THE WAR IN ITALY.

The Allies have now opened the campaign with spirit and success. They have driven the Austrians out of Piedmont, turned their right, and surprised it ; they have crossed the Ticino and gained a great battle, and have possessed themselves of Milan. No connected account of these transactions has yet reached us, but the reader will gather from the sub- joined telegrams and paragraphs the course of events and the great fea- tures of the story.

The Emperor to the Empress.

" Novara, June 4.—At 11.30 a great victory was won at the bridge of Magenta. Five thousand prisoners are taken, and 15,000 of the enemy are killed or wounded. The details will be despatched by telegraph later. " Magenta, June 5.—Yesterday our army was under orders to_ march on Milan across the bridges thrown over the Ticino at Turbigo. The operation was well executed, although the enemy, who had repassed the 1 wino in great force, offered a most determined resistance. The roadways were nar- row, and during two hours the Imperial Guard sustained, unsupported, the shock of the enemy. In the meantime, General M'Mahon made himself master of Magenta. After sanguinary conflicts we repulsed the enemy at every point, with the loss on our side of about 2000 men placed hors de com- bat. The loss of the enemy is estimated at 15,000 killed and wounded. Five thousand Austrian prisoners remained in our hands." " June 5, Evening.—Resumé of the details of the battle of Magenta— Austrians taken prisoners, at least 7000. Austrians placed hors de combat, 20,000. Three pieces of cannon and two flags captured from the enemy. " Today our army rests for the purpose of reorganizing itself. Our lose is about 3000 killed and wounded, and one cannon taken by the enemy. " Head. quarters, Monday, 8 a. m.—Milan is insurgent. The Austrians have evacuated the town and castle, leaving, in their precipitation, cannon and the treasure of the army behind. them. We are encumbered with pri- soners, and have taken 12,000 Austrian muskets." " Milan Wednesday, 8 a. m.—The Emperor and the King have just en- tered Milan. Their reception was magnificent and full of enthusiasm."

Sardinian Accounts.

" Turin, June 5.—There has been a great victory at the bridge of Ma- genta between Buffalora and Milan.

" Five thousand Austrians have been made prisoners, and 15,000 killed and wounded—total, 20,000 Austrians put hors de combat. "The loss of the allies was considerable."

" grin, June 8.—The Sardinian head-quarters were transferred yester- day to Cainate. The King was to enter Milan today. At six o'clock yes- terday evening the enemy evacuated Pavia, after having spiked their guns and thrown their ammunition into the water. The corps d'armee under General Sehwarzenberg has left Pavia, and taken the direction of Belgiojoso. The Te Deum has been sung in the churches of Turin today, and the town has been illuminated."

" Turin, June 8.—The part of Upper Lombardy which has been freed from the Austrians has hastened to proclaim Victor Emmanuel as King. Volunteers are rapidly arriving from all parts to join General Garibaldi's corps, which is pursuing the enemy beyond Monza. General Urban's army, after a precipitate retreat from Varese, has become dispersed, and his scat- tered soldiers have been taken prisoners and disarmed." [Urban retreated to Cassano. on the Adda,]

Austrian Accounts.

" Verona, June 3.—There is no news of importance from the seat of war. As the enemy in ever-increasing force continues advancing to the Ticino, vial Novara, General Gyulai has concentrated his corps d'arm6e more on that river, in order exactly at the proper moment to employ his full concentrated strength. The Emperor is busied at Verona in completing the organization of the augmented army force, and has in the meantime ordered Field-Mar- shal General Hess to proceed with the 2d corps d'armie to the head-quar- &Ira."

" Verona, June 5.—Early yesterday a hot fight began at Magenta be- tween the enemy, who had crossed in great force to the eastern bank of the Ticino, and the troops of the first and second corps d'armee. The conflict was maintained with varying fortune till night set in. Final details are still wanting, as the struggle for victory has been renewed today, and still continues. Eye-witnesses report hat our troops join battle withjoyous shouts, and display endurance and bravery fully worthy of the most famous deeds of the Imperial army. The authorities and the weak garrison of Milan, with the exception of the castle garrison, have withdrawn at the 'command of General Gyulai. The town is quiet. Further details will follow later."

