_foreign anb riuNcE.—The proceedings in the National Assembly on Saturday

last were unusually interesting. M. Leon de Maleville, late Minister of Fo- reign Affairs, entered the tribune suddenly, to claim the attention of the Assembly on a personal matter. He said- " Since my withdrawal from the Ministry, there have appeared in various jour- nals most shameful calumnies against me. This morning a letter has been pub- lished which I cannot pass by in silence, since it has been signed by one of our colleagues. He did not come and ask a word of explanation from me before launching forth his attack. I have waited all day to ascend the tribune until he should be present. The following is a passage of the letter.

" ' I affirm, in the most absolute, the most positive, the most categorical manner, that there have been judicial documents of which not a trace rernaius in their proper place; and I accept all the responsibility of this assertion. I further declare, that if they are at present restored, I can prove, in the most peremptory manner, first, that their re- moval had taken place ; and second, that their restoration to their proper place is poste- rior to the withdrawal of M. de Malecille from the office of Minister of the Interior."

A Voice—" Signed by whom ? "

Id. de Maleville—" By Germain Sarrat. ("Ah, alt! " Agitation.) Such is the letter; and certainly I could never have supposed that in my political career, however modest my part might be, I should ever have to defend myself one day against the charge of being a purloiner of documents. I call on the member who signed that letter to come forward and explain what he means. But previously, I will disprove his assertions. The documents of the affairs of Boulogne and Strasburg have remained under the guard of the various Ministers of the Inte- rior, and are in perfect safety. It has been affirmed that some of them have been taken away. But here is a public act, signed by M. Hermann, the Secretary-Ge- neral of the department of the Interior, declaring that the documents with which the name of M. Louis Bonaparte has been mixed up were carefully placed aside in sixteen paper cases,' and sealed with the official seal. This act further gives an inventory of all the documents. This proceeding took place the very day that Id. Louis Bonaparte was proclaimed President of the Republic. Now, why did I take this precaution ; why did I provide myself with this act? Because, as these documents could be removed, I was unwilling to be in any way a party in such a transaction ; and I do not think that any Minister of the Interior could so fail in his duty as to allow documents to be taken away which belong to history and to the state. (Loud approbation.) But," continued M. de Maleville, raising his voice, and speaking with extraordinary animation and firmness, " in reply to such insinuations, I can affirm on my honour, in the face of the country, that whoever asserts that I, Maleville, Minister of the Interior, have touched thesepapers- have seen them—have removed any of them—whoever says anything of all this, basely lies. ( Tremendous cheering, again and again repeated.) I have nothing further to add on the subject; but there will always remain to me from this dis- cussion a most painful feeling—that of having been obliged to declare that I am neither a purloiner nor a forger. (" No! no! " Loud denial from every part of the Chamber.) I have been reproached with being ambitious: if I have been so, I at this moment deeply expiate that tendency." M. Leon Faucher, the Minister of the Interior, said—" The honour of M. de Maleville is not merely his own property, it is that of his colleagues and his suc- cessors. Each of the Ministers sitting on that bench comprehends his duty as M. de Maleville did. The documents of which he spoke are still under seal. I can declare to the Assembly that they will remain so, for we consider them as a public deposit, and as the property of the State." M. G. Sarrut—" I am perfectly calm after these passionate words. ("Oh, oh!") I repeat that I am perfectly calm." (Interruption.)

Amid considerable interruption, M. Sarrut proceeded to deny that he had at- tacked M. de Maleville. For some days, however, the journals bad pointedly al- luded to him, and therefore he wrote the letter, which he read as follows-

