as Under-Secretary for the Colonies, the latter as one of the Lords of the Admiralty. By his marriage with the daughter of the late Duke of Portland, Mr. Denison had become closely connected with the family of Mr. Canning; and it is probable that had that gifted statesman lived, his young friend would have speedily filled a position of greater official prominence. Whether owing to Mr. Canning's premature decease, or to some other cause of which we are unaware, it does not appear that the Member for Nottinghamshire formed a part in any of the Liberal Administrations subsequently formed. We have some recollection of a criticism passed by him on the composition of the Government of 1846, of which Lord John Russell was the head ; the gist of which, if we remember aright, lay, in pointing out the absence of territorial influence as represented in the Cabinet then formed. We apprehend that the sympathies of the Speakerelect have always been emphatically, though we are far from saying exclusively, ideutisied with the landed interest; and it is a somewhat curious coincidence that his elevation to the chair of the Lower House should Come at a moment signalized by the extrusion from Parliament of the more conspicuous leaders of the Manchester party, and by the return of a good number of country magnates to the Liberal banner."

The Times of yesterday has some interesting comments on the stationary character of the population of France. "The increase of population during the five years ending 1856 was only 256,000 souls, while the census of 1846 gave an increase of 1,170,000. Now, as the Frenchman is not an emigrant, rarely quitting his country to cultivate the wildernesses of the New World or the Antipodes, this almost imperceptible increase of population is certainly a discouraging sign. Not more than 10,000 French emigrate yearly; it follows, therefore, that the stationary character which population seems now to have assumed must result from some deficiency in prolific power, the consequence of deterioration of race or material obstacles which society should remove. There does, indeed, seem to have been lately a rapid diminution in the rate of increase, until in the present day the increase has almost vanished. But for more than half a century the French have not been a prolific people. In 1790 the population numbered 26,500,000; that is, it was almost equal to the population of the British Islands at the present day. At that time Great Britain hardly contained more than 10,000,000 souls ; while Ireland, with some 4,000,000 more, was rather a burden than a support. We may well conceive the advantages which our rival had in those days from her superior numbers, and admire the courage with which our forefathers were always ready for a war with France, a country which had an effective population of not far from three times their own. But now things have indeed altered. The British people have increased and multiplied and replenished the earth in a manner beyond example. Frenchmen may laugh at our large families, while their own households are limited to two or three ; but we have certainly the best of it, since, within the last two generations we have been able not only to assist in populating America and colonizing Australia, but we have actually raised our home population to something approaching equality with the French. If we take Great Britain alone, we find that the population has considerably more than doubled since the French Revolution, while that of France has scarcely increased more than 35 per cent. Notwithstanding Irish famines and English strikes, cholera and short harvests, the number of children born has been continually in enormous excess over the deaths. But in France we find that every natural or political calamity checks the increase in a marked manner. 'In 1847 the excess of births over deaths fell from 237,000 to 62,000 on account of the scarcity, and this small excess was again diminished to 13,000 by the cholera of 1849. Things grew worse after 1851 under the double influence of scarcity and war, till in 1854 and 1855 the deaths for the first time exceeded the births. Thus we learn the astonishing fact that at the present time the population of France is actually diminishing, although emigration has almost entirely ceased. War, a succession of bad harvests, the grape-blight, and the disease of the silk-worm, are all pointed to as having a share in producing this startling result; but we cannot but feel that there must be some cause deeper and more abiding than any of these. For the last thirty years, at least, the proportionate increase has been steadily lessening, and the present time only witnesses the change from increase to diminution. This is a fact which may somewhat justify a Guizot or a De Toequeville in their mournful tone."

Queen Victoria and the Emperor of the French have concluded a treaty to prevent misunderstandings with regard to trading in Western Africa. Under this treaty, the Queen relinquishes the right hitherto enjoyed by her subjects of trading from the mouth of the River St. John to the Bay and Port of Portendic inclusively. The French Emperor cedes to the Queen the French factory or comptoir at Albreda, on the North bank of the River Gambia, on the Western coast of Africa, together with all possessory or other rights whatever appertaining to the said factory.

A copy of the electoral law of the colony of Victoria, as forwarded to England for the Royal assent, appears in the shape of a Parliamentary paper just issued, in accordance with an address of the House of Commons. The following clauses in this measure refer to the vote by ballot, which has now become the law in Victoria.

