Nortign ant Colonial.

FRANCE.—Paris has again been in great commotion. The Provisional Government is said to be divided, and the members of the moderate ma- jority in fear of the power and projects of the minority. On Saturday, a Government bulletin, of the stamp of those before issued by K Ledra- Rollin, and aimed at influencing the approaching elections, was posted on the walls of Paris. It contained these passages-

" Citizens, we could not pass from a regimen of corruption to a regimen of legality in the course of a day or an hour. A moment of inspiration and heroism sufficed for the people to assert the principle of truth; but eighteen years of falsehood oppose to the regimen of truth obstacles which a breath can- not overthrow. If the elections do not effect the triumph of the social truth—if they be the expression of the interests of a caste, estranged from the confiding loyalty of the people—the elections, which ought to be the salvation of the Re- public, must prove its destruction. The people who made the barricades would have only one means of saving themselves; and that would be to manifest a second time their will, and postpone the decision of a false national representa- tion.

" On some points wealth claims its privileges, and menaces us with the pain of conquering when we should have merely wished to persuade. "Let the country-people everywhere join the inhabitants of the towns, and the latter unite with him who in the name of all and for the common glory con- quered the principle of a noble and happy futurity. Everywhere the cause of the people is the same; everywhere are the interests of the poor and the oppressed identical. Should the Republic fall at Paris, it would not only fall in France, but in the entire world, which has its eyes fixed upon us, and is heroically strug- gling for its emancipation." There are also reports that a warm altercation lately arose between AP Marrast and K Ledrn-Rollin; which at last ended in K Marrast's buffet- ing his antagonist in the face, and branding him with cowardice,—Rollin's only answer being, vows of political revenge. Again, it is said that M. Blanqui, accused of treachery under the late regime to his own Republican party, has declared war with the Govern- ment, and is labouring to overthrow them and establish a Committee of Public Safety. The documents published by M. Taschereau have been an- swered by him in a long declamatory defence, which denies their author- ship: he professes to show numberless inaccuracies in them, such, it is ar- gued, as he never could have made; and he endeavours to ridicule them into discredit.

Two large meetings were convened for Sunday,—one by a party bent on considering the question of the organization of labour; the other, by the trades of Paris, to choose supplementary officers of the National Guard. With regard to the last, it seems that the working classes had complained to M. Louis Blanc that they were insufficiently represented at the late elections; and it had been arranged with General Courtraia that they should elect additional officers, who should be placed on the staff. The assem- blage, consisting of about 20,000 persons, was held in the Champ de Mars; the

ther, of about 5 incident 000" at the Hippodrome. The first was conducted without any ncident of significance, and the elections were made in good „vier; though during the delivery of speeches, some cries of " A bas Lamar-

e!" were raised. At the Hippodrome meeting, M. Blanqui himself „ and there was very exciting oratory. The Government having re-

caieed information that the meeting had sinister objects, suddenly evoked a vast counter-demonstration of physical force. The rappel was beaten throughout Paris; the National Guards seized arms, and hastened from their occupations to their posts. Artillery was brought into position, for the first time since the revolution of February, at the Hotel de Ville, the Mint, and several other places. Ball-cartridges, were distributed, and heavy patrols of 500 guards paraded near all the points thought vulnerable. By noon, 60,000 Guards were concentrated near the Gate!. de Ville: along the quays, the Boulevards, and in the principal staves on the North of the river, 160,000 more were ranged, including 40,000 of the Suburban Guard and 20,000 of the Garde Mobile. Mean- while, M. Blanqui's meeting ran its course: it concluded its deliberations by resolving to proceed immediately to the Mel de Ville and demand the reggae:ion of M. Lamartine, with some other members, and the admission to the Government in their places of Cabot, Raspail, and Pierre le Roux. coming to the Pont Neuf, however, they found the bridge occupied, and learnt the full extent of the great army brought out against them: hearing cries against the Communists as " perturbateurs," and seeing that the Guards had a very " fighting air," they prudently dispersed.

In the afternoon, crowded deputations repaired to sympathize with the Provisional Government on its reassured position. The members appeared at the Hotel de Ville; and M. Lamartine addressed a vast assemblage of citizens. Replying to a deputation from the National Guard, he said— "This day was announced to the Provisional Government as a day of danger to the Republic; we were sure beforehand that it would be a day of triumph for the country and for its children. I know by a recent trial, and I can see it by the visage of many amongst you, and by the intrepid and moderate energy which fills the heart of the armed citizens of the capital, that we, that France, will not want any other guard, any other army, than this civil, voluntary, spontaneous army, which has been formed of itself, hot at the first tap of the drum, for you were armed before the call to arm was beaten, but which is formed of itself at the first rumour of danger for the country and for public order."

