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Fitanen.—The debates of the session of the French Legislature com- menced on Monday. The address of the Deputies is for the most part an echo of the King's speech; but in referring to Cracow, and to the finances, it ventures on a slight show of independence- " The Chamber has learned, with painful astonishment, the incorporation into the empire of Austria of the republic of Cracow, an independent and neutral state. This event has changed the state of things founded in Europe by the last treaty of Vienna, and carries a fresh attack against the nationality of Poland. In protest- ing against this infraction of treaties, your Majesty has responded to the senti- ments of France.

"Thanks to the continued development of labour and industry., the public re- venue has gone on increasing. Nevertheless, the equilibrium between the re- ceipts and the expenditure during the year just expired has not been able to be maintained. We are convinced that your Government will use all its efforts in order that this equilibrium, so necessary to the good administration of finances, may be soon reestablished."

The debate was dull and uninteresting. M. Charles Dupla, who opened it, panegyrized M. Guizot, and abused England; whose object, he said, for the last hundred years, in her pretended alliances with France, was to iso- late and weaken that country. The Viscount de Flavigny complained that the Government had been neglectful in providing against the exist- ing distress. In reply, M. Duchtitel entered into a long explanation to prove that the exertions of Government had been unremitting, though they had endeavoured to avoid interfering with the natural course of private commercial enterprise: that was the reason why the ports were not open- ed by a royal decree.

M. Quizot entered the debate immediately after M. Passy on Wednesday: his speech, which retraced the narrative of the Montpensier affair was, substantially, a restatement of his despatches. He concluded by declaring that France had violated/ treaty or engagements—

The relations between En, ed and France, he was sorry to say, had been af fected to a certain extent eve ince. But he had toe much confidence in the justice and respect for right wne:11 distil, idled the k'dritiish nation not to hope that they would perceive the necessity ci e firm union of the two countries.

The King's Government was decided to ren..._ isolated, to • etain fr all ad- vances and concessions; and he was certain that the English disc .ent would ultimately subside, in the presence of the gi • interests which had already mani- fested themselves in England as well as Fran.

The accounts of the revenue look fair on the surface. The indirect taxes and revenues for 1846 amount to 823,291,000 fl-aes; being an increase of 19,389,000 francs over 1845, and of 35,427,000 over 1844.

The scarcity of grain, and its consequently rapid rise in price, caused great uneasiness. The food-riots at Rennes hadj been suppressed; but at Cha- teauroux the disturbances had been very disastrous—the Prefect wrote that he required two regiments to insure tranquillity. The accounts of the 16th instant Mention the mode in which M. Chambers, a wealthy corn- dealer, met his death—

"He was crossing his garden, when a crowd of the rioters rushed in, and called on him to sign the paper to sell corn at a lower rate. 'I shall do nothing,' said he, 'on compulsion; and the first man that approaches me shall meet with his death! So saying, he drew out a pair of pistols: whether by their proper movement, or pushed forward by the crowd, several of the rioters advanced; and M. Chambert, firing the two pistols, killed one man and wounded another. Then the crowd in exasperation fell on him; and one of them pierced him in the eye with a pitchfork, and afterwards plunged it into his body. He was soon finished with sticks and stones and trampling of feet. The crowd afterwards wreaked their vengence on the body, which was left in a dreadfully disfigured state. The mob then pillaged his house; from which his mother and wife were fortunately absent."

The houses of several other proprietors were pillaged. In the several arrondissements matters were rapidly getting worse. The riot of Buten- ceais had spread to Blanc; and Chatillon, Mezier, Vendouvre, and Palluan, were partakers of the general disorganization. Disturbances broke out at Cency-la- Tour, in the department of the Nievre, on the 14th instant. It was feared ihat the rioters would extend their efforts to the commune adjoining Nevers. Riotous movements are also reported about Sevres, Levroux, Valanest, Segre, Angers, Laval, Ernee, and other ?laces. Several persons have died of hunger in the mountainous districts of the department of the Upper Loire, rather than have recourse to the charity of their neighbours. These events would seem to account for the panic which on Saturday seized the frequenters of the Bourse. It continued till Tuesday, when there was some reaction.

The Bank of France had proposed to sell a ',portion of the Government securities in which their capital is invested. The Government, how- ever, it was understood, prohibited resort to such a measure; calculating that its effect would be to depress Goiernment stock. The Bank of Rouen has followed the example of the Bank of France, and raised its rate of discount to 5 per cent.