"See. 35. At every booth or polling-place there shall be one or more compartments or ballot-rooms, provided with ink and pens for the purpose of enabling the elector to mark the ballot-paper as hereinafter provided ; in which room no person other than the returning-officer or his deputy, the poll-clerk, and the scrutineers of the several candidates to be appointed as hereinafter provided, and the electors who shall for that time be tendering their votes, shall be entitled to be present ; and any person other than such returning-officer, poll-clerk, scrutineers, and electors actually recording their votes, who shall intrude into such room, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanour. Provided always, that it shall be lawful for the returningofficer, and deputy returning-ofheer, or poll-clerk, to summon to his assistance in such compartment, or room' any member or members of the police force for the purpose of preserving the public peace quelling any breach thereof that may have arisen, and for removing out of such room any person or persons who may, in his opinion be obstructing the polling or wilfully violating any of the provisions of this act.

"36. The returning-officer or his deputy shall provide a lock box, of which he shall keep the key, with a cleft or opening in such box capable of receiving the ballot-paper ; and which box shall stand upon the table at which the returning-officer, deputy returning-officer, or poll-clerk, and scrutineers preside. And each elector shall, having previously satisfied as herein provided the returning-officer or his deputy that he is entitled to vote at such election, then receive from the returning-officer, or deputy returning-officer, or poll-clerk, a ballot-paper in the form in the schedule hereunto annexed, marked (F), and which ballot-paper shall be signed upon the back by the returning-officer with his name ; and such elector shall, in the compartment or ballot-room provided for the purpose, strike out the names of such candidates as he does not intend to vote for, and shall forthwith fold up the same in such manner as will conceal the names of the candidates, and display that of the returning-officer written upon the back, and deposit it in the ballot-box in the presence of the returning-officer, or deputy returningofficer, or poll-clerk, and scrutineers: and in case such elector shall be unable to read, or shall be blind, he shall signify the same to the returningofficer, or deputy returning-officer, or poll-clerk, who shall thereupon mark or strike out the names of such candidates as the elector may designate ; and no elector shall take out of such room any such ballot-paper either before or after he has marked the same : and any elector wilfully infringing any of the provisions of this clause, or obstructing the polling by any unnecessary delay in performing any act within the ballot-room, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanour.

"37. After the nomination of the several candidates for the province or district shall have taken place, the returning-officer shall cause to be printed a number of ballot-papers in the form (F) ; which ballot-papers he shall keep in his own custody, and before the clay of polling he shall deliver to each deputy returning-officer such number of ballot-papers, signed by himself, as shall be sufficient for the electors who may poll at the booth or polling-place within such deputy's division ; and he shall also sign a sufficient number of ballot-papers for the electors who may poll at the booth or polling-place over which he shall himself preside, and it shall be the duty of the returning-officer and deputy returning-officer to keep an exact account of such signed ballot-papers. "38. Before delivering the ballot-paper to the elector, as hercinbefore provided, the returning-officer, or deputy returning-officer, or poll-clerk, shall write upon each ballot-paper so delivered to such elector the number corresponding to the number set opposite to the elector's name in the electoral roll, and shall thereupon check or mark off, upon a certified copy of the mi electoral roll, di. voter's name as having voted ; and such numbers so corresponding as aforesaid shall be sufficient prima facie evidence of the identity of the electors whose names shall appear on the roll, and of the fact of their having voted at the election at which such ballot-papers were delivered. "39. The returning-officer shall preside at one polling-place within his province or district, and shall appoint by writing under his hand a deputy or deputies, or poll-clerk, to act for him and preside at each of the other polling-places or booths appointed as aforesaid for taking the poll for such province or district, or any division thereof, respectively, and a poll-clerk for each compartment or ballot-room when there are more than one.

"41. Each candidate may appoint one person to be scrutineer at each booth or polling-place, and in every compartment thereof at the election ; and every person so appointed scrutineer shall upon his appointment make and subscribe the following declaration in the presence of the returningofficer or deputy returning-officer= I, A B, a scrutineer appointed by C D, a candidate at the election of a member to serve in the Legislative Council (or in the Legislative Assembly, as the case may be) for X, do hereby solemnly declare that I will faithfully assist at such election ; and that I will not attempt to ascertain for whom any elector shall vote, neither will I by any word or action directly or indirectly aid in the discovery of the same unless in answer to any question which I am legally bound to answer, or in compliance with the provi,sions of this act.'

