IRELAND.

Both from the North and South of Ireland the most gloomy accounts continue to be received as to the failure of the home-grown supply of food; and unless either food or work be immediately found for the people, " an outbreak" is spoken of as inevitable in the course of the next month.

The Irish Government has taken measures for giving effect to the recent "Act to Facilitate the Employment of the Labouring Poor for a limited period hi Distressed Districts in Ireland." The Dublin Gazette of the 4th instant contained proclamations by the Lord-Lieutenant for holding baronial sessions in various parts of the counties of Cork, Clare, Donegal, Gal- way, Mayo, Roscommon, Sligo, Tipperary, and Waterford, with a view to the commencement of public works in those districts.

The Dublin Gazette of the 8th also contains thirty-five additional pro- clamations for holding baronial sessions, in pursuance of the act, to be held in the counties of Clare, Cork (West Riding), Kerry, Tipperary, Wae terford, Galway, Leitrim, Mayo Roscommon, Sligo, Donegal, Kin' g's County, Longford, Meath, and Limerick.

An officer from the Board of Works, it is said, "will attend every baronial extraordinary session convened by proclamation this month."

The Mansionhouse Committee met on the 5th, to take their share in promoting the introduction of the new act. Lord Cloncurry occupied the chair; and was supported by Mr. O'Connell, the Very Reverend Dr. Flana- gan, Mr. Peirce Mahony, Dr. Gray, and other leading members. The following resolution, passed by a public meeting at the Music Hall on the previous Thursday, was carried unanimously- " That the Labour-rate Act; having only just come into operation, and the Government appearing to be conscious of the existing distress and impending famine, this Committee deem it right to wait, which they do in confident hope, the result of the Government measures under the act of Parliament; with the de- termination to take such active steps as they possibly can, should occasion re- quire, or should the statute not be sufficiently efficacious for the emergency."

Relief meetings have been held at Ballinasloe, Kells, and other places; but the suggestions as to practical measures have been both inconsistent and confused.

Mr. Trevelyan, Secretary of the Treasury, in a letter to Major Ludlow Beamish of Cork, says—" It has been determined to establish a reserve depot of Indian meal in West Carbery ; and I shall write to Sir R. Routh that the measure should be carried into effect without loss of time. We rely upon the merchants of Cork to lay in ample stores of Indian corn and other kinds of food for the supply of that city and the adjoining country, without any assistance from the Government; and our interference will be confined to remote districts, which cannot be expected to be provided for by the ordinary operations of trade."

A letter published in the Evening Mail of the 4th states, that an "anti.. rent war" has commenced in Tipperary; the object being, in the opinion of the writer, to ruin the landlords as a prelude to" fixity of tenure." "In divers parts of this district," says the letter, "since the harvest has been cut, some landlords and agents have thought it prudent to make, in certain in- stances, a distress on the crops of defaulting tenants. Previous to the respective sale-days appointed, written notices have been posted in each place of public re- sort for some miles around the vicinity of the place at which the sale was ad- vertised to take place, those notices being to inform the public that they are expected to attend to prevent a sale taking place. The consequence has been, that within the last week large multitudes have been assembled at the several places appointed, and have successfully, in these instances, prevented any sale taking place.

On Monday, the Mail published the following communication, from correspondent in Limerick, dated on the 6th instant—

"I fear much for the result of this year's distress. The countrype,ople around. here are determined, if they can, to prevent any corn being brought to market. They shot'. a horse coming in from the Clare side, that was laden with some for this market, yesterday. By what I hear, there is great excitement."

The Galway Mercury, a Repeal paper, contains this report, written at Banagher on the 3d: the conclusion is very naive—

"On Sunday last, notices were posted upon the door of the parish-chapel of Tiernascragh, and on the surrounding parish-chapels, commanding tenants to pay no rent, and warning landlords to demand none, or, if they did, at least until the people would he provided with food enough for a year, to mark the consequence; that they should not receive another intimation to the same effect, but that they would find the matter easily adjusted. How the adjustment may be construed cannot say, but I have my fears that it has somewhat of a physical force ten- dency."

Similar movements are reported to have taken place in Middletown, Eglish, Ballinglass, and Mountmisery—all in the county of Tipperary.