SWITZERLAND.—The troubles of this republic are recommencing. The Ministers of Prussia, Austria, and Russia, have each addressed a note to the' Vorort, declaring that the Northern Powers will abstain from any in- tervention in the internal affairs of Switzerland only on condition that the Swiss themselves strictly adhere to the compact of 1815. The Russian note, signed by the Russian Envoy Krudener, is dated the 10th of January; and the body of it is as follows- " According to the orders with which he is provided, the undersigned is under the necessity of having the honour of announcing to the new Directory of the Swiss Confederation, that, seeing in it the authority which, in virtue of the 10th article of the compact concluded the 7th of August 1815, is called on to conduct the general affairs of the Confederation, Russia will maintain with it her accustomed friendly relations through the organ of the present Directory, as long as the basis upon which its power reposes shall not be disturbed in its essence or vitiated in its spirit. This basis is the federal compact of 1815; and the spirit of that act is only maintained in its integrity as long as the sovereignty of the Cantons, gua- ranteed by the compact, and limited only for certain specific ends which the federal constitution indicates, shall be scrupulously respected. The more grave the circumstances under which the Canton of Berne assumes the high functions which are imposed upon it, the more the Imperial Court considers itself obliged not to leave any doubt as to its sentiments, and as to the consequences which will naturally follow." The reply of the Vorort was bold and determined. It claimed for Switzerland the right enjoyed by every independent nation to introduce such modifications into its domestic legislation as time and the growing wants of the people may require. It protested against all foreign inter- vention in the internal affairs of the country; and declared, as far as re- gards the-e, that it acknowledges no authority save that of the confederate Cantons. It is considered probable that an extraordinary Diet may be convoked; but in such a measure the Directory will not assume the initiative. Several Cantons, however, have already suggested that proceeding. PORTUGAL.— Accounts from Lisbon, to the 11th instant, mention that progress continued to be made in the pacification of the country. The provinces of Estremadura, Algarve, Lower Beira, and Tras-os-Montes, were entirely tranquillized; the road from Lisbon to Coimbra was perfectly free from Guerillas; the telegraphs and posts were again established. The Queen's troops under Saldanha entered Coimbra on the 5th instant, amidst rejoicing; and marched Northward on the:9th, as far as Joaninho; where the reception is described as very brilliant. Des Antas was forty-eight hours in adiance, and in full retreat towards Oporto; which would be in- vested by the Queen's troops about the 14th. The Miguelites had joined the Septembrists, and their united forces at Oporto consisted of six or seven thousand men. Count Bomfim and Don Fernando de Villareal are said to have had a serious quarrel on board the ship of war where they are confined in the Tagus. The dispute ran so high that they came to blows, and it was found necessary to separate them. The quarrel arose in biokerings connected with the battle of Torres Vedras.

Srene.—Private letters from Bayonne, of the 16th instant, mention that serious disturbances had taken place at Pampelnna on the preceding Sunday. Some young conscripts assembled on the Tolosa road; an when the Alcalde attempted to disperse them with the civil force, they drove the guard into the city with cries of" The Fueros!" They were, however, subsequently induced by the Mayor to disperse. Selior Olozaga was reconducted to Bayonne on the 12th instant.

PoworD.—Accounis from Warsaw announce that,: the disturbances created by the discontented peasantry of Gallicia had recommenced, and threatened to extend more widely. This is now said to be the reason why a body of Russian troops, under General Rudiger, had been stationed along the Gallician frontier. Austria, on the other side, has posted several thou- sand troops on the frontier of Cracow. The landowners are all in a state of anxiety, not knowing what measures the two Governments may take to prevent fresh disasters.

It is stated by the Berliner Zeitung that the Warsaw Bank has suddenly called in all outstanding debts. The majority of the landed proprietors of Poland are indebted to the bank for more than half the real value of their properties: the result will be, that the majority will become insolvent, and their properties will be sold for the benefit of the bank. It is hinted that the Rossian Government is at the bottom of the affair; as the impoverish- Xnent of the Polish nobility would deprive them of their influence.

An amnesty was proclaimed at Cracow on the 4th instant; according to which ell persons implicated in the late insurrection are pardoned, with the exception of the ringleaders.

TURKEY.—The Sultan is said to have been much annoyed at the man- ner in which the Bey of Tunis has been received at Paris; and has sent instructions to Snleyman Pacha, the Ottoman Ambassador, to make the very strongest representations to the Government on the subject. France is accused of endeavouring to detach the vassal from his allegiance. Although the Turkish Government is in nowise interested in the an- nexation of Cracow, the Austrian Government has been endeavouring, through Baron Sturmer, to obtain from the Sultan a statement of his ap- proval of that act. It was represented that Cracow was a hotbed of re- bellion; and that, as a Government not based on Democratic principles, the Porte had an interest in suppressing Republican doctrines. To all this pleading Redachid Pacha returned a vague answer. A few days afterwards, Mr. Wellesley showed him Lord Palmerston's protest; on which the Pacha declared that the Ottoman Government could give no countenance to the infraction of treaties.

Clam OP GOOD HorE.—According to advices of the 19th November, matters were by no means settled. The Governor was still negociating with Sanclilla, and, it is said, had threatened to recommence operations against him, unless 20,000 bead of cattle, 500 horses, and 1,800 guns were delivered up in fourteen days.

The war-steamer Thunderbolt had been despatched to Waterloo Bay to lay down moorings there. The Fish River, which runs into the bay, is considered the key to Kafirland; and this position, it is considered, will render any future operations against the Kafirs much easier, by enabling troops and supplies to be thrown at once into the heart of the district. HA-JUL—The New York Sun describes the new constitution adopted in Hayti. It "is partly Monarchical and partly Republican, and was partly the work of France. The President is elected for life; the Legislature for sae years; the Catholic religion the religion of the country; and no White man to become a citizen, hold office, or own real estate.'