furrIgu nuh

jtaltre.—The Emperor has once more pardoned M. de Montalem- bert. The following appeared in the Maniteur of Tuesday.

"The Emperor' i renewing h final decision, has remitted to M. de Mon- talembert the penalties definitively pronounced against him by judgment of the Imperial Court of Paris of December 21, 1858. "His Majesty has likewise relieved M. Douniol, publisher of the Correa- _pondaut, from the sentence of imprisonment pronounced upon him by the judgment of the 24th November."

The Moniteur contains decrees appointing M. Troplong to be President, and Marshal Count Baraguay d'Efilliers, General Count Regnault de St. Jean d'Angely, and Marshal Pdissier, Duke de lifalakhoffi to be Vice- Presidents of the Senate for the year 1859. General M‘Mahon left Paris on Wednesday, to resume the command of the army in Algeria, in consequence of the agitation which prevails among the Rabyle tribes. It was rumoured last night that troubles had actually broken out among the Kabylei, though the papers do not allude th the fact.

The Daily News Paris correspondent recalls the great talk three months ago about the contemplated reduction in the French army. It was to be done gradually, "by calling out fewer recruits." But "it turns out that the government mils under arms every man that it can lay its hands upon. The entire contingent for the year is ordered to join, and this is a thing unprecedented in time of peace. The Independance, although it habitually picks and chooses its words for its French edition, in order to avoid being seized on the frontier, thus significantly comments on the fact : "The Christmas holidays will, perhaps, be somewhat saddened in the country villages and in the factories by the departure of 100,000 recruits to join their regiments."

"it is already said that the camps of instruction for 1859 will be un- usually large. An army of thirty thousand men near the Italian fron- tier is spoken of."

The Parisians have been disgusted by the issue of an order at the eleventh hour prohibiting a masqued ball at the Opera House. The offi- cials had suddenly discovered that it was Christmas-day. '

Sf1ii1113.—The Duke of Brabant made a speech in the Senate, List week, in which he proposed that a commercial embassy should be sent to Pekin and Jeddo, carrying with it specimens of Belgian products, in order that Belgium might benefit by the opening of China and Japan. He also suggested the establishment of a congress, to look after the ma- terial interests of Belgium.

i Ile I 11.—A decree of the Minister of Finance orders the withdrawal of the notes of one, two, and five florins of the old money, and the issue of notes of one florin of the new money, to the extent of 100 millions. This issue will be guaranteed on the Imperial domains. A notice, ema- nating from the Imperial Bank, announces the issue of the new notes of one florin, and adds that, in the course of the year 1859, all the notes for the old money will be withdrawn from circulation. This notice, more- over' promises the adoption of measures for the increase of the "rest." The Beieh.9 Gesetzblatt has published a law for the establishments of emi- grants in Ilungary, and promises them important advantages.

1/tel.—Letters from Milan show the serious discontent that prevails. Thus the Governor of Lombardy was himself compelled to go to Pavia and see what could be done there. He was accompanied by the Director of Police. They held a private meeting with the Rector of the Univer- sity and the Deans of Faculty. They at first proposed to close the Uni- versity, but, finally, they confined themselves to the dismissal of M. Bor- roni, the Prefect of the town, and they replaced him by M. Eschi, a Se- cretary of the Lieutenant-Governor. The Commissary of Police was likewise dismissed. These measures adopted, the Governor of Lombardy — '

Lquitted Pavia on the afternoon of the 17th, and an hour afterwards Pro- fessor Briccio was assassinated in the most populous street in Pavia, and ' nobody could be found to give the slightest information to the police. I Mr. Edward Lumley Woodyear has lodged a formal complaint with the British Consul at Naples against the Neapolitan police who, from open- ing, have come to stealing his letters ; one of the fraternity having rob- bed a porter of one of Mr. Woodyear's letters in broad day.

Accounts from Venice state that the Archduke Maximilian has just adopted two important measures. The first authorizes the mints of Milan and Venice to issue monthly 300,000 florins in zwansigers of foreign manufacture (the circulation of which has hitherto been prohibited) in exchange for new Austrian money of a corresponding value. The second is intended for the convenience of the working classes, and directs the distribution among the district commissaries of as large a quantity as possible of copper money, in order to operate an exchange at par with the old pieces of five centimes.

111151 la.—The great undertaking of the ymperor with regard to the serfs meets with considerable opposition. A letter from St. Petersburg, of the 15th December, states that Count Alexander Platonow, Marshal of the Nobility of the Government of St. Petersburg, who during the entire period of the sittings of the Committee had assented to the resolu- tions proposed by the majority of its members, and had even fretrently anticipated the intentions of the Government to improve the condition of the peasants, had presented to the Committee at the close of its sittings - ^lause which was votel and signed by all the members. By this se the Committee of Nobility of the Government of St. Petersburg :tares that it does not admit the right of the Government to change the cial relations which exist between the Boyar& and their peasants, and . demands the convocation of the ancient Ziemski-sobor, or deputies of the Boyards, which is the only authority competent to decide on the subject. A second letter, dated one day later, says that the Ministry has rejected, as contrary to the interests of the State' the proposition of the central committee on the emancipation of the serfs, to the effect that the nobles themselves shall be left to take the initiative of carrying out the emancipation. It is said that the proposition was made with the view of obtaining for the nobles a sort of Parliamentary representation, and to compensate by the acquisition of new privileges, for the authority which they will lose by emancipation.

5 li 11 i 8—A good deal of information touching Mr. Gladstone's pro- gress in the Ionian Islands has come to hand. It is not very promising. The agents of Greece and Russia had promoted to the utmost the cry for union with Greece. Mr. Gladstone's appearance in any of the islandi sufficed to call forth the cry ; accompanied with the shout of "Long lir: Gladstone the Philhellene !" At Cephalonia the young men took en horses out his chariot and drew him in triumph. At Zante the crowd disgusted at being excluded from the levee, broke into the fore court and were only kept out of the house by the guard. The costume and tin flag of Greece were visible everywhere. At Ithaca, at Santa Maura, at Paxo, he was met by addresses for union, for annexation. It was de dared to be the fixed, the irrefragable desire of the Septinsular republic That portion of the Hellenic people desires to return to the bosom of its mother. Such is the appeal that Mr. Gladstone is requested to submit to England, and the parties to the treaty of 1815.