The Dublin Evening Mai/ of Monday made a strange announcement,. " A grand banquet is to be given to the demagogue [Mr. O'Connell] by Lord Besborough, on Thursday next, in commemoration of his abandon- ment of Repeal ; and Mr. George Roe and other anti-Repeal Whigs have been invited to meet the Liberator on the auspicious occasion."

The Dublin Pilot, one of Mr. O'Connell's most trusty journals, worships the rising sun of Besborough and the Whig-Repeal alliance. It had these remarks on Monday last- " Our publications, and those of some of our contemporaries, teem for the last week with addresses of congratulation and respect towards the Irish nobleman to whom has been intrusted the sceptre of this kingdom by our gracious Sovereign. Since Lord .Normanbris Viceroyalty, there have been no such indications of respect and regard as are in progress of manifestation towards the Earl of Besborough. The nature of the pubnc sentiment, however, towards each nobleman, is of a dif- ferent character. So are the men and the circumstances in which they are placed.* " The nomination of Lord Normanby to the Viceroyalty was resented as a defeat by one party, and hailed as a victory by the other." The Government which pre- ceded Lord Besborough's was ushered in with as ferocious a spirit of bigoted as- cendency as that which preceded Lord Normanby's. "Its commencement was also marked by as shameless a violation of the spirit of the Relief Bill as the worst of its Tory predecessors." " The Government of Sir Rebert Peel did not, towards its close, justify the hopes or fears of its commencement. Few acts indeed of amelioration can be claimed by Sir R. Peel for his government of Ireland. The somewhat slow, but still to a considerable degree adequate amelioration of the visitation on fetid, was the only actual measure of relief extended to this country by his Government. But what he wanted in actual measures of good government, he supplied in the avowal of good, new, and startling principles. Peel promulgated a new charter for Ireland, which virtually abrogated all the cherished principles of ascendancy, neglect, and oppression, upon which lie had elevated himself." "If Lord Besborough may not experience, nor, indeed, cultivate, the claptrap popularity of Lord Normanby, his accession to office will at least be divested of that bitter animosity which that nobleman had to encounter. Circumstances, or indeed, temperament, may not perhape prepare the way for the dramatic displayl which raised a shout for Lord Normanby: but the Earl of Besborongh may render his popularity of a more lasting and respected character. He may not indulge one day-in a gaol-delivery, but, on the other hand, he will not on the next be found giving the offices of the State to the most bitter enemies of his Government and principles." "The unfavourable circumstances before the present Irish Government are chiefly from the bold and broad principles of justice to Ireland promul- gated at the close of his administration by the late Premier. Whether sincere or insincere, Peel has promulgated truths which the Whigs must make facts. He has created expectations which it is for them to fulfil. They must bid with measures against Peel's professions. The general tendency of the popular mind in Ireland is, without compromising any principle of our own, to give the princi-

ples of the present Government a fair trial; to refuse no intermediate measure of relief, or amelioration, or of enlarged popular privileges; but" not to abandon Repeal—of course.

At the usual weekly meeting of the Repeal Association, on Monday, two ailArtiSSOS were read, approving of the "moral force" doctrines: of course they were entered on the minutes. One address, from the Corporation of Weterferd, was a general approval of Repeal as it is in O'Connell; winding up with gratitude to Mr. John O'Connell. The other was a set of resolu- tams, forwarded by the Roman Catholic Bishop of Clogber, which had been

to unanimously at a conference the clergy in the districts of reed ce geher, Enniskillen, Clones, and Monaghan. It is full of faith. One re- solution is reserved for the "odious Bequests Act and irrelious Colleges The Bishop also appends a sort of postscript-

" Besides the subjects comprised in our resolutions, some matters of the utmost importance regarding the National system of education engaged our most serious attention at our meetings; and although, in obedience to the instructions of the Seared Congregation, we abstain from publishing any resolution or discussion thereon, it may be right to state, that it is the unanimous prayer of the clergy that the Archbishops and Bishops of Ireland would, at their next general meet- leg, take the whole subject into their consideration, with the view of enforcing the conditions and recommendations on which the National system of education has been tolerated by the Holy See." Mr. O'Connell alluded to the differences with the "Young Ireland" party. He differed with them on the subject of the Infidel Colleges Bill, because the heads of the Holy Church, of which he was an unworthy member, disapproved of it; and he never attempted to disagree with them; for he knew that they could not be wrong.

