IfflistrIlarreous.

The Bombay East Indiaman has just brought to this country four beautiful Arab stallions, of a fine grey colour, with gorgeous housings valued at 1;0001. for each horse; the whole being a present to the Queen from the celebrated Parsee merchant Sir Jamsetjee Jejeebhoy. The same vessel brought a cargo, chiefly of shawls, silks, and cotton, valued at 250,0001.

The annual sale of Prince Albert's live stock took place at Norfolk Farm, in Windsor Home Park, on Tuesday. A hundred and fifty butchers and graziers attended the sale: the number of sheep sold was 383; of horned cattle, 20: the suns realized was 1,650/. Last year the sum realized was 1,4061.

Sir Robert Peel is confined to his residence in Whitehall by a severe attack of gout in the foot. Yesterday the accounts were very favourable; but according to the report this morning, it is feared that Sir Robert's re- eovery may be slow, and that it will be necessary to delay some intended festivities at Drayton Manor.

The Reverend John Peel, brother of Sir Robert Peel, Canon of Canter- bury, it is understood has accepted the Deanery of Canterbury, vacant by the relinquishment of the Bishop of Oxford, Dr. Begot, now Bishop of Bath and Wells.

A correspondent writes—" The Reverend Frederick Neve, Rector of Poole, near Cirencester, and the Reverend Edmund Edgar Estcourt, late one of the Curates of Cirencester, and nephew of the Member for Oxford, have seceded from the Establishment and gone over to Rome."—Gloucester Journal.

Prince Seyd Hall, son of the Imaum of Muscat, who is now on a visit to this country, went to Woolwich on Monday, and viewed the whole of the arsenal and dockyard.

Senor Fortique, the Venezuelan Minister, died suddenly, at his residence, on Tuesday morning. He had been labouring under severe cold; he was heard to cough violently during the night, and in the morning was found dead in his bed, having ruptured a large aneurism of the heart.

The obituary announces the death of Lord Montagu ; an event not at all unexpected. Henry James Montagu Scott, second son of the third Duke of Buceleuch, by the only surviving child of the first Duke of Montagu, was born in 1776; and married, in 1804, the eldest daughter of the first Lord Douglas. He succeeded his grandfather in 1700. When the Duke of Montagu lost an only son, Baron Montagu obtained a revival of the barony of Montagu for himself, with remainder to his daughter's second son. The title now becomes extinct; and the bulk of the property falls into the possession of the Duke of Buccleuch, Lord Montagu's nephew.

The Duke of Cambridge arrived at Berlin on the 23d October, from New Strelitz. The Duke was on his way to Hanover, to act as sponsor at the baptism of the young Prince; and thence he would return to England.

The Emperor of Russia joined the Empress at Genoa on the 19th Octo- ber; and embarked on the 22d, in a Russian frigate, for Palermo. The Grand Dutchess Olga, and the Prince of Prussia, brother of the Empress, were of the party; and it is expected that it will also be joined by the Archduke Nicholas, the Emperor's eldest son. The Empress, having been recommended woman's milk, is accompanied by a very handsome young female for that purpose. The Grand Dutchess Olga has made a sensa- tion in Italy with her beauty.

A letter from Milan, of the 19th October, relates an untoward accident- " The short visit made by the Emperor Nicholas to our city has been attended with a disastrous occurrence. Yesterday, Marshal Radetski wished to entertain his Majesty with a review. Most of the troops of the garrison being still out on the ground between Bresebia and Verona, where the autumnal manceuvres are yearly practised, the Marshal hastily called in and collected four thousand in- fantry and one thousand cavalry. Unfortunately, in the precipitation with which this measure was taken, some of the soldiers had distributed to them ball-car- tridges; consequently, at the first fire, several persons were wounded. The num- ber is not known; but we have learned that four were carried to the hospital in the town, and that one of them is since dead. One of the sons of the Viceroy commanded the cavalry, and the other the battalion of infantry. The Emperor complimented Marshal Radetski on the good order of the troops and the precision of their evolutions."

The Brighton Herald reports that the Duke of Wellington visited Brighton last week, for the purpose of inspecting the coast between that town and .New- haven and the harbour of the latter place; his object being to view the capabilities of the coast for fortifications, and of Newhaven as a harbour for armed ateamers. Such is the tale.

The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty have at length determined

that Woolwich Dockyard, the first naval and most ancient port in Europe. shall be immediately placed in a state of fortification. A large number of guns will he mounted facing the river; and it is stated to be their Lord-. ships' intention to erect on the Essex side of the Thames a similar battery of guns.—Morning Chronicle.