" Vienna, Tune 6, 11.30 a.m.—A desperate combat took place the day before yesterday between the first and second (Count Clam's and Prince Edward lLichtenstein's) corps d'armee and the enemy, who had passed the Ticino with very considerable forces. The result of the contest was undecided. The combat continued yesterday, Sunday. Our troops threw themselves upon the enemy's ranks with ardour, and showed a valour and perseverance worthy of the most glorious feats of arms of the Imperial army. Milan is perfectly tranquil. The head-quarters yesterday were still at Abbiate Grasso."

"Come, June 6.—News has arrived here of the victory of Magenta. Five thousand Austrian prisoners have been taken, and 15,000 Austrians killed and wounded. General Urban has retreated to Monza, and General Garibaldi has quitted Leoco." " Vienna, June 8.—The official Austrian Correspondence contains the following-1 After our troops had,. according to orders, evacuated Milan on Sunday last, the public functionaries also relinquished their posts, and the charge of providing for the security of the town was transferred to the mumcmality. The Imperial Austrian functionaries have withdrawn to Verona, but it is possible, however, that they may resume their posts and functions in Mantua."

" Vienna, June 8.—General Gyulai's official report of the battle of Magenta, dated 'Head-quarters, Belgiejoso, 6th of June, has been published today. The Austrians have lost in blled and wounded from 4000 to 5000 men. The loss of the enemy is at least half as much again. Every line of the report proves the heroic power of the Austrians to withstand the attacks of the enemy."

The municipality of Milan delivered in the presence of the Emperor at the head-quarters, on the 6th of June, the following address to the

The municipality of Milan is proud of being able to make use of its moat precious privilege in being the interpreter of their fellow-citizens at this grave crisis. They are willing to renew the pact of 1848, and to proclaim again before the Italian nation the great fact which has required eleven armies for its hill development in the intelligence and hearts of the people. The annexation of Lombardy to Piedmont has been this morning proclaimed by us at the very time when the artillery of the enemy could have thundered against us, and while their battalions were even in our public places. The annexation of Lombardy to Piedmont is the first step in the new way of public right, which allows nations to be the free disposers of their own des- tinies. Tho heroic Sardinian army and our brave allies, who insist upon Italy being free as far as the Adriatic, will soon achieve the magnanimous enterprise.

" Receive, Sire, the homage of the town of Milan at our hands, and be- lieve that our hearts belong entirely to you. " Our cry is : The King and Italy for ever ! "Milan, 5th of June, 1859. "Signed by Seven Assessors of the Municipality." From the daily journals we extract a few passages written hurriedly from the banks of the Ticino.

" June 4, Evening.—I had scarcely finished my letter to you when the sound of cannon was heard in the direction of Buffalora. The smoke of each gun was distinctly seen from the plateau above the river, but it was impos- sible to make one's way thither through the masses of advancing soldiers and baggap which moved there, both from Turbigo and on the road from Novara. This is unavoidable in a country which is, especially at this mo- ment, when the crops have not been cut, only accessible by the roads. It compels you to remain on the spot where you are. What I can gather from the news which has come in hitherto is as follows. The Grenadiers and Zouavea of the Guard, which were most advanced in that direction, attacked the position of Buffeters, which was strongly occupied by the Austrians, some say with as much as 40,000 men. In spite of this numerical superiority the four regiments, amounting to not more than 6000 or 7000 men, stormed the position after hard fighting and severe loss, just as the Sardinians came gaieleneral Kennet, their commander, is said to have done wonders, and Cler, formerly Colonel of the &naves in the Crimea, was killed. The fighting continued till late at night. " 2Frbigo, June 5, 11 a.m.—The affair at Buffalos was the most brilliant which has hitherto taken place ; it might be called the Battle of Buffalos. The combination was to attack the place, which is of great strength, not only in front but likewise on the left flank from Turbigo. Some delay occurred in the movement of this columns and the result was that when the

Grenadiers and Zonaves of the Guard—in all, four regiments—attacked, they found themselves attacking an army in a position strong by nature and rendered more so by fleldworks. Nothing daunted by this they attacked.