In the speech of the day, Mr. O'Connell recurred to the all-engrossing topic of the failure in the potato crop— He hoped it would have no bad effect on the people, or drive them to crime in any locality. He would implore of them to commit no violence, and he would premise them food. The Government would feed them, and he would assist the Government: and, in order to do so, be would move, "That it be referred to the Canamittee to draw up and publish a short synopsis of the mode necessary to be adopted to procure relief from the Government in those districts where it was

ed."

e explaiued the nature of the act, and the manner of getting its pro- eisiens applied to any particular district; and, having stated that he be- lieved it was the intention of the Goveniment to do all in its power for Ireland, if allowed to do so, he repeated that he would support Ministers; belt still stated no concession or no remedy could supply the place of Re- peal. He then announced his intention of going to Darrynane in the course of the week, of writing to the Association every Monday, and preparing during his sojourn three bills, to be proposed next session, for the regenera- tion of Ireland. He also stated, that when he departed this world he hoped that the only epitaph engraved on his tombstone would be, "Here lies the man who obtained Repeal "; and if he did not live to see it carried, "Here Res the man who struggled all his life to obtain Repeal."

The rent was 143/.

Mr. O'Connell left Dublin on Wednesday, for Darrynane Abbey, to take his Customary autumnal relaxation.

A correspondence appears in the Nation of the 5th instant, between two Roman Catholic clergymen and Mr. Ray, on the " stoppage " of that newspaper by the Repeal Association. The Reverend John Kenyon begins by requesting a return of subscriptions to the Repeal rent which he had been the means of forwarding; saying that he does so in order "that we may provide ourselves with a paper"; and he adds, "if you do not choose to do this, I fear I shall be placed in the necessity of demanding back the entire subscription." Mr. Ray parries this demand by a reference to the " rules " of the Association " which do not authorize us to remit money in lieu of papers stopped." When more hotly pressed, he quotes the following pos- tage from Mr. Keuyon's original letter forwarding the remittance, as show- mg the unconditional nature of the contributions—" If your rules will arrant the return of any portion of this sum for the purpose of providing se newspaper, we are sufficiently poor to be willing to repeive it; but if not, you are welcome to the whole of it, with our blessing." The reverend gentleman, however, nothing daunted by this retort, concludes by stating hie intention to hand over his claim "to a solicitor."

The other correspondent, the Reverend Mr. Meehan, protesting against the stoppage of the Nation, is drily informed, that as he declines to acqui- esce in the principles upon which the Repeal Association is based, he no longer continues a member of that body.

The Nation is, perhaps unconsciously, turning King's evidence against Mr. O'Connell. It had been called on by Mr. O'Connell to explain what it meant by saying that in 1843 France had sent the people of Ireland offers of help and guidance, through M. Ledru Rollin' and "many a surer solace"? After asking the reader to throw back his recollection to 1843, it proceeds— "In that year the sympathy of France with Ireland was universal. Learn Rollin represented only the Republican party; but Lamartine, the Catholic orator and litterateur, set up a journal, called after this paper, La Nation, which took the warmest interest in Irish affairs. That journal, representing a solid and in- tiuentiel section of French opinion regarded the Irish struggle as one that might eventually assume a military character, and offered it French help and guidance. The same is true of many other French periodicals—and in France every respectable periodical represents men of influence and position. Here

• 'surer surer sources.'

"In the same year, this country (as appeared by the journals) was visited by adventurous young Frenchmen, who professedly came to observe what they con- eeived to be the nascent beginnings of a military struggle. Mr. O'Connell has some reason to recollect one French Marquis, who when he returned to Paris re- presented (doubtless untruly) that Mr. O'Connell gave him a copy of the cele- erased lines—

'Oh. Erin! will it e'er be mine To right thy wrongs in battle line?'

and SO forth, as his own composition; and told him the people of Ireland would precure arms for a struggle by disarming the soldiers. But, however one Mar- quis may have misrepresented Mr. O'Connell, these young Frenchmen were here; sad, it is believed, came with the same object that formerly brought them to Greece, Belgium, and Poland, and long ago to Spain, when Mr. Steele also was there as a sad, misled, physical-force Revolutionist. • • * Well here were ether surer sources. And mark, it does not affect this explanation, no matter how mistaken those young men may have been; we did not say, or hint, or indicate, that Ireland ought to avail herself of this help: we instanced these things simply to show that France regarded the movement as not without a certain military character."