This is due, in great part to the publication of Sir John Young's despatch. The Ionians were evidently impressed with the belief that England had sent Mr. Gladstone to make the transfer. This seems to have roused him to make even a more emphatic counter- declaration than ho made at Corfu. Zante was selected as the place fai this demonstration, and when the Greek Archbishop and his clergy, tin prime movers in the agitation, presented themselves and were about tc present a petition for annexation the great Philhellene stopped them, an thus he spoke-

" Most Reverend Sir—I beg of you to accept the expression of my deep eat reverence. I thank you for the honour of the visit you have been please. to make me. But, before receiving any petition or hearing anything you have to say, I must first fulfil a sacred duty. I am come to the islands tr examine into their condition. The mandate of the Queen Protectress re quires me to hear the complaints of every class of the people, to invite sug gestions and hear advice, but not to incite or listen to anything else. . strictly adhered to that mandate at Corfu, Santa Maura, and Ithaca. Ar rived at Cephalonia and Zante, I found myself bound by a new duty, whiel exacts my first and special attention. But before I make an investigation must correct a mistake. Despite the solemn and formal declaration made to the Most High Senate, it appears that many persons entertain the opinion that at this epoch, and under the present circumstances of Europe and of thc Eastern question, the idea of a union of the Seven Islands, not with tin whole Greek race, but with the actual kingdom of Greece, might be effect- ed, and that this idea might the more edsily be made a fact by coupling with it my name and my presumed Philhellenism. This is their mistake I speak with due respect of every sentiment of nationality so long as it keeps within the limits of possibility and justice. But those who, without considering time, method, persons, circumstances, and consequences,—in word, facts, would like to take that sentiment of nationality as a rule for human things, may be styled out of their senses. I may add that doctrines of nationality couched in certain terms become doctrines of disorder and anarchy. And what is this idea of nationality, taken as an exponeit (nornsa) of the policy of these islands, when neither time, method, persons, circumstances, nor consequences—in a word, facts—bear it out ? In this light it is certainly a phantom—a dream. Nay, it is worse. The Ionian people have not the power to select either annexation or reform, nor the actual state or etatus quo because, annexation being under present circumstances impossible, there remain only two choices for them; one is to aim at a reasonable liberal progress; the other to main- tain the existing political and administrative system. Those who clamour for the impossible exclude the possible. Those who clamour for annex- ation,' which is impossible, and exclude the reforms which I should like to render possible, leave no choice. They exclude reforms ; annexation excludes itself; thence there remains nothing but the status quo. I do not mean tc say that this is the object, but I positively affirm, and let it be well under- stood, that it will be the end and result for having substituted, before me, the vote for annexation for the exposure of grievances and suggestions for improvements which might be made in the actual condition of the country. This is what I want you clearly to understand from me. I have only to aAcl that the most sure means to deprive me of all power and all hope of doing anything good for the Ionian people is to couple my name with the demand for annexation with Greece by means of placards, which you, gentlemen, have seen, as well as myself." The venerable gentlemen with their long beards, seemed quite taken aback. They had not expected such a speech. As Mr. Gladstone pro- ceeded their mouths fell. Union with Greece was declared a simple im- possibility, and the treaties of 1815 to be carried out to the letter. Iffr Gladstone spoke earnestly, and made a deep impression. The reverez gentlemen returned to their cures wiser and sadder men.

On the 19th December a missive from Sir Edward Bulwer to Sir Job: Young reached Corfu, and the same evening an extract therefrom al

pared in the Ga:.-ette. In this Sir Edward remarks that the purloine

despatch was published without the sanction or privity of the govern ment, and directs Sir John to inform the Corflote Deputies that her Ma- jesty's Government neither possess the power nor the desire to occupy Corfu and Paso as crown colonies, nor to appeal to the European power: to abrogate the treaty of 1815. "Under which England has hitherto extended and will extend to th Ionian Islands a protection which is required for the interests of Europe, an which is far more effective than any that could be afforded by the sov( reignty of Greece." But if any grievances exist to impede the satisfactm working of the Ionian Constitution, they need but to be temperately state(

and rationally proved, to insure on the part of her Majesty's Governmet their best efforts within the circle of their constitutional powers to Sad r

remedy or a solution for them. In the mission of Mr. Gladstone to tin Ionian Islands there occurs an opportunity from which I trust the Ionia in will not suffer themselves to be diverted by visionary and impracticabh schemes."

MI .—The ominous signs that were visible on the meeting of ti National Assembly have been followed by the acts of hostility they lad cated. Prince Alexander has outlived his popularity ; and almost th first act of the Skuptchina was to send a request that he would abdicat Instead of replying or entering into negotiations the Prince sent his wk to her father's house, and took shelter himself within the citadel of Be grade. Hereupon the Assembly, declaring that the Prince had left th country without a government, formally deposed him and appointed : provisional government. The Turkish troops were permanently us4 arms, and Belgrade city was of course full of armed men. The ete that followed, and indeed all that has happened has only reached in by bit and very imperfectly reported. It seems however, to be g rally accepted that the Semen Assembly has selected Ifilosch Olin Bitch as its chief, and that the Senate, after brief resistance concur It is remarkable that the man who abdicated himself in 1838 shout called to succeed another prince also forced to abdicate. A sketch of career of Milosch has been puplished by a contemporary. "The son of a peasant, he himself began life as a herdsman, but, en ing the service of his half-brother Milan, joined him in traffic, and