Within the last fortnight, several Government officials have been ex- amining the state of the ramparts and other defences of Berwick.—Berwick Warder.

• According to a local paper, warlike preparations on a large scale are in progress at Kingston in Canada West: a heavy battery is to be erected on the shore of the lake; and the shoal in front is to be secured by a large tower; which, it is said, will be of great utility in a naval point of view, as a mark for the harbour. It is also proposed to erect a large tower at Stuart's Point, and strengthen the works at Fort Henry.

The reports of the potato crop are so exactly like those of last week, both in their general drift and in their contradictory nature, that there is no necessity to repeat any details here.

Professors Kane, Lindley, and Playfair, who have been employed by the Irish Government to investigate the subject, have made a preliminary report on the means of retarding the progress of the disease. They ab- stain from making a final report on the actual state of the crop or the means of treating the diseased roots, until they shall have received further evidence and ascertained the results of experiments now in progress.

"In the present communication we avoid entering into any account of the origin or nature of the disease; but we would particularly direct attention to the ascertained fact, that moisture hastens its progress, and that it is capable of being communicated to healthy potatoes when they are in contact with such as are already tainted. A knowledge of these facts, determined as they have been by experiment, and agreeing with the scientific information obtained as to the causes and nature of the disease, lead us to propose the adoption of the following plan for diminishing the evils arising from this destructive malady. "In the event of a continuance of dry weather, and in soils tolerably dry, we recommend that the potatoes should be allowed for the present to remain in the land; but if wet weather intervene or if the soil be naturally wet, we consider that they should be removed from the ground without delay. "When the potatoes are dug out of the ground, we are decidedly of opinion that they should not be pitted in the usual way; as the circumstances under which potatoes are placed in ordinary pits are precisely those which tend to hasten their decay.

"We recommend that potatoes when dug should be spread over the field, and not collected into heaps; and if the weather continue dry and free from frost, that they should be allowed to lie upon the field for a period of time not exceed- ing three days.

"The potatoes, after being thus dried and improved in their power of resisting disease by the means proposed, should then be sorted, by carefully separating those which show any tendency to decay. Those potatoes which appear to be sound should then be placed about two inches apart in a layer; and over each. layer of potatoes should be placed a layer of turf-ashes, or dry turf-mould, or dry sand, or burnt clay, to the depth of a few inches. Thus will be formed a bed of potatoes, each potato being completely separated from the other by a dry ab- sorbent material; upon this bed another layer of potatoes should be spread in like manner, and be also covered with the dry materials employed: as many as four layers may thus be placed one above the other; and when the heap is com- pleted, it should be covered with dry clay, straw, heath, of any other material adapted to protect it from rain-

" In the event of the weather becoming wet, these recommendations are not applicable. In that case, we would advise the potatoes to be packed in small heaps, with either straw or heath interposed, and well covered: in such a situa- tion they should become as well dried as seems practicable under the circum- stances. Where out-buildings exist, it would be advisable that this mode of tem- porary packing should be carried on in those places. If there be no out-houses,. the heaps may be left in the open field. We, however, particularly recommend that potatoes should not be removed into inhabited rooms."

In a letter to the Dublin Evening Post, Doctor Corrigan draws an im- portant distinction-

" The fecula obtained from potatoes is constantly called potato flour.' It is not flour at all; it has no pretensions to the title. Wheaten flour is properly called flour; it contains all the constituents of the grain. But wheaten starch is not wheaten flour; neither is potato starch potato flour. A loaf of wheaten starch would be but a poor substitute for a loaf of wheaten _pour; just so would a cake of potato starch be but a sorry substitute for a potato loaf. Were this inaccuracy not corrected, it might lead many a benevolent individual to suppose that he was manufacturing out of the potato a wholesome flour,' as the papers so often can it, when he was only making bail arrow-root or poor starch; an article on which. neither health nor even life could be long sustained."

Some of the more influential Irish landlords, such as the Marquis of Or- monde, Lord Farnham, the Earl of Roden, and others, are devising means- to abate the calamity in their respective neighbourhoos. Lord Roden is attaching a large potato-mill to his powerful saw-mill at Tollymore Park; and his Lordship is using every exertion to induce his tenantry to convert their potatoes into starch, which wlren mixed with flour or meal is found to make very palatable bread. Lord Farnham has invited his tenants to attend a meeting, at which the results of some experiments that he had instituted would be explained.

In Nova Scotia the potato crop has been partially destroyed by the disease.

The news from England has caused a rise in prices of grain and flour at New York: flour was selling at 51 dollars or 5/ dollars; a rise of 37/ or 50 cents.