" In an article in your journal. entitled La Tribune et la Presse,' (an article which, I may say en passant, that I frilly approve of,) you express, relative to me and M . Bel- moutel, an old friend of M. Louis Napoleon, an opinion that we possess secret and im- portant information relative to the affair of Boulogne, still enveloped in mist. For my part, I waited with some impatience for the interpellations which were spoken of, and then my voice would not have made default to the truth; but I think that it belongs neither to M. Belmontel nor to me to open the breach of publicity, independently of M. Louis Bonaparte, without being officially called on to do so. In the same article you say, that the production of the judicial documents in their proper place :can take place. That circumstance I declare to be completely erroneous. I affirm, &c." (The remainder is the part quoted by M. de Maleville.] • " Is there," continued M. Sarrut, " in all that a word against M. de Maleville? Certainly not. My thoughts were never to attack him. What I affirm is, that a jugs d'instruction allowed a body of documents to be taken away, when they ought to remain in their place at the Palaie de Justice, and not elsewhere. I ask if it be not true that M. Pinard, Procureur of the Republic, replied, on the 16th Novem- ber last, to an avone, who demanded certain papers in the name of persons against whom the bill brought was ignored, that there remained no trace of them? I ask why the documents of the affair of 1839 have disappeared? Can it be that in that affair were compromised certain persons, the most highly placed in the social scale—an Emperor amongst the rest? (Great agitation.) This is not the first time that this allegation has been brought forward. You may remember that it was formerly put forth. How then is it that this affair left no trace behind? I will tell you: because we were betrayed—because the documents were sold. (Great agitation.) Do you suppose that the President of the Republic has not a right to- learn what persons then betrayed his confidence? Do you imagine that he is not entitled to know what took place?"

M. Odilon Barret declared—" If any former Government has taken on itself to remove judicial documents, in the puerile hope of disarming the judgment of his- tory on men and things, we cannot help it; but, as far as we are concerned, we shall never permit such an act."

M. Dupont (de Bussac) pressed M. de Maleville to explain the reasons of his withdrawing from the Ministry; and alluded to the reappointment of a person as secret agent of police who had served in that capacity in 1840.

M. Leon de Maleville answered—" I left the Cabinet from no personal differ- ence: a personal difference certainly did take place, but it was repaired in the most generous manner, with the greatest readiness; but I thought that the con- fidence which was necessary to exist between the President and one of his Mims- ters ought not to have been shaken, and I in consequence withdrew. A refusal to communicate the sixteen cases of documents has been spoken of; but nothing was refused except having them removed." " But you know how the sixteen cartons of documents became a public scandal. I am answerable for the public security and the general police of the kingdom- [" Of:the Republic."]—and being answerable for the general police of the re- public, it is proper that I should choose as agent the man whom experience had made known to me. But there are certain flatterers who gathered much quicker than I had expected. The republic has its own flatterers. (Laughter.) Some of these officious persons came and said, Your Minister has displaced me ! I come to do you a good service: there are some cartons—there are some documents which interest the self-love of the chief of the State,' &c. I was called upon to communicate those documents: I never refused communicating them, but only their displacement. However, I declare that the demand of those documents was not the cause of my withdrawal."

M. Dupont (de Bassac)—" M. de Maleville has spoken of flatterers encumber- ing the antechambers of the Elysee: the President has an interest to ascertain if amongst them may not be the men who betrayed him in 1840." (Applause on the Left; agitation.)

M. Leon Faucher, Minister of the Interior—" The interpellations are intended to divide, to sow discord, to weaken on the one side the deference and on the other the confidence necessary to the accord between the President and his Minis- ters. The Ministers will disappoint that expectation. Whenever the President demands any information from the Ministry, the Ministry will consider it its duty to afford it, even when not legally imperative." The order of the day was then pronounced, and "the sitting was closed amidst extraordinary agitation."

[The drift of this curious scene does not appear on a cursory perusal. It will be observed, that although M. Sarrut disclaims the having referred in his letter to the documents of 1940, (the Boulogne affair,) and imputes the abstraction of the documents of 1839 to a juge d'instruction, he does seem to persevere in insinuating two constructive charges against M. de Maleville, who was Under-Secretary in 1840. The Bonapartist conspira- tors had been in prison for some months when the Boulogne affair occurred: it was obviously desirable for the dynasty to suppress evidence of a popular feeling in favour of the Bonaparte family: the prisoners were released, and the documents relating to the affair of 1839 disappeared. A perusal of the documents relating to the Boulogne affair would have exhibited to Presi- dent Louis Napoleon, his Minister de Maleville acting for the Crown in 1840, with the same man that is now reappointed secret agent of police. M. Dupont (de Bussac) insinuates this charge more explicitly. M. de Male- ville's vindication of his police appointment is very curious; so is the state- ment that his colleagues, still in office, continue to keep guard over the documents of Strasburg and Boulogne.] La Patric has published the letter written by President Napoleon to M. Leon de Melville, which gave such umbrage to the latter as to cause his resignation.

"Elvee, Dec. 27, 1848.