.onsiderable influence and position. Milan became chief of Itudnik, cheja, and Uschize. This was at the beginning of the war against Drills, and Milosch took on himself the active duties for which Milan's ye of quiet unfitted him. Such was the flood-pint of Miloseh's career. a took the tide that bore him on to fortune. The Servians having elected in their chief in 1817, renewed their election in 1827, at the Diet in which ne articles of the treaty of Akjerman were announced, and prayed the trend Signior to appoint Milosch Obrenovitsch their hereditary prince. the Porte granted the request, and the Hattischeriff of 1830 expressly ffirmed that the dignity of Knias should descend, after the death of Milosch, his eldest son, and then to his grandson. But his name was not men- 'lied in the treaty between the European powers, and Milosch continued to

rid a position which has been described as a combination of Turkish su- aremacy and the free choice of the Servians.' His use of arbitrary power was not satisfiretory to all classes; and his refusal to bestow lands and revenue on his courtiers induced a conspiracy against him. He was forced to pledge himself to certain concessions, and generally. to follow the wishes of the Skuptchina. The new order of things became insupportable to one who had aeon accustomed to receive implicit obedience. In course of time he found means to promote a movement among the peasantry, who were mostly in- debted to trim, or at least had not suffered by his tyrannical proceedings. He offered to allay the excitement and bring the people back to reason ; but it was not doubted that he had himself kindled the fire; and he was not allowed to take the field against the populace. His bitterest enemy, Vut- schitsch, now assumed the princely power, and easily overcame the ad- herents of Prince Milosch. The latter was compelled to abdicate, which he lid in favour of his eldest son, Milan ; but this Prince being in a sickly sondition, was never really invested with rulerahip. He was so ill at the ime that it was thought necessary to conceal from him his father's downfall. Vutschitsch, in conjunction with others, carried on the government with the sanction of the Porte. After the death of Milan the choice of a go- vernor fell on Michael, a younger son of the Prince. Under his admin- istration, Vutsohitsth grew stronger in power. Driven to encounter this vigorous opponent in arms, Michael was obliged to yield ; and, well know- ng that Turkish influence was on the side of Vutschitsch, the Prince die- thawed his forces and passed over into the Austrian territory. The reign of he Obrenovitsches had now come to an end. Their partisans were nume- ically insignificant in the Skuptchina, which assembled on the 14th of

eptember 1842. In place of the fugitive Michael, they elected Alexander,

in of Kara George. This Prince has continued to preside over Servian ffair' s, up to the tune which, with almost literal exactness, we may call ;esterday. If it be true that Prince Milosch has again been called to the read of the government, it is difficult to foresee the end of the complication. flie Servians are a brave and warlike people, proud of their independence, Ind jealous of their privileges and immunities. The armed force is repre- sented by a small number of soldiers ; but all the male population are ac- sustomed to take up arms on great occasions. During the ten years that Rilosch was in power he established a firm hold on the popular affections ; said the mere revival of his name at this juncture is certain to be closely at- tended by very grave results."

Austria, whose partisan Alexander is accused of having been, does not regard this movement with a favourable eye. She protests that she will sot interfere, but she has concentrated troops at Semlin on the left bank .3f the Danube opposite Belgrade. The Skuptchina, it may be useful to remind our readers, consists partly atmembers who sit by virtue of their respective offices, and partly of those who are elected by the people. All classes have the right of voting with the exception of the clergy, but the latter are represented by seven- seen arch-priests from their respective districts, and four abbots or priors.

The total number of representaves is 438. .• SU i 8.--The mail from Calcutta, with ads-ices to the 23d November, arrived on Monday. It brings little fresh news. The tone of the letters is far more cheerful than anything that has come from Calcutta for two years.

According to the accounts received from all parts of India, the arrange- ments under which the Queen's authority over India has been ushered in are very satisfactory, and it is pleasing to learn that, according to all appear- ances, the respectable class of natives generally, received the official intima- tion of the change of government with gratification, and are particularly leased with the proclamation itself. Addresses to her Majesty are being ?repared in several places, and there will be no end of loyal professions and, good wishes. There are also several among the native princes who, we are told, intend following the example, and her Majesty will, therefore, re- ceive grate a rare collection of autographs, which may serve as an addition to her Majesty's private museum."

Strictly speaking, the military news is confined to one incident—the occupation of Shunkerpore, the fort of Bainie Madhoo. This has been iescribed by the special correspondent of the Times who was there to ee. On the 13th November, Mayor Barrow, political agent with Lord 31.yde, sent a letter to Bainie Madhoo, stating the terms of the proclama- tion, and calling upon him to surrender at once. The troops were then olaced in position, the front being covered by strong pickets. On the avening of the 15th, Bainie Medlars° sent in a letter. It is a short and tharacteristic document.

"I have received your Excellency's purwannah, and with it the procla- nation. I beg to say that I was formerly Caboolintdar of this ellaga, and am still in possession of the same, and if the Government will continue the settlement with inc I will turn out my father, Bainic Madhoo. He is on the part of Birjies Kuddr, but I am loyal to the British Government, and I do not wish to be ruined for my father's sake." Before the proper reply or an assault could be given, the enemy fled am the fort.

