Further Reflections upon Reality
The Buddha and the Christ : An Exploration of the Meaning of the Universe and bf the Purpose of Human Life. By B. H. Streeter, D.D., F.B.A. (Macmillan. 7s. 6c1.) THE title of this book may well raise expectations which its contents do not fulfil. We should suppose it to contain a detailed examination of the character and influence of the two great founders, a comparison of the development of their religions, an estimate of the mystical, ethical, intellectual and aesthetic values of each, and an .exploration of the in- ferences to be drawn from them as to the nature of the Uni- verse. If this were too large a theme for a single course of lectures, the special fields of Japanese Buddhism and British Christianity might yield material of the highest importance. Dr. Streeter draws attention to the similarity between the cult of Amide and the concept of Christ as Saviour : he does not explore the material thus provided for a survey of the re- spective influence of mythology and of history. So, too, he alludes to the Japanese attitude towards beauty, and indicates the comparative weakness of Christian aesthetic, but without any attempt to investigate the significance of the contrast.
Nevertheless, though the title may be inappropriate, the
book has a definite purpose and a real value. In his Reality. Dr. Streeter has developed the argument that religion fur. nishes evidence as to the nature of the Universe which science by reason Of its characteristic method cannot provide, and that this evidence is valid and indispensable. He now follows up this contention with the claim that the great religions of mankind represent an experience which illuminates our under. standing and guides our conduct. Taking Buddhism anti Christianity as examples, he describes their origin, history and development both in contrast and in similarity ; argues that religion as shown in them is superior both to magic and to absolutist philosophy- ; and tests the worth of religion by 'considering its teaching upon the great problems _of
the relation between ideals and activities, and of immortality. The volume is thus a sequel to its author's previous books, a further instalment of his exposition of Christian belief. Re- ferences to his earlier works help to complete the survey here 'outlined.
_ For the student of _ religion these. ilectutea, unlike =the traditional Bamptons, will not contain much that is new It *is not their:' ntention to-disclose reseal-eh or to open up unknown ground. He will value thein hi; particular passages, for the ingenious defence of the Reformation in England (a fine apology for the policy of " muddling through "), for their lucid criticism of Karma, for the sanity of their treat- ment- of psychic research, and above all for .their .wealth, of happy and epigrammatic phrases. But he will often be - Surprised at the emphasis with which the author elaborates arguments thoroughly familiar and only redeemed by his diction from becoming trivial or tiresome, and by his habit itslipPing on to another subject" just when a really eXciting issue has been raised.
It is rather for the general public than for the student that the book is written ; and when its limitations are recog. nized it can be warmly recommended. Dr. Streeter has wide knowledge, a fertile and discursive mind, and a charming clarity of style. As a popular interpreter of Christianity, able to sympathize with the modern outlook and to bring its problems for judgement to the bar of his own sane and synthetic religion, he occupies a unique position. His book will. be of immense help to those who are dissitisfied with traditional apologetics, attracted towards creeds and cults whose claims they are not competent to criticize, and quick to recognize the breadth, the honesty, the clearness and the
relevance of Dr. Streeter's outlook. To call it an exploration of the Universe is perhaps only fair in the sense in which one may " explore ". the banks of the Cherwell ; but there, as here, Dr. Streeter is a delightful guide and companion.
C. E. RAVEN.
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