"Monsieur he Ministre—I have asked the Prefect of Police if he did not some- times receive reports on diplomacy: he replied affirmatively, and added that he yesterday transmitted to you copies of a despatch on Italy. These despatches, you understand, ought to be sent to me immediately; and I must express to you my dissatisfaction at year delay in communicating them. also request you to send me the sixteen boxes of papers that I have asked for. I wish to have them on Thursday. [The documents on the affairs of Stras- burg and Boulogne.] I do not understand why the Minister of the Interior should wish to copy the articles which are personal to me. This was not done under Louis Philippe, and should not now be done.

" For some days I have received no telegraphic despatches. In short, I per ceive that the Ministers that I have named would treat me as if the famous Con- stitution of Sieyes was in force ; but I will not suffer it.

"Receive, Monsieur le Ministre, &c. L. N. BONAPARTE.

"P.S.—I forgot to say, that there are at St. Lazare eighty women under arrest, of whom only one has yet been brought before the Council of War. Let me know if I have the power to set them at liberty; for if so, I will instantly give orders to that effect.

In the Assembly, on Monday, M. Baune elicited a brief reply from M. Drouyn de Lhuys, the Foreign Minister, to interpellations on Italian policy.

The Minister declared that the negotiations were actively and seriously com- menced, notwithstanding the assertion of N. Brame to the contrary. The Con- gress for the mediation would certainly take place; and the present Cabinet, like its predecessors, would endeavour to have the question of Italy settled by pacific means. But until the negotiations had gone farther, the Government would ob- serve the greatest reserve in its language. He reminded the Assembly, that the Provisional Government had inaugurated two systems of policy—the one an open and pacific one, the other an underhand policy of agitation. The present Cabinet would follow out the fleet, and would never descend to the second.

This allusion brought M. Lamartine to the tribune, with a short but eloquent defence of the foreign policy of the Provisional Government.

A very general movement has sprang up to urge the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly; which body is becoming extremely unpopular.: Theprovinces are moving with activity, and it is even feared that some demonstrations may take place if the public feeling be contumaciously op- posed. The following is part of a petition from the department of the Cher- " We appeal to your conscience. You no longer possess the confidence of the country, because you usurp powers which it did not confer on you. The nation, when it elected you to frame a constitution, did not consider it necessary to seek for qualities in you suited for members of a Legislative Assembly. It is to your opinions chiefly that many of you owe your election. It requires practical men to frame organic laws; and certainly but few of the commissaries who were sent to the departments, and who were elected deputies, had the advantage of a know- ledge of civil or administrative law. A Chamber appointed during the fever of a revolution cannot correspond with the necessities of the country when passions are calm and it becomes necessary to restore public credit. At present it becomes necessary to supply the capacity in which you are deficient by the suffrage of the electors, who believe that you are but ill, qualified to execute the commission in- trusted to you. We address you with the candour which belongs to good citizens when we hold this language. You can no longer do any good. Be so patriotic as to withdraw."

The friends of the Assembly contend that the mandate of the French nation to found a Republic will not have been complied with till the organic laws have been passed. Their fear is that a new election would be dis- astrous to Republicanism, or at least injurious in its influence on the for- mation of the organic laws.

General Leflo, Envoy Extraordinary at St. Petersburg, and M. Emanuel Arago, Minister at Berlin, have sent in their resignation to the Minister of Foreign Affairs.

STAIN.—In the Cortes on the 3d instant,' Seiler Cortina introduced the subject of the broken relations with this country. He reviewed the whole dispute with Sir Henry Bulwer; gave an opinion in favour of the English case; and hinted to the Government that its withdrawal would be a pa- triotic service, in aid of an attempt at a reconciliation of the two nations. Senor Pidal replied. He studiously drew a distinction between the English Government and the English Nation, and affirmed that Spaniards had no quarrel with the latter. He justified the Spanish Government in general terms, though not unhesitatingly, and declined to renew contro- versy on the subject.

ITALY.—The Roman Chambers were dissolved on the 29th December, and the proclamation convening the Constituent Assembly was probably issued on the 30th.

" Yesterday evening [the 29th], at sunset, the castle of St. Angelo, by the con- secutive discharge of one hundred and one great guns, announced to this metropolis and the world in general, that the dynasty which had reigned over Rome for a thousand and forty-eight years has come to a close, and a new government is to be called into being by the mandate of the whole population assembled in a constituent representative body by universal suffrage. The great bell of the Capi- tol, which only tolls for the death of a Pope, pealed solemnly. It was exactly on the 24th November (the fatal night of the flight of Pio Nono) that, in the year of our Lord 800, Charlemagne arrived in Rome to be crowned on Christmas-day of that year by Leo III., and to institute and formally corroborate the donation of Pepin by the erection of the Papal sovereignty."—Roman Correspondent of the Daily News.