"About two o'clock in the morning I was awakened by the noise of

3rses in the street of our canvass city. I turned out and found Captain Flood waiting for orders to carry across country from the chief of the Staff to Sir Hope Grant. Intelligence had been received that the enemy after the moon disappeared issued from the forts and were evacuating the place in all haste. The country in our front was intersected with water-cuts, covered with crops, wood, and jungle. No information as to the exact route of the enemy could be had, and, in fact, it was possible the whole story might be untrue. Lord Clyde, light in hand, flitted across the street, carrying his orders with his own hand to his Aide-de-Camp Captain Dormer. It was past three o'clock ere the Aide-de-Camp of the Chief of the Staff started with an escort of a few Sowers to carry orders to Sir Hope Grant to proceed at once in pursuit of the enemy. It was pitch dark, and the direc- tion was only to be had front the stars. So difficult was the ground that one rf the horses of the escort broke its neck. So it was that it was past 4 o'clock are the column of Sir Hope Grant was reached, and the order given to that pliant and indefittigable officer. All the troops were turned out, and the column was in readiness to march by daybreak, directing its advance upon Roy Bareilly. During the night the pickets had heard men moving, the srroaning of camels and the noise of voices close to the fort ; but they had

no orders to act, and, indeed, it is difficult to say what they could have done if they had. At daybreak it was evident that Bainie Madhoo had fled, and that his boasted stronghold had been deserted without a shot." The fort was entered at once but e enemy got clear off, some towards to the Goomtee, some wards l th

e Ganges, followed by Grant and Eve- leigh— Early in the morning, about half an hour after day-break, I approached the outer works of the fort, which consisted of a very deep but narrow ditch, and a low parapet of irregular trace, inside which nothing could be seen but dense jungle. There was no entrance visible till we had ridden southwards about two miles. The country was like that already, described. Several hamlets and villages quite deserted lay outside the ditch; only cats and dogs inhabited the streets. In one there was a small and very handsome Ilindoo temple covered outside with hideous idols. All these villages offered the greatest facilities for resistance in the hands of a determined enemy, and could only have been cleared in such a case by very hard fighting or severe vertical fire. Through one of those villages lay the road to the outer fort. A bastion of earth towered above it, but the flanking fire was indifferently directed. The gateway was of bamboo, and opened upon a ramp across the ditch to a strong mud wall, winding over a tortuous street, access through which into the interior was obtained by a wooden gate, of no strength. In- side, the place was somewhat like Amethee, only that the central residence was not so fine. An old Brahmin very sick was the sole human being to be found, but a "must" elephant--a male suffering from a temporary derange- ment, owing to a disappointment in some love affair—was tied by chains in the courtyard, gun-bullocks wandered about, and doolies, tents, a spring. van, litters, and various stores, lumbered the enclosures, which were full also of bedsteads and a few articles of furniture. Only a few old match-locks could be found after the minutest search, and, as if in mockery, four very small brass guns, mere children's playthings, were laid out in a row in front of one of the verandahs. In the women's apartments some miserable daubs left upon the walls showed that those who lived there must have been vile and depraved indeed. Idols abounded in the rooms ; some bad engravings, an oriental dream of the Duke of Wellington, and embossed drawings of wild beasts hung up in the divan, in which were also glass chandeliers, covered with linen bags, as if "the season was over." In the rooms around the courts immense quantities of ghee, nuts, wheat, and corn were found ; also a laboratory for making powder, and about 90001b. of that article of native manufacture. I- am beginning to believe that most of the good guns of the forts in Oude were sent into Lucknow, or were captured by Havelock and others in the earlier fights. It is certain Bainie Madhoo has got only nine with him, and they are all probably less than six-pound- ers. We have hearfl of one large gun which has not yet been discovered, and the carriages of twe,,ir tolerable condition were found this afternoon. There are three other forts ni;c11 more complete inside the work which must be described hereafter. All are to be destroyed, with the exception of one which is to be turned into a native police thannah." With regard to progress in the settlement of the country Mr. Russell says- " As the talookdars were slow in coming in, the Commissioner issued a circular to them, in which he stated that if they did not make submission within a short period, stated, he would send for the Rajah of P.ei,poL ;Luna and his Sikhs, and would make over their estates to his 11BC. This little stroke of diplomacy has been attended with the best results, but as yet the Sepoys hold aloof. They do not believe the proclamation or the amnesty. The talookdars are however, coming in. Some of Bainie Madhoo's estates have been already awarded to men who have served Government. Thannahs and collectorates have been established all along our line of march, and reminders have been placed there with their matchlockmen, till we can spare police to take their place. As soon as that is the case the zemindary levies will be deprived of their matchlocks and the country will be dis- armed."

CY 11 ft .—The latest intelligence from Hongkong, brought by the Calcutta steamer, is not of much moment. Matters appeared to be set- tling down. Lord Elgin was at Shanghai, preparing for a trip up the river, after he had completed the business arrangements arising out of the treaty. It was a question whether the rebels at Nankin would re- spect the squadron. Baron Gros and Mr. Reed were both at Shanghai. At Canton the troops were healthy and the place quiet. A fine broad road had been made from "the allied landing-place to the foot of Head- quarters hill." The Imperial Commissioners had notified the conclusion of peace in the following proclamation. •-•

Kwei Imperial Commissioner, &e., and Fa (we), Imperial Com- missioner,' &c. issue this proclamation in order to pacify the minds of the people. Be it known to you, people, merchants, and gentry, in all the pro- vinces, that a treaty of eternal peace has been concluded at Tien-sin with the Ambassadors of England, France, and America. Now that this treaty is settled (or after the treaty has been settled) we, and all foreigners, will continue to enjoy tranquilhty. i. It our earnest hope that it will be so, and you should all be aiding in and about the same. Obey ; do not despise this.

"Dated the 3d day of the 8th month of the 8th year of Hienfung (8th October, 1858.)"

itnjtt StilifIL—The North Briton arrived at Liverpool on Wed- nesday with advices from New York to the 18th December.

In the Senate a. motion by Mr. Chingman proposing to abrogate the Bulwer-Clayton treaty was negatived by 28 to 22. South Kansas is Represented as the scene of much disorder and lawless- ness. House-burning, robberies, and other depredations, are of frequent occurrence. Meetings have been held for the suppression of these outrages.

The report of the recall of Lord Napier caused some sensation in New York and Washington. The papers of the extreme parties concur in imputing to him "American partiality," and say that he gave his in- fluene,e in support of the slaveholders. [It will be remembered that the Post, the first to announce his recall, gave as a reason the recognition ho accorded to the Monroe doctrine.]

