jroreign anti Colonial.

Faxes.—The Chamber of Peers brought its business to a close on Saturday, by passing the Loan Bill and the Budget of Receipts. On Mon- day the two Chambers met to hear read the royal ordinance which closes the session.

The Moniteur of Wednesday promulgates a law authorizing the Minister of Finance to negotiate a loan of 350,000,000 francs. At the final sitting of the Chamber of Peers, on Saturday, M. Damon explained the necessity for this measure as arising from the obligation to provide for great public works— The burden thrown upon the state funds of 1840 and 1841, by the grave poli- tical events of 1840, had rendered it impossible that the network of railroads could be executed out of the ordinary resources. It was indeed hoped, that in 1842 the sinking-fund reserves would have provided for all the expenses; but this expectation had not been fulfilled, in spite of the continued increase of the indirect revenue. The sinking-fund's reserves were absorbed in 1843 by the great public expenses of that year. In 1844 the equilibrium of the budget was at length obtained; huts deficit soon manifested itself, owing to the devastation of some of the provinces in 1846, and to the insufficiency of the harvest. That deficit had acted in 1847, Ind would perhaps act even in 1848.

The same journal publishes the estimates for 1848. The ordinary ex- penditure is fixed at 1,361,681,670 francs, the extraordinary expenditure at 84,528,500 francs, and the miscellaneous expenditure at 22,333,592 francs. The ways and means are calculated at 1,391,276,510 francs; the special supplies at 21,283,592 francs, special supplies for the departmental service at 94,969,050 francs, and those for the colonies at 22,861,175 francs.

The Journal des Debats alludes to M. Guizot's recent declaration respect- ing Pope Pins the Ninth, in a manner which goes to confirm the implied opinion,conveyed in that speech-

" This," says the writer, "is the first time that the reforms of Italy have been officially mentioned in the tribune." "We have no doubt that this magnificent reply of M. Gnizot to all the absurd rumours and calumnies which have been disseminated relative to the action of French diplomacy in Italy will be received with enthusiasm beyond the Alps. France will behold there a first and great ap- plication of the well-known words—' All parties promise progress; the Conserva- tive one alone can effect it.'"

The Constitutionnel sums up the moral results— "The session closed yesterday. Peers and Deputies separate, discontented with the Government and themselves, after a session that they would be happy to call only sterile, but which they know has borne the most detestable fruits. In vain does the majority endeavour to deceive itself with better hopes, and to believe that at its return all will be effaced or forgotten. Everybody at the bottom of his heart feels the certainty that the present evil is immense, and that the Ministerial future does not show itself under a more favourable aspect. The faults which have been committed within the last seven years are so great that they have not yet produced all their sad results. Abroad, one may fear in Spain a divorce or an abdication of the Queen; which would immediately raise the question of the succession of the Duke de Montpensier, and put Europe in flames. In England, the discontent against the French Government is no longer a passion; it is much worse—it is the foreign policy of Great Britain deliberately accepted by all statesmen. Greece, our ally, is still placed in the alternative of a humiliation or a conflict. We may fear civil war in Switzer- land, an Austrian intervention in Italy. We do not speak of the difficulties which Abd-el-Kadsr may excite against us on the side of Morocco. Our beat chances are, then, the stattts quo. In the interior, the Government remains couched under an immense disconsideration: each of the Chambers, rightly, or wrongly, thinks more on this point than it has said. The self-interest of private individuals has had the most deplorable effects on things as on opi- nions. M. Dumon, who has promised admirable finances for the next session, does not know what to do: he has at once to supply the deficit and diminish the re- ceipts. The Minister of Foreign Affairs has pledged himself against all political reform; and fancies that he withdraws himself from embarrassment by decorating with the name of reform some old bills which have been presented every year for a long time. The Ministers themselves are discouraged, and know not on what side to turn their efforts. When the Cabinet thinks of retiring, it is restrained by the fear of going out by too bad a door, under the inflaence of the public sen- timent which manifests itself at this moment. Thus even the blame of public opinion becomes for it a motive to attach itself to power. Such is the way in which the session terminates; such the consequences of two acts which the Ministers cannot repair—the Spanish marriages, the corruption practised in the elections. It is from them that abroad every event is perilous, and at home every private scandal takes in people's minds a political character. A year ago, the Government had the English alliance, with a Liberal Ministry in England; that is to say, the means of saving Poland, of serving the cause of nations, of rendering glo- rious and profitable to France all the progress which liberty makes in Europe, and which is accomplished against us. It had also a Parliamentary majority inclmuin towards Liberal ideas; that is to say, the means of sincerely accomplishing politi- cal reforms, which are not less good and useful because they arc demanded by the Opposition. What use has it made of all that?" The King, Queen, Princess Adelaide, and the Duke and Dutchess de Nemours and their children, left Neuilly, on Tuesday, for the Chateau d'Eu. At the St. Denis station of the Northern Railroad, they were re- ceived by Baron de Rothschild and the members of the Board of Directors, the Sub-Prefect, and the civil and military authorities of St. Denis. On arriving at Amiens his Majesty found the National Guard and the troops of the garrison under arms, and passed them in review. The royal cortege afterwards proceeded by the Boulogne Railroad to Abbeville; and reached the Chateau d'Eu at half-past five o'clock in the evening. The Princess de Joinville and the Dutchess d'Aumale remained at the Tuileries. The ad- vanced state of pregnancy of the Dutchess d'Autnale did not permit her to travel, and the Princess de Joinville was expecting her husband, who is in- disposed. The National states, that it was generally remarked by all those present at the Northern Railroad station on the arrival there of the King of the French on Tuesday, that his Majesty appeared unwell and dejected. He was obliged, contrary to his usual habit, to support himself on a walking- stick iii passing from his private carriage to the railroad train. The 'statue of the Duke of Orleans at St. Omer was inaugurated on the 8th, with much pomp.