The Roman administration have announced their readiness to pay the national creditor in full. The dividends will be met with punctuality in January. It was reported on the 29th, that Count Mamiani was dying. A letter from Garibaldi to his brother, dated the 26th December, and published in the Pensiero Italian of Genoa, informs him that his legion has been taken into the pay of the Roman Government, and that he has been named Lieutenant-Colonel, with orders to garrison Fermo. The Provisional Government of Venice has issued a decree, establishing a permanent Assembly of the representatives of the state of Venice, with the power of deciding upon everything relating to the interior or exterior condition of the state. The representatives are elected by direct universal suffrage, in proportion to the population of 1 to 1,500.

AUSTRIA.—The news from the seat of war is scanty and indefinite. The Ban Jellachich has had an engagement with General Perozel, and obtained advantages—captured guns and prisoners; but he did not succeed in his object of preventing the march of General Perozel's forces towards the main body of the Hungarian& It appears too, that the Ban was unwilling to at- tack, though the force he engaged was but 9,000 men and his own army is 23,000. He only attacked when he found that reinforcements would not arrive in time. It was stated in Vienna on the 5th, that Prince Windisch- griitz had arrived at Bia, about twelve miles from Perth; and that a depu- tation from the Hungarian Parliament had waited on him.

CAPE OF Goon HorE.—Advices from the Cape to the 16th November have arrived in London. At the meeting of the Legislative Council, on the 31st October, Sir Harry Smith stated that orders had been given by Earl Grey to stop emigration to the colony; orders which Sir Harry attri- buted to misconception, and he had represented the necessity of allowing the immigration-vote passed by the Council. He also informed the Council that Earl Grey had proffered a renewal of convict-transportation to the colony, "if the colonists were willing to receive men with tickets of leave."

WEST INDIES AND SOUTH Asiunics.—The West India mail-steamer Thames arrived at Southampton on Saturday, with papers from Jamaica to the Sib, Tobago and Trinidad to the 7th, Barbados to the 10th, St. Lucia to the 11th, Dominica and Antigua to the 12th, and St. Thomas to the 15th December.

The accounts from Jamaica are of importance. On the 6th December the Assembly went into Committee on the state of the island; when Mr. Osborne submitted resolutions respecting the loan proffered by the British Government. After a very lengthened debate, during which several amend- ments were proposed, the resolution which had been prepared by Mr. Whitelock in Committee was adopted—that " the terms on which the loan is offered by the Imperial Parliament, under the provisions of the 11th Victoria, chap. 130, rendered it unadvisable for the House to accept of the proffered aid."

On the same day, Mr. Jordan presented a report from the Retrenchment Committee, showing the state of the public revenue, the expenditure of the island, the prospect of a diminished exchequer. For the last two years the expenditure had exceeded the revenue by nearly sixty thousand pounds each year. The Committee saw no means of equalizing the expenditure to the revenue of the island but by a revision of its institutions; and ap- plied to the House for instruction. After long discussion, the House re- solved, that the report. :and documents should be printed for circulation. Also, " That the Committee be forthwith instructed to consider the mode of equalizing the expenditure with the revenue of the island." Dr. Spalding obtained the appointment of a Committee of the House, • - . . " to take into consideration the best mode of applying to the British Parliament for further compensation for the losses sustained by the owners of property by the abolition of slavery, and also for compensation for injuries sus- tained by the unfair competition to which the proprietors of estates in Jamaica had been exposed by the Sugar-duties Bill of 1846." Sir Charles Grey's proposal for the establishment of an island bank for advances on agricultural produce, met with more favour than the loan pro- position; and the Committee of the Assembly appointed to consider its practicability had reported favourably on the subject. The following pa- ragraph of their report explains their views-

" Could a hank be established, with a moderate capital, having for its object the general welfare, rather than the exaction of large profits from business now quite unable to afford them, important relief might be obtained with little risk of loss or inconvenience. It appears, furthermore, that the agency requisite for Such an institution might be available to afford increasing facilities for keepinig the public accounts and diminishing the heavy cost of the Receiver-General s office. The saving on this item alone would, to a great extent, cover the coat to the public of the capital that might be required for the bank.