Judge Douglas has been to New Orleans to expound his views upon the policy that the democratic party should pursue. At length he be- came so hoarse he could hardly be heard, and he was about to stop when some one shouted "What about Cuba ?"

"Mr. Douglas, says the New Orleans Crese Int, turned to the direction whence the voice came, and after a pause in which his voice Beetled to have ,

come back to him he said, It is our destiny to have Cuba, and you can't prevent it if youtry !' The applause that followed was tremendous. It was one deafening roar, which seemed as if it would raise `•••.s ronf aro.- building, and was so long continued that it gave the senator a e recover still further, and get his voice in good speaking trim. began again he spoke of the acquisition of Cuba as a nec malty of Ai. progressiveness ; but it was a question of time. , The same, he sal

true of Central America and Mexico. Just as our population inereaqes and our interests demand it will we acquire new territory, and spread the bound- aries of civilization and happiness. Once, in Congress, a member asked him what he wanted with Central America, saying it was too far off to become a part of the United States, lie replied that he wanted it because it was only half as far oft' as California, and directly on2the road there. (Great Cheer- ing and laughter.)

"lie spoke in strong terms against the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, by which Great Britain had secured to herself an equal interest with the United States in the affairs of Central America. In the course of these remarks, he related a conversation that once took place between Mr. Bulwer and him- self, at Washington, on the subject of the Central American treaty. Mr. Bulwer said he thought the treaty a good one, because it was reciprocal: the two contracting countries had equal privileges. I agreed, said Mr. Douglas, to consider the treaty a good one, if I could have a little amend- ment added to it. What is that ? ' asked Mr. Bulwer. ' Why ' said I, 'the treaty secures equal rights to Great Britain and the United States in Central America ; and after "Central America," I would have inserted the words "and Asia." " But,' said he, 'you have no interest in Asia,' Said I, 'You have none in Central America." But,' says he again, you have no right in Asia." Very well,' I replied, 'and we don't mean that Great Britain shall ever establish any right im.Central America. (Cheers and laughter.) "Mr. Douglas proceeded to argue that the situation of Cuba, Central America, &e. was such as to fix the United finites as their future pos- sessor and protector. In Central America and in Mexico the people illus- trate their inability of taking care of themselves, and it stands that some- body will have to do it for them. But there is no need of forcing things. We live in a rapid age, and things will come along naturally soon enough. In concluding these remarks Mr. Douglas disclaimed being a Filibuster; but defined his position, in strong terms, as being in favour of the acquisi- tion of territory by the United States in whatever direction its progress and increasing population might require. When the country ceases to grow, it must begin to decline ; hence, the acquisition of new territory will be neces- sary, and must take place, all in its proper time. He believed that under the policy of the Democratic party this country would become the greatest that ever existed on the face of the earth ; great in its planting and in its manufactures; equally great in its commerce and in its agriculture."

A Savannah paper asserts most positively that the yacht Wanderer had landed slaves in that neighbourhood, and that they were immediately distributed among the plantations. Several persons connected with the vessel were in custody.

The New York Herald professes to give us some authentic information respecting the doings of the Wanderer. It says—

We are authorized to state that the story about the yacht Wanderer bringing 300 slaves to this country is simply ridiculous, from the fact that she could not possibly accommodate more than half that number. The truth of the matter, as we are informed, is that she bad on board but 80 negroes, who were selected on account of their health, vigour, size, and

strength ; that they were treated with the utmost care on the voyage, and ........4inallyianeled in good condition at some point between Florida and Georgia, where they readily brought 700 dollars each—making an aggregate of 56,000 dollars. It will be seen, on reference to our letter from the coast of Africa, that the Wanderer was up the Congo river in October last." Apropos of this revival of the slave-trade the Daily News correspon- dent at New York writes-

" Another instance of the inability of the executive to enforce the laws in defiance of the prevailing public sentiment has just occurred with regard to the filibusters. The collector of the port at Mobile refused, as I told you,

to grant a clearance to the Susan, a schooner which Walker had chartered for the conveyance of a fresh cargo of filibusters to Nicaragua. The result

was, that a few days ago the Susan put to sea without a clearance with about 250 men and a full supply of arms and ammunition on board. She was boarded in the bay by the officer in command of the United States revenue cutter, but no sooner had he set foot on deck than she made sail

again, carrying him off in "a guesh." The cutter pursued, fired one shot, and having been set at defiance by the filibusters, and threatened with a

thrashing if she made a second attempt to board, she prudently ran aground, and let her prey escape her. This is not all. It is now certain that if the Susan should escape the American cruisers in the Gulf, she will be captured by the British, and this would unquestionably be the signal for such a frenzy of excitement in the South as would force the government into a collison with England, and would cause large reinforcements to be hurried oft' to Nicaragua in complete defiance of the Custom-house or the laws."

The attempt to open the Nicaraguan transit route failed. The pas- sengers taken to Greytown in the Washington, with through tickets to San Francisco fist the San Juan, finding they could not proceed, were sent, such as could pay the fare, by the Panama railroad. Tho others, about 100, were taken back to New York, greatly to their indignation. They stormed, swore, threatened ; "had the authors of their wrong," White and Co., who sold the through tickets, "been present, a vigilance committee would have soon executed summary justice." They landed at Aspinwall, and tried to get through by railway. Here is the strange .scene as described by the correspondent of the New York Herald- " Among the large number who were enable to raise the necessary means were those who if taken back to New York would be perfect strangers and pen- niless. Many of them were from the far West, a number from different por- tions of Europe, and included many women and children. Some were on their way to join their husbands in California, and had sold their beds and bedding and the very clothes on their backs to purchase their tickets. To be taken back to New York and landed there, in the very depth of mid- winter, was a fate that seemed less welcome than death. Piles upon piles of baggage were heaped up and tendered as security to the railroad company, and the consul's office made a place of similar deposit. Watches, rings, breast-pins, and relics of every description were freely offered, and sold for a mere song. One poor fellow rushed into the consul's offices, laid three five-dollar pieces on the table pulled off his breeches, laid them beside the gold, and begged the consul, 'for God's sake to send him on. Shortly after, a Jewish woman with three babes rushed into the office and laid one child at the feet (little consul and two upon his table, and laying down 100 dollars in gold, bre* iu the most wailing lamentation. There was herself and sister, she said, skid her three small babeal take them and do what he wanted, but for God's sake send them to San k rancisco. 100 dollars was all she had in the wide vorld, and if she did not go on now she would never meet her hus-