Thess■vere, however, so overmatched in numbers that the enemy, while repelling the attack, was able to assume the offensive on his side, and even to take one of the rifled guns. But in spite of his efforts he could not resist at last, and was driven back. By the time he had to retire the column on the left had come up. About 7000 are killed and wounded, Recording to report. The Emperor himself was present at San Martino, and remained there the whole night. I am off to the battlefield, and write only these few lines to complete the information given to you on this affair in my letter of yesterday. The road is open to Milan, which is already occupied by the allied forces, and, perhaps, tomorrow I shall write from there."— "I had an account [of the fighting on the 4th and 5th) given me by:a sergeant of Zouaves who was very dangerously wounded in the affair, but which I did not notice from his manner in the least until the helpers came to take him out of the cart in which he came. I walked by his side and talked to him as he returned from the field. At eleven a regiment of Zouaves of the Guard and a regiment of Grenadiers of the Guard and some of the Line passed the bridge over the Ticino at Buffalora, which the Aus- trians had only partially destroyed. After having advanced some distance, they were suddenly attacked in front and on both flanks by a column af 40,000 men. They found themselves in a country of bushes and banks and standing corn—the Austrians firing upon them under cover. At last they forced a passage through at the bayonet's point after several charges. When they found that they had left the two guns they had brought across

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the bridge in the hands of the Austrians, they .then made another charge and recovered one of the guns—the other remained with the enemy. As General M'Mahon's division arrived the action became general ; but the Grenadiers and Zouaves were terribly cut up. The country was so imprac- ticable that the cavalry could not charge. The Emperor rode out at eleven to see what progress they were making in passing. When he heard the firing he galloped forward ; he exposed himself so much that his aides-de- camp were obliged to expostulate with him. He remained for some time precisely in the place where the fire was the hottest. The French loss is 4000 killed and wounded ; the Austrian cannot be less than 15,000. Gene- ral Neil arrived yesterday at. the late scene of action ; and the Austrians are now surrounded, or at least cernee in their turn. One regiment of Grena- diers of the Guard is almost entirely destroyed.

"I have seen this morning between eight and ten, more than 100 carts full of wounded, and have met wounded crawling along the road. Among the captured Austrian guns there was a long 18-pounder with the date 1790 on it, and four others taken three days since. At this moment, ten a.m., [June 5,] a body of 15,000 Austrians are said to be surrounded by the French.

"Some Austrian prisoners have just passed, and a regiment of artillery has just moved up the road towards Magenta.

" The road presents a strange scene : cantinieres serving out wine to the men before mounting, the chasseurs saddling their horses and singing, a detachment of gendarmes falling in before marching, and all along the road the wounded coming in and the peasantry going to church.

"All this is written while the courier is waiting for his last orders, and I am standing at the carriage-door with the letter ready to give him."—Post Correspondent.

" The Hungarian cavalry are highly spoken of and they found fitting antagonists in the French artillery men,de la Garde Imperiale, who were not to be driven from their guns but were sabred at their posts. The wounded in these three recent battles have been moved in the direction of Milan from as far as Pavia ; and the Great Canal (Naviglio Grande), has spared these sufferers on both sides the jolting of land carriage—a benefit which was not probably foreseen by Leonardo da Vinci when he traced this great conduit through the heart of Lombardy at the first entrance of the French into Milan in 1499."—Globe.