He declared that attempts had been made to sow division in the Provi- sional Government; but he said-

" If some differences of opinion, as is natural to expect in the great councils of a country, are to be seen in the Administration, unity exists in the patriotism, in the same love for the Republic, in the same devotedness which animates them to- wards Paris and France. This union is the symbol of that of all the citizens. Permit me to offer you, not in my own name, but in that of the unanimity of my colleagues, the deep-felt thanks, not of the Provisional Government, but of the whole of France, for whom this would have been a day of calamity and of civil war if the Government had been divided; and which, thanks to your energy, will be for her the day of the definitive and pacific triumph of our new institutions, which we wish to hand over entire and inviolate to the National Assembly, which will be the supreme unity of the country."

M. Marrast received a deputation from the trades present at the meeting on the Champ de Mars, on Sunday: they protested in the name of that meeting against reports alleging their want of loyalty to the Government. M. Marrast admitted that there were grounds of complaint- " The constant thought of all the members of the Government, without excep- tion, has been to seek out means to ameliorate the situation of the working class, and to give employment and food to all that require it: we have not less than 70,000 persons now inscribed for that purpose. Temporary palliatives are not enough, and I admit frankly that they present several objectionable points. The question ought to begrappled with boldly, and the turning of man to account by man ought to be put a stop to. We want that credit should be organized on sufficiently wide bases to be accessible to all; that institutions should be established in such a way as to put the workman in possession of instruments of labour; and that a large system of professional education should complete their commercial emanci- pation at the same time that universal suffrage confirms their political emanci- pation?'

The great mass of the Guards were dismissed in the afternoon; but some were retained at their posts through the night. It was stated that M. Blanqui was the prime agitator, and that he was supported actively by Ledru-Rollin, and to some extent by Louis Blanc, Flocon, and Albert. The Union reported thus the proceedings at M. Blanqui's Central Repub- lican Club on Sunday evening— "The first speaker, one of the Inman, began by saying—' Today we have been vanquished; and I came to speak to you as conquered men, that is to say, with hatred in the heart and vengeance in the hand!' He then went on to say that, when the workmen were assembled in the Champ de Mars, a message was brought them on the part of the Provisional Government, to the effect that the 116tel de Ville was threatened, and that their assistance was required. ' But,' cried he, oh, what treason ! Whilst we were thus being called on, an appeal against as was made to the National Guard; and the National Guard also were told that an attempt was made to overthrow the Government, and that they were required to defend it!' In compliance he said, with the demand, the work- men hastened to the Hatel de Ville; but their astonishment was great, on the arriving at the Pont St. Michel, to see the H6tel surrounded with bayonets. This,' he added, this, citizens, is the signal of reaction! There are men who have divided the inhabitants of Paris into two classes: bat wo to those who have assumed the responsibility !' Another speaker said, that the lesson which the people should deduce from what had occurred was, never to descend into the street unarmed. A third demanded, that in order to enable the people to assemble rapidly, which was at present impossible, an orga- nization similar to that of the old secret societies—that of the Droits de l'Homme, for example—should be adopted. Citizen Blanqui said, that that had not been done, because such measures recalled the times of tyranny, and that it had been biped that under the reign of liberty they could dispense with such assistance. But he added, that as the counter-revolution was being organized, he would the next day nominate chiefs of sections, and establish the Societe Central Republi- mine on the basis of the old secret societies. A formal proposition to that effect was adopted. A young man in the auditory ventured to raise a cry of ' A bas le Commumsme !' he was seized by members; but the bystanders protected him, and he was let alone. M. Blanqui wound up the sitting. He stigmatized what he called the cowardly, weak, and ridiculous triumph of that day. He said that his greatest sorrow was to see more than half their misled brethren (meaning the workmen in the National Guard) taking part in the reaction. He declared that what he called the enthusiasm of bayonets was too cowardly to last; and he con- cluded by exhorting his hearers to display confidence, courage, and patience, until the great day of retribution should arrive." A correspondent of the Times professes to report the proceedings of a previous secret sitting of the club-

" The leaders proceeded to organize their forces in a military manner; the mem- bers to be held ready at a moment's notice to take arms and descend into the

streets. Each member was instructed to be provided with two muskets, the one deposited at his residence, the other in another part of the city; and never to go abroad without having ammunition in his pockets. M. Blanqui addressed the meeting in language of the most exciting nature. He denounced the National Guards as cowards, and maintained that the workmen who had joined their ranks on Sunday last had been deceived; and t when the clubs should see a necessity for raising the standard the workmen would join them, and the National Guards would not have the courage to encounter them in the streets. He invited the people to pay no more taxes or tolls, and insisted that all proprietors should be compelled to abandon one year's income for the benefit of the people. Arrange. ments were made to secure cooperation from thirty other clubs whose members held similar doctrines"

An article appeared in the Reforme of Monday [M. Ledra-Rollin's paper] which maintained the impression that there was some division in the Cabinet.