band. otwithstanding the indignation of all, hot tears coursed down the cheeks o many a sunburnt face. The liberality manifested by the passen- gers to each other was as novel as it was noble. In many cases there were se jaJjo had only five, ten or fifteen dollars, who came forward and y belfillwed it on those who lacked only a small amount to purchase ckets. Iu this way a number were made happy."

.1 American newspapers arc full of a new British outrage." This the scene of the dreadful occurrence is the San Juan river. The

" British lion " is described as lying in ambush at Punta Arenas eat up every Jonathan who dares set foot in Central America." It see that the steamer Washington arrived at Greytown on the 18th Nove. her. She was boarded by an officer of the American navy and allowed I pass. Soon after she had come to an anchor, a boat from the l'alorce and another from the Leopard arrived, and the officers boarded th Washington. They asked many questions—the number of the Washing ton's passengers, their nationalities, whether they had arms, &c.—bu "not liking the rough manners" of " Mr. King, executive officer of tin Washington," they left. Such was the visit which has caused the sti The Neto York 75.ibune speaks of a correspondence on the Bak. between Mr. APIntosh, commander of the American ship Roanoke an Captain Aldham of the Valorous, in which the British captain is made to claim the right of visit in the San Juan on the ground of the Mosquito protectorate, and Mr. M'Intosh is made to claim the sole right of visiting American ships. The affair is, however, said to have been settled in a friendly manner by these officers. Another " outrage " was perpetrated. The Catherine Maria, unable to get up the San Juan, tried the Colorado branch. She had stopped to repair a leak, when a man-of-war's boat, followed by two others, all armed, arrived. It contained Captain Wainwright, of the Leopard, who stepped on board the American steamer. He said he was taking a pull up the river, but finding the current too strong, he was going back ; and added, politely, could he take any commands for Greytown ? After this he left. Preternatural suspicion regards this as a revival of the right of visit ! The steamer proceeded up, but was vigilantly watched by the Nicaraguans, who sent soldiers on board, and kept her under their guns. Another steamer met with a like reception. The Nicaraguans were on the look out for Walker.

The President had communicated papers to the Senate touching the mission of Sir William Ouseley, and the relations between Spain and Mexico, and other matters. Among them a despatch from Mr. Dallas. reporting the substance of Lord Malmesbury's opinions as addressed to him.

First, that Lord Napier had communicated to the President the treat, negotiated by Sir Gorge Ouseley with the Minister from Nicaragua, that was believed that no objection was expressed to its provisions, and that on of its objects was to terminate the Mosquito protectorate. Second, that Si Gore Ouseley was by this time at Nicaragua, and would exert himself to obtain the ratification of the treaty, in doing which it was indispensable that he should be protected by the presence of a naval force from any vio- lence meditated by fillibusters. Third, he had, however, been much sur- prised at the contents of a recent letter from Lord Napier, which stated that General Cass considers the orders issued for the protection of Sir William Gore Ouseley to be incompatible with the Clayton-Bulwer treaty. Those orders were to the effect that if the Government of Nicaragua required for their defence from filibusters the active intervention of a military power, a suitable armed force was to land, seize the offenders, and hand them over, if American, to the nearest authority of the United States, and having done this, to retire immediately. He could not understand why such a proceed- ing should be regarded as a violation of that article of the treaty which in- terdicted "occupation" and "dominion," especially a clause of the Cass- Yrisarri treaty—with which this Governnient found no fault ; but, on the contrary, it desired to see effected—provided for exactly the same sort of temporary assistance. It was impossible to allow their diplomatic repre- sentative to have his object cut short by marauders. When the treaty was disposed of, there would be an end of their inference. Thus far as to Central America. [Mr.. Dallas took exception to this view of the Bulwer-Clayton treaty, remarking that it would authorize the English to interfere in the domestic conflicts of Nicaragua.] Fifth, in regard to Mexico, he described Spain as extremely irritated by cruelties inflicted upon Spaniards, and as threatening to send a fleet to punish and exact redress. England, however, had successfully persuaded delay, and Mexico was in so distracted a con- dition that she could scarcely be said to have a responsible Government. England had herself been grossly outraged in the person of Mr. Hanson, whose treatment could best be resented, in the opinion of the law-officers of the crown, by a British fleet being sent to Tampico. Iler Majesty's Govern- ment, however, were adverse to any strong measure, which might make things worse than they already were and the severity of which would pro bably fall on the innocent. It was difficult to say to what result the dire ordered state of Mexico must lead if the nations interested in her well-being forbear to intervene.

In the course of the conversation, Lord Malmesbury disclaimed any patronage of M. Belly ; and described him as an adventurer.

Two letters, one from Mr. Cass to Mr. Dodge, Minister in Spain, and the reply of Mr. Dodge, are published. Mr. Cass has heard that Sixth intends to make war in Mexico with a view of establishing political as cendancy there, and he bids Mr. Dodge to inform the Spanish govern went that the United States will not consent to the subjugation of any of the independent states of this continent to European powers, nor to the exercise of a protectorate over them, nor to any other direct political in fluenee to control their policy or institutions. Mr. Dodge replied that he was informed by the Spanish Minister that his government had not flu most remote intention of infringing the Monroe doctrine. Spail would reject Mexico if offered. The Minister said the enormities corn mitted on Spaniards by Mexico demanded the presence of a naval force of Vera Cruz and Tampico. He also declared that his government had re- jected the mediation of France and England.