SCHEDULE F. BALLOT-PAPEII—FORM.

" Province (or district) of [here insert name of province or district]. "Candidates' names [here arranged alphabetically]—William Brown, Henry Smith, Charles Stevens, John Thompson. The voter is to strike out the name or names of the candidate or candidates for whom he does not intend to vote, by drawing a line through the same with a pen. " He must be careful not to leave uncancelled more name, than are capable of being returned for the province or district in which he votes, namely [here insert number] names, otherwise his ballot-paper will be invalid.

"If he cannot read, he may require the returning-officer or deputy returning-officer to strike out for him such niune or names as he may designate.

"The ballot-paper, so marked by or for the voter, is to be dropped by him into the ballot-box.

"The voter is not to be permitted to take his ballot-paper out of the ballot-room or polling-booth."

The number of deaths registered in the week ending Saturday last differs little from that of the preceding week ; the totals being respectively 1235 and 1248. If the increase of the population be allowed for, the number of deaths last week is 76 less than the average of the last ten years.

James Douglas, Baron Douglas, died on Monday, at Bothwell Castle, on the Clyde. It appears that he had taken an active part in the Lanarkahire election, and the excitement proved too much for his debilitated frame : as he was entering his carriage, on the 2d, to attend a meeting of Mr. Cochrane's supporters, he was seized by an attack of apoplexy from which he never recovered. James Douglas, himself the fourth Baron, was the second son of the first Baron ; he was born in 1787; his mother was the sister of the third Duke of Buccleuch. For many years a rector in the Church of England, he succeeded to the title and estates in 1848. As he dim childless, the title becomes extinct; but his sister the Countess of Home succeeds to the estates. The father of the late Lord Douglas was the successful suitor in "the great Douglas cause" that made so much noise in the last century. A Glasgow correspondent of the Times, in the following epitome, revives the leading circumstances of that famous litigation. The Duke of Douglas died childless in 1761; when the title became extinct, but the real and personal estate was claimed by his nephew, Mr. Archibald Stewart, who was served nearest heir to the _Duke in the same year. The assumption of the estates led to this memorable lawsuit. Lady Jane Douglas, sister to the last Duke already mentioned, was one of the handsomest women of her time, and in August 1746, being then forty-eight years of age, she was secretly married to Mr. Stewart, afterwards Sir John Stewart of Grandtully. They resided abroad, principally in France, from 1746 tilt the end of December 1749. At the latter date they returned to this country, and took up their residence in Lend ,on bringing with them two male children, of whom they gave out that Lady Jane had been delivered in Paris at a twin birth in July 1748. The Youngest of the twins, who was named Sholto Thomas Stewart, died in May 1753, and in November of the same year Lady Jane died at Edinburgh. Immediately after the Duke's death, the guardians of the surviving youth proceeded to put him in possession of the estates of the Douglas family. He was served heir to the late Duke before a jury, after the examination of a great body of evidence; the examination or inquest having been attended by counsel on the part of the Duke of Hamilton, who claimed the Douglas estate as heir-male. The guardians of the Duke of Hamilton were not convinced, however, of the legitimacy of Stewart or Douglas ; and with the view of clearing up the case, they sent agents to the Continent; who brought back a great body of eddenoe to prove that the pretended delivery of Lady Sane was a fiction, and that the twins really belonged to two poor families in France, named respectively Mignion and Saury. The guardians of Mr. Stewart, on the other hand, brought forward persons to swear that they had seen Lady. Jane in a state of pregnancy, and that they were actually present at the birth of these twins. After evidence had been collected Pre and con from every quarter, and mosteminutely sifted and criticized, the case came on for judgment in the Court of Session in Scotland on the 7th of July 1767; and so important was the cause deemed that the fifteen judges took eight days to deliver their opinions. The result was, that seven of the Judges voted in favour of the identity or legitimacy of Mr. Stewart and seven against it; the Lord President, who had the casting-vote, agreed with the latter, by which Douglas alias Stewart was cast on the world without either name or estate. An appeal from this decision was taken to the House of Lords, however' by which the judgment of the Court of Session was reversed in 1769, and Archibald Stewart or Douglas declared to be the undoubted son of Lady Jane the sister of the late Duke. He now retained undisputed possession of the estates. Archibald Douglas was created a British Peer, by the title of Baron Douglas, by George the Third, in 1796. The Peer who has just departed was his son and last male heir."