" The prevalence of enormously usurious transactions, which are rapidly ab- sorbing the small remaining strength of the community, would be checked, and the discounts and exchanges at all times regulated." On the 5th December, the House unanimously adopted a series of reso- lutions moved by Dr. Spalding, expressing deep regret at the death of Lord George Bentinck. Dr. Spalding also moved votes of thanks to Lord Stanley, Sir John Pakington, and Mr. Disraeli; but, at the request of his colleagues, he withdrew the last motion, although he thought Mr. Disraeli would be disappointed. Mr. Whitelock thought the mover had taken the wrong way to do the thing- " If Mr. Disraeli had exposed the proceedings of Lord Grey, and the honour- able Member wished to take any notice of it, the best way would be to pro= vote of censure upon that nobleman; it would be far preferable to a vote of to Mr. Disraeli, who had not yet had his price offered him." Jamaica was still unhealthy. There had been several deaths of notice- able persons. At Barbados, there had been great mortality from yellow fever amongst the troops in St. Anne's barracks. The soldiers had almost all been re- moved to tents in consequence. Captain Ross, his wife, and three children, were all buried within twenty-four hours. The crew of the Conway had also been attacked.

St. Lucia letters state that Governor Darling's health had not been restored, and that he had been obliged to leave Castries for Pigeon Island.

When the Guiana mail was despatched, on the 8th of December, the colonists were still ignorant of the appointment of Governor Barkly. The Court of Policy and the Combined Court were in abeyance. The distress among the planters was extreme. Wages had been generally reduced, but were still complained of as too high. " Proprietors," says the Royal Ga- zette, " have for the most part no other means of carrying on their opera- tions than by raising money for the moment by the disposal of bills, to which bills of lading are attached." " On the 29th November, a meet: ing of planters, merchants, and others interested in the colony, was held, and resolutions were unanimously adopted as the basis of a petition to be presented to both Houses of Parliament, complaining of the unparalleled depression of the Colonial interests, and earnestly praying for prompt and effective relief to the sugar-planters."

UNITED STATES.—The Niagara steam ship arrived at Liverpool on Mon- day night; with dates from New York to the 26th, Boston to the 27th, and Halifax to the 29th December.

The Slavery topic continued to be much discussed. In the House of Representatives, on the 21st December, Mr. Gott moved a resolution- " That the traffic in human beings as chattels, now prosecuted within this me- tropolis of the Republic, is contrary to natural justice, to the fundamental prin- ciple of our political system,. and is a notorious reproach to our country through- out Christendom, and a serious hindrance to the progress of Republican Bert, among the nations of the earth: therefore, that the Committee on the District of Columbia be instructed to bring in, as soon as practicable, a bill prohibiting the slave-trade in the said district."

A warm discussion arose; and Mr. Harrelson moved that the resolution lie on the table: his motion was negatived, by 85 to 82. Mr. Gott's original resolution was then carried, by the increased majority of 98 to 87. Much confusion followed the passage of this anti-slavery resolution; and so high was the excitement, that Mr. Holmes, of South Carolina, suggested that the members from that State should vacate their seats, and at once withdraw from the House. This produced laughter and ironical cheers from most of the Northern members, and counter-cheers from most of the Southern.

These proceedings attracted the attention of the Senate; and the South- ern Senators and Representatives held a " caucus " in the Senate-chamber, to deliberate on a course. Reporters were excluded, and different ac- counts speak contrarily of the spirit in which the debate was conducted. One account says that " Mr. Calhoun urged defiance and resistance to the North and the Federative Government, and advocated an instant memorial to the people of the Union." Another account states that the speeches "were moderate and in good taste; and the Southern members were advised to assume an attitude which shall command the respect, and not inflame the resentment, of their Northern brethren.' " Resolutions were passed, appointing a Committee of one from each Southern State, "to prepare an address, and report on the 15th January next, on the best measures to be adopted for their (the Southern States) common safety." Senator Douglas had moved a resolution to inquire into the expediency of retroceding the whole district of Columbia to the State of Maryland, except only so much of the land as is occupied by Government buildings. His resolution was adopted, and would probably be debated about the middle of January. The cholera was extending into the interior. At New Orleans it was most severe; and such was the alarm, that the sittings of the Legislature of Louisiana bad been abandoned and terminated by the flight of many of the members. According to the New York Herald, the " gold-fever" had somewhat abated; men were scanning the immense difficulties of transit, were hesi- tating, and in many instances were abandoning the intention to emigrate. Other accounts describe the mania as still raging in unabated violence. Another official letter is quoted by the papers—written by Captain J. S. Folsom, of the Quartermaster's Office, San Francisco, in September last; and its statements appear truthful. This is an extract-