M. Parmentier has appealed to the Cour Royale against the judgment of the Correctional Tribune, on the 7th May, rejecting his claim upon

General Cubieres and five other persons of no note, for the payment of 2,000,000 francs, on account of 2,000 shares in the mines of Gouhenans which they had agreed to take.

SwirznaLatio.—Letters from Berne, of the 6th instant, mention that the report of the Committee of seven on the hostile preparations of the leagued Cantons had been sent in, and had been placed on the orders of the day for the next sitting, on the 9th of August. The report, after giving the details of the measures brought before the Committee, recommends that the Cantons of the Sunderbund be immediately required to suspend the measures which they are taking; and that the authorities of Tessino shall be authorized to retain certain munitions of war which they stopped in their progress to the insurgent Cantons. Ono letter affirms that the Vorort, anticipating the decision of the Diet, are establishing depots of arms and munitions on different parts of the frontier.

Paussia.—The King's reply to the petitions of the Diet has been pub- lished at Berlin, of date the 24th July. To the demand for an extension of publicity in oral proceedings in the criminal courts his Majesty answers- " We have charged our Minister of Justice to take the necessary steps to introduce such method of proceedings in all the criminal courts of the pro- vinces, with due regard to the circumstances of any particular province, and with the addition of any advantages gained by experience during the interval." Five other paragraphs follow, which relate entirely to mat- ters of local interest. It is to be observed that no reply whatever has been vouchsafed to the political petitions: thus, the petitions demanding a revi- sion of the letters patent of the 3d February, and others, are passed over in silence.

The Prussian State Gazette of the 5th publishes the law, passed by the Diet and approved of by the King, removing several of the civil disabilities under which the Jews of Prussia have hitherto suffered. The principal ex- ceptions are, that they arc still excluded from the representation, from judi- cial situations, and from educational offices, save those connected with natural science.

HERMANT.—The trial of Polish prisoners implicated in the insurrection in Posen, which commenced on the 2d instant, at Berlin, has been con- tinued at considerable length. The prisoners, in number about two hundred, occupied five benches in the centre of the court. The tri- bunal was presided over by M. Koch, aided by seven judges and seve- ral assessors; the public prosecutor being M. Wentzel. Many lawyers from Posen had been called in to assist, by reason of their being practised in the Polish language. On coining into court, the prisoners themselves were greatly moved, many of them embracing each other after their long captivity. The first arraigned was Louis Miroslawski. When the act of accusation was read, he admitted its substantial correctness. On giving his defence, he asked to be allowed to speak hi French; but this being objected to he spoke in Polish. Although M. Wentzel did not understand Polish, he objected to the defence as "prolix"; and, in spite of a protest on the part of the prisoners' counsel, the interpreter had orders from the Court to state generally what Miroslawski had said, COLIfining himself to the wean- tial points. The prisoner, it appeared, had contended that the principles of the Democratic society to which he belonged were not correctly set forth in the accusation— It did not give a definition of communism. Communism being an utopia, he said, it would have been necessary, in order to show what the communism of the society really was' that its project should succeed. The society did not demand a democracy such as that insinuated by the act of accusation. It desired neither a revolt nor anarchy, but its object was the independence of the people; an object only to be obtained by a dictature. The revolution was only to be presented to the people as an ideal one. Therefore there could be no real conspiracy.