There are also papers relating to the boarding of the Washington ; from which it appears that the British Captain Aldhain is acting under ti belief that England is still the protector of Mosquito, and that it was this capacity he approached the Washington, looking for filibusters. Ti American captain considers that as his business, and resents interference as offensive.

A portion of the correspondence which passed between Mr. Dallas and Mr. Cass, and Lord Malmesbury and Lord Napier, respecting the right of search, has been published. The substance of the letters and in several cases the text of portions, have long been before the public. But there is a remarkable letter from Mr. Dallas to Mr. Cass, and an enclo- sure which is worth extracting.

"Mr. Dallas to Hr. Cass.

(Extracts.)

"Legation of the 'United States, London, June 8.

" Sir—I have the honour to transmit herewith the copies of two addi tional notes which passed between Lord Malmesbury and myself respectim the attacks upon our vessels, and the earnest desire of the President tha they should be discontinued, under peremptory orders.

"Lord Malmesbury's last one was received by me late yesterday, and have no time to reply to it I have urged once, twice, thrice, am rhaps you will agree with me in thinking that his concluding note comes t last to the enunciation of a doctrine and a purpose respecting the discon- nonce of the right of search which renders all further urging superfluous. en he insists upon referring 'the ancient laws of nations and the modern requirements of a higher morality' to the law officers of 'the Crown,' &c., ;what can be hoped ? '

"I had written thus far when I was obliged to hurry off and keep an en- / tgsgement to meet Lord Malmesbury at his residence in Whitehall Gardens t twelve o'clock, and I am returned, after an hour's interview, with a re- sult little expected when I went.

"Something within the last twelve hours had shifted his Lordship's mind

quite to an opposite point of the compass. He talked a great deal on the pie, and I listened. He was anxious to fix as precisely as possible what I the American Government wanted on the right of search, and I said, in as gentle a tone as could be, distinctly, 'Discontinuance nothing more, no- thing less—that, at all events, was my present aim. General Cass had the broad subject between himself and Lord Napier, and I was not authorized to meddle with that.' He recurred to your admirable letter of the 10th of ,April last, lying before him, and read a number of passages. He expressed his entire assent with your positions on international law ,• on the illegality of visit or search, except by conventional agreement, and seemed quite full i,:e of admiration for its ability, He attributed the misconduct of the British ffieers to the fact that they were very young men, in gunboats, who had n sent out there in December last, by Sir Charles Wood. In fine, we came an understanding. His Lordshift then requested that I would convey to the American Government the conversation we had thus had. I declined doing so, owing to its length and multifarious character; but I would feel obliged to him if be would himself make a minute of the conclusions at lwhich we had arrived. He immediately went to his desk and rapidly wrote he 'minute' of which I subjoin a copy. It recognizes the soundness of our international law on the right of search, discontinues the practice as to American vessels, and in the interests of humanity reserves a proposal to 'negotiate at Washington, in order, if possible, to devise some means of test- ing the genuineness of the flag, not inconsistent with the freedom of corn- 'emo nor disrelished by either nation. I "lam necessarily much hurried in preparing this despatch. One thing a have omitted. Lord Malmesbury sitively declared that after making „every inquiry be could not find any A iralty orders to have issued, except Rae one of which he gave me a printed copy, which I annex. _ "I have the honour to be, Sir, your most obedient servant, " G. M. DALLAS." ' I "Honourable Lewis Cass, Secretary of State."

t

. 'Minute of Conversation between Mr. Dallas and Lord Malmesbury, :June 8. I "Her Majesty's Government are not prepared to justify or excuse such ')acts on the part of their officers as have been complained of by the United iStates Government, if they are truly reported.

" Her Majesty's Government recognize the principles of international law as laid down by General Cass in his note of the 10th of April, and that nothing in the treaty of 1842 supersedes that law. "Her Majesty's Government, however, think it most indispensable in the interest of civilization and the police of the seas, that there should be a • power of verifying the nationality of a vessel suspected on good grounds of ' carrying false colours. "Her Majesty's Government would wish to learn from the United States ',Government their views in detail on this point, in the hope that some mu- tual arrangement by way of proceedings to be executed by our respective officers may be found effective without being offensive. ; "The French have lately proposed and laid down this one—viz:,' "That a boat may be sent alongside of a suspected ship, and may Mac for papers, but not, unless invited, board the vessel. Such is our arrangement with France. ; "Lord Malmesbury has given:Mr. Dallas a copy of our instructions to our officers. Pending our negotiations on the above point, orders will be

, givtu to discontinue search of United States vessels. MALMESBURY." " In a despatch dated June 11, Lord Malmesbury amplifies this memo- randum into a long letter of instruction and advice to Lord Napier, ;which terminates thus-

" Her Majesty's Government, anxious to remove all possible repetition of the acts which appear to have caused so much excitement in the United iStates, and which might, if repeated at this moment, be detrimental to the good relations of the two countries, have sent further orders to the offi- cers commanding the Cuban squadron to discontinue the search of any ves- sels of the United States until some arrangement, in the sense I have ' pointed out, shall be made by your Lordship with the United States Go- vernment, or declined on their part. "Should the Government of the United .States not think fit to adopt some mutual regulation by which the officers of both States shall be enabled :to verify the nationality of a suspicious ship without offence to its crew or its country, Her Majesty's Government will deeply regret that an oppor- ;tunity has been lost to secure honourably and for ever the two nations from 'those vexatious and irritating controversies which are inevitable as long as Ithe letter of international law is made inflexibly to override those measures which experience and common sense recommend as necessary for the seen- '04- of life and property on the high seas." ; On the 30th 'Tune Mr. Cass replied to Mr. Dallas, and expressed the gratification of Mr. Buchanan at the termination of the controversy. Then he writes-