A living link connecting the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was snapped at the end of last month. The 'Viscountess Keith—once Heather Maria Thrale, a daughter of the Throbs of Streatleun—died on the 31st March, at her house in Piccadilly, in her ninety-third year. She was Mr. Thrale's eldest daughter ; Dr. Johnson was her instructor in early life, when she was called " Queeny" ; Baretti taught her Italian. She was present at the deathbed of Johnson. At their last interview, he said to her, "My dear child, we part for over in this world—let us part as Christians should ; let us pray together." He than uttered a prayer of fervent piety and deep affection, invoking the blessing of Heaven upon his _pupil. In 1808 she married Lord Keith, of naval renown ; who died in 1823. Lady Keith passed the close oilier life in a relirement that did not prevent her from largely exercising the virtue of charity. Two of her sisters still survive,—Mme Thrale of Ashgrove, near Sevenoaks ; and Mrs. Mostyn, who resides at Brighton.

The Lyttelton notes of December 24th appears with its columns in mourning, as a mark of respect for the memory of Mr. John Ingram Shrimpton, "one of the earliest colonists of Canterbury, and the man who, with a few energetic assistants, published the first number of the Lyttelton Times, in the open air, on an unenclosed sled in the centre of this town, a very few days after the disembarkation of himself and Ids fellow adventurers." Mr. Shrimpton was out duck-shooting with his brother : the latter, in running forward with his gun at full cock, fell ; his gun went off, and the charge lodged in Mr. Shrimptou's heart. The Coroner's verdict, of course, could only be "Accidental death."

The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to he passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignities of Viscount amid Earl of the United. Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto the Right Honourable Henry. Richard Charles, Baron Cowley, G.C.B., her Majesty's Ambassador Extmordinary and Plenipotentiary to his Majesty the Emperor of the French, and to the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the names, styles, and titles of Viscount Dangan, in the county of Meath, and Earl Cowley.—London Gazette.

Colonel IrMurdo, late Director-General of the Land Transport Corps, has been appointed Colonel-Commandant of the Military Train.

Viscount Combermere has appointed Colonel Whimper, who was badly wounded at the Alma, to be Major of the Tower of London, in the room of the late Major Elrington.

'fho United Service Gazette states that the Queen herself will distribute the Victoria Cross to the heroes to be decorated. If so, the distribution will not take place for some weeks.

Mr. Robert Lowe arrived in Loudon from Kidderminster on Monday, but passed on to Caterham : he is recovering.

Lord Wodehouse performs the duties of hospitality at St. Petersburg with great success : frequently entertaining his countrymen, and giving "dancing route" on a large scale to both English and Russians.

The Emperor Napoleon is to confer the grand cordon of the Legion of Honour on the Shah of Persia, and Ferukh Khan is to be made a Commander.

General Todtleben arrived in Paris at the end of last week; many Russian naval officers are expected there soon, to meet the Grand Duke Constantine.

It is said that N. de Monty has lost his influence at St. Petersburg : the speculator overpowers the ambassador, and ills reported that lie will probably be recalled.

The Duke and Duchess of dfontpensier have given up their journey to Madrid, England, and Italy, inconsequence of the pregnancy of the Duchess. The Prince de Joinvilk arrived at Genoa on the 31st of lust month.

The Emperor of Austria has conferred on Mr. Paul Preteh, the inventor of the art of photo-galvanography, the grand gold medal for arts and sciences in recognition of the artualeal perfection of the specimen prints which Mr. Pretsh has submitted to his Majesty.