The Belize Observer of the 13th September reports such severe injury to- the corn crops in Yucatan that extensive importations will be necessary.

The Town-Council of Glasgow have memorialized the Treasury to ad rnit grain free of duty.

Lord Sandon has formally declared his concurrence in a memorial by the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce to the Privy Council in favour or admitting Indian corn. He thinks that such a course on the part of Go- vemment would greatly strengthen in America the hands of those who advocate the relaxation of the tariff.

We have the best grounds for believing that an intimation has been made in the quarter in the City most deeply interested in monetary mat- ters, that the Government have determined upon authorizing the Account- ant-General to receive in satisfaction of Railway deposits, Coruaol warrants and Exchequer Bills, at the price of the day. So that, in fact, it will only necessary to hand over to the Accountant-General the securities that description at present held by bankers. The convenience and

-portance of such an arrangement is obvious; for the twofold reason that it will prevent any difficulty such as we have referred to, and at the same time will avoid any unusual pressure on the money-market by the sale of Consols, and the depression in price which must have taken place, though but for a few days.—Morning Chronicle.

" In regard to this assertion," observes the commercial writer in the Times, "it may simply be stated that the Government have no power to rescind a stand- ing order of the House of Commons. It is under such a standing order that the deposits are required, and the House of Commons alone can modify the present re- gulations. Even suppose such a course to be adopted, and anything like the re- quired amount of deposits to have been paid up, the modification would only spread the time for payment over a somewhat longer period; and a pressure, sooner or later, would not be averted."

The Liverpool Mercury announces the approach of a commercial trans- action which is likely to result in many advantages to the public—the amalgamation of the London and Birmingham with the Grand Junction Railway Company- " On a calculation of the respective interests of the parties, it appeared, that while the London and Birmingham line yielded the full dividend of 10 per cent, the Grand Junction was in a condition to pay 12 per cent; so that the equaliza- tion of the two properties, for equal dividends in future, required that the Grand Junction shares should be written up' 201. per share: and it was therefore agreed that new shares of 201. each should be created, free of cost, to be added to the original shares, and the whole formed into common stock, entitled to common dividends from the let of October instant. It has been determined also, we understand, that on the London and Birmingham line the Company will now commence being their own carriers, and that a considerable reduction will at once be made in the charges for the conveyance both of goods and passengers. By arrangements in progress, the consolidated Company will proceed to establish what has long been considered a desideratum—a complete system of trunk-lines from London to Glasgow, (viii the Carlisle and the Caledonian,) and from London to Holyhead, and across Ireland; and they have decided to encourage in every way the formation into such trunk-lines of the most direct lines subserving the trade of the country."

The Poor-law Commissioners have published, it should seem with an apologetic intent, two letters addressed to the Clerk to the Andover Board of Guardians. One explains how Mr. Price came to be provisionally em- ployed as Master of the Workhouse, though he had rnisconducted himself when Master of the Oxford Workhouse. An inquiry was at that time in- stituted by Mr. Assistant-Commissioner Austin; but as Mr. Price resigned his situation, Mr. Austin did not think it necessary to transmit any report to the Commissioners. On the other hand, Mr. Assistant-Commissioner Parker, who recommended him at Andover, had high testimonials as to his fitness, and was not aware of the circumstances under which he re- signed his former post. The Commissioners regret that his temporary ap- pointment at Andover should have created any inconvenience to the Guardians. The other letter is meant to repel the responsibility of not having allowed sufficient food in the. Workhouse. It amounts to this. In 1836, the Commissioners sent to thh Union six dietary-tables, taken from dietaries actually in use; one of them was selected by the Guardians, and has continued in use ever since. The Commissioners, however, have always -expressed the opinion that the local authorities should be consulted as to the quality and amount of food allowed to the paupers, "on account of the dif- ferent modes of living prevalent among the labouring classes in different parts of England." There is great difficulty, they say, in insuring the actual receipt of food or even of money-relief by a pauper, whether in or out of the house; and that difficulty existed to a greater degree under the old law, with the practice of farming the paupers: the weighing of food is prescribed as a mutual defence both for pauper and master, and the paupers can insist on it. The Commissioners have a set form of returns to questions framed for the purpose of eliciting complaints from the paupers on such points; the return from Andover only shows some trifling and immaterial irregulari- ties; while some of the witnesses at the late inquiry said that the paupers made no complaints. [It will be remembered, however, that the answer to a similar argument was that the paupers dared not complain.] Local inspection, say the Commissioners, is the best check on abuses of this kind; and they complain that the Medical Officer appointed by the Guardians has not done his duty, because his orders and records were not regularly reduced to writing. However, they think that no serious harm can have been caused in Andover Workhouse or it would appear in the ratio of mortality: the ratio in the year ending on Lady-day 1845 was 1.5; whereas in thirty-three out of thirty-nine workhouses of Hampshire and Wiltshire it was higher: the ratio in that Workhouse since 1836 has been 3.1; whereas the mortality in the whole population throughout England in the same period was 2.2.