Among the superior French officers killed at Magenta were Espinasse, the notorious Minister of the Interior who carried out the rigorous decrees whichfollowed the attempt of Orsini, and Cler, a gallant leader of the Zouaves. The body of General Espinasse (which was nearly out in twain by cannon shot, while the horse's head was clean whipped off) is to be conveyed for sepulture in the church of Les Invalides, where rest many marshals of the first empire, as well as Turenne and Vauban.

The Piedmontese Gazette states that, by a royal ordinance, Major-Gene- ral Cialdini has been promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General.

The Allies, says one writer, have more than 4000 Italian prisoners. They say they took the earliest opportunity to deliver themselves up to their countrymen and the French. The Italians were placed always in front, and threatened by Croatians generally in the rear if they did not fight well. Generals M'Mahon and Regnault de St. Jean d'Angely are created Mar- shals of France. General M`Mahon has received from the Emperor the title of Duc de Magenta.

A correspondent in the allied camp whose admirable letters find their way into the Times, writing on the 3d of June from Novara, said, "of course it is within the range of possibility that a battle should change tomorrow this state of things; but one cannot help in the mean time admiring the genius which conceived and the energy which executed this grand plan, by which the Austrians were forced to retreat beyond the Ticino without a battle. Only when the details of the movement are known will it be possible to ap- preciate it in all its grandeur. The way in which the masses of troops were thrown from one point to another was really astonishing, and one must al- ways keep in mind that there are no requisitions of any kind, that every- thing has to be provided beforehand, and then, likewise, that this is a country where one must keep to the great roads in the movement of armies. I need not say what confidence this steady advance causes in the chief ; the soldiers feel that it is a powerful hand and a clear head which direct them, and the whole is done with that air of mystery which is so imposing. No one except the Emperor himself knows what will be done the next moment. The order comes suddenly and unexpectedly ; not even those round him know anything beforehand, and everything is done far more quickly than it ever has been done with other armies, owing to telegraphs and railways. The clumsy system of field telegraphs compared with the electric wire, with which the country is covered as the Austrians quit it, is like the vettura of this country to the famous mail coaches which existed once in England. There is no danger of difficulties of ground, fogs, and other inconveniences; the furthest corps can receive a message in a minute, and execute the order immediately. But it is the railway which has done wonders in this war, and has not only equalled but surpassed the expectations formed of its as- sistance."

Vercelli, May 31.—" There were those who smiled at the idea of the Emperor taking the command of his army in person. They ought to have been on the spot, and seen the manner in which this magnificent army has been collected, provided with everything, protected against any possible at- tempt on the part of the enemy to disturb these preparations, and they ought to see now the manner in which this army is brought with unexampled.ra- pidity to the desiredpoint, and they would, I think, already forgetsuuling, for this is due to the Emperor himself; it is he who keeps everything - ther—he who directs and guides. One fact will tor show more tbabodn anyoftlunth:

else how he does this. Not more than four or tire days ago the y French army was echeloned from Voghera along the Po and to Alessandria, and thence to Valenza and Casale, and today this mass, with the exception of the Guards, has passed the Seals., and all this without confusion, without accident, and with such great skill that, until yesterday, the general im- pression was that the movement of the army would be quite in another di- rection—that is, towards the East."—Times.

M. Hadar, the most celebrated of French photographers, has left Paris on Tuesday this week, by invitation of the Minister of War, in order to prac- tice at the seat of war his newly-invented method of taking sun-pictures from a balloon. For this purpose large funds, as well as the assistance of a company of engineers, have been put at his disposition by a special order from head-quarters. M. Nader has tried already his system of taking pho- tographic sketches of districts of several square miles, in numerous ascents from the Paris Hippodrome, and it is said that the pictures thus obtained are not only most distinct, but, when viewed through a microscope, show the minutest details.

Horace Vernet likewise left Paris in the beginning of the month, for the special purpose of painting—" twenty feet by thirty" as rumour will have it—the battle of Montebello.