The Paris correspondent of the Inele"pesulance Beige is a great Fossip. It appears that a Mr. Hume, known to the initiated as a highly-gifted " medium," has been at Paris, performing before the Emperor. Ile has also

it appears, suddenly left the French capital. The Belgian gossip I

_says—" can state upon authority, that the sudden departure of Mr. Hume, the spirit-rapper, was in obedience to an order from the Emperor. The Empress was so much affected that her august consort dreaded the continuance of the diabolical scenes. The ladies of honour were not less excited than their sovereign. They could speak of nothing but the redoubtable conjuror. The Emperor made a wise revolution in the household ; and the poor devil, who though playing the part of a personage with 40,000/. a year, was real penniless—has left for the country of the Rappers. A few days age the mperor met the learned physician, M. Becquerel, and remarked, I want to consult you upon what I saw that trickster do ' : and his Majesty then told how Mr. Hume had made a table turn round without touching it, and caused it to be struck by an unseen hand as many times as he liked. The Emperor received from the physician the very natural reply, 'Sire, I can say nothing upon facts which I have not witnessed,'"

It is said that some of the English residents at Constantinople were rather wandalized by the tableaux vivants which they saw represented at a party given by the Russian Ambassador last Wednesday. The performers consisted of the Russian and French attaches. The lady actresses for the occasion were selected from the chief Russian, French, and Greek families residing here, and no doubt by the discriminating tact of M. Boutcnieff himself. The first tableau symbolized the greatness. and the grandeur of Russia in the person of Peter the Great; and the last tableau, which depicted the interior of a harem, was well calculated to give a Greek maiden a conception not of Turkish but of Russian progress in civilization.

The Board of Health at Washington have ordered the National Hotel to be closed as uninhabitable. It seems that from bad drainage a most mephitic atmosphere was created in the large building, poisoning the inmates, both by their inhaling the bad air and by the 'provisions becoming infected. The matter was so serious that it' was rumoured that a conspiracy existed among the Black servants to poison the President and his staff; but it was at length discovered that it was foul air which had attacked Mr. Buchanan's health.

The visitors to Greenwich next week will have no fair to attend ; but the Park and Blackheath will afford them a purer atmosphere and more rational enjoyment.

During last year, 281 persons were killed, and 394 more or less hurt, on i

railways n the United Kingdom. The number of passengers killed was 27: nineteen of the twenty-seven deaths arose from the incautiousness of the sufferers themselves, leaving eight as the number who died from " accidents " beyond their own control.

Among the victims of the recent railway accident at Hamilton in Upper Canada, was Mr. Samuel Zimmermann, the "Canadian Dargan,"—a man of limited education, who had acquired immense wealth by contracting for great public works. Ile is said to have been worth three million dollars.

The deficit of the Austrian finances for 1856 is reported to be 125,000,000 florins.

In Berlin, as at Paris, there has been within the last few years an enormous rise in house-rents, ranging from 40 to 100 per cent. Articles of food and clothing have also been enhanced in price.

An immense trade is now carried on in Purls in French " Cashmere " shawls : the Court patronizes them.

The Necropolis Company have started a new kind of insurance—" funeral insurance " : persons can pay monthly or yearly sums that will insure them a funeral, grand or humble, according to their payments.

A settler at King William's Town, in the Cape colony, has received two bales of wool grown by Tambookies : it is hoped that this may prove a commencement of wool-growing generally by the Caffre tribes.

The Russian Government have sent extensive orders to our North-east ports for iron screw-steamers for service in the Black Sea.

The Austrian Government intend to encourage horse-races in Vienna, Pesth, and other places, by granting 70,000 florins per annum for the next three years for prizes.

The Russian Steam Navigation Company is to have a rival at Constantinople; where a company has been formed by the Pashas and merchants to trade in the Black Sea and in the Mediterranean as far West as Genoa : the Government supports the scheme, and will grant privileges.

A Catholic aggression on the Chinese. The French are about to send to the East a "Bishop of Canton "—Monseigneur Guillemin.

It is said that an island very rich in guano has been discovered to the South of Cuba.

The murrain has appeared in cattle at Ungarisch-Hredisch, a hundred miles from Vienna : a great cattle-market is held at Hradisch.

In two eases Christian witnesses have given evidence against Turks in Bosnia, and the Mussulmani have been convicted.

Marshal ?Legman, commander of the Army of Paris, has exempted all Jewish soldiers from service during the solemnities of Easter.

Rewards have been given to twenty-three cab-drivers of Paris for honesty in delivering up articles left in their vehicles; • certificates of honesty have been bestowed on forty-one other drivers; and the names of the whole have been posted up at all the carriage-stations.

The subscription for the family Of Mr. Little, the railway treasurer who was murdered in Dublin, now amounts to 13431.; the Midland Railway Company have received it as a deposit, and will allow 6 per cent interest.