The Cape Town Gazette of the 25th July reports the main result of an expedition to the Antarctic regions-

" The bargee Pagoda, hired by Government for a scientific expedition to the Antarctic regions, lately returned to Simon's Bay; and the following particulars connected therewith may be relied upon as authentic. This vessel, under the command of Lieutenant Moore, penetrated, we understand, farther to the South- ward (between the meridian of Greenwich and 120 degrees East) than any other vessel ever attained unto before her; and completed the whole series of - netic observations left unfinished by H.M. ships Terror and Erebus. The Pagoda very nearly reached the magnetic pole; but the quantity of compact ice and icebergs which she fell in with precluded the possibility of her advancement. Many important discoveries were made; which will doubtless be laid before the public as soon as the official report shall have reached home.

"She was at times surrounded by icebergs considerably higher than the mast- heads; notwithstanding which, the existence of the Antarctic continent, viz. Vic- toria Land, has been confirmed beyond a doubt. The Aurora Borealis,' or Northern Luminary, was observed to be exceedingly brilliant; so much so, indeed, that at night small print was distinctly legible thereby,—a truly rare circum- stance in a Southern hemisphere. [1 he Aurora, called also " Australis " or Southern, is well known to occur.] The stores of natural history have been much enriched by collections of birds and fishes previously unknown. On her homeward track, the Pagoda touched at King George's Sound; where the hos- pitable treatment of the settlers and natives is highlyspoken of, and everything W55 going on well at that settlement. She next made the Mauritius; and re- turned to Simmee Bay, after a circuit of nearly fourteen thousand miles, in one hundred and forty days, having in that period fully accomplished the intended objects: when the vessel was delivered up in excellent condition to Captain H. Byron junior, her original commander, without a single casualty, not a man having been sick all the voyage; which may be mainly ascribed to the great care and attention bestowed by Admiral Percy in fitting out this bark for her hazardous and solitary task; and there is no doubt that the scientific world will be benefited by its results."

A veteran astronomer has just died in the person of Count Cassini, the last of the name, a member of the Academy of Sciences, formerly Director of the Royal Observatory of Paris Chevalier of the Order of St. Louis and of the Legion of Honour. He expired at his chateau of Thury sous Clermont, in the department of the Oise; having attained his ninetieth year.

The Madras Allimueum notices a remarkable appearance recently assumed by the planet Mars. "Hitherto this planet has been distinguished by a fiery red- ness of colour; which, to use the language of Sir John Herschell, ' indicates, no doubt, an ochrey tinge in the general soil, like what the red sandstone districts

of the earth may possibly offer to the inhabitants of Mars.' Such is, however, no longer the case; that planet having lost all appearance of redness, and put on a brilliant white aspect, vying in apparent magnitude and brightness with the planet Jupiter itself. The only changes which have heretofore been noticed in Mars are those the knowledge of which was derived from observations with the large reflecting telescopes of lierschell. These telescopes exhibit the appearance of brilliant white spas at the poles ; which spots, from the circumstance of their always becoming visible in winter and disappearing as the poles advanced towards their summer position, have reasonably enough been attributed to the presence of snow. The novel appearance now described to us, however, by the Honourable Company's Astronomer, Mr. Taylor, is such as that the whole of the planet, with the exception of a moderately broad equatorial belt, assumes a decidedly white aspect, strongly contrasting with what he has ever before noticed."

The Sussex Advertiser of Tuesday relates an interesting antiquarian discovery in a part of Lewes Priory grounds where the workmen are engaged in excavations for the Brighton, Lewes, and Hastings Railroad. " In digging close by, in fact

amidst the ruins of the old Priory, the workmen lit upon a hard substance, which on closer inspection proved to be a leaden box, surrounded by a few square Caen stones. After clearing away the soil, it was carefully removed; and turned out to be a cist, in which were human bones. Further examination led to the still more important discovery that it contained the remains of Gundreda, daughter of William the Conqueror; the name Gundrada, as it is spelt, being cut upon its lid. The size of the cat is about a yard in length, a foot in width, and nine inches in depth. The lid, sides, and ends, are in excellent preservation; but the bottom is destroyed,—an effect apparently produced by the bones, for where they lay there the lead is as it were corroded away. The lead is ornamented by being cast in beaded compartments of the lozenge form, five inches by three; and the lid fits