"Yesterday," said the writer, "was but a day of dupes. The National Guard lent itself, without doubting of it, to an infamous machination. It served as a coadjutor to the reactionary party, which is chanting victory. This early rappel,

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this sudden taking of arms, this irruption of the National Guard of the suburbs into the heart of the city in commotion—all was but a false alarm; a mere effect without cause, or rather, all that was but the effect of an impious calculation which speculated on terrific conflicts. • • • We repeat, that the National Guard has been the tool of an, ignoble intrigue; but the reactionary party has played its game badly, and was too hasty. In a few days the National Guard will do justice to the reactionary party."

The threat conveyed in these last words created a feeling of unmakes% and orders were given to the National Guards to be on the alert and

rto hasten to their posts., At five o'clock on Tuesday morning, the sour of the rappel was heard again, and there was a repetition of the grand muster of Sunday; but it was discovered to have been made on a faille alarm, and rumours of attacks on stations during the night were found tO have been fictitious. General Changarnier reviewed the National Guards, and told them it was indispensable they should be relieved and assisted by troops of the Line. The citizens concurred, and were even anxious for the recall to Paris of some regiments. The General promised that 7,000 melt should enter that day; and the citizens engaged with acclamations to g0 out to meet them should any resistance be threatened in the suburbs. In the course of the day, 7,000 troops marched into Paris, and contributed by their presence to restore a feeling of security.

On Wednesday, the fears of an overthrow of the Government disap- peared, and measures were taken by them to bring to light the nature of the adverse combination. Orders for several arrests had been issued, in. eluding a warrant against M. Blanqui; and the doors of some of the oluba were closed. The Government instructed the Attorney-General to com- mence some political prosecutions. Forty thousand troops were to be in Paris on Thursday; and the aged General Courtrais had resigned the military command of the National Guards of the Seine in favour of GOO- ral Changarnier. M. Cabot has written to the Provisional Government defending himself against reports. He says he was occupied on Sunday with a general meet- ing of the shareholders of the Populaire, discussing questions concerning the Icarian Communists, when he heard the rappel, and was told that a mob of Communists headed by himself were .marching to assail the Go- vernment and establish incendiarism and pillage: He and his friends con- tinued their deliberations, till the violent cries of the National Guards ad- vised him to leave his home with his wife. He declares his love for the working classes, and appeals to his labours for them. His doctrines are those of the Gospel, and are doctrines of peace; which he would main- tain only by discussion and persuasion, and only see adopted by free consent. Afflicted by the late events, and resolved to refute the charges against them of desiring rude and violent changes in France, he and his friends will emigrate to America, and try his system there at their own peril and risk. Meanwhile, as his club has been closed by the owner Of the house in which it was held, from fear of injury to his property, and as the National Guards still raise through Paris the cry of " Death to Cabot and the Communists)" M. Cabot calls upon the Government to remember how great a disgrace to them and to Paris his death would be; and de- • mends inquiry into the late dangers, and the calumnies uttered against himself.

The Government has abolished the salt-tax, and removed the prohibi- tion on the importation of foreign salt. The duties on import are to ba„ after the 1st January 1849, 25 centimes per 100 kilograms] when importml by land, 50 centimes imported by sea in French vessels, and 2 franca by sea in foreign vessels.

A trenchant redaction of the military staff has been decreed. Thirty. eight Generals of Division, including the names of Flahault, Sebastiani, Castellano, Gourgaud, Jacqueminot, Rumigny, Athalin, and St. Yon... twenty-seven Generals of Brigade, including Sainte-Aldegonde, Chabanine, and Thiery—four Colonels and five Lieutenant-Colonels on the Staff, and twenty-one Colonels—have been placed on the retired list. The number of territorial military divisions is to be lessened by one half. By these Maas alone, it is hoped to save 1,500,000 francs a year. The Boulogne and Amiens Railway was opened on Tuesday, and there is now continuous railway travelling from Paris to the Boulogne shore.

Continued insubordination is provoked in the provinces by the arbitrary Commissioners from Paris. The list of towns in which disturbances have occurred is too numerous to quote. The most serious affairs seem to have been at Troyes, Beauvais, Montauban, Carcassonne, Auxerre, and Quesnay. At Montauban, M. Sauriac has been twice expelled the town; each time returning with greater forces—at last taking even a battalion of artillery to reassert his authority.

Scut.Eswro-HOLSTEIN.—The Danish and Prussian troops had not made any movement of importance down to the 17th, the last date from Hamburg. A fight—a small affair of outposts—had occurred, in which the Danes were worsted and lost some prisoners. It is said that commissioners are endea- vouring to treat.