The "oldest man in America," John Flames, who lives in Murray county, Georgia, is said to be a hundred and thirty-four years old. He fought in the war of Independence. He has a grandson sixty years old.

The IVetv York Herald tells a story of a new kind of fuel adopted by a farmer South of Chicago—he found it cheaper to burn corn in the ear than to purchase coal at a high rate !

Smith, late Receiver-General and Treasurer of the Bahamas, has been convicted of embezzling public moneys, and sentenced to two years' imprisonment.

The British Bank premises in Threadneedle Street were sold by auction on Wednesday : they were purchased for the Baltic Committee at 11,000/., and some MOO/. more will be paid for fixtures.

The natives of New Caledonia have massacred a colony of eleven Frenchmen and fourteen Sandwich Islanders, at Moran, about seven miles from Port de France. The motives for the act do not appear.

On the 16th of June, at Porirua, near Wellington, New Zealand, the Wife of W. B. Burgess, Esq., of a son.

On the 26th January, at St. Andrew's Parsonage, Red River, in the Diocese of Rupert's Land, the Wife of the Yen. Archdeacon Hunter' M.A., of soon. On the 13th February, at Hongkong, the Wife of H. S. Parkes, Esq., 11.B.M.'s Consul, of a daughter.

On the 1st April, in Montague Place, Russell Square, the Wife of the Rev. E. Bayley, Rector of St. George's, Bloomsbur), of a daughter. On the 2d, in Athole Crescent, Edinburgh, the Lady Agnes More Nisbett, of twin sons.

On the 4th, at East Barsham, Norfolk, the Hon. Mrs. Delaval Astley, of a son. On the 4th, at Bendeomb Park, Gloucestershire, the Wife of David Fullerton, Esq., of a son. On the 4th, in Eaton Square, Lady Wiles, of a son, which died chitin.' the day. On the 5th, at Great Malvern, Worcestershire, the Wife of Edward Ragmen Knatchbull-Hugessen, Esq., 11.P., of a son. On the 6th, in Portland Place, the Lady Augusta Mostyn, of a son. On the 8th, in Lyall Street, Belgmve Square, the Hon. Mrs. Hamilton Beckett, of a son.

On the 8th, in Great Cuniberland Street, the Hon. Mrs. Frederick Chichester, of a son.

On the 8th, at Shottesbrooke Park, Berks, the Wife of George R. Iraslewood, Esq., of a daughter. On the 26th March, at the British Consulate, Nice, Sir David Brewster, K.11., F.B.S., D.C.L., to Jane Kirk, second daughter of the late Thomas Purnell, Esq., of Scarborough.

On the 2d April, at Wakot Church, Bath, John Halkett Le Couteur, LieutenantColonel Coldstream Guards, to Mary Catherine, only daughter of Alexander Low, Esq., late of crigaie, Kincardineshire.

On the 24, at the Manse of Fyvie, Aberdeenshire, Captain Thomas Jenkins. Madras Army, son of the late Sir Richard Jenkins, G.C.B., D.C.L., and F.B.S., to Caroline E. M., only child of the late Captain John Leslie, Forty-second Highlanders.

On the 25th March, in Harley Place, Bow Road, Edmund White, Esq. ; in his 95th year.

On the 31st, in Piccadilly, the Viscountess Keith ; in her 95th year. On the 1st April, in Acre Lane, Brixton, Surrey, Lieutenant-Colonel WVicar. On the 3d, in Cavendish Road West, St. John's Wood, Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Best Jervis. F.R.S., H.E.I.C. Engineers, and founder and Director of the Topographical and Statistical Derslt, War Department ; in his Gist year. On the 4th, at Stanhope Castle, Durham, Herbert Spring, Esq.; in his 49th year.

On the 6th, in Park Road, Twickenham, Edward, the last surviving son of the late Sir John Gibbons, Dart., and Knight of the Bath; in his 94th year. On the 6th, at Bothwell Castle, on the Clyde, Lord Douglas ; in his 70th year. On the 8th, in Lisson Grove North, Marylebone, Henry Richter, Esq., historical painter. and member of the Old Society of Painters in Water-Colours ; in his 85th year.

"TIME AND FAITH."—The Author of a work under this title, reviewed in the Spectator of the 31st January, has just favoured us with a Letter, which, with an Answer by the Writer of the Review, shall be inserted next week.