" For some time last summer, the officers at Monterey were entirely without servants; and the Governor (Colonel Mason) actually took his tarn in cooking for his mess. All sorts of labour is got at enormous rates of compensation. Com- mon clerks and salesmen in the stores about town often received as high as 2,500 dollars and their board. The clerk now in my office is a young boy, who until a few weeks since was a private of volunteers, and I am now paying him 1,500 dol- lars per annum. This will not appear high, when I tell you that I have just seen upon his table a wash-bill made out and paid, at the rate of 8 dollars per dozen, and that almost everything else is at corresponding prices. The principal waiter in the hotel where I board is paid 1,700 dollars per year, and several others from 1,200 dollars to 1,500 dollars ! I fortunately have an Indian boy, or I should be forced to clean my own boots, for I could not employ a good body-servant for the full amount of my salary as a Government officer. It will be impossible for any army officer to live here upon his pay, without becoming rapidly impoverished. . . . At the same time, everything is high in proportion. Butter sells by the barrel at 1 dollar per pound, and hams at the same price ; flour is 25 dollars per barrel, and pilot bread 40 cents per pound. For the last three pairs of boots I have had, I have paid respectively 18 dollars, 14 dollars, and 12 dollars per pair. Other things are at corresponding prices in this place, but at the mines every- thing is much higher. Flour and pork vary in the mines from 10 dollars to 200 dollars per barrel. Common shoes, worth in Boston about 75 cents per pair, sell at 8 dollars or even 12 dollars per pair. There is a kind of recklessness about these prices which would be sought after in vain in any other part of the world.

"I have written you at great length as to the gold; and since the date of that letter other and richer mines have been discovered. Rich silver mines are known to exist in various parts of the country, but they are not worked. Quicksilver mines are found at innumerable places, and many of them afford the richest ores. The new Almaden mine at Santa Clara gives the richest ore of which we have any accounts. With very imperfect machinery, it yields upwards of 50 per cent ; and the proprietors are now working it, and are preparing to quadruple their force. Iron, copper, lead, tin, sulphur, zinc, platinum, cobalt, &c., are said to be found in abundance, and most of them are known to exist in various sections of the country.

"Large fortunes will be made here within the ensuing year, and I am told that there are some hundreds of persons who have already made on an average 25,000 dollars each. Whole cargoes of goods are sold at an average of about 150 per cent clear profit, and ready pay in gold-dust. When I came to this place, I expended a few hundred dollars in waste lots, covered with bushes and sand-hills. The chapter of events which has followed is likely to make this property quite valuable if I am able to look after it. What cost me less than 800 dollars, I sup- pose I could now sell for 8,000 dollars, or perhaps 10,000 dollars. It is this con- sideration which makes me willing to return to a country where my salary is in- sufficient for my support."

The following extract does not concur with the passages from Colonel Mason's report which we lately quoted, and which pictured the remarkably peaceable character of the gold-seeking population-

" Something should be done here at once for the establishment of peace and good order in the country. All law, both civil and military, is at an end. Among the mines, and indeed most parts of the country out of the villages, no authority but that of the strongest exists; and outrages of the most disgraceful nature are constantly occurring, and the offenders go unpunished. There are now about twenty-five vessels in this port, and I believe there is not one of them that has a crew to go to sea. Frequently the sailors arm themselves, take the ship's boats, and leave in the most open manner, defying both their officers and the civil magistrates."

Another letter mentions some warning facts-

" Thousands are flocking to California from the Sandwich Islands. I am sorrrryy to find, from several letters received at New Orleans, that gambling and drinking have already become prevalent among the gold-washers ; also that many deaths had occurred, but that the seekers were so intently occupied that the bodies remained without burial."

An Albany journal states that splendid imitations of California gold Were manufactured in that city out of brass filings and sand, for the pur- pose of cheating " the greenhorns from the States on their first arrival in those diggings."