GmataxY.—The Germanic Diet, at its Bitting of the 12th, resolved, among other things, that unless the Danes evacuate Schleswig, force must be resorted to. The union of Schleswig and Holstein should be upheld by arms.

The accounts from Posen are contradictory; one day reporting excessive outrages, next contradicting those tales. It seems plain that the German and Polish populations are widely estranged from each other, and that Ge- neral Willisen has a difficult task to reconcile his policy to each national party. It is said that the King has signed an ordinance dividing ten cir- cles from the province of Poses; but the act has not been promulgated. A,

Polish army of some 20,000 scithe-men was encamped on the 11th, near Schroda, and demanded to be incorporated in the regular army of Posen. A Berlin decree of the 11th fixed the distribution of the delegates to the German Diet among the provinces. The numbers are 159 without Prus- sia Proper, 191 with it. Orders in Council appeared on the 15th reinstating portions of the Code Napoleon in the Rhine Provinces, where previous orders in Council had repealed the better half of the Code.

An official list of the soldiers killed and wounded on the 18th and 19th of March has been published: it shows that enormous exaggeration dictated the received accounts published at the time. Three commissioned officers sad 17 noncommissioned officers and privates are the sum of those killed, or who had died of wounds, on the 12th of April; the wounded were 14 Officers and 14 noncommissioned officers, 225 rank and file, and one surgeon. There was a serious rising of the prisoners in the House of Correction at Spandau on the 13th instant. It became necessary to call in the military and order them to fire. A prisoner was killed on the spot, and another wounded mortally. One of the turnkeys was killed in the first outbreak. At Aix-la-Chapelle, an affray between workmen and soldiers had taken place. The military were confined to barracks on the 15th, and the city was patrolled by the Burgher Guard. At Hesse Cassel, there has been an insurrection again. The Elector de- termined to dismiss General Lepel, and the Minister of War who refused to countersign Lapel's dismissal. A great mob assembled, combated with the body guards, drove them into their barracks, and took possession of the town during the whole night of the 9th. On the morning of the 10th, the Elector issued a proclamation of regrets and forgiveness. On the 11th, order was restored, and the people and troops fraternized.

Professors Struve and Hecker have attempted a Republican movement in some of the towns of Baden. At Constance, on the 13th, M. Hecker en- deavoured to get a republic proclaimed; but failed. At Eberlingen, M. Struve was partially successful, but only briefly so. The Germanic Diet has issued orders for the arrest of the agitators, and has sent a force in pur- suit of them.

The German Republican Legion, headed by Herwegh, is in Alsace: M. Spatz and Venedey, members of the Council of Fifty, have been despatched to negotiate for its entry into Germany peaceably, its passage to the North, and junction with the Schleswig-Holstein forces.

The Ex-King of Bavaria had arranged to depart for Switzerland—his car- riages were actually at the door; but the reigning King dissuaded him, and the journey was abandoned for the time.

HOLLAND.—At the Hague, on the 17th, the new constitution had ap- peared. The Radical party complain that it is less liberal than the con- stitution of Belgium.

An ordinance appeared on the 15th, proclaiming Menado in the island of Celebes a free port.

ITALY.—Tbe King of Sardinia has forced the line of the Austrians on the Mincio in three places between Mantua and Verona. A letter from Turin, of the 15th, even states that the fortress of Peschiera, at the foot of Lake Garda, has fallen; this is doubtful, but the fort is at all events be- leaguered by a great force. Steamers on the Lake Garda have becuseized, and troops sent to its North coast to seize on Rive and Rovereclo, operate against Trent, and cut the.Austrian line of operations in their rear towards" Vienna. The King's army now amounts to about 38,000 men and 110 pieces of artillery. The, Austrian force is larger, but is broken into isolated bodies.

The Provisional Government of Milan has declared the dissolution of all local provisional government, and summoned local deputies to Milan to form a central government for all Lombardy.

Signor Mazzini is at Milan, and Gioberti is expected there. The latter has declined to accept his nomination by Charles Albert as a Senator of Piedmont.

UNITED STATES AND CANADA.—The Caledonia arrived at Liverpool On Tuesday, with papers from Boston to the 5th, and Halifax to the 7th instant.

The news of the French Revolution, taken out by the Caledonia her- self; has been received in the United States with immense demonstrations of joy. Large meetings were held to express sympathy, and illuminations were very prevalent. The elections in Connecticut have gone completely in favour of the Whigs.

Jacob Astor died on the 29th, leaving property worth 25,000,000 dollars.

The Governor-General of Canada prorogued Parliament in person on the 23d of March. The day of reassembling is the 2d of May, but a dissolution expected. M. Papineau made a fiery speech against the Government.