on, or rather laps over the sides. Shortly after this curious and interesting relic had been found, the workmen lit upon a second cat, precisely similar in form, shape, character, and material, but slightly longer. The bottom was eaten away in the same manner as that of its companion, and on the lid was inscribed the word Willelm,' with an abbreviation for the us, an old but usual way of writing (3 Gulielmus. This our antiquarians readily interpret into the name of Bri/liani de Warren; by this means establishing the fact that these eists contained the re- mains of Gundreda and her lord, William de Warren, the first Earl of Warren and Surrey, and founder of the monastery. Ancient records prove that Gundreda died in 1085, and William de Warren in 1083, and that both were interred in the chapterhouse of Lewes Priory; the latter being, as is stated, 'buried in the chap- tcrhouse, in a temb adjoining that in which his Countess Gundred was laid."

We find in the Prussian papers some particulars of interest relating to a he- roine of a remarkable description—Grace Darling enlarged into gigantic propor- tions—residing in the town of Pillau. This woman, Katherine Kleinfeldt, is the widow of a seaman; with whom, for twenty years, she made long sea-voyages; and since his death she has devoted her life, for his memory's sake, to the noble and perilous task of carrying aid to the drowning. Whenever a storm arises, by day or night, Katherine Kleinfeldt embarks in her boat, and quits the har- bour in search of shipwrecks. At the age of forty-seven, she has already rescued upwards of three hundred individuals from certain death. The population of Pillau venerate her as something holy, and the seamen look upon her as their guardian angel. All heads are uncovered as she passes along the street. The Prussian and several other Governments have sent her their medals of civil merit, mid the Municipality of Pillau has conferred on her the freedom of the town. Katherine is of athletic form and strength, of masculine physiognomy, softened only by its look of gentleness and goodness.—A thenomm. News has arrived of the total wreck of the Margaret, Hull and Hamburg steamer, on a dangerous sand called the Illemmett, near the Juist, at the Eastern entrance of the river Memm, on the coast of Westphalia. The vessel left Ham- burg for Hull on the 19th October ; aud encountered a heavy gale for three days, striking at day-break on the 22d. "The moment she took the shoal, the sea, which was running terrifically high, swept several persons overboard. The long-boat having been launched, attempts were made to reach the shore; but owing to its crowded state and the rough surf; it capsized, and all were drowned. Those who remained on board the vessel, after being exposed to the most severe privations for hours, were saved. The steamer, however, became a complete wreck." Sixteen of the passengers and three oilie crew perished.

Seven seamen of the bark Champlain, belonging to Cork, have been brought from America in the mail-steamer Cambria, charged with mutiny. The first ex- amination took place before the Liverpool Magistrate on Tuesday. The men shipped in the Champlain at St. John's; but in consequence of a demand for sailors, wages rose, and they wanted to be put on shore when they had been at sea but a few days: the master of course refused. The men then attempted to alter the ship's course, but were foiled: some one bored holes with an augur in the bot- tom of the vessel, and the mutineers would only pump sufficiently to keep the ship afloat. At last a brig hove in sight; the captain of the Champlain exhi- bited signals of distress; the brig sent off boats, and the seven men were seized; but not without a violent struggle. Such is the report: the facts have not, how- ever, been proved publicly ; the master of the vessel and some of his witnesses not having yet arrived in England.

The sentence of the Court-martial on Lieutenant Hyder, acquitting him of the charge preferred by Colonel Vandeleur, has been confirmed by the Queen; and the Royal confirmation was accompanied by a reprimand expressing the Sovereign's displeasure with the prosecutor, for conduct "the impropriety of which, on re- flection, he must be aware of." This is understood to refer to the suppression of some correspondence.

Arkroyd, a private soldier of the Fifty-fifth Regiment, having been tried by a Court-martial at Devonport, for striking Colonel Sir John Schoedde, was found guilty, and sentenced to death: the Queen, however, has commuted the punish- ment to transportation.

A pitman, named Cuthbert Macdonald, who, with two other men, was convicted at the last Durham Assizes of a highway robbery, has received her Majestya free pardon; it having been declared by the other two prisoners that lie was not in any way connected with the robbery in question, although Ile was positively sworn to by the prosecutor on the trial. It is due to T. C. Granger, Esq., M.P., and Mr. J. Marshall, of Durham, solicitor, to state that the innocence of the prisoner has been established and his restoration to liberty effected through their humane and united exertions.—Durham Advertiser.