At the close of the defence, a protest was made on behalf of all the ac- cused against the proceedings, particularly against the garbled translations. To the interrogatory the prisoner replied, that though the first movement was to have taken place at Posen, the principal aim of the association was against Russia, not Prussia. The trial of the second prisoner, Wladislaus Eusebnis von Realm:1cl, was disposed of on the 3d.

Imur.—The latest accounts from the Papal States describe the most perfect tranquillity as existing in Rome. This was attributed to the wise and loyal course adopted by Cardinal Ferretti, the temporary Governor Morandi, and the authorities generally, as well as to the admirable conduct of the people: as if by magic, they had become like veteran soldiers, so admirably did they perform the duties of a national guard, even to the nicest military manceuvre. The number of prisoners implicated in the conspiracy was increasing: as many as eighty were confined in the Castle of St. Angelo. Among them were Colonel Freddi and Captain Alai, cap- tured at Camerata on the frontier of Naples. The disclosures of the Cava- Here [not Cardinal] Minardi had led to the arrest of several persons pre- viously unsuspected. The Pro-Governor Morandi has issued a proclamation in which he en- treats the people to abstain from the use of clandestine presses, and assures them that he is occupied with unwearied activity in prosecuting the inves- tigation respecting the late events. It would appear that the Pope shared the opinion entertained by the people that the Jesuits are hostile to his policy; for on the ilst July, the day for the festival of St. Ignatius, on which it has been the immemorial custom of Pontiffs to assist at the religious ceremonies, his Holiness ab- stained from taking any part in the celebration.

According to the Augsburg Gazette, the troops ordered to march from the Austrian dominions towards the Italian frontier have been countermanded. The cause of this is not given; but the the different regiments were to re- main ready for marching at a moment's notice.

The Cardinal Secretary of State had selected, from the lists presented by the Governors of the different provinces, the deputies who are to assem- ble at Rome on the 5th November, to make known to the Pope the wishes and wants of the provinces. Twenty-three deputies have been thus ap- pointed,—two for the city of Rome and one for its suburbs two for Bo- logna, and one for each of the eighteen provinces, namely, Ferrara, Forli, Ravenna, Urbino and Pesaro, Velletri Ancona, Macerate, Carnering Fermo, Ascoli Peruggia, Spoleto, Rieto;Viterbo, Orvieto, Civita Vecchia, Frosinone, and Benevento. The Roman deputies are Prince Barberini, Signor Vanntelli' and Signor Lannti.

The Pope had adopted the helmet, instead of the shako, for the National Guard, because it was worn by the old Romans. The other parts of the nutiform also resemble as much as possible the ancient costume.

Letters from Naples state that the bands of robbers in Calabria have ineteased to a most alarming extent. The Government has sent eight thohsand men into the country to put them down, and five thousand into the Abruzzi.

Srane.—The Queen left La Granja on the 4th instant, for Paular; where she-continued hunting and giving parties to shoot deer; severely testing the horsemanship of her courtiers by her own bold riding. A mysterious letter is mentioned as having been received from the Datehess de Montpensier, of so great moment that the Duke de Glucksberg deemed it necessary to- deliver it into Queen Isabella's own hands. The contents are not known, but it was remarked that soon after receiving it she talked of abdication.

royal decree has been published in the Gazette for regulating the orders of knighthood and reforming their statutes. By the 19th article, the rank of noble, and proof of noble descent, which were required as es- sential conditions to be admitted as a member of these orders, are dispensed 'filth. The portion of the preamble of the decree which refers to this Change is couched in highly significant language-

- " The actual laws do not recognize hidalgia (noble birth) as a distinction, do not give rights to persons of noble birth which are not possessed by the rest of the community, and cannot sanction the existence of a chartered distinction of classes in the nation. The order of St. John ought not to be given to all; and since we desire its preservation as an aristocratic recollection, it was natural, it was right, it WU just, that it should be only conferred upon persons who might be legiti- mately called the aristocracy of our time—not aristocracy exclusively of birth, but aristocracy of merit, of services, of position, of esteem, and public opinion."

.¬her royal decree suppresses customhouses in the interior.

The subjoined pasquinade was found in the streets of Madrid on the Morning of the 4th instant, affixed to the walls of several houses. It was itaMediately torn down; and strict orders were issued that it should not be communicated to any one-

" El Rey en el Pardo, Is Reins demand°.

Y nuestro Montemolin avanzando."

" The King at the Pardo, the Queen a-dancing, And our Montemolin advancing."

The Carlist insurrection in the North seems gradually spreading; the warfare being conducted on both sides with great barbarity. Desertion to a serious extent on the part of the Queen's troops is spoken of. At Par- thus, a whole company of light infantry, with its officers, went over to the insurgents, in the latter end of July.