" The President is aware of the abuses to which the fraudulent assump- tion of the flag of one Power by the citizens or subjects, of another may I've rise, and he deeply regrets that the flag of the United States has ever en prostituted to unworthy purposes by such a reprehensible proceeding. At the same time he entertains a strong conviction that the occasional abuse bf the flag of any nation is an evil far less to be deprecated than would be the establishment of a pretension like this which is incompatible with the 'freedom of the seas. But while avowing this conviction he instructs me to my that the United States are not less solicitous than Great Britain that a remedy should be found for this false employment of national colours to , which Lord Malmesbury refers in just tenus of condemnation, and the Itresident, though not prepared to make any suggestions upon the subject, 'is yet ready to receive any propositions which the British Government may feel disposed to make, and to consider them with an earnest hope that the object may be safely and satisfactorily attained.

. "But while communicating to his lordship these favourable sentiments of the President, it is due to the occasion to say that there are grave difficul- ' ties in the way of reconciling any kind of examination, looking to the de- rtention of vessels with that entire immunity which is so dear to the people . of the United Stales and so important to all commercial nations. It is a Apractical question whose solution requires much cautious consideration, and all the assurance that can now be given by this Government is that it shall be discussed with an anxious desire that it may be so adjusted as to prevent the evil to be complained of, while at the same time the ocean shall be left ifree to the merchant vessels of all nations, each maintaining it own police -without the interference with others.

"The United States have enacted a stringent and comprehensive code of laws against the African slave trade., and the President is authorized to em- ploy the naval force of the country m its suppression. Since the treaty of 1842, and in conformity with its requisitions, a squadron, carrying eighty guns, has been maintained in this service upon the coast of Africa, and with a result, I regret to say, no way commensurate with the loss of life and property it has occasioned. The employment of this squadron has, however, prevented such exertions from being made in other quarters of the world for the repression of this traffic as would otherwise have been under- taken, and which would probably have proved far more effectual. And the President is under the impression that if this squadron were withdrawn from the African coast, the vessels composing it might be ordered upon ser- vice elsewhere to much better advantage in the suppression of this criminal employment. And he is seriously considering the subject, with a view to determine whether it is not advisable to give the year's notice provided for in the treaty of 1842, with a view to the abrogation of the 8th article, which creates an obligation on the part of our respective Governments to maintain these squadrons of repression in the African seas."

2,115II a iit.—Advices from Sydney to the 15th October have come to hand. The principal intelligence is a description of the excitement caused by the reported discovery of gold on the Fitzroy river, and the result. It seems a man found some gold ; the labourers from Port Cur- tis were the first in the field ; rumour magnified the discovery, and Syd- ney was thrown into a ferment. Nor was the fever confined to Sydney. The Victoria diggers caught the infection, rushed off in hundreds. The route to the Fitzroy gold field was by water nearly all the way, and up- wards of 6000 persons soon congregated on the spot. They were doomed to disappointment. The field proved to be unproductive ; the country was a desert, depending for supplies from importations. What could be done ? Every steamer and sailing vessel that arrived was besieged by persons she desired to be taken back. Some vessels went away without landing their stores deterred from landing them by the fear that they would be seized.

"On Tuesday there was a large assemblage of persons round the tent of the Australian Steam Navigation Company on the arrival of the Sampson with the first instalment of the Wonga Wonga's passengers. Some threaten- ing language was Used about 'rushing' the company's tent, and maledic- tions were cast upon the company's directors, who were believed to be in some way, though how was not explained, implicated in the delusion under which the men had suffered. One person made himself very conspicuous in this difficulty, and harangued the people for some time. Ultimately the crowd broke up into small knots, and, amid much grumbling, gradually dis- persed. "Wednesday morning was ushered in with a report that it had been de- termined by certain parties to 'rush' the stores and with the intelligence that a meeting of diggers was to be held that afternoon, to take the whole matter into consideration. The rushing did not come off, though the meet- ing did. It was not numerously and certainly not respectably attended. Its gist may be gathered from the speech of one gentleman, evidently one of nature's orators in the rough, or rather in the very rough. He said, Look here, mates, we're not going to starve in this here — hole. I'm for " rushing " the stores ; and if any of you will stand by me, here's the man as will lead you on.' The sentiment was cheered, but it did not meet with further support ; and, luckily, a diversion in favour of order was created by the amval of the Eagle. Here ensued another scene of confu- sion • some 300 or 400 persons assembled on the shore, and shouted to those on board the Eagle not to land but to seize the ship. After some question- ing and answering, those on board made up their minds, and declared by their spokesman, We'll stick where we are. Captain Moodie now came ashore from the Eagle, and yells and hooting resounded from the bank ; all aimed at the unfortunate little steamer. As soon as Captain Moodie had landed he was surrounded by about 150 persons, evidently with no friendly intent, for numerous cries were heard of 'Pitch him overboard! he's as bad as the rest By the employment of considerable tact and by the mani- festation of much coolness of temper, the jolly old captain managed to drag through the difficulty, and at last soothed down the disturbance by announ- cing that those anxious to go back should be taken at half price. This at once allayed all the excitement, and on the following day the tickets were taken up as fast as they could be issued ; and the Wonga Wonga sailed on the following Friday for Sydney."

The Government of New South Wales did what they could by sends lag a small force of police and a hospital for the sick, but they could not do much. It seems that the rumour which led the diggers so far from home, is not wholly unsupported by scientific testimony. The district has been declared both by Sir Roderick Murchison and the Reverend Mr. Clarke to be one likely to contain gold. The country, apart from its probable gold deposits, is one that would repay cultivation, and one of the deluded miners said the climate was the finest he had ever rambled int and he had "seen a great part of the world."

Nothing of moment had occurred in the political world. The Electoral Bill was under the hands of a Committee of the Legislative Council.