Ponrucet.—Intelligence has been received from Lisbon to the 4th instant.

The decree suspending the constitution was revoked on the let instant; SO that all constitutional privileges are now fully restored. The Ministry bad not yet been dismissed; but an immediate change was anticipated. The submission of the Oporto Junta had its due effect in Madeira. The Revedationary authorities of that island promptly returned to their alle- giance, and the deposed officials were reinstated on the 26th July. The Change was received with the utmost delight; the town of Funchal being tly illuminated. At St. Michael's also, the Queen's authority had peoognized. Anglia- CAPE OF GOOD Honm—There are two sets of advicee from Cape Town; one to the 3d, and the other to the lath of June. By the former we learn, that Sir Henry Pottinger was at Fort Peddle, though suffering from a se- vere attack of illness. The war in Kafirland is spoken of as at an end. The later intelligence contains no mention of the Governor's health; but men- tions that the Kafirs had resumed their depredations on the frontier farmers, and speaks of the gloomy prospect of affairs in the Eastern districts.

NEW ZEArAnn.—In the New Zealand Spectator of the 20th March, we read the satisfactory intelligence that the New Zealand Company's dis- puted land-claims at Porirtut and Walnut are settled. There was a good deal of negotiation, as well as two days' personal conference between Go- vemor Grey and the Maories before a complete understanding could be arrived at. The following particulars of the arrangement are given.

"The amount of compensation inMoney to be received by the Natives is 5,0001., namely, 2,0001. for the disputed lands at Porirua, and 3,0001. for the Wairau. These sums are to be divided into live annual payments; the largest instalment, amounting to 1,6001., will be paid this year. Thus sum has been divided into two portions; a part (6001.) was paid on Thursday, the remainder (1,0001.) will be paid on the 1st of April; two payments of 1,1001. will be paid in the two nese years, and the two remaining instalments of 6001. each will be paid the following years, the last instalment being paid in the year 1851. Three blocks of land have been reserved in the neighbourhood of Ponrua for their use. The first block ifs bounded towards the South by a line drawn from Jackson's Ferry through section No. 62 to the back of the last section (38) in the Ohariu district, and thence to the coast; and comprises the land between the South-western arm of Porirna har- bour and the sea, including that claimed by Mr. Courier. The second block con- sists of the five sections from No. 106 to 102 on Porirua harbour, extending from Jackson's Ferry. The third block commences at the Taupe pah, and extends to Wainui; containing all the nnsurveyed land between the sea and the back of the sections in the Horokirvi valley, including the potato-grounds and clearings at Pakerua.

"In the reserves above described are included sixteen sections chosen by the holders of preliminary land-orders; for which the Company receive in exchange ten Native reserves. By this arrangement, the Government obtain all the land from Wainui to the Tararau, comprised in the New Zealand Company's limits, with the exception of the reserves above-mentioned." "On the Middle Island, the land extending along the shore of Cloudy Bay from the mouth of the Waken River to Port Underwood, and half a mile in depth from the shore, is given up to the Government, together with the whole of the Wairau plain, and all the land beyond it to the Kaikoras. The scene of the me- lancholy catastrophe of the Wairan at the entrance of the Waitoho Valley is also given up; comprising about a mile in width on each side the Tua Marina, and four miles in length, up the Waitoho Valley; the stream then becomes the boun- dary; that part of the valley on the Eastern bank, about a mile wide, and to within about four miles of Queen Charlotte's Sound, belonging to the Govern- ment, and the land on the opposite side extending to and including the Kaituna Valley, and lying between the North bank of the Waken river and the sea, being reserved for the Natives. The Kaituna, which runs through the centre of the valley of that name, falls into the Pelorns _river, and the Tea Marina into the South-western arm of Queen Charlotte's Sound."

"It is impossible," observes the New Zealand Spectator, "to overrate the ad- vantages resulting from this measure. This part of the land question was con. fessedly the most difficult to arrange. All the difficulties that have surrounded it, aggravated by the previous failures of those who have attempted the task, by delay, and by the late disturbances, have given way before his Excellency's firm- ness. The way in which the arrangement has been made gives every promise of

its being lasting and satisfactory. The money paid in instalments, the Go: vernment have an effectual control over the Natives; who are themselves greatly interested in the preservation of peace, as they would forfeit all claim to payment by a renewal of the late disturbances. And the reserves being made for them in large blocks of their own selection, with well-defined boundaries, there is less chance of future disputes arising between them and the settlers who may occupy contiguous sections." "During the discussions which ensued on the sale of the land, the Natives evinced considerable anxiety for the release of Baupantha. But they were given distinctly to understand that for the present